CN109060873A - A kind of grain matter heat transmitting and condense parameter detection device and method - Google Patents
A kind of grain matter heat transmitting and condense parameter detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060873A CN109060873A CN201810920606.5A CN201810920606A CN109060873A CN 109060873 A CN109060873 A CN 109060873A CN 201810920606 A CN201810920606 A CN 201810920606A CN 109060873 A CN109060873 A CN 109060873A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/18—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/56—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content
- G01N25/66—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content by investigating dew-point
- G01N25/68—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating moisture content by investigating dew-point by varying the temperature of a condensing surface
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transmitting of grain matter heat and moisture condensation parameter detection device and the methods of the transmitting of grain matter heat and moisture condensation parameter detecting, the grain matter heat transmitting and moisture condensation parameter detecting include a cuboid simulated experiment storehouse, each wall surface in simulated experiment storehouse is inside and outside double-layer structure, and the internal layer of each wall surface surrounds a cuboid cavity；Two opposite bulkheads of simulated experiment storehouse are connected separately with cold source, heat source；Several sample taps and wall surface temperature detection mouth are respectively arranged on the cold and hot wall surface in simulated experiment storehouse；The cube of external heat source can be placed at centre in the lumen.The present invention can be used for detecting the damp and hot transfer law of grain and moisture condensation critical parameters, disclose the coupled relation of the matter hot transport phenomenon and the microenvironment factor of grain heap, improve foodstuff preservation condition to guidance, pre- anti-condensation reduces grain loss and is of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to foodstuff preservation fields, and in particular to a kind of grain matter heat transmitting detection device and measurement grain heap moisture condensation
The method of critical parameters.
Background technique
Existing about 1.5 hundred million tons of the stored grain in China, stored grain are national strategy demand safely.According to statistics, annual state of China
Family's stored grain loss late is about 0.5% ~ 1%, and loss amount is up to 75 ~ 150 if taking national reserved grain dynamic quantity as 1.5 hundred million tons of estimations
Ten thousand tons；The national annual grain storage loss late of peasant household is about 8%, and grain loss amount is up to 20,000,000 tons, and grain moisture condensation and fever mildew are
The main reason for causing grain loss, wherein grain moisture condensation is always the more difficult problem captured.
Currently, the domestic research about foodstuff preservation moisture condensation critical parameters is less, it is related to foodstuff preservation field multi- scenarios method
Basic research lag behind practical application and demand, the mathematical model simulation for being based purely on abstract hypothesis is difficult to instruct practical application
Demand.This project establishes a kind of grain matter heat biography on using for reference Research foundation both domestic and external, for the hot transport phenomenon of matter of grain heap
Detection device is passed, a variety of reservoir status of grain and different matter direction of heat transfer in the unit simulation grain depot, for detecting grain
Heat transfer law and moisture condensation critical parameters are eaten, the coupled relation of the matter hot transport phenomenon and the microenvironment factor of grain heap is disclosed.In conjunction with
Grain feelings are stored in China various regions, by heat and moisture transfer and the rule of distribution in research grain heap, solve in real storehouse grain storage
To the position of moisture condensation generation and the prediction of time and grain temperature variation tendency during hiding, guidance improves foodstuff preservation condition, right
It is all of great significance in reducing grain loss and economizing on resources.
Summary of the invention
Moist heat transfer rule in grain heap can be not only studied the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, grain heap knot can also be monitored
The grain matter heat revealed critical parameters and measure the method for grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters transmits detection device.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that, a kind of grain matter heat transmits detection device, including dress
Main body is set, described device main body is that a bottom surface is rectangular cuboid simulated experiment storehouse, and each wall surface in simulated experiment storehouse is equal
For inside and outside double-layer structure, a toroidal cavity (and not intercommunication), each wall are surrounded between the outer layer of each wall surface and the internal layer of each wall surface
An inner cavity is surrounded between the internal layer in face；Two opposite wall surfaces of simulated experiment storehouse are connected separately with cold source, heat source；Cold and hot wall surface
On be respectively arranged with several sample taps and temperature detection mouth.
Preferably, the long 1.2m of the exocoel, wide 0.9m, high 1.1m, the long 0.8m in inner cavity, wide 0.8m, the cube of high 1.0m
Simulated experiment storehouse, two 1.2m × 1.1m wall surfaces are hollow with a thickness of 20.0cm using hollow design, be separately connected cold source,
Heat source, referred to as cold wall face and hot wall face；Cold wall face and hot wall the face side between outer wall are equipped with the heat-insulation and heat-preservation material of 5.0cm
The distance between ectonexine of material, other side walls and warehouse lid is 5cm, and heat-insulating heat-preserving material is filled between the wall of 5cm, in warehouse
The side length that the cube of manufactured heat source can be placed is 20cm.
Preferably, the number for the wall surface temperature detection mouth being arranged on the cold and hot wall surface is 5, the grain sampling of setting
The number of mouth is equal 12,1 air inlet and 1 return air inlet；Warehouse lid top design has 2 reserved openings, places warm and humid cable.
Preferably, the wall surface temperature detection mouth is arranged as follows, wherein four wall surface temperature detection mouths
It is located at the quadrangle of wall surface, a remaining wall surface temperature detection mouth is located at wall surface center, and the temperature detection mouth of quadrangle is away from wall surface
Outer distance is 40cm, the distance away from silo roof or orlop is 16cm.
