CN109058353B - Automobile shock absorber assembly - Google Patents

Automobile shock absorber assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109058353B
CN109058353B CN201811074189.3A CN201811074189A CN109058353B CN 109058353 B CN109058353 B CN 109058353B CN 201811074189 A CN201811074189 A CN 201811074189A CN 109058353 B CN109058353 B CN 109058353B
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China
Prior art keywords
piston
cavity
oil
guide
buffer shell
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CN201811074189.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109058353A (en
Inventor
不公告发明人
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Zhejiang Gold intelligent suspension Co., Ltd
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Zhejiang Gold Intelligent Suspension Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
    • F16F9/0281—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile shock absorber assembly which comprises a buffer shell connected with a suspension, wherein the buffer shell is provided with a piston guide cavity, a central guide shaft is slidably arranged in the piston guide cavity and connected with a vehicle adapter plate, a guide cylinder is arranged in the piston guide cavity, a guide piston is arranged on a piston of the central guide shaft, a return spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, a piston compression cavity communicated with the piston guide cavity is arranged in the buffer shell, a compression piston is arranged at one end, extending into the buffer shell, of the central guide shaft, a gas energy storage cavity is arranged in the buffer shell and communicated with the piston compression cavity, the gas energy storage cavity is communicated with a gas outlet channel arranged in the buffer shell, the buffer shell is provided with an extending end, a dust cover is arranged between the vehicle adapter plate and the extending end, and a compression spring is arranged between the vehicle adapter plate and the buffer shell. The automobile shock absorber assembly has good application prospect and industrial production potential in the field of automobile industry.

Description

Automobile shock absorber assembly
The invention relates to a divisional application of a patent with the application number of 2016112229909 and the application date of 2016, 12 and 27, and the patent is named as an automobile shock absorber assembly.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shock absorber, in particular to an automobile shock absorber assembly, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical shock absorbers.
Background
In the automotive industry, in order to improve comfort, it is necessary to rapidly damp vibrations of the vehicle frame and the vehicle body, thereby improving the ride comfort and comfort of the vehicle. To achieve such effects and objectives, shock absorbers are generally installed in the suspension system of the automobile.
The working principle of the shock absorber is to suppress the shock when the spring rebounds after absorbing shock and the impact from the road surface, to counter the torsional vibration of the crankshaft (i.e. the phenomenon that the crankshaft twists due to the impact force of the cylinder ignition), and so on, thus achieving good shock absorption effect on the premise of not affecting the overall performance of the automobile, and being an important research content in the field of shock absorbers in the automobile industry.
Currently, many efforts have been made to research automobile shock absorbers, and thus have been applied to the automobile industry on a large scale. On the basis of various shock absorbers used at present, people still carry out more intensive researches on the shock absorbers and provide good technical reserve for the further development of the automobile shock absorbers. For example:
CN104343883A discloses an automobile shock absorber ware, including the cylinder body of taking the piston rod, be located main piston and the vice piston of cylinder body, main piston fix in piston rod one end, main piston and vice piston on all be provided with the draining hole, the both ends of cylinder body all be provided with damping device, vice piston pass through spring coupling on the main piston, main piston and vice piston between be provided with the cushion ball, the cylinder body be provided with the oil filler point, the impact to the cylinder body terminal surface is little during its use, the cylinder body is difficult for destroying.
CN104806684A discloses a shock absorber structure for an automobile, which includes a cylinder body, wherein the inner wall surface of the cylinder body is a smooth and flat structure, a piston is installed in the cylinder body, a push rod is inserted into the piston, a third cylinder cap is installed at the tail of the cylinder body, a first spring is installed between the third cylinder cap and the push rod, the third cylinder cap is a step-shaped structure, a shock tube is installed between the step surface of the third cylinder cap and the outer circumferential surface of the piston, and the outer circumferential surface of the shock tube is attached to the inner wall surface of the cylinder body; a piston rod is further arranged in the cylinder body, an energy absorption piston is arranged in the piston rod through a star ring, a second cylinder cap is arranged between the left end face of the piston rod and the head of the piston rod, a step is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the second cylinder cap, a positioning sleeve is arranged between the step surface of the second cylinder cap and the end surface of the vibration pipe, the outer circumferential surface of the second cylinder cap is attached to the inner wall surface of the cylinder body, and a gap is reserved between the inner circumferential surface of the positioning sleeve; and a cylinder cover is arranged on the piston rod positioned at the head part of the cylinder body, and a second spring is arranged between the right end of the energy absorption piston and the cylinder cover. The processing is convenient and the cost is low.
