CN109061726A - Method and device for identifying multiples - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification discloses a method and a device for identifying multiple waves, wherein the method comprises the steps of classifying a seismic velocity spectrum of a target work area to obtain a target velocity category; calculating the length of a velocity interval corresponding to the target velocity category at the same time in the seismic velocity spectrum to obtain velocity spread; extracting a spread attribute according to the speed spread along the layer to obtain a spread slice; and identifying multiples by using the spread slice. By utilizing the embodiments of the specification, the development degree and distribution characteristics of the multiple waves on the plane of the earthquake work area can be more effectively identified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic data processing technology fields, particularly, are related to a kind of method and device for identifying multiple wave.
Background technique
Under normal conditions, multiple wave and primary wave be without more apparent difference, in practical applications cannot can not be complete
Effectively MULTIPLE ATTENUATION.If compression process is excessive, while identifying multiple wave, it is effective also to injure primary wave etc.
Reflection.Therefore, various types of multiple wave development degrees how are more efficiently analyzed, evaluation is multiple in time during processing
Wave pressing result is an important research direction in seism processing.
At present in seismic data, the speed and periodic feature for being typically based on multiple wave are in normal-moveout spectrum, stacked section, earthquake
Multiple wave or evaluation pressing result are identified in prestack trace gather.Such as there are occur in low-speed energy group, CMP trace gather in normal-moveout spectrum
Dynamic school is insufficient, and increasing with offset distance has the similar travelling period and structural configuration etc. with push-down, deep layer and shallow-layer.
But the above method can only realize single observation point (prestack seismic gather or a seismic velocity spectrum) and one
Multiple wave identification on the line of observation (superposition seismic profile).But laterally quickly, multiple wave is in plane for transformation for subsurface structure and stratum
On also have the characteristics that it is strong heterogeneous, it is clear that the result of a single point and single line can not embody the feelings in entire earthquake work area completely
Condition.Therefore, a kind of method that the art needs significantly more efficient identification multiple wave.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this specification embodiment is to provide a kind of method and device for identifying multiple wave, significantly more efficient can know
Other multiple wave, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data after multiple wave compression process.
The method and device that this specification provides a kind of identification multiple wave includes that under type such as is realized:
A method of identification multiple wave, comprising:
Classification processing is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum in target work area, obtains target velocity classification；
The corresponding speed interval length of target velocity classification of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum is calculated, speed is obtained
The latitude of emulsion；
Latitude of emulsion attribute is extracted along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion, obtains latitude of emulsion slice；
Identification multiple wave is sliced using the latitude of emulsion.
In another embodiment of the method that this specification provides, the seismic velocity spectrum to target work area is carried out
Classification processing obtains target velocity classification, comprising:
Binary conversion treatment is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum image based on Otsu algorithm, obtains target velocity classification.
It is described that exhibition is extracted along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion in another embodiment of the method that this specification provides
Spend attribute, comprising:
According to it is default when window width in the object time layer latitude of emulsion average value of position, maximum value, root mean square, in integral it is a kind of or
Person is a variety of, determines the latitude of emulsion attribute of object time layer position.
It is described multiple using latitude of emulsion slice identification in another embodiment of the method that this specification provides
Wave, comprising:
The latitude of emulsion is sliced and carries out multiple spot smoothing processing, it is more according to the latitude of emulsion slice identification after the multiple spot smoothing processing
Subwave.
It is described to calculate in the seismic velocity spectrum with for the moment in another embodiment of the method that this specification provides
Between the corresponding speed interval length of target velocity classification, comprising:
The corresponding termination speed of target velocity classification of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum is determined according to preset rules
And initial velocity, wherein the preset rules include:
Have continuous multiple target velocity classifications behind the position of initial velocity, and/or, terminate before the position of speed have it is continuous more
A target velocity classification；
According to the difference for terminating speed and initial velocity, the speed latitude of emulsion is obtained.
In another embodiment of the method that this specification provides, the method also includes:
Latitude of emulsion slice before acquisition multiple wave compression process and after multiple wave compression process；
It will subtract each other before the multiple wave compression process with the latitude of emulsion slice after multiple wave compression process, obtain latitude of emulsion residual error and cut
Piece；
Evaluation multiple wave pressing result is sliced using the latitude of emulsion residual error.
On the other hand, this specification embodiment also provides a kind of device for identifying multiple wave, comprising:
Speed category determining module carries out classification processing for the seismic velocity spectrum to target work area, obtains target velocity
Classification；
Speed latitude of emulsion determining module, the target velocity classification for calculating the same time in the seismic velocity spectrum are corresponding
Speed interval length obtains the speed latitude of emulsion；
The latitude of emulsion is sliced extraction module, for extracting latitude of emulsion attribute along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion, obtains latitude of emulsion slice；
Multiple wave identification module, for utilizing latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave.