A method of measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters: the following steps are included:
1) workability of hot and cold pump is examined by setting the temperature of hot and cold pump different high temperature output end and low temperature output end
Can, after hot and cold pump regulator control system is stablized, high temperature output end and low temperature output end temperature are recorded respectively after setting high temperature and low temperature
Reach operating time when set temperature.If output end temperature within the scope of set temperature ± 0.5 DEG C, meets temperature adjustment requirement；
If output end temperature stablize after can constant temperature continue working duration not less than 1h, meet system stability requirement；
2) grain of different grain feelings parameters is installed in the lumen, and the height that institute's loading is eaten in inner cavity is 94cm, and 6 are installed in grain
The cable for measuring temperature of × 3 column of row, every cable for measuring temperature are disposed vertically from top to bottom, are provided with five from top to bottom on every cable for measuring temperature
A temperature measuring point is the first temperature measuring point, the second temperature measuring point, third temperature measuring point, the 4th temperature measuring point and the 5th temperature measuring point respectively；5th surveys
Distance of the warm spot apart from intracavity bottom be 12cm, the 4th temperature measuring point with the 5th temperature measuring point at a distance from be 18cm, third temperature measuring point and
The distance of 4th temperature measuring point is 18cm, and the second temperature measuring point is 18cm at a distance from third temperature measuring point, and the first temperature measuring point and second are surveyed
The distance of warm spot is 18cm；Grain temperature is measured at interval of 12h, records each temperature measuring point on Cooling and Heat Source output temperature and cable for measuring temperature
Temperature determines grain heat transfer rule；
3) 3 rows × 3 column hygrometric cable is installed in storehouse, there are three hygrometric points (to survey from top to bottom for every hygrometric cable in grain
Wet point places corresponding humidity sensor, and hygrometric point is the probe of humidity sensor), respectively upper layer hygrometric point, middle layer hygrometric
Point, lower layer's hygrometric point；For lower layer's wet point apart from intracavity bottom 36cm, hygrometric point in middle layer is 36cm at a distance from lower layer's hygrometric point, on
Layer hygrometric point is 18cm at a distance from middle layer hygrometric point, wherein 3 hygrometric cables are horizontally spaced at the 5cm of cold wall face
20cm is placed, and the horizontally spaced 20cm of grain heap is placed in the middle part of 3 hygrometric cables, and 3 hygrometric cables are at the 5cm of hot wall face
Horizontally spaced 20cm is placed；
4) moisture in storehouse close to hot wall reaches upper layer from hot wall lower layer, then again to cold wall direction under the drive of thermal current
Movement, meets low temperature, relative air humidity starts to increase, when relative air humidity increases to 100%, in cold wall near cold wall
Layer starts to condense.Therefore, the transfer law of humidity is that hot wall lower layer humidity is lower than hot wall upper layer humidity, and cold wall upper layer humidity is high
In cold wall lower layer humidity, cold wall humidity is higher than hot wall humidity, therefore cold wall upper layer humidity highest；
5) when cold wall upper layer humidity >=95%, and the moisture content of grain position rises suddenly, and is higher than corresponding temperature and humidity
Under 1 percentage point of grain equilibrium water conten or more, grain is no longer on adsorbed state, and in analysis state, can determine grain
Dew condensation phenomenon occurs；Grain temperature is measured at interval of 12h, records the temperature of each temperature measuring point on Cooling and Heat Source output temperature and cable for measuring temperature
With the moisture content of each hygrometric point, and grain moisture condensation phenomenon is observed.
Preferably, the grain is corn or paddy.
Preferably, the moisture content of the corn is 15.5% ± 0.2% or 14.8% ± 0.5%.
Preferably, the moisture content of the paddy is 15% ± 0.3% or 14.0 ± 0.3%.
Grain matter heat transmitting detection device of the invention, which can also be provided with one at centre in the lumen, can place heat source
Cube can be placed and be provided with an air inlet and a gas outlet on the cube of heat source, and grain is a variety of in simulation grain depot
Reservoir status and different matter direction of heat transfer.
Grain matter heat transmitting detection device of the invention can produce following effect:
The first, the hot and cold air circulated inside interlayer inside and outside 2 opposite walls of detection device, dimension are transmitted by grain matter heat
The grain heap temperature difference in the inner cavity of simulated experiment storehouse is held, to study aspectant matter heat transmitting.Or heat source cube is placed at grain heap center,
The temperature difference is formed at different location in grain heap, is transmitted with the matter heat for studying point to face.By the temperature sensor being distributed in grain heap, inspection
The temperature for surveying different parts in grain heap, when can obtain different grain kinds, the grain of different moisture content, the different temperature difference by calculating,
The heat transfer rule of different directions.
Second, the cold and hot sky circulated inside interlayer inside and outside 2 opposite walls of detection device is transmitted by grain matter heat
Gas maintains the grain heap temperature difference in the inner cavity of simulated experiment storehouse, by the Temperature Humidity Sensor being distributed in grain heap, detects different parts in grain heap
Temperature and grain water content, and further judge grain heap moisture condensation a possibility that, to obtain different grain kinds, different moisture content
The critical parameters that condense of grain, different temperatures and when temperature difference.