CN105134857A discloses an anti-shake type automobile shock absorber, which comprises a cylinder body, the piston rod, be equipped with the filling liquid in the cylinder body, still be equipped with the anti-shake shell in the outside of cylinder body, be equipped with the cavity on the inner wall of anti-shake shell, be equipped with the anti-shake spring in the cavity, be equipped with the connecting block in the outside of anti-shake spring, be equipped with the locating piece with connecting block matched with on the outer wall of cylinder body, be equipped with the fine motion extension spring between the bottom of cylinder body and the bottom of anti-shake shell, the bottom at the cylinder body is fixed to the one end of fine motion extension spring, the bottom at the anti-shake shell is fixed to the other end, still be equipped with the sealed lid with anti-shake shell matched with, be equipped with anti-shake buffer liquid in the anti. The shock absorber is simple in structure and convenient and fast to use, improves the use stability and use effectiveness of the shock absorber, reduces the manufacturing cost, improves the assembly efficiency, and is good in applicability and strong in practicability.
CN1052002097A discloses an automobile shock absorber structure, which comprises a rubber support, a sealing element, a working chamber, an inner tube, a piston rod, an outer tube, a protection tube, an oil storage chamber and a bottom valve; a protection pipe is arranged in the outer pipe, and an inner pipe is arranged in the protection pipe; a working chamber is arranged in the inner pipe; a rubber support is arranged at the top end of the outer pipe, a piston rod is arranged in the rubber support, and one end of the piston rod is arranged in the inner pipe; a sealing element is arranged on the surface of the piston rod, and one end of the piston rod is embedded into the piston; one side of the piston is provided with a bottom valve positioned on the side wall of the inner pipe; an oil storage chamber is arranged between the inner pipe and the protection pipe; compared with the prior art, the automobile shock absorber structure can play a role in reducing the shock of the automobile, has long service life and makes personnel in the automobile feel comfortable.
CN105240440A discloses an automobile shock absorber, including shock attenuation pole, the pole cover that the outside cover of shock attenuation pole bottom side was established, the pole cover establish in the outside of shock attenuation pole body lower part, shock attenuation pole and pole cover sliding fit, the pole cover axle center is equipped with the axle chamber of cooperation shock attenuation pole, the shock attenuation pole body that the pole cover corresponds is equipped with the annular tooth of arranging along shock attenuation pole length direction, be equipped with the gear of a plurality of cooperation teeth in the pole cover, the gear is along shock attenuation pole circumference evenly distributed, be equipped with the gear chamber of cooperation gear in the pole cover that corresponds, the axle chamber, the gear chamber communicates with each other, and the axle chamber, the interior viscidity hydraulic fluid that fills of gear chamber, the shock attenuation pole bottom is the piston structure of sphere, the inside Y type oil duct that is equipped with of piston structure, the shock attenuation pole body cover that the pole cover top corresponds establishes the spring, the shock attenuation is steady, the.
CN105370790A discloses an automobile shock absorber, which comprises: a supporting plate 1, a piston rod 2, a piston 3, a cylinder 9, a first restoring spring 4 and a permanent magnet 6, the support plate, the piston rod and the piston are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the permanent magnet is arranged at the outer top end of the cylinder body and fixedly connected with the cylinder body, the piston 3 is arranged in the cylinder body, the support plate is arranged above the upper surface of the cylinder body, the upper end of the piston rod penetrates through the upper part of the cylinder body, the first restoring spring is sleeved on the piston rod, and one end is connected with the supporting plate, and the other end is fixed at the top end of the cylinder body 8, so that the shock absorber overcomes the defects that after the shock absorber in the prior art is used for a long time, the problems that the damping effect is poor, the resilience of the damper is easy to lose efficacy and the service life is short can occur, thereby providing a long-term use shock attenuation effect lasting good, the bumper shock absorber resilience ability reinforce, long service life's automobile shock absorber ware moreover.
