CN109064862B

CN109064862B - Use method of temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device

Info

Publication number: CN109064862B
Application number: CN201811211821.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯萍; 彭菊香
Original assignee: Wenzhou Medefi Home Furnishing Co ltd
Current assignee: Wenzhou Medefi Home Furnishing Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-18
Filing date: 2018-10-18
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-18
Also published as: CN109064862A

Abstract

A use method of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device comprises a base, a stand column, a zygomatic bone simulation frame, a mandibular simulation frame, an upper dental model, a lower dental model and a driving rod, and the use method comprises the following steps: step A, preparing the upper dental model and the lower dental model according to teaching requirements; and step B, enabling the end head of the vertical arm to extend into the concave part and be surrounded by the air bag, then adjusting the position of the first pin, and sleeving the driving rod on the first pin and the second pin, so that the upper dental model and the lower dental model are attached. And step C, adjusting the position of the end head of the upright arm, and then demonstrating the motion relation of the temporomandibular joint by sliding the first pin. The use method of the temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device provided by the invention can visually show the motion relation of temporomandibular joints.

Description

Use method of temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of teaching aids, in particular to a using method of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device.

Background

The temporomandibular joint is also known as the temporomandibular joint or the mandibular joint. Consists of a mandibular head, a temporomandibular fossa and a joint nodule, which are combined into a joint on the left and the right to carry out opening, closing and chewing movements. The joint capsule is loose and reinforced by the medial and lateral ligaments. The articular disc in the capsule is oval and is composed of fibrocartilage, and is divided into an anterior part, a middle part and a posterior part. The upper surface is saddle-shaped, is concave in front and convex in back and corresponds to the convex-concave contours of the articular nodule and the mandibular fossa; the lower concavity is opposite to the mandible, the periphery is connected with the joint capsule, and the front edge is connected with the extrapterous muscle tendon passing through the joint capsule. The articular disc divides the articular cavity into upper and lower halves. The joint is externally provided with a sphenoid mandibular ligament (sphenoid spine to mandibular uvula) and a styloid mandibular ligament (styloid process to mandibular angle) for reinforcement.

The temporomandibular joint movement mechanism is that the mandibular joint allows for mandibular advancement, descent, advancement, retraction and lateral movement. In the opening and closing activities, the lower jaw head rotates in the lower jaw joint cavity along the frontal axis passing through the lower jaw head, and the lower jaw body is descended and ascended. When the anterior and posterior movement is performed, the articular disc and the mandible head together surround the frontal axis in the articular tubercle in the upper joint cavity and perform arc-shaped sliding. The lateral movement is that one side of the lower jaw head rotates on the vertical axis in the original position in the lower joint cavity, and the opposite side of the lower jaw head moves forwards in the upper joint cavity together with the joint disc. The distance between the upper incisor edge and the lower incisor edge can reach 50-60 mm when the mouth is opened, and the distance is about 10mm when the mouth moves forwards and laterally.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a human head skeleton structure, and referring to fig. 1, a change in position of a mandibular head 103 corresponds to a motion relationship of a temporomandibular joint, and in a process of learning and understanding of temporomandibular joint principles by oral medical students and oral clinicians, except that a real intuitive feeling can be obtained in an anatomical learning process, in other teaching and communication processes, a used demonstration device is generally a common oral cavity orthopedic model in the market, or a theoretical operation principle of the temporomandibular joint is exhibited by using an articulator, but a position of the mandibular head of the common oral cavity orthopedic model in the market is generally fixed and cannot be changed, and the articulator is used for converting and exhibiting the position relationship of the mandibular head according to a specific dental plaster model, so that the articulator does not exhibit the motion relationship of the temporomandibular joint intuitively. That is, it is often difficult to visually demonstrate the motion relationships of the temporomandibular joint with existing demonstrations.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration apparatus reducing or avoiding the problems mentioned above.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a using method of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device, which comprises a base, an upright post, a cheekbone simulation frame, a mandible simulation frame, an upper dental model, a lower dental model and a driving rod, wherein the base is fixedly connected with the upright post, the cheekbone simulation frame comprises two axial rods which are symmetrically arranged and radial rods which are connected with the end parts of the two axial rods, a sliding groove is arranged on the outer side of each axial rod, a first pin is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the first pin is connected with the side wall, close to one side of each radial rod, in the sliding groove through a spring, a concave part for simulating a joint nodule is arranged on one side of each axial rod, close to the upright post, the mandible simulation frame comprises two L-shaped skeletons which are symmetrically arranged, the L-shaped framework comprises a flat arm and a vertical arm, the end part of the flat arm is connected with a connecting rod, the vertical arm is provided with a second pin, the first pin and the second pin are respectively and rotatably connected with the driving rod, an air bag is arranged in the concave part, the upper tooth die is provided with a first chuck connected with the radial rod, the lower tooth die is provided with a second chuck connected with the connecting rod, and the use method of the L-shaped framework is as follows:

step A, preparing the upper dental model and the lower dental model according to teaching requirements, assembling the upper dental model on the zygomatic bone simulation frame, and assembling the lower dental model on the lower jaw simulation frame;

step B, enabling the end head of the upright arm to extend into the concave part and be surrounded by the air bag, then adjusting the position of the first pin, and sleeving the driving rod on the first pin and the second pin, so that the upper dental model and the lower dental model are attached;

and step C, adjusting the inflation quantity of the air bag so as to adjust the position of the end head of the upright arm, and then demonstrating the motion relation of the temporomandibular joint by sliding the first pin.

Preferably, the balloon comprises a central balloon body for simulating a joint disc located directly above the axis of the recess, and lateral balloon bodies for simulating a joint capsule which are bilaterally symmetrical.

Preferably, the first chuck and the second chuck are both made in an integral molding mode.

Preferably, the upper dental cast and the lower dental cast are both made of gypsum or plastic materials by adopting a pouring or injection molding mode.

The use method of the temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device provided by the invention can intuitively show the motion relation of temporomandibular joints, thereby greatly facilitating the study and understanding of the temporomandibular joint principle by oral medical students and oral clinicians in the teaching process.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of a human head;

fig. 2 is a schematic exploded partial perspective view of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a connection relationship between the recessed portion and the upright arm in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are given like reference numerals.

Fig. 2 is a schematic exploded partial perspective view of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstrating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection relationship between the recessed portion and the arm in fig. 2. Fig. 2 is mainly used for the principle representation, and therefore only a perspective schematic view of the exploded state of a partial structure is given. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the invention provides a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration apparatus, which comprises a base 1, a vertical column 2, a zygomatic bone simulation frame 3, a mandibular simulation frame 4, an upper dental cast 5, a lower dental cast 6 and a driving rod 7, wherein the base 1 is fixedly connected with the vertical column 2, the zygomatic bone simulation frame 3 comprises two symmetrically arranged axial rods 31 and radial rods 32 connected with the ends of the two axial rods 31, a sliding slot 311 is arranged outside the axial rods 31, a first pin 312 is slidably connected in the sliding slot 311, the first pin 312 is connected with a side wall of the sliding slot 311 close to one side of the radial rods 32 through a spring (not shown in the figure), the axial rod 31 is provided with a recess 313 for simulating a joint tubercle at one side close to the vertical column 2, the mandibular simulation frame 4 comprises two symmetrically arranged L-shaped skeletons 41, the L-shaped framework 41 comprises a flat arm 411 and a vertical arm 412, the end of the flat arm 411 is connected with a connecting rod 42, the vertical arm 412 is provided with a second pin 413, the first pin 312 and the second pin 413 are respectively and rotatably connected with the driving rod 7, an air bag is arranged in the recessed portion 313, the upper dental model 5 is provided with a first chuck 51 connected with the radial rod 32, and the lower dental model 6 is provided with a second chuck 61 connected with the connecting rod 42.

Referring to fig. 3, the balloon may be an intermediate balloon body 301 including a simulated articular disc directly above the axis of the recess 313, and lateral balloon bodies 302 for simulating joint capsules, which are bilaterally symmetrical, the middle balloon body 301 and the lateral balloon bodies 302 may be sequentially connected, or may be separately arranged as shown in fig. 3, and each is independently controlled for inflation and deflation (inflation ports are not shown in the figure), the central balloon body 301 and the lateral balloon bodies 302 are both accessible to the axial position of the concave portion 313 in the full state, this ensures that the position of the tip of the upright arm 412 in the recessed portion 313 can be adjusted by controlling the inflation amount of each air bag body, of course, the air bag may be a plurality of air bag bodies connected in sequence around the recess 313, as long as the displacement of the end of the upright arm 412 can be controlled by inflation and deflation.