Third transmits what interlayer the inside inside and outside 2 opposite cold and hot bulkheads of detection device circulated by grain matter heat
Hot and cold air maintains the grain heap temperature difference in the inner cavity of simulated experiment storehouse, or places manufactured heat source in grain heap, the different positions in grain heap
The place of setting forms the temperature difference, by the humidity sensor being distributed in grain heap, detects the humidity of different parts and the water content of grain in grain heap,
When can obtain different grain kinds, the grain of different moisture content, the different temperature difference by calculating, the moisture transfer law of different directions.
Grain matter heat transmitting detection device of the invention can be used for detecting the damp and hot transfer law of grain and moisture condensation critical parameters,
The coupled relation for disclosing the matter hot transport phenomenon and the microenvironment factor of grain heap, the mathematical model for being based purely on abstract hypothesis are modeling
When real process may be assumed and be simplified, thus not can correctly reflect the actual state of grain in storehouse；Model foundation simultaneously
Also limited by the level of technical staff, modeling method etc., model can not surpassing personnel to the understanding deviation of problem；It establishes
Model is sometimes for paying higher cost；Relative to mathematical model, the operation of real storehouse obtain initial data accuracy it is higher, to reality
The effect of border guidance is stronger.Grain feelings are stored in conjunction with China various regions, may be tied under the conditions of the regional varying environment of each storage of simulation
The condition of dew finds what moisture condensation under the different temperature difference occurred by heat and moisture transfer and the rule of distribution in research grain heap
Time and position, it is right in time after grain surface sweating phenomenon occurs to be handled in time when grain is up to moisture condensation critical point
Grain face carries out that gravity-flow ventilation, force ventilation, to stir grain face Quick diffusing damp and hot, cooperates rationally switch door and window, warm and humid in surge bunker
Degree reduces grain loss in order to avoid causing mildew of further generating heat, this provides gross data for real storage hiding, to practical real storehouse
The safe storage of grain has guiding significance, solves during real storehouse foodstuff preservation to the position and time occurred that condense
The variation tendency of prediction and the mild water content of grain, guidance improve foodstuff preservation condition, provide for reducing grain loss and saving
Source is all of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the grain matter heat of the embodiment of the present invention 1 transmits the main view of detection device；
Fig. 2 is that the grain matter heat of the embodiment of the present invention 1 transmits the top view of detection device；
Fig. 3 is that the grain matter heat of the embodiment of the present invention 1 transmits the left view of detection device；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the cube warehouse of manufactured heat source in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Cable for measuring temperature places top view in inner cavity when Fig. 5 is measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Thermometric point sensor divides in cable for measuring temperature in grain heap when Fig. 6 is measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Cloth schematic diagram；
Hygrometric point sensor divides in hygrometric cable in grain heap when Fig. 7 is measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Cloth top view；
Hygrometric point sensor divides in hygrometric cable in grain heap when Fig. 8 is measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Cloth left view；
Fig. 9 becomes when being 1 higher moisture content corn storage temperature change of embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing close to hot wall face grain temperature
Change figure；
Median plane grain temperature variation in storehouse when 1 higher moisture content corn storage temperature change of Figure 10 embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing
Figure；
Figure 11 becomes when being 1 higher moisture content corn storage temperature change of embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing close to cold wall face grain temperature
Change figure；
Figure 12 be embodiment 1 in higher moisture content corn storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing when close to hot wall face grain temperature
Variation diagram；
Figure 13 be embodiment 1 in higher moisture content corn storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing when storehouse in median plane grain temperature
Variation diagram；
Figure 14 be embodiment 1 in higher moisture content corn storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing when close to cold wall face grain temperature
Variation diagram；
Figure 15 hot near wall grain temperature change when being 1 higher moisture content rice storage temperature change of embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing
Change figure；
Nearby grain temperature becomes median plane when Figure 16 is 1 higher moisture content rice storage temperature change of embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing
Change figure；
Figure 17 cold near wall grain temperature change when being 1 higher moisture content rice storage temperature change of embodiment and moisture condensation parameter testing
Change figure；
Figure 18 is higher moisture content rice storage temperature change and hot near wall grain temperature when moisture condensation parameter testing in embodiment 1
Variation diagram；
Figure 19 is higher moisture content rice storage temperature change and median plane neighbouring grain temperature when moisture condensation parameter testing in embodiment 1
Variation diagram；
Figure 20 is higher moisture content rice storage temperature change and cold near wall grain temperature when moisture condensation parameter testing in embodiment 1
Variation diagram；
Figure 21 is that 1 higher moisture corn moisture of embodiment changes and condense hot near wall moisture variation diagram when parameter testing；
Figure 22 is that 1 higher moisture corn moisture of embodiment changes and condense cold near wall moisture variation diagram when parameter testing；
Figure 23 is that 1 higher moisture paddy moisture of embodiment changes and condense hot near wall moisture variation diagram when parameter testing；
Figure 24 is that 1 higher moisture paddy moisture of embodiment changes and condense cold near wall moisture variation diagram when parameter testing.