CN104074911A discloses an automobile shock absorber, which comprises a supporting plate, a piston, a shell, an exhaust valve, a permanent magnet and a restoring spring, wherein the supporting plate is arranged above the shell; the piston is arranged in the shell, and a piston rod which penetrates through the upper part of the shell and is fixedly connected with the supporting plate is arranged at the upper end of the piston; the permanent magnet is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the shell; the restoring spring is sleeved on the piston rod and is positioned between the support plate and the permanent magnet; the exhaust valve is arranged at the upper part of one side surface of the shell; an oil filling hole is formed in the upper part of the other side face of the shell; and an oil drainage hole is formed in the lower part of the shell. Compared with the prior art, the shock absorber has dual resilience capability, pollutants in the shock absorber can be timely discharged, smoothness of a shock absorber valve body is guaranteed, abrasion in the shock absorber is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
CN102853024A discloses an automobile shock absorber, which includes a first storage cylinder, a movable cylinder, a first piston rod, a first piston and a coil spring, wherein a first spring seat is fixed at one end of the first piston rod away from the first piston, and a second spring seat is fixed on the outer wall of the movable cylinder; the spiral spring is sleeved on the movable oil cylinder; the turning non-side-tipping adjusting mechanism comprises two second storage oil cylinders and two second piston rods, wherein two ends of each second piston rod respectively extend into the second storage oil cylinders from fourth through holes in the two second storage oil cylinders, the two second storage oil cylinders are connected through a connecting rod, and a moving part for moving the second piston rods is further fixed in the middle of each second piston rod. The shock absorber can effectively improve the control stability and riding comfort of the automobile in the running process; also, the rolling of the automobile during turning can be prevented.
As described above, although various automobile shock absorbers are disclosed in the prior art, there is still a need and a demand for continued research on automobile shock absorber assemblies, which not only has urgent research value, but also has good economic benefits and industrial application potential, which is the motivation and the foundation on which the present invention has been accomplished.
Disclosure of Invention
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to develop a shock absorber assembly for a vehicle, and after having paid much inventive efforts, have accomplished the present invention.
Specifically, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the automobile shock absorber assembly is designed and matched with each other through a unique structure, so that a plurality of beneficial technical effects are obtained, and the automobile shock absorber assembly has a good application prospect and industrial production potential in the field of automobile industry.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the automobile shock absorber assembly comprises a buffer shell connected with a suspension, the buffer shell is provided with a piston guide cavity, a central guide shaft is slidably mounted in the piston guide cavity and connected with a vehicle adapter disc, a guide cylinder is arranged in the piston guide cavity, a guide piston is arranged on a piston of the central guide shaft and slidably mounted in the guide cylinder, a reset spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, one end of the reset spring abuts against the guide piston, the other end of the reset spring abuts against the buffer shell, a piston compression cavity communicated with the piston guide cavity is arranged in the buffer shell, a compression piston is arranged at one end of the central guide shaft extending into the buffer shell, the compression piston is slidably mounted in the piston compression cavity, and a first air inlet channel communicated with the external atmosphere and the piston compression cavity is arranged in the buffer shell, a first air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the first air inlet channel, a gas energy storage cavity is arranged in the buffer shell and is communicated with the piston compression cavity through a second air inlet channel, a second air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the second air inlet channel, and the gas energy storage cavity is communicated with an air outlet channel arranged in the buffer shell;
the buffer shell is provided with an extending end extending towards the vehicle adapter plate, and the central guide shaft penetrates through the extending end;
a dust cover is arranged between the vehicle adapter disc and the extending end of the buffer shell, the part of the central guide shaft extending out of the buffer shell penetrates through the dust cover, and two ends of the dust cover are respectively connected with the vehicle adapter disc and the extending end in a sealing manner;
the dustproof cover is provided with a first fixed end connected with the vehicle adapter plate and a second fixed end connected with the buffer shell;
the vehicle transfer plate is provided with a top rubber pad, the end part of the first fixed end is connected to the top rubber pad in a sealing mode through sealant, the central guide shaft is in contact with the first fixed end, the first fixed end is of a solid structure, a through hole matched with the central guide shaft is formed in the position of the central guide shaft, and the end part of the second fixed end is mounted on the extending end in a sealing mode through sealant;
the vehicle switching dish with be equipped with compression spring between the buffer casing, compression spring's setting mode does: the vehicle adapter disc is fixedly provided with a first spring seat, the first spring seat is arranged on the rubber top pad, the buffer shell is fixedly provided with a second spring seat, the second spring seat is sleeved at the extending end, and the compression spring is clamped between the first spring seat and the second spring seat.