In another embodiment for the described device that this specification provides, the speed latitude of emulsion determining module, comprising:
Velocity location determination unit, for determining the target speed of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum according to preset rules
Spend the corresponding termination speed of classification and initial velocity, wherein the preset rules include:
Have continuous multiple target velocity classifications behind the position of initial velocity, and/or, terminate before the position of speed have it is continuous more
A target velocity classification；
Speed latitude of emulsion determination unit, for obtaining the speed latitude of emulsion according to the difference for terminating speed and initial velocity.
In another embodiment for the described device that this specification provides, the multiple wave identification module, comprising:
Multiple wave recognition unit carries out multiple spot smoothing processing for being sliced to the latitude of emulsion, is smoothly located according to the multiple spot
Latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave after reason.
In another embodiment for the described device that this specification provides, described device further include:
Latitude of emulsion residual error is sliced extraction module, for will cut before multiple wave compression process with the latitude of emulsion after multiple wave compression process
Piece subtracts each other, and obtains latitude of emulsion residual error slice.
A kind of method and device for identification multiple wave that this specification one or more embodiment provides, can pass through calculating
Spread of the energy group in speed transverse direction in seismic velocity spectrum obtains the speed latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum.It is then possible to extract along layer speed
Latitude of emulsion slice is spent, the multiple wave development degree and distribution situation in the plane of latitude of emulsion slice analysis earthquake work area are utilized.Utilize this
Each embodiment of specification, can significantly more efficient identification multiple wave, improve multiple wave compression process after seismic data noise
Than.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of this specification embodiment or technical solution in the prior art, below will to embodiment or
Attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
The some embodiments recorded in this specification, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in not making the creative labor property
Under the premise of, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the embodiment of the method for identification multiple wave that this specification provides；
The seismic velocity spectrum schematic diagram of certain CMP point in one embodiment that Fig. 2 provides for this specification；
The normal-moveout spectrum category division result schematic diagram of certain CMP point in another embodiment that Fig. 3 provides for this specification；
The speed latitude of emulsion schematic diagram of certain CMP point in another embodiment that Fig. 4 provides for this specification；
The forward and backward latitude of emulsion slice of multiple suppression and the latitude of emulsion are residual in another embodiment that Fig. 5 provides for this specification
Difference slice schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is a kind of modular structure schematic diagram of the Installation practice for identification multiple wave that this specification provides.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution in this specification, below in conjunction with this explanation
Attached drawing in book one or more embodiment carries out the technical solution in this specification one or more embodiment clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiment is only specification a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on saying
Bright book one or more embodiment, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all
The range of this specification example scheme protection all should belong in other embodiments.
Multiple wave usually makes primary reflection turn back again by the biggish reflecting interface of the certain reflection coefficients of earth's surface or underground
Underground is formed.The generation of multiple wave can cause various interference to seismic data, as multiple wave can interfere effective wave reflection
Signal and the signal-to-noise ratio for reducing data.When multiple wave interference is Chong Die with primary wave, so that effective reflection amplitude, frequency and phase
Position is distorted, and resolution ratio decline influences the reliability etc. of the seismic interpretations research such as seismic attribute abstraction, inverting.
At present in seismic data, the speed and periodic feature for being typically based on multiple wave are in normal-moveout spectrum, stacked section, earthquake
Multiple wave or evaluation pressing result are identified in prestack trace gather.Such as there are occur in low-speed energy group, CMP trace gather in normal-moveout spectrum
Dynamic school is insufficient, and increasing with offset distance has the similar travelling period and structural configuration etc. with push-down, deep layer and shallow-layer.But
The above method can only realize single observation point (prestack seismic gather or a seismic velocity spectrum) and a line of observation (superposition
Seismic profile) on multiple wave identification, but laterally quickly, multiple wave also has strong in the plane for transformation for subsurface structure and stratum
Heterogeneous feature, it is clear that the result of a single point and single line can not embody the case where entire earthquake work area completely.
Correspondingly, this specification embodiment provides a kind of method for identifying multiple wave, it can be by seismic velocity spectrum
Classification processing is carried out, speed spectrum is divided into background and target two types.It such as can be using the energy group on normal-moveout spectrum as mesh
Type is marked, using the background data including random noise, exceptional value etc. as background type.It can will be fast in this specification embodiment
Energy group in degree spectrum obtains target velocity classification by classification processing as target type.
It is then possible to acquisition speed spectrum in the same time the corresponding speed interval length of target velocity classification, according to this
Speed interval length determines the speed latitude of emulsion of corresponding time, to obtain three-dimensional velocity latitude of emulsion body.Later, destination layer can be extracted
The latitude of emulsion attribute of section obtains the latitude of emulsion slice of target interval, and the latitude of emulsion attribute may include the average value of the latitude of emulsion, maximum value,
Root etc..It is then possible to be sliced identification multiple wave using the latitude of emulsion.