Figure 25 is that internal gas flow flow schematic diagram in storehouse is simulated in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented
The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of grain matter heat transmits detection device, including apparatus main body, described device main body is one rectangular
Body simulated experiment storehouse 1, each side wall in simulated experiment storehouse 1 are that (outer layer 201 is insulating layer to inside and outside double-layer structure, by polystyrene
It is made), the sky for gas circulating is respectively enclosed between the outer layer 201 of front and rear sides wall surface and the internal layer 202 of each wall surface
Chamber 203 fills heat-insulating heat-preserving material, the internal layer of each wall surface between the outer layer 201 of left and right sides wall surface and the internal layer 202 of each wall surface
Between surround an inner cavity 3；It is connected with cold source (cold air) between bulkhead face internal layer 202 and outer layer 201 on front side of simulated experiment storehouse,
Referred to as cold wall face, cold wall face are equipped with the heat-insulating heat-preserving material of 5.0cm close to its 201 side of outer layer；It is opposite on rear side of simulated experiment storehouse
Bulkhead face ectonexine between be connected with heat source (hot-air), referred to as hot wall face；Hot wall face is equipped with close to its 201 side of outer layer
The heat-insulating heat-preserving material of 5.0cm is respectively arranged with 5 wall surface temperature detection mouths 4 and 12 on the cold and hot wall surface in simulated experiment storehouse
A grain sample tap 5, the grain samples in temperature stability and simulation storehouse to detect cold and hot wall surface.
The setting of temperature control device:
The Cooling and Heat Source of this experiment is made of a cold pump assembly, a heat pump unit respectively, the hot and cold air generated respectively by
Admission line respectively enters the cold and hot wall in simulation storehouse, cold and hot after hot and cold air after the cold and hot wall circulation (week) in simulation storehouse
Air-flow enters cold and hot compressor by the return air duct on cold and hot wall again, constitutes recycling for hot and cold air.
The simulated experiment storehouse 1 is long 1.2m, wide 0.9m, high 1.1m, and inner cavity 3 is long 0.8m, and wide 0.8m's, high 1.0m is vertical
Cube simulated experiment storehouse.Former and later two 1.2m × 1.1m wall surfaces are hollow with a thickness of 20.0cm using hollow design.Other storehouses
5cm fills heat-insulating heat-preserving material between wall, orlop, warehouse lid wall.
Four wall surface temperature detection mouths are located at the quadrangle of wall surface, a remaining wall surface in the wall surface temperature detection mouth
Temperature detection mouth is located at wall surface center, the temperature detection mouth of quadrangle away from wall surface outer distance is 40cm, away from silo roof or orlop away from
From for 16cm.By taking cold wall face as an example: the wall surface temperature detection mouth 4 in the most upper left corner is 40cm at a distance from the outer of cold wall face, with mould
The distance of the silo roof in draft experiment storehouse is 16cm；The wall surface temperature detection mouth 4 in the most upper right corner is 40cm at a distance from the outer of cold wall face,
With at a distance from the silo roof in simulated experiment storehouse be 16cm；The wall surface temperature detection mouth 4 in the most lower left corner is at a distance from the outer of cold wall face
It is 16cm at a distance from 40cm, with the orlop in simulated experiment storehouse；6 edges outside the wall surface temperature detection mouth 4 of last cell and cold wall face
It is 16cm that distance, which is at a distance from 40cm, with the orlop in simulated experiment storehouse), the height of each bulkhead in simulated experiment storehouse is 100cm.
The device is manufactured using stainless steel material, and wall each first will have a good thermal insulation property, cold and hot wall surface ectonexine it
Between be connected separately with cold source, heat source maintain the temperature difference, in storehouse formed an aspectant heat transfer system, simulate silo in grain heap
The temperature difference.
The method of measurement grain heap moisture condensation critical parameters: grain is installed in 1 inner cavity of simulated experiment storehouse, institute's loading is eaten in inner cavity
Height be 94cm, the cable for measuring temperature 7(that the column of 6 rows × 3 are installed in grain is classified as cold wall planar survey close to the one of cold source, close
The one of heat source is classified as hot wall planar survey, and intermediate one is classified as central planar survey), every cable for measuring temperature is placed vertically from top to bottom,
It is upper layer temperature that temperature measuring point there are five being arranged from top to bottom on every cable for measuring temperature, which is first the first temperature measuring point of temperature measuring point 701(respectively,
Degree, away from grain face 10cm), the second temperature measuring point 702, third temperature measuring point 703, the 4th temperature measuring point 704(second and third, four temperature measuring points it is average
Value be middle layer temperature) and the 5th temperature measuring point temperature of the 5th temperature measuring point 705(be lower layer's temperature)；5th temperature measuring point is apart from intracavity bottom
Distance be 12cm, the 4th temperature measuring point with the 5th temperature measuring point at a distance from be 18cm, third temperature measuring point is at a distance from the 4th temperature measuring point
For 18cm, the second temperature measuring point is 18cm at a distance from third temperature measuring point, and the first temperature measuring point is 18cm at a distance from the second temperature measuring point；
Grain temperature is measured at interval of 24 h, records the temperature of each temperature measuring point on Cooling and Heat Source output temperature and cable for measuring temperature, takes same row, together
The temperature averages of one height temperature measuring point are analyzed；
3 rows × 3 column hygrometric cable 8 is installed in storehouse, there are three hygrometric points (to survey from top to bottom for every hygrometric cable 8 in grain
Wet point places corresponding humidity sensor, and hygrometric point is the probe of humidity sensor), respectively upper layer hygrometric point 801, middle layer are surveyed
Wet point 802, lower layer's hygrometric point 803；Lower layer's hygrometric point 803 is apart from intracavity bottom 36cm, middle layer hygrometric point 802 and lower layer's hygrometric point
803 distance is 36cm, and upper layer hygrometric point 801 is 18cm at a distance from middle layer hygrometric point 802, wherein 3 hygrometric cables 8 are close
Horizontally spaced 20cm is placed at the 5cm of cold wall face, and 3 hygrometric cables 8 are put in the horizontally spaced 20cm of middle part grain heap
It sets, 3 hygrometric cables 8 horizontally spaced 20cm at the 5cm of hot wall face is placed；It measures and records each at interval of 24 h
The moisture content of hygrometric point takes the moisture content average value of same row, sustained height hygrometric point to be analyzed；
And observe grain moisture condensation phenomenon.