Through the structural design, 1, when the vehicle adapter plate is impacted, the central guide shaft retracts to compress the return spring, so that part of vibration is eliminated; and along with the retraction of the central guide shaft, the compression piston compresses the cavity in the piston compression cavity, so that the compressed air enters the gas energy storage cavity through the second air inlet one-way valve, and the shock absorption effect is further improved; 2. the compression spring can assist the buffer to play a role in damping, so that the oil pressure of lubricating oil during the damping of the buffer is reduced, the pressure fluctuation of a lubricating oil lubricating system is reduced, the extension and the restoration of the compression spring can be buffered and relaxed through the unique arrangement mode, the vibration is further weakened, and the riding comfort of a vehicle is improved; 3. the dust cover can prevent dust and other impurities from being attached to the central guide shaft, so that sealing elements such as an oil seal and a rubber ring are protected favorably, and the service life of the shock absorber is further prolonged; 4. the first fixing end is only provided with a through hole matched with the central guide shaft at the position of the central guide shaft, so that a sliding sealing structure is formed, and a good fixing effect and an elastic buffering effect are achieved; the end part of the second fixed end is hermetically arranged on the extending end through sealant, so that a good sealing effect is achieved; 5. the dust cover has played dustproof, ageing resistance on the one hand, and on the other hand has still played the elasticity cushioning effect, and in case the oil blanket of stretching out the end damages, the dust cover can also play sealed lubricating oil's effect in the third aspect.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, the air outlet channel can be connected with other lubricating pipelines; or it may be plugged with a plug when not in use.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferred technical scheme, a ventilation channel is arranged on the shell of the buffer, a ventilation hole is arranged on the guide cylinder and communicated with the ventilation channel, and the ventilation hole is positioned at one end of the guide cylinder, which is far away from the guide piston.
Through such structural design, can be so that the guide piston with communicate external atmosphere between the buffer casing, avoid the guide piston produces the backpressure when retracting to reduce energy loss, improved shock attenuation efficiency and effect.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferable technical scheme, an oil storage tank is arranged in the buffer shell, the oil storage tank is positioned on the outer side of the guide cylinder, one end of the guide cylinder, which is far away from the return spring, is provided with an oil inlet hole, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with the oil storage tank and the piston guide cavity.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferable technical scheme, an air supply channel is arranged in the buffer shell, the air supply channel is communicated with the oil storage tank and the gas energy storage cavity, and an air supply one-way valve limiting air to flow from the gas energy storage cavity to the oil storage tank is arranged in the air supply channel.
Through such structural design, can utilize energy in the gas energy storage intracavity will lubricating oil in the oil storage tank passes through the inlet port pump goes into piston direction chamber, the lubrication leading piston and center guiding axle to lubricating efficiency has been improved, need not extra energy consumption.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferred technical scheme, a front sealing piece and a rear sealing piece are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the piston guide cavity, the front sealing piece and the rear sealing piece are sleeved on the central guide shaft, a first oil return channel is arranged at one end, close to the front sealing piece, of the buffer shell, and the first oil return channel is communicated with the piston guide cavity.
In the vehicle shock absorber assembly of the present invention, as a preferable aspect, the front seal and the rear seal are preferably oil seals.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly according to the present invention, as a preferable technical solution, the front seal and the rear seal are both made of a rubber material or a polymer elastomer material.
The rubber material and the polymer elastic material are conventional materials, and may be various synthetic rubber materials and polymer elastomer materials (e.g., styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer materials, etc.), which will not be described in detail herein.
Through such a structural design, the front sealing piece and the rear sealing piece separate the central guide shaft from the buffer shell, and the front sealing piece and the rear sealing piece are made of rubber materials or high-molecular elastomer materials, so that the vibration of the central guide shaft can be buffered, and the buffer shell is prevented from being impacted by the central guide shaft to cause vibration aggravation.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferred technical scheme, a dustproof cover is fixed at the end part of the extension end, an oil seal is arranged in the extension end and is abutted against the dustproof cover, and the central guide shaft penetrates through the oil seal and the dustproof cover.