The latitude of emulsion of the energy group in speed transverse direction is bigger on normal-moveout spectrum, then corresponding normal-moveout spectrum energy group more disperses, repeatedly
Wave development is more obvious.Meanwhile by the latitude of emulsion be sliced in latitude of emulsion data distribution can also further analyze multiple wave laterally point
Cloth feature.So as to significantly more efficient identification multiple wave, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data after improving multiple wave compression process.
Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment of the method flow diagram for identifying multiple wave that this specification provides.Although this theory
Bright book provides as the following examples or method operating procedure shown in the drawings or apparatus structure, but based on conventional or without wound
Less operating procedure or module list after the labour for the property made may include more in the method or device or part merging
Member.In the step of there is no necessary causalities in logicality or structure, the execution sequence of these steps or the module of device
Structure is not limited to this specification embodiment or execution shown in the drawings sequence or modular structure.The method or modular structure
Device, server or end product in practice is in application, can be according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings or module
Structure carry out sequence execution or it is parallel execute (such as parallel processor or multiple threads environment, even include distribution
Formula processing, server cluster implementation environment).
Specific one embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the method for the identification multiple wave that this specification provides one embodiment
In, the method may include:
S2: classification processing is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum in target work area, obtains target velocity classification.
The seismic velocity spectrum may include the normal-moveout spectrum determined according to the related coefficient of trace gather data in seismic processing.One
In a little embodiments, seismic velocity modal data can be remembered in such a way that the prestack CMP trace gather in seismic data process stores
It records, the corresponding normal-moveout spectrum of each CMP point in earthquake work area.Certainly, when it is implemented, can also using other road mode sets into
Row storage, here without limitation.
Fig. 2 is the normal-moveout spectrum before the compacting of the target work area area A CMP point multiple wave.As shown in Fig. 2, for CMP point
Normal-moveout spectrum can be seen as a m row × n column two-dimensional grid array, and X-direction coordinate is relative velocity percentage, Y
Direction coordinate is the time, and speed spectrum is the numerical value of related coefficient.In Fig. 2 gray scale be correlation coefficient value, value range be 0~
Between 1.Abscissa can use relative velocity percentage, and standard speed value can be with sets itself, by speed data divided by standard speed
Relative velocity percent data can be obtained in angle value；Ordinate is the time.The interval of relative velocity variation can be 1%, variation
Range is from 80% to 120%, transverse grid number m=41.Ordinate time interval is 4ms, and time span is longitudinal from 1.2s to 3s
Grid number n=450.Therefore, the normal-moveout spectrum of this CMP point includes 41 × 450=18450 mesh point numerical value.
It is then possible to carry out classification processing to the normal-moveout spectrum.Classification segmentation can be carried out to normal-moveout spectrum, as can be by institute
There is speed spectrum to be divided into background and target two types.Target category can be such as assigned a value of to 1, indicate seismic reflection on normal-moveout spectrum
Effective energy group is formed, as target velocity classification；Background classification is assigned a value of 0, indicates including random noise, exceptional value etc.
Background value.
In some embodiments, the normal-moveout spectrum for any one CMP point is the two-dimensional array of a m row × n column, can be with
It is seen as a 2-D gray image data.Image dividing processing can be carried out to it, determine that classification is 1 normal-moveout spectrum
Data, as target velocity classification.
Such as gray processing processing can be carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum in target work area, obtain seismic velocity spectrum gray level image, so
Afterwards, binary conversion treatment is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum gray level image, obtains target velocity classification.
Image binaryzation processing may include: that the gray level image pixel value of different brightness degrees is arranged based on preset threshold
It is 0 or 255.The binaryzation of image is conducive to being further processed for image, and image is made to become simply, to reduce data volume, convex
Show interested objective contour.Ideal bianry image in order to obtain, the general boundary definition using closing, connection do not overlap
Region, all gray scales be greater than or equal to threshold value pixel be judged to belonging to target object, gray value is set as 255, classification assignment
It is 1, as target velocity classification.Otherwise these pixels are excluded other than target object region, gray value 0, and classification is assigned
Value is 0, indicates the object area of background or exception.
In one embodiment of this specification, image dividing processing can be carried out to seismic velocity spectrum based on Otsu algorithm.
Otsu algorithm divides the image into target and background generally according to gamma characteristic, is divided using the inter-class variance between target and background
Classification.It calculates using each gray value as the inter-class variance of the segmentation of threshold value, then, the maximum value of inter-class variance is determined as threshold
Value.Acquired, processing technique and processing parameter etc. are many-sided influences, the energy and signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data are horizontal and vertical
On can change, the normal-moveout spectrum quality that will cause different location also has larger difference.And inter-class variance maximum value is corresponding
It is minimum to divide misclassification probability, so as to more accurate reasonable threshold value, improves and image dividing processing is carried out to normal-moveout spectrum
Effect.