The use method of the temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

step A, preparing the upper dental model 5 and the lower dental model 6 according to teaching requirements, assembling the upper dental model 5 on the zygomatic bone simulation frame 3, and assembling the lower dental model 6 on the lower jaw simulation frame 4. That is, the upper dental cast 5 and the lower dental cast 6 can be prepared by casting or injection molding using plaster or plastic materials according to the characteristics of dental models at different ages, and during the preparation process, the first collet 51 and the second collet 61 can be integrally formed according to the sizes of the radial rod 32 and the connecting rod 42, so that the interference fit between the first collet 51 and the radial rod 32, and the interference fit between the second collet 61 and the connecting rod 42 can be ensured, and the tightness of connection between the upper dental cast 5 and the lower dental cast 6 can be ensured during assembly.

Step B, the end of the upright arm 412 extends into the recess 313 and is surrounded by the air bag, then the position of the first pin 312 is adjusted, and the driving rod 7 is sleeved on the first pin 312 and the second pin 413, so that the upper dental cast 5 and the lower dental cast 6 are attached to each other. Referring to fig. 2, the driving rod 7 may be provided with through holes respectively in clearance fit connection with the first pin 312 and the second pin 413, and since the first pin 312 is connected to a side wall of the sliding slot 311 near the radial rod 32 by a spring (not shown), after the driving rod 7 is sleeved on the first pin 312 and the second pin 413, under the action of the spring force, the driving rod 7 may provide a driving force simulating extrapteroid muscle and intradennal muscle to the L-shaped frame 41 through the second pin 413, and by matching with the restraining force applied to the end of the upright arm 412 in the recess 313, the L-shaped frame 41 is prevented from falling off.

And step C, adjusting the inflation quantity of the air bag so as to adjust the position of the end head of the upright arm 412, and then demonstrating the motion relation of the temporomandibular joint by sliding the first pin 312. Referring to fig. 3, the position of the end of the upright arm 412 can be adjusted by adjusting the inflation amount of the middle air bag 301 and the side air bags 302, for example, the upper dental cast 5 and the lower dental cast 6 can form a median occlusion, and then the mandible simulating frame 4 can be pushed by the driving rod 7 to open and close by sliding the first pin 312, so that the movement relationship of the temporomandibular joint can be demonstrated. When the motion relation demonstration of the temporomandibular joint such as the adult's mandibular retrosystole malocclusion' state is required, it is also only necessary to adjust the inflation amounts of the middle air cell body 301 and the lateral air cell bodies 302 so that the upper dental model 5 and the lower dental model 6 form a malocclusion state, and then push the mandibular simulation frame 4 to perform an opening and closing action via the driving rod 7, so that the motion relation of the temporomandibular joint in this state can be demonstrated.

It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that while the present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment. The description is given for clearness of understanding only, and it is to be understood that all matters in the embodiments are to be interpreted as including technical equivalents which are related to the embodiments and which are combined with each other to illustrate the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. A using method of a temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device is characterized in that the temporomandibular joint simulation demonstration device comprises a base, a stand column, a zygomatic bone simulation frame, a mandibular simulation frame, an upper dental cast, a lower dental cast and a driving rod, wherein the base is fixedly connected with the stand column, the zygomatic bone simulation frame comprises two axial rods which are symmetrically arranged and a radial rod which is connected with the end parts of the two axial rods, a sliding groove is arranged on the outer side of each axial rod, a first pin is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the first pin is connected with the side wall, close to one side of the radial rod, in the sliding groove through a spring, a concave part for simulating a joint nodule is arranged on one side of each axial rod, the mandibular simulation frame comprises two L-shaped frameworks which are symmetrically arranged, each L-shaped framework comprises a flat arm and a vertical arm, two the flat arm end connection has the connecting rod, the upright arm is provided with the second pin, first pin with the second pin respectively with actuating lever rotatable coupling, be provided with the gasbag in the depressed part, the gasbag is including being located the middle gasbag body that is used for simulating the articular disc directly over the depressed part axis to and bilateral symmetry's the side direction gasbag body that is used for simulating the articular capsule, go up the dental model be provided with be used for with the first chuck that radial rod is connected, lower dental model be provided with be used for with the second chuck that the connecting rod is connected, its method of use is:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second jaws are integrally formed.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the upper dental cast and the lower dental cast are made of plaster or plastic materials by casting or injection molding.