Through such structural design, the oil blanket will center guiding axle with it separates mutually to stretch out the end, can cushion the vibration of center guiding axle avoids the buffer housing receives the impact of center guiding axle and vibration aggravation to further improved buffering effect.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferred technical scheme, a spacer bush is arranged in the extending end, the spacer bush is sleeved outside the central guide shaft, the end part of the spacer bush is abutted against the oil seal, a lubricating oil cavity is arranged between the spacer bush and the extending end, the lubricating oil cavity is communicated with the oil storage tank through a second oil inlet channel, a second oil return channel is arranged at one end, close to the oil seal, of the lubricating oil cavity, the second oil return channel is communicated with the first oil return channel, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the spacer bush.
Through the structural design, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil cavity can enter the spacer sleeve to lubricate the central guide shaft, so that the lubricating effect is further improved, and the blocking phenomenon during the operation of the central guide shaft is avoided.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferable technical scheme, a guide block is arranged in the extending end, the guide block is fixed on the inner wall of the spacer bush, and a guide hole matched with the central guide shaft is formed in the guide block.
Through the structural design, on one hand, the guide block plays a supporting role, and the strength of the spacer bush is improved; on the other hand, the guide block plays a guiding role, and as is known, the longer the extension length of the central guide shaft is, the greater the deflection deformation of the central guide shaft can cause the central guide shaft to deviate from the axis in the expansion and contraction process, so that the damage to the sealing element is caused, and the service life of the sealing element is reduced, while the guide block becomes a fulcrum of the central guide shaft, so that the deflection deformation of the central guide shaft is reduced, and the service life of the shock absorber provided by the invention is further prolonged.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly, as a preferable technical solution, the dust cover is made of a rubber material or a polymer elastomer material.
The rubber material and the polymer elastic material are conventional materials, and may be various synthetic rubber materials and polymer elastomer materials (e.g., styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer materials, etc.), which will not be described in detail herein.
In the automobile shock absorber assembly according to the present invention, as a preferable technical solution, a compression cavity is provided between the first fixed end and the second fixed end in the shield, the central guide shaft penetrates through the compression cavity, and a cavity wall of the compression cavity is corrugated.
Through the structural design, the cavity wall of the compression cavity can realize elastic expansion, so that the shock absorption effect is achieved.
Of course, the compression spring may not be provided between the vehicle adapter plate and the damper housing, and there is no slight decrease in the non-damping effect and no increase in the oil pressure of the lubricating oil. The provision of such a compression spring is a further improvement and refinement.
As described above, the present invention provides a shock absorber assembly for a vehicle, which achieves various advantageous technical effects, such as:
1. because the return spring and the gas energy storage cavity which are associated with the central guide shaft are arranged, when the vehicle transfer disc is impacted, the central guide shaft retracts to compress the return spring and eliminate partial vibration, and the compression piston compresses air in the piston compression cavity along with the retraction of the central guide shaft, so that the compressed air enters the gas energy storage cavity through the second air inlet one-way valve to store energy, and the process also improves the damping effect; and due to the arrangement of the guide cylinder, the process is simpler and easier when the buffer shell is processed, only the inner wall of the guide cylinder needs to be subjected to finish machining, and in the using process, the guide cylinder can be independently replaced after being worn without replacing the whole buffer shell, so that the maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the buffer shell has good use value.
2. Because the buffer shell is provided with the ventilation channel, the outside atmosphere can be communicated between the guide piston and the buffer shell, the back pressure generated when the guide piston retracts is avoided, the energy loss is reduced, and the gas energy storage efficiency is improved.
3. Because both ends are equipped with preceding sealing member and back sealing member respectively around the piston direction chamber, separate central guiding axle and buffer casing through preceding sealing member and back sealing member to preceding sealing member and back sealing member all adopt rubber materials, can cushion the vibration of central guiding axle, avoid buffer casing to receive the impact of central guiding axle and vibrate the aggravation.