The Huang of Henan Province's production is chosen in measurement test one, high moisture content corn storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing
Corn is transferred to object of experiment moisture 15.5% ± 0.2% as sample, by Corn moisture content.It is 25.0 DEG C of (heat source temperature in the temperature difference
Degree 30.0 DEG C, 5.0 DEG C of sink temperature) seal storage under the conditions of, be sampled using 1 d as gap periods, thermometric, explore closely
The case where temperature field when like season alternation inside grain heap changes over time.Pass through the analysis to temperature and moisture data, research
High-moisture corn simulates the variation Yu distribution of temperature in storehouse, corn moisture condensation critical parameters in storage, and measurement result is as schemed
Shown in 9- Figure 11.
(1) grain temperature changes
As shown in figure 9, due to the influence of the cold and hot temperature difference, the temperature close to hot wall face grain is in rising trend in storage；
Median plane grain is on a declining curve, is basically stable at 15.8 DEG C or so in the 9th d；Close to the temperature short time of cold wall face grain
Simultaneously there is lamination in interior rapid decline, this is because Tiny pore movement can promote cold air to sink, and since the 5th d,
Temperature is basicly stable, and upper layer grain is at 10.0 DEG C or so, 5.0 DEG C or so of middle layer, 3.0 DEG C or so of lower layer.
As shown in Figure 10, the change of moisture content trend close to hot wall face and median plane grain is approximate, upper layer grain moisture content
Present ascendant trend, in, lower two layers be downward trend；Close to cold wall face grain moisture generally in ascendant trend, and
There is obvious lamination in 5th d, and the raised amplitude of upper water point is greater than middle layer, and the moisture of lower layer's grain is held essentially constant.
And reaching 17.49% close to cold wall face upper layer position grain moisture content, grain seed surface liquid water, dew condensation phenomenon occurs.
(2) condense parameter
As shown in figure 11, condense critical parameters are as follows: the cold and hot temperature difference be 25.0 DEG C of (30.0 DEG C of heat source temperatures, sink temperature 5.0
DEG C) under the conditions of store, the 5th d reaches 17.49% close to cold wall face grain upper layer moisture, increases 2 percentage points, seed surface
There is liquid water appearance, grain starts apparent dew condensation phenomenon occur, and dew-point temperature is 5.0 DEG C.
Measurement test two, higher moisture content corn storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing
The yellow maize of Henan Province's production is chosen as sample, higher moisture (14.8% ± 0.5%) is in 40 DEG C of (cold sources 0 of the temperature difference
DEG C, 40 DEG C of heat source) variation of grain temperature and the regularity of distribution and moisture condensation critical parameters in storage condition Imitating storehouse, measurement result is as schemed
Shown in 12-14.
(1) grain temperature changes
As shown in figs. 12-14, the grain heap temperature in storehouse close to hot wall face can rise with it, but since grain is the nonconductor of heat,
Grain temperature rises until to tending towards stability after 30 DEG C；Moisture close to hot wall face grain heap is in stable state downward trend always.It is central in storehouse
Then without substantially changeing, overall trend tends towards stability face grain heap temperature；And median plane grain heap is influenced by Tiny pore movement, it is whole aqueous
Amount fluctuation is larger, but relative to original water content substantially without significant change.In storehouse close to cold wall face grain heap temperature significantly
Decline, and the upper layer temperature influenced by cold-hot air convection is higher than the middle lower layer influenced due to cold air sinking, upper layer grain temperature is steady
Due to 10 DEG C, and in, lower layer be then stable at 4.2 DEG C and 2.2 DEG C.
(2) condense parameter
As shown in figure 14, condense critical parameters are as follows: the cold and hot temperature difference be 40.0 DEG C of (40.0 DEG C of heat source temperatures, sink temperature 0.0
DEG C) under the conditions of store, in 48h, reach 16.48% close to cold wall face grain upper layer moisture, increase 2 percentage points, seed surface
There is liquid water appearance, grain starts apparent dew condensation phenomenon occur, and dew-point temperature is 6.0 DEG C or so.