The numerical value of the normal-moveout spectrum of one CMP point is sorted from small to large, and is denoted as gray value ci, i=1,2 ..., N.Its
Middle N is total Grid dimension, and N=m × n；M is the grid number of X-direction；N is the grid number of Y-direction.
The inter-class variance σ of this CMP spot speed spectrum is calculated according to formula (1)k, work as σkCorresponding gray value C when being maximizedk
It is set as threshold value.
In above formula, σkIndicate that inter-class variance, ci indicate that gray value, N indicate that total Grid dimension, k indicate serial number.
With gray value CkFor threshold value, normal-moveout spectrum is divided into 1 two categories of background 0 and target by formula (2):
In above formula, Ti,jIndicate normal-moveout spectrum classification, ci,jIndicate speed spectrum, CkIndicate threshold value.
Fig. 3 indicates to carry out the result schematic diagram after image segmentation using normal-moveout spectrum of the Otsu algorithm to Fig. 2, white in Fig. 3
Mesh point represents classification 1, indicates effective energy group on normal-moveout spectrum；Black mesh point represents classification 0, indicates ambient noise.
Optionally, in other embodiments, classification processing can also be carried out to normal-moveout spectrum using other methods such as threshold values.
Threshold value method can be by the size or the regularity of distribution of analysis normal-moveout spectrum numerical value, and choosing a fixed numbers is threshold value.Sentence
It is disconnected whether to be lower than threshold value, when speed spectral correlative coefficient is greater than the fixed numbers, it is set as classification 1, as target velocity class
Not；On the contrary, when speed spectral correlative coefficient is less than or when the fixed numbers, is set as classification 0.
S4: calculating the corresponding speed interval length of target velocity classification of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum, obtains
The speed latitude of emulsion.
The target velocity classification corresponding speed value at the time point can be obtained for any time point in seismic velocity spectrum
Section, using the length of the value interval as the time point corresponding speed latitude of emulsion.
As shown in figure 3, being all one by T for each time j1,j,T2,j,T3,j,...,Tm,jThe one-dimension array of composition,
Wherein m is the grid number of X-direction.To array T1,j,T2,j,T3,j,...,Tm,j, record the initial relative velocity of the appearance of classification 1
With the position for terminating relative velocity, the difference of relative velocity and initial relative velocity can will be terminated as the speed exhibition of time j
Angle value Ej.In normal-moveout spectrum classification trace gather Ti,jOn, node-by-node algorithm each time corresponding speed latitude of emulsion E sequentially in timej。
According to the above method, the normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion successively sought to the normal-moveout spectrum classification trace gather of each CMP point, available three
Tie up normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion body.
In one embodiment of this specification, the same time can be determined in the seismic velocity spectrum according to preset rules
The corresponding termination speed of target velocity classification and initial velocity, wherein the preset rules may include: the position of initial velocity
Continuous multiple target velocity classifications have been postponed, and/or, it terminates before the position of speed by continuous multiple target velocity classifications；Then,
The speed latitude of emulsion of corresponding time can be determined to the difference of initial velocity according to the termination speed.
As shown in figure 3, the chosen position of initial velocity can guarantee subsequent there is continuous multiple targets 1；The choosing of final speed
The position taken can guarantee that there are continuous multiple targets 1 in front, so as to avoid the appearance of Exception Type target 1, guarantee to obtain
The speed latitude of emulsion reasonability.
S6: latitude of emulsion attribute is extracted along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion and obtains latitude of emulsion slice, is sliced and is identified using the latitude of emulsion
Multiple wave.
Can according to it is default when window width extract the latitude of emulsion attribute of object time layer position, obtain object time layer position
Latitude of emulsion slice.The latitude of emulsion attribute may include average value, maximum value, the root mean square of the latitude of emulsion etc. in default window scope.From
And it can use latitude of emulsion slice plane figure to reflect the plane latitude of emulsion distribution of respective objects time horizon position, it is then possible to utilize exhibition
Degree slice identification multiple wave.
In some embodiments, object time layer position may include the time construction with some identical geological meaning
Layer position, is also possible to certain constant time value, and constant time slice corresponds to leveled time latitude of emulsion slice at this time.
Window width can be depending on the signal-to-noise ratio of normal-moveout spectrum, geologic objective scale when described.When window width it is bigger, along layer
Latitude of emulsion slice result average effect is stronger, and the signal-to-noise ratio of plan view is higher, resolution ratio is lower.For example, it is assumed that the noise of normal-moveout spectrum
It is relatively low, then window width when can suitably increase, to improve the resolution ratio for obtaining latitude of emulsion slice.