4. Because stretch out and be equipped with a guide block in the end, on the guide block was fixed in the inner wall of spacer sleeve, be provided with the guiding hole with central guiding axle looks adaptation on the guide block, on the one hand, the guide block has played the supporting role, has improved the intensity of spacer sleeve, and on the other hand, the guide block has played the guide effect.
5. Because the compression spring is arranged between the vehicle adapter plate and the buffer shell, the auxiliary buffer plays a role in shock absorption, so that the oil pressure of lubricating oil is reduced when the buffer absorbs shock, and the pressure fluctuation of a lubricating oil lubricating system is reduced.
6. The power of the lubricating oil system is provided by the gas energy storage cavity and can be supplied to and discharged from other lubricating points, the lubricating power is saved by means of impact force, the lubricating oil can be lubricated without frequently starting the lubricating oil pump, and the lubricating oil system has very important significance.
As described above, the invention provides an automobile shock absorber assembly, which obtains a plurality of beneficial technical effects through unique structural design and mutual cooperation, and has good application prospects and industrial production potentials in the field of automobile industry, and also has good popularization values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a shock absorber assembly for an automobile of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of B in FIG. 1;
wherein in fig. 1 to 3, each numerical reference refers to the following specific meanings, elements and/or components, respectively.
In the figure: 1. the vehicle adapter plate comprises a vehicle adapter plate, 2, a top rubber cushion, 3, a first spring seat, 4, a buffer shell, 401, a piston guide cavity, 402, a piston compression cavity, 403, a first air inlet channel, 404, an oil storage tank, 405, an air outlet channel, 406, a second air inlet channel, 407, an air supply channel, 408, an air permeable channel, 409, an air energy storage cavity, 410, a first oil return channel, 411, a second oil return channel, 5, a central guide shaft, 501, a guide piston, 502, a compression piston, 6, a guide cylinder, 601, an air permeable hole, 602, an oil inlet hole, 7, a return spring, 8, a dust cover, 801, a first fixed end, 802, a second fixed end, 803, a compression cavity, 9, an extension end, 901, a dust cover, 902, an oil seal, 903, a guide block, 904, a lubricating oil cavity, 10, a second spring seat, 11, a compression spring, 12, a first air inlet one-way valve, 13 and a second air inlet one-way valve, 14. air supply one-way valve 15, front sealing piece 16, rear sealing piece 17 and spacer bush.
It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only preferred embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other non-preferred embodiments.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. The use and purpose of these exemplary embodiments are to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the actual scope of the present invention in any way, and not to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3 together, the invention provides an automobile shock absorber assembly, which comprises a buffer shell 4 connected with a suspension, wherein the buffer shell 4 is provided with a piston guide cavity 401, a central guide shaft 5 is slidably mounted in the piston guide cavity 401, the central guide shaft 5 is connected with a vehicle adapter plate 1, a guide cylinder 6 is arranged in the piston guide cavity 401, a guide piston 501 is arranged on a piston of the central guide shaft 5, the guide piston 501 is slidably mounted in the guide cylinder 6, a return spring 7 is arranged in the guide cylinder 6, one end of the return spring 7 abuts against the guide piston 501, the other end of the return spring abuts against the buffer shell 4, a piston compression cavity 402 communicated with the piston guide cavity 401 is arranged in the buffer shell 4, a compression piston 502 is arranged at one end of the central guide shaft 5 extending into the buffer shell 4, and the compression piston 502 is slidably mounted in the piston compression cavity 402, a first air inlet channel 403 communicated with the outside atmosphere and the piston compression cavity 402 is arranged in the buffer shell 4, a first air inlet one-way valve 12 is arranged in the first air inlet channel 403, a gas energy storage cavity 409 is arranged in the buffer shell 4, the gas energy storage cavity 409 is communicated with the piston compression cavity 402 through a second air inlet channel 406, a second air inlet one-way valve 13 is arranged in the second air inlet channel 406, and the gas energy storage cavity 409 is communicated with an air outlet channel 405 arranged in the buffer shell 4;
the buffer shell 4 is provided with an extending end 9 extending towards the vehicle adapter plate 1, and the central guide shaft 5 penetrates through the extending end 9;