Three, high moisture content rice storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing
By study be stored in experiment simulation storehouse in moisture content be 15%(± 0.3%) high moisture content paddy moisture condensation process
Moisture condensation critical parameters in the changing rule and storage of middle temperature.By high moisture content rice storage in experiment simulation storehouse
Simulated storage experiment is carried out, the gas of 5 DEG C and 30 DEG C is each led into the bulkhead cavity of the left and right sides, changes the temperature of two bulkheads
Degree, makes to form certain temperature difference between two bulkheads, to make to simulate since the temperature difference forms damp and hot conduction in storehouse, measurement result is as schemed
Shown in 15- Figure 17.
(1) grain temperature changes
As shown in figure 15, three layers of grain temperature of the upper, middle and lower of hot near wall are presented apparent rise and become all at first 3 days of experiment beginning
Gesture, and the speed risen is slower and slower.From the 4th day, each layer grain temperature tended towards stability in storehouse, and hot near wall grain temperature reaches at this time
Balance.
As shown in figure 16, in the whole process, the variation basic synchronization of three layers of grain temperature of upper, middle and lower, but upper layer grain temperature is always slightly
Higher than middle layer, middle layer grain temperature a little higher than lower layer always.This is because there are also one layer of thin air layer, layers among paddy and warehouse lid
The temperature difference that the flowing of interior air forms cold and hot wall surface reduces, and upper layer temperature is made to be higher than lower layer.And lower layer is because by cold air
Influence, temperature be lower than middle layer.
As shown in figure 17, three layers of grain temperature of the upper, middle and lower of cold near wall are all in the case where the presentations in first 4 days that experiment starts are apparent
Drop trend, and decrease speed is slower and slower, from the 5th day, grain temperature tended towards stability, and cold near wall grain temperature reaches balance at this time.
(2) condense parameter
Experimental studies have found that the paddy that water content is 15.24%, is respectively 5 DEG C in cold and hot wall surface temperature in experiment simulation storehouse
When with 30 DEG C, the position that moisture condensation took place, and condenses from the 4th day is cold near wall upper layer.The temperature of paddy at this time
It is 13 DEG C, and the temperature in cold wall face remains 5 DEG C, that is, the temperature difference to condense is 8 DEG C.The water content of moisture condensation position paddy is 17%, i.e.,
The critical parameters of moisture condensation are as follows: the paddy of water content 15.24% is just locally tied in storehouse for 4 days in 5 DEG C and 30 DEG C of the temperature difference
Dew.
Four, higher moisture content rice storage temperature change and moisture condensation parameter testing
(1) grain temperature changes
As shown in figure 18, the temperature of hot near wall is integrally in apparent ascendant trend (time of 2d or so) testing early period.
Significant change no longer occurs for experiment mid-term temperature, and the temperature of final hot near wall reaches dynamic equilibrium.It can be obvious from figure
Find out that upper, middle and lower layer temperature changing trend is almost the same, but middle lower layer's temperature is apparently higher than upper layer.Upper layer equilibrium temperature is
33 DEG C, middle layer equilibrium temperature is 35 DEG C, and lower layer's equilibrium temperature is 35 DEG C.
As shown in figure 19, upper middle layer temperature is in experiment early period in apparent ascendant trend (time of 3d or so)；Lower layer's temperature
Degree is slightly decreased, but is not obvious.Significant change no longer occurs for experiment mid-term bulk temperature, and final temperature reaches dynamic equilibrium.
Upper layer equilibrium temperature is 24 DEG C, and middle layer equilibrium temperature is 21 DEG C, and lower layer's equilibrium temperature is 17 DEG C.
As shown in figure 20, the temperature near cold wall is in experiment early period in apparent downward trend (time of 2d or so).It is real
It tests mid-term bulk temperature and significant change no longer occurs, the temperature of final cold near wall reaches dynamic equilibrium.It can be bright from figure
Aobvious finds out that upper, middle and lower layer temperature changing trend is almost the same, but middle lower layer's temperature is significantly lower than upper layer.Upper layer equilibrium temperature
It is 8 DEG C, middle layer equilibrium temperature is 4 DEG C, and lower layer's equilibrium temperature is 3 DEG C.
(2) condense parameter
The inclined Paddy With High Moisture Content Stored that moisture content is 14.35%, when cold and hot wall surface temperature is respectively set to 0 DEG C, 40 DEG C, from
Start within second day dew condensation phenomenon occur, moisture condensation position occurs at the upper layer position of cold near wall, and grain temperature is 8 DEG C at this time, cold wall
Face temperature is 0 DEG C, and the moisture condensation temperature difference is 8 DEG C, and paddy moisture content is 16% when moisture condensation, this is facing for inclined Paddy With High Moisture Content Stored moisture condensation
Boundary's parameter, measurement result is as depicted in figures 18-20.
The hot near wall moisture variation of high moisture content corn storage
As shown in figure 21, larger, upper layer holding ascendant trend, under middle lower layer keeps integrally is fluctuated close to hot wall face grain moisture content
Drop trend.1st d upper, middle and lower-ranking grain moisture content is all 15.5% or so.To the 2nd d, close to hot wall face upper, middle and lower-ranking
Grain moisture content has the tendency that slightly rising, and moisture content respectively reaches 16.08%, 15.73%, 15.91%.This is because suitable
Suitable temperature enhances the respiration of grain, generates part H2O causes the moisture content of itself to increase.2nd ~ 9 d, on
Layer grain moisture content declines and is basically stable at 15.70% or so；Middle layer grain moisture content slightly fluctuates, but is also to drop to steadily
15.34%；Lower layer's moisture drops to 14.93% with higher rate, and fluctuation range is larger.Because being leaned on the continuous raising of temperature
Desorption has occurred in moisture in near-thermal wall surface grain, issues a large amount of aqueous vapor molecules.In addition under the influence of Tiny pore moves,
In, the moisture of lower grain shifted upwards with hot-air so that it is upper, in two layers of grain moisture content it is slowly varying.On 9th ~ 11 d,
In, the moisture of lower three layers of grain go up, to the 11st d after moisture downward trend is presented again, there are big ups and downs.