In one embodiment of this specification, can according to it is default when window width in object time layer position the latitude of emulsion it is average
It is value, maximum value, root mean square, one or more kinds of in integral, determine the latitude of emulsion attribute of object time layer position.
In one embodiment of this specification, the latitude of emulsion can be sliced and carry out multiple spot smoothing processing, according to described more
Latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave after point smoothing processing.Described be sliced to the normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion carries out multiple spot smoothing processing, can wrap
Include multi-point average, median filtering, mean filter etc..The latitude of emulsion is sliced and carries out multiple spot smoothing processing, can further be suppressed
Exceptional value, to improve the accuracy of subsequent multiple wave identification.
To the area A 3-D seismics work area, 2 normal-moveout spectrum of analysis chart is it is found that 2.2s deep layer below gradually appears on normal-moveout spectrum
There is stronger low-speed energy group in the left side of 100% relative velocity, show the multiple of certain energy in two speed trends
Wave development.There are the geological knowledges of strong energy multiple wave for this and the area A Cambrian system~Sinian Dengying group (between 2.2s~2.5s)
Unanimously.
To each CMP point, the latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum before multiple wave compression process is sought.Fig. 4 is corresponding to the same CMP of Fig. 2
The speed latitude of emulsion schematic diagram of point.As shown in Figure 4, as time depth increases, the latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum is gradually increased.2.4s~
The latitude of emulsion is maximum between 2.8s, can reflect on this CMP point in this time range there are the energy group of friction speed, instruction should
There are multiple wave developments in time range.
Fig. 5 indicates that the forward and backward latitude of emulsion slice of multiple suppression and latitude of emulsion residual error are sliced schematic diagram, wherein a in Fig. 5
Figure indicates that the latitude of emulsion slice before multiple suppression, the b figure in Fig. 5 indicate the latitude of emulsion slice after multiple suppression, the c figure in Fig. 5
Indicate latitude of emulsion residual error slice.
As shown in figure 5, further calculating 4 sections of the Sinian system lamp latitude of emulsion average value in certain predetermined in window width, extract
The latitude of emulsion of 4 sections of Sinian system lamp of latitude of emulsion average value attribute characterization is sliced.Meanwhile the latitude of emulsion of the latitude of emulsion average value attribute characterization is cut
Piece carries out median filter process, suppresses exceptional value.Final speed spectrum latitude of emulsion attribute plane result map is obtained, to obtain the interval
The latitude of emulsion be sliced (shown in a figure in Fig. 5).
Primary wave seismic reflection is mainly influenced by formation factor, and therefore, in identical geologic horizon, earthquake has similar
Reflectance signature, normal-moveout spectrum also has good similitude, and normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion size is identical.If existed in the geologic horizon
From the multiple wave seismic reflection of shallow-layer, in seismic velocity spectrum, since multiple wave velocity is lower than a wave velocity.Therefore meeting
Energy group is also formed in the low-speed region of an opposite wave velocity, so that energy group lateral distance on normal-moveout spectrum increases, i.e., it is fast
The degree spectrum latitude of emulsion becomes larger.Also, the multiple wave velocity of the bigger explanation of latitude of emulsion variation and primary wave speed difference are bigger.
By analyzing 4 sections of normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion slices of Sinian system lamp (a in Fig. 5 schemes) it is found that opening up on the inner plane of space
Degree is distributed from 0~10, and 6~10 high latitude of emulsion region occupied area is larger, illustrates that stronger multiple wave and cross are developed by the area
To being unevenly distributed.Analysis prediction multiple wave mainly concentrates major developmental region shown in arrow in a figure in Fig. 5.
This specification scheme provided by the above embodiment, can be by calculating the speed latitude of emulsion in seismic velocity spectrum, and along layer
The attribute value of the calculating speed latitude of emulsion is extracted and is sliced along the layer latitude of emulsion, develops journey using the multiple wave of latitude of emulsion slice analysis formation plane
Degree and cross direction profiles feature.So as to the multiple wave development degree and distribution characteristics of the analysis layer position from plane, improve more
The recognition effect of subwave, and then improve the effect of subsequent multiple wave compression process.
In another embodiment of this specification, it can also obtain before multiple wave compression process and multiple wave compression process
Latitude of emulsion slice afterwards will subtract each other with the latitude of emulsion slice after multiple wave compression process before the multiple wave compression process, obtain the latitude of emulsion
Residual error slice.It is then possible to be sliced evaluation multiple wave pressing result using the latitude of emulsion.
In the area A 3-D seismics work area, the latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum after multiple wave compression process has been sought, and has been used and multiple wave pressure
Identical method before system is handled is extracted 4 sections of Sinian system lamp of latitude of emulsion slice, as shown in the b figure in Fig. 5.And multiple wave pressure
System handles the latitude of emulsion residual error slice of forward and backward normal-moveout spectrum, as shown in the c figure in Fig. 5.