a dust cover 8 is arranged between the vehicle adapter plate 1 and the extending end 9 of the buffer shell 4, the part of the central guide shaft 5 extending out of the buffer shell 4 penetrates through the dust cover 8, and two ends of the dust cover 8 are respectively connected with the vehicle adapter plate 1 and the extending end 9 in a sealing manner;
the dust cover 8 is provided with a first fixed end 801 connected with the vehicle adapter plate 1 and a second fixed end 802 connected with the buffer shell 4;
the vehicle adapter plate 1 is provided with a top rubber cushion 2, the end part of the first fixed end 801 is connected to the top rubber cushion 2 in a sealing mode through a sealant, the central guide shaft 5 is in contact with the first fixed end 801, the first fixed end 801 is of a solid structure, a through hole matched with the central guide shaft 5 is formed in the position of the central guide shaft 5, and the end part of the second fixed end 802 is mounted on the extending end 9 in a sealing mode through the sealant;
be equipped with compression spring 11 between vehicle adapter plate 1 and the buffer casing 4, compression spring 11's mode of setting does: a first spring seat 3 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle adapter plate 1, the first spring seat 3 is mounted on the rubber top pad 2, a second spring seat 10 is fixedly mounted on the buffer shell 4, the second spring seat 10 is sleeved on the extending end 9, and a compression spring 11 is clamped between the first spring seat 3 and the second spring seat 10.
Through the structural design, 1, when the vehicle adapter plate 1 is impacted, the central guide shaft 5 retracts and compresses the return spring 7, so that part of vibration is eliminated; and with the retraction of the central guide shaft 5, the compression piston 502 compresses the cavity in the piston compression chamber 402, so that the compressed air enters the gas energy storage chamber 409 through the second air inlet one-way valve 13, and the shock absorption effect is further improved. The power of the lubricating oil system is provided by the gas energy storage cavity 409 and can be supplied to and discharged from other lubricating points, so that the lubricating power is saved, the shock absorber can eliminate vibration and store energy required by lubrication by means of impact force, and the lubricating oil system can realize lubrication without frequently starting a lubricating oil pump, and has very important significance; 2. the compression spring 11 assists the buffer to play a role in damping, so that the oil pressure of lubricating oil is reduced when the buffer damps the shock, and the pressure fluctuation of a lubricating oil lubricating system is reduced; by the unique arrangement mode, the extension and the recovery of the compression spring 11 can be more buffered and smoother, the vibration is further weakened, and the riding comfort of the vehicle is improved; 3. the dust cover 8 can prevent dust and other impurities from being attached to the central guide shaft 5, so that sealing elements such as an oil seal and a rubber ring are protected favorably, and the service life of the shock absorber is further prolonged; 4. the first fixing end 801 is provided with a through hole matched with the central guide shaft 5 only at the position of the central guide shaft 5, so that a sliding sealing structure is formed, and a good fixing effect and an elastic buffering effect are achieved; the end part of the second fixed end 802 is hermetically arranged on the extending end 9 through sealant, so that a good sealing effect is achieved; 5. dust cover 8 has played dustproof, ageing resistance on the one hand, and on the other hand has still played the elasticity cushioning effect, and in case the oil blanket that stretches out end 9 damages, dust cover 8 can also play the effect of sealed lubricating oil.
The air outlet channel 405 can be connected with other lubricating pipelines, and when the lubricating device is not used, the lubricating device can be plugged by plugging.
The buffer shell 4 is provided with a ventilation channel 408, the guide cylinder 6 is provided with a ventilation hole 601, the ventilation hole 601 is communicated with the ventilation channel 408, and the ventilation hole 601 is positioned at one end of the guide cylinder 6 far away from the guide piston 501.
Through such structural design, can be so that communicate external atmosphere between pilot piston 501 and the buffer casing 4, avoid pilot piston 501 to produce the backpressure when the withdrawal to reduce energy loss, improved shock attenuation efficiency and effect.
An oil storage tank 404 is arranged in the buffer shell 4, the oil storage tank 404 is located on the outer side of the guide cylinder 6, an oil inlet hole 602 is formed in one end, far away from the reset spring 7, of the guide cylinder 6, and the oil inlet hole 602 is communicated with the oil storage tank 404 and the piston guide cavity 401.