The cold near wall moisture variation of high moisture content corn storage
As shown in figure 22, the 1st ~ 3 d is basicly stable close to cold wall face Measurement for Grain Moisture Content, is not much different with moisture when putting in storage.3rd
~ 8 d separate existing more apparent growth trend close to cold wall face grain upper water, and increasing degree is larger；Middle layer grain moisture content increases
Long amplitude is smaller, but is also smoothly increasing；Lower layer's grain moisture content is then basicly stable, almost without big variation.9th d is cold
There is downward trend slightly in the moisture content of wall surface grain entirety.In the 10th high 2 percentages of d cold wall face upper water decilitre
Point, and have liquid water appearance, it is judged as that dew condensation phenomenon occurs for grain, middle layer grain moisture content increases 1 percentage point, lower layer's grain water
Dividing is in slight ascendant trend.Reach 20.06% to the 13rd upper layer d grain moisture content, middle layer grain point reaches 18.04%, lower layer's grain
Moisture reaches 16.25%, grain occurrence of large-area moisture condensation.Since the moisture of the corn at hot wall face and middle part generation is with damp and hot diffusion
Form, the air of hole and grain surface between corn kernel is diffused, and finally makes close to cold wall face
Corn moisture suction-operated occurs, biggish variation has occurred in moisture content.
The hot near wall moisture variation of high moisture content rice storage
As shown in figure 23, hot face upper layer moisture is first reduced to increase afterwards and finally be tended towards stability, and lower layer's moisture is on a declining curve, after experiment
Significant change no longer occurs for the phase, reaches dynamic equilibrium.After reaching stable state, lower layer's moisture content is lower than upper layer.
The cold near wall moisture variation of high moisture content rice storage
As shown in figure 24, the stable rising during the experiment of upper layer moisture, lower layer's moisture content are held essentially constant
It summarizes
When hot and cold air is passed through simulation two wall of storehouse by cold-heat pump, and grain heap is made to generate the temperature difference, on when gases are heated, they expand near hot wall
It rises, the gas near cold wall contracts on cooling decline, and the cold and hot wall surface in the upper and lower forms certain pressure difference, causes hot wall upper layer hot
Air flows to cold wall upper layer, and cold wall lower layer cold air stream produces the airflow circulating of grain heap periphery to hot wall lower layer.It is same with this
When, hot and cold gas move horizontally to form cold and hot peak face, but since hot and cold gas are expanded with heat and contract with cold and the influence of pressure difference, cause cold and hot
The inclination of peak face.When moisture near hot wall is flowed with thermal current, certain heat has been taken away.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of grain matter heat transmitting and moisture condensation parameter detection device, which is characterized in that described device main body is a cuboid
Simulated experiment storehouse, each wall surface in simulated experiment storehouse are inside and outside double-layer structure, surrounded between the internal layer of each wall surface one it is rectangular
Body cavity；Wherein opposite two wall surface inside and outside wall spacing are 20.0cm in simulated experiment storehouse, are separately connected cold source, heat source, referred to as
Cold wall face and hot wall face；Cold wall face and hot wall the face side between outer wall are equipped with the heat-insulating heat-preserving material of 5.0cm, warehouse its
Remaining two wall surfaces and orlop inside and outside wall spacing are 5.0cm, filling heat insulation preservation material；There are one can open with it is closed
The double-deck warehouse lid fills the heat-insulating heat-preserving material of 5.0cm between double-deck.
2. grain matter heat as described in claim 1 transmitting and moisture condensation parameter detection device, which is characterized in that outer wall long 1.2m, it is wide
0.9m, high 1.1m, the cube simulated experiment storehouse of internal chamber wall long 0.8m, wide 0.8m, high 1.0m, two 1.2m × 1.1m wall surfaces,
That is cold wall face and hot wall face, using hollow design, hollow with a thickness of 20.0cm, two hollow bulkheads, one connection cold source is logical
Cold air, another connection heat source lead to hot-air, and storehouse inner cavity can form an aspectant heat transfer system.
3. grain matter heat transmitting as claimed in claim 2 and moisture condensation parameter detection device, which is characterized in that cold and hot wall surface is respectively provided with
12 sample taps and 5 temperature detection mouths, 1 air inlet and 1 return air inlet；Warehouse lid top design has 2 reserved openings.
4. grain matter heat transmitting as claimed in claim 3 and moisture condensation parameter detection device, which is characterized in that the cold and hot wall surface temperature
Degree detection mouth is arranged as follows, wherein four wall surface temperature detection mouths are located at the quadrangle of wall surface, residue one
A wall surface temperature detection mouth is located at wall surface center, and the temperature detection mouth of quadrangle is 40cm, away from silo roof or storehouse away from wall surface outer distance
The distance at bottom is 16cm.