From the b figure in Fig. 5 it can be seen that after multiple suppression processing, latitude of emulsion lateral variation significantly becomes smaller, latitude of emulsion main body
Distribution drops between 0~6 from 0~10, illustrates that normal-moveout spectrum energy group is more concentrated, multiple wave is effectively suppressed.Fig. 5
In c figure be the forward and backward normal-moveout spectrum of multiple wave compression process latitude of emulsion residual error slice, the shadow of laterally upper geologic(al) factor can be eliminated
It rings, preferably reflects multiple wave suppression degree in space.Difference is bigger, and multiple wave suppression degree is bigger.In the c figure of Fig. 5
The big value region of the latitude of emulsion be the plane distribution situation of multiple wave muted.
Scheme provided by the above embodiment can use the forward and backward normal-moveout spectrum latitude of emulsion slice of multiple wave compression process or exhibition
Spend the plane point for the multiple wave that residual error slice, the effect of significantly more efficient assay multiple wave compacting, and analysis mute
Cloth situation.It is thus possible to which treatment people is instructed rationally to suppress the multiple wave in geologic data, the seismic data finally obtained is improved
Signal-to-noise ratio.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Specifically it is referred to
The description of aforementioned relevant treatment related embodiment, does not do repeat one by one herein.
It is above-mentioned that this specification specific embodiment is described.Other embodiments are in the scope of the appended claims
It is interior.In some cases, the movement recorded in detail in the claims or step can be come according to the sequence being different from embodiment
It executes and desired result still may be implemented.In addition, process depicted in the drawing not necessarily require show it is specific suitable
Sequence or consecutive order are just able to achieve desired result.In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing be also can
With or may be advantageous.
A kind of method for identification multiple wave that this specification one or more embodiment provides, can be by calculating earthquake speed
Degree composes upper spread of the energy group in speed transverse direction, obtains the speed latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum.It is then possible to extract along the interval velocity latitude of emulsion
Slice, utilizes the multiple wave development degree and distribution situation in the plane of latitude of emulsion slice analysis earthquake work area.Utilize this specification
Each embodiment, can significantly more efficient identification multiple wave, improve multiple wave compression process after seismic data signal-to-noise ratio.
Based on the method for identification multiple wave described above, this specification one or more embodiment also provides a kind of identification
The device of multiple wave.The device may include the system for having used this specification embodiment the method, software (application),
Module, component, server etc. simultaneously combine the necessary device for implementing hardware.Based on same innovation thinking, this specification embodiment
Device in one or more embodiments of offer is as described in the following examples.The implementation solved the problems, such as due to device with
Method is similar, therefore the implementation of the specific device of this specification embodiment may refer to the implementation of preceding method, repeats place not
It repeats again.Used below, the group of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function may be implemented in term " unit " or " module "
It closes.Although device described in following embodiment is preferably realized with software, the combination of hardware or software and hardware
Realization be also that may and be contemplated.Specifically, Fig. 6 indicates a kind of Installation practice for identification multiple wave that specification provides
Modular structure schematic diagram, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus may include:
Speed category determining module 102 can be used for carrying out classification processing to the seismic velocity spectrum in target work area, obtain mesh
Mark speed category；
Speed latitude of emulsion determining module 104 can be used for calculating the target velocity class of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum
Not corresponding speed interval length obtains the speed latitude of emulsion；
The latitude of emulsion is sliced extraction module 106, can be used for extracting latitude of emulsion attribute along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion, obtains the latitude of emulsion
Slice；
Multiple wave identification module 108 can be used for utilizing latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave.
Using the scheme of above-described embodiment, can from plane analysis layer position multiple wave development degree and distribution characteristics,
The recognition effect of multiple wave is improved, and then improves the effect of subsequent multiple wave compression process.
In another embodiment of this specification, the speed latitude of emulsion determining module 104 may include: that velocity location determines
Unit and speed latitude of emulsion determination unit, wherein
The velocity location determination unit can be used for determining in the seismic velocity spectrum the same time according to preset rules
The corresponding termination speed of target velocity classification and initial velocity, wherein the preset rules include:
Have continuous multiple target velocity classifications behind the position of initial velocity, and/or, terminate before the position of speed have it is continuous more
A target velocity classification；
The speed latitude of emulsion determination unit can be used for obtaining speed according to the difference for terminating speed and initial velocity
Spend the latitude of emulsion.
Using the scheme of above-described embodiment, it more accurate can reasonably determine the speed latitude of emulsion, improve subsequent multiple wave and know
Other accuracy.
In another embodiment of this specification, the multiple wave identification module 108 may include: that multiple wave identification is single
Member, wherein
The multiple wave recognition unit can be used for being sliced the latitude of emulsion progress multiple spot smoothing processing, according to described more
Latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave after point smoothing processing.
Using the scheme of above-described embodiment, influence of noise can be removed, further increases the accuracy of multiple wave identification.
In another embodiment of this specification, described device can also include: latitude of emulsion residual error slice extraction module,
In,
The latitude of emulsion residual error is sliced extraction module, and can be used for will be before multiple wave compression process and after multiple wave compression process
The latitude of emulsion slice subtract each other, obtain the latitude of emulsion residual error slice.
Using the scheme of above-described embodiment, the latitude of emulsion residual error slice evaluation multiple wave pressing result can use, and
Analyze the plane distribution situation of multiple wave.It is thus possible to which treatment people is instructed rationally to suppress the multiple wave in geologic data, improve
The signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data finally obtained.
It should be noted that device described above can also include other embodiment party according to the description of embodiment of the method
Formula.Concrete implementation mode is referred to the description of related method embodiment, does not repeat one by one herein.
A kind of device for identification multiple wave that this specification one or more embodiment provides, can be by calculating earthquake speed
Degree composes upper spread of the energy group in speed transverse direction, obtains the speed latitude of emulsion of normal-moveout spectrum.It is then possible to extract along the interval velocity latitude of emulsion
Slice, utilizes the multiple wave development degree and distribution situation in the plane of latitude of emulsion slice analysis earthquake work area.Utilize this specification
Each embodiment, can significantly more efficient identification multiple wave, improve multiple wave compression process after seismic data signal-to-noise ratio.
It should be noted that this specification device described above can also include according to the description of related method embodiment
Other embodiments, concrete implementation mode are referred to the description of embodiment of the method, do not repeat one by one herein.This explanation
Various embodiments are described in a progressive manner in book, and same and similar part refers to each other i.e. between each embodiment
Can, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.It is situated between especially for hardware+program class, storage
For matter+program embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so be described relatively simple, related place referring to
The part of embodiment of the method illustrates.
Although mentioned in this specification embodiment content such as target velocity classification, the speed latitude of emulsion obtain, definition, interaction,
The operations such as calculating, judgement and data description, still, this specification embodiment is not limited to comply with standard data mould
Situation described in type/template or this specification embodiment.Certain professional standards are retouched using customized mode or embodiment
On the practice processes stated embodiment modified slightly also may be implemented above-described embodiment it is identical, it is equivalent or it is close or deformation
Afterwards it is anticipated that implementation result.Using acquisitions such as these modifications or deformed data acquisition, storage, judgement, processing modes
Embodiment still may belong within the scope of the optional embodiment of this specification.
It is above-mentioned that this specification specific embodiment is described.Other embodiments are in the scope of the appended claims
It is interior.In some cases, the movement recorded in detail in the claims or step can be come according to the sequence being different from embodiment
It executes and desired result still may be implemented.In addition, process depicted in the drawing not necessarily require show it is specific suitable
Sequence or consecutive order are just able to achieve desired result.In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing be also can
With or may be advantageous.
System, device, module or the unit that above-described embodiment illustrates can realize by computer chip or entity, or
It is realized by the product with certain function.It is a kind of typically to realize that equipment is computer.Specifically, computer for example can be
Any equipment in personal computer, laptop computer, vehicle-mounted human-computer interaction device, tablet computer or these equipment
Combination.
For convenience of description, it is divided into various modules when description apparatus above with function to describe respectively.Certainly, implementing this
The function of each module can be realized in the same or multiple software and or hardware when specification one or more, it can also be with
The module for realizing same function is realized by the combination of multiple submodule or subelement etc..Installation practice described above is only
It is only illustrative, for example, in addition the division of the unit, only a kind of logical function partition can have in actual implementation
Division mode, such as multiple units or components can be combined or can be integrated into another system or some features can be with
Ignore, or does not execute.Another point, shown or discussed mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection can be logical
Some interfaces are crossed, the indirect coupling or communication connection of device or unit can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
It is also known in the art that other than realizing controller in a manner of pure computer readable program code, it is complete
Entirely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come so that controller with logic gate, switch, specific integrated circuit, programmable
Logic controller realizes identical function with the form for being embedded in microcontroller etc..Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and the structure that the device for realizing various functions that its inside includes can also be considered as in hardware component.Or
Person even, can will be considered as realizing the device of various functions either the software module of implementation method can be hardware again
Structure in component.
The present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention with the flow chart of computer program product and/or box
Figure describes.It should be understood that each process and/or the side in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in frame and flowchart and/or the block diagram.These computer program instructions be can provide to logical
With the processor of computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine
Device, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for realizing in process
The device for the function of being specified in figure one process or multiple processes and/or block diagrams one box or multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
In a typical configuration, calculating equipment includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interface, net
Network interface and memory.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want
There is also other identical elements in the process, method or equipment of element.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this specification one or more embodiment can provide as method, system or calculating
Machine program product.Therefore, this specification one or more embodiment can be used complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or
The form of embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.Moreover, this specification one or more embodiment can be used at one or
It is multiple wherein include computer usable program code computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage,
CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) on the form of computer program product implemented.