5. grain matter heat transmitting as described in claim 1 and moisture condensation parameter detection device, which is characterized in that be arranged in inner cavity in storehouse
There is the cube that can place external heat source, and is provided with an air inlet and a gas outlet on the cube, cube
The side length of body is 20cm, to study a little matter heat transfer to face.
6. detecting grain using the transmitting of grain matter heat described in claim 1-4 any claim and moisture condensation parameter detection device
The method of the transmitting of matter heat and moisture condensation parameter, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) workability of hot and cold pump is examined by setting the temperature of hot and cold pump different high temperature output end and low temperature output end
Can, after hot and cold pump regulator control system is stablized, high temperature output end and low temperature output end temperature are recorded respectively after setting high temperature and low temperature
Reach operating time when set temperature, if output end temperature within the scope of set temperature ± 0.5 DEG C, meets temperature adjustment requirement；
If output end temperature stablize after can constant temperature continue working duration not less than 1h, meet system stability requirement；
2) grain is installed in the lumen, and the height that institute's loading is eaten in inner cavity is 94cm, and 6 rows × 3 column thermometric is installed in grain
Cable, every cable for measuring temperature are disposed vertically from top to bottom, and there are five temperature measuring points for setting from top to bottom on every cable for measuring temperature, respectively
It is the first temperature measuring point, the second temperature measuring point, third temperature measuring point, the 4th temperature measuring point and the 5th temperature measuring point；5th temperature measuring point is apart from inner cavity
The distance of bottom is 12cm, and the 4th temperature measuring point is 18cm with the 5th temperature measuring point at a distance from, third temperature measuring point and the 4th temperature measuring point
Distance is 18cm, and the second temperature measuring point is 18cm at a distance from third temperature measuring point, and the first temperature measuring point is at a distance from the second temperature measuring point
18cm；Grain temperature is measured at interval of 12h, the temperature of each temperature measuring point on Cooling and Heat Source output temperature and cable for measuring temperature is recorded, determines grain
Eat heat transfer rule；
3) 3 rows × 3 column hygrometric cable is installed in storehouse, there are three hygrometric point is (wet from top to bottom for every hygrometric cable in grain
Spend the probe of sensor), respectively upper layer hygrometric point, middle layer hygrometric point, lower layer's hygrometric point；Lower layer's hygrometric point is apart from intracavity bottom
36cm, middle layer hygrometric point are 36cm at a distance from lower layer's hygrometric point, and hygrometric point in upper layer is 18cm at a distance from middle layer hygrometric point,
In 3 hygrometric cables horizontally spaced 20cm at the 5cm of cold wall face place, grain heap level side in the middle part of 3 hygrometric cables
Interval 20cm is placed upwards, and 3 hygrometric cables horizontally spaced 20cm at the 5cm of hot wall face is placed；
4) moisture in storehouse close to hot wall reaches upper layer from hot wall lower layer, then again to cold wall direction under the drive of thermal current
Movement, meets low temperature, relative air humidity starts to increase, when relative air humidity increases to 100%, in cold wall near cold wall
Layer starts to condense, and therefore, the transfer law of humidity is that hot wall lower layer humidity is lower than hot wall upper layer humidity, and cold wall upper layer humidity is high
In cold wall lower layer humidity, cold wall humidity is higher than hot wall humidity, therefore cold wall upper layer humidity highest；
5) when cold wall upper layer humidity >=95%, and the moisture content of grain position rises suddenly, is higher than corresponding temperature and wet
1 percentage point of grain equilibrium water conten or more under degree, grain is no longer on adsorbed state, and in analysis state, it can determine grain
Eat dew condensation phenomenon.
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| CN110286144A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-27 | 吉林大学 | A kind of grain heap moisture condensation prediction technique |
| CN111044177A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-21 | 梅雪竹 | Method and system for discovering artificial intelligent temperature inspection flaws in food industry |
| CN111149523A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Preservation method for corn stored in container |
| CN111307866A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-19 | 河南工业大学 | Grain condensation critical parameter judgment method |
| CN112304856A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-02 | 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 | Test device for tracking and detecting multi-factor coupling effect of grain pile and environment |
| CN113063524A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-02 | 武汉轻工大学 | Method for constructing temperature field of high-temperature abnormal area of horizontal warehouse by using limited temperature measuring points |
| CN113390463A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-14 | 河南工业大学 | Grain storage simulation multi-field coupling test platform |
| CN113702605A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for measuring in-bin drying moisture migration rule of grains |
| CN114216928A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-22 | 河南工业大学 | Simulation granary device for measuring airflow resistance and heat transfer characteristic of grain pile and measuring method |
| CN116818835A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-09-29 | 中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司 | Dew condensation judging method based on granary temperature |
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| CN113390463B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2023-01-24 | 河南工业大学 | Grain storage simulation multi-field coupling test platform |
| CN113702605A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for measuring in-bin drying moisture migration rule of grains |
| CN114216928A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-22 | 河南工业大学 | Simulation granary device for measuring airflow resistance and heat transfer characteristic of grain pile and measuring method |
| CN116818835A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-09-29 | 中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司 | Dew condensation judging method based on granary temperature |
| CN116818835B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-21 | 中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司 | Dew condensation judging method based on granary temperature |
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