This specification one or more embodiment can computer executable instructions it is general on
It hereinafter describes, such as program module.Generally, program module includes executing particular task or realization particular abstract data type
Routine, programs, objects, component, data structure etc..This this specification one can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment
Or multiple embodiments, in these distributed computing environments, by being held by the connected remote processing devices of communication network
Row task.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be located at the local and remote computer including storage equipment
In storage medium.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for system reality
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ",
The description of " specific example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features described in conjunction with this embodiment or example, structure, material
Or feature is contained at least one embodiment or example of this specification.In the present specification, to the signal of above-mentioned term
Property statement must not necessarily be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the spy of description
Point may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other,
Those skilled in the art can be by different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
Feature is combined.
The foregoing is merely the embodiments of this specification, are not limited to this specification.For art technology
For personnel, this specification can have various modifications and variations.It is all made any within the spirit and principle of this specification
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the claims of this specification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for identifying multiple wave characterized by comprising
Classification processing is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum in target work area, obtains target velocity classification；
The corresponding speed interval length of target velocity classification of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum is calculated, speed exhibition is obtained
Degree；
Latitude of emulsion attribute is extracted along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion, obtains latitude of emulsion slice；
Identification multiple wave is sliced using the latitude of emulsion.
2. the method for identification multiple wave according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seismic velocity to target work area
Spectrum carries out classification processing, obtains target velocity classification, comprising:
Binary conversion treatment is carried out to the seismic velocity spectrum image based on Otsu algorithm, obtains target velocity classification.
3. it is according to claim 1 identification multiple wave method, which is characterized in that it is described according to the speed latitude of emulsion along layer
Extract latitude of emulsion attribute, comprising:
According to it is default when window width in the object time layer latitude of emulsion average value of position, maximum value, root mean square, in integral it is a kind of or more
Kind, determine the latitude of emulsion attribute of object time layer position.
4. the method for identification multiple wave according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to utilize latitude of emulsion slice identification
Multiple wave, comprising:
The latitude of emulsion is sliced and carries out multiple spot smoothing processing, it is multiple according to the latitude of emulsion slice identification after the multiple spot smoothing processing
Wave.
5. the method for identification multiple wave according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to calculate in the seismic velocity spectrum
The corresponding speed interval length of the target velocity classification of same time, comprising:
According to preset rules determine the same time in the seismic velocity spectrum the corresponding termination speed of target velocity classification and
Initial velocity, wherein the preset rules include:
There are continuous multiple target velocity classifications behind the position of initial velocity, and/or, there are continuous multiple mesh before terminating the position of speed
Mark speed category；
According to the difference for terminating speed and initial velocity, the speed latitude of emulsion is obtained.
6. the method for identification multiple wave according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
Latitude of emulsion slice before acquisition multiple wave compression process and after multiple wave compression process；
It will subtract each other before the multiple wave compression process with the latitude of emulsion slice after multiple wave compression process, obtain latitude of emulsion residual error slice；
Evaluation multiple wave pressing result is sliced using the latitude of emulsion residual error.
7. a kind of device for identifying multiple wave characterized by comprising
Speed category determining module carries out classification processing for the seismic velocity spectrum to target work area, obtains target velocity classification；
Speed latitude of emulsion determining module, for calculating the corresponding speed of target velocity classification of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum
Siding-to-siding block length obtains the speed latitude of emulsion；
The latitude of emulsion is sliced extraction module, for extracting latitude of emulsion attribute along layer according to the speed latitude of emulsion, obtains latitude of emulsion slice；
Multiple wave identification module, for utilizing latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave.
8. the device of identification multiple wave according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the speed latitude of emulsion determining module, packet
It includes:
Velocity location determination unit, for determining the target velocity class of same time in the seismic velocity spectrum according to preset rules
Not corresponding termination speed and initial velocity, wherein the preset rules include:
There are continuous multiple target velocity classifications behind the position of initial velocity, and/or, there are continuous multiple mesh before terminating the position of speed
Mark speed category；
Speed latitude of emulsion determination unit, for obtaining the speed latitude of emulsion according to the difference for terminating speed and initial velocity.
9. the device of identification multiple wave according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the multiple wave identification module, comprising:
Multiple wave recognition unit carries out multiple spot smoothing processing for being sliced to the latitude of emulsion, after the multiple spot smoothing processing
The latitude of emulsion slice identification multiple wave.
10. the device of identification multiple wave according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described device further include:
Latitude of emulsion residual error is sliced extraction module, for will be sliced phase with the latitude of emulsion after multiple wave compression process before multiple wave compression process
Subtract, obtains latitude of emulsion residual error slice.
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