An air supply channel 407 is arranged in the buffer shell 4, the air supply channel 407 is communicated with the oil storage tank 404 and the gas energy storage cavity 409, and an air supply one-way valve 14 limiting air to flow from the gas energy storage cavity 409 to the oil storage tank 404 is arranged in the air supply channel 407.
Through the structural design, lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 404 can be pumped into the piston guide cavity 401 through the oil inlet hole 602 by utilizing the energy in the gas energy storage cavity 409, so that the guide piston 501 and the central guide shaft 5 are lubricated, the lubricating efficiency is improved, and extra energy consumption is not needed.
The front end and the rear end of the piston guide cavity 401 are respectively provided with a front sealing piece 15 and a rear sealing piece 16, the front sealing piece 15 and the rear sealing piece 16 are preferably oil seals, the front sealing piece 15 and the rear sealing piece 16 are sleeved on the central guide shaft 5, one end of the buffer shell 4 close to the front sealing piece 15 is provided with a first oil return channel 410, and the first oil return channel 410 is communicated with the piston guide cavity 401.
Through such structural design, separate central guiding axle 5 and bumper housing 4 mutually through preceding sealing member 15 and back sealing member 16 to preceding sealing member 15 and back sealing member 16 are rubber materials or polymer elastomer material, can cushion central guiding axle 5's vibration, avoid bumper housing 4 to receive central guiding axle 5's impact and vibration aggravation.
A dust cover 901 is fixed at the end of the extending end 9, an oil seal 902 is arranged in the extending end 9, the oil seal 902 abuts against the dust cover 901, and the central guide shaft 5 penetrates through the oil seal 902 and the dust cover 901.
Through such structural design, use oil blanket 902 to separate central guiding axle 5 with stretching out end 9 mutually, can cushion central guiding axle 5's vibration, avoid buffer housing 4 to receive central guiding axle 5's impact and vibration aggravation to further improve buffering effect.
A spacer 17 is arranged in the extending end 9, the spacer 17 is sleeved outside the central guide shaft 5, the end of the spacer 17 abuts against the oil seal 902, a lubricating oil cavity 904 is arranged between the spacer 17 and the extending end 9, the lubricating oil cavity 904 is communicated with the oil storage tank 404 through a second oil inlet channel, a second oil return channel 411 is arranged at one end, close to the oil seal 902, of the lubricating oil cavity 904, the second oil return channel 411 is communicated with the first oil return channel 410, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the spacer 17.
Through the structural design, lubricating oil in the lubricating oil cavity 904 can enter the spacer 17 to lubricate the central guide shaft 5, so that the lubricating effect is further improved, and the blocking phenomenon during the operation of the central guide shaft 5 is avoided.
A guide block 903 is arranged in the extending end 9, the guide block 903 is fixed on the inner wall of the spacer 17, and a guide hole matched with the central guide shaft 5 is formed in the guide block 903.
Through the structural design, on one hand, the guide block 903 plays a supporting role, and the strength of the spacer 17 is improved; on the other hand, the guide block 903 plays a guiding role, as is known, the longer the extension length of the central guide shaft 5 is, the greater the deflection deformation of the central guide shaft 5 can cause the central guide shaft 5 to deviate from the axis in the extension and retraction process, so that the damage to the sealing element is caused, and the service life of the sealing element is reduced, while the guide block 903 becomes a fulcrum of the central guide shaft 5, so that the deflection deformation of the central guide shaft 5 is reduced, and the service life of the shock absorber of the invention is further prolonged.
The dust cover 8 is made of rubber materials or high polymer elastomer materials. The rubber material and the polymer elastic material are conventional materials, and may be various synthetic rubber materials and polymer elastomer materials (e.g., styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer materials, etc.), which will not be described in detail herein.
A compression cavity 803 is arranged between the first fixing end 801 and the second fixing end 802 in the prevention cover, the central guide shaft 5 penetrates through the compression cavity 803, and the cavity wall of the compression cavity 803 is in a corrugated shape, so that elastic expansion and contraction can be realized, and the shock absorption effect is achieved.
As described above, the invention provides an automobile shock absorber assembly, which obtains a plurality of beneficial technical effects through unique structural design and mutual cooperation, and has good application prospects and industrial production potentials in the field of automobile industry, and also has good popularization values.
It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should also be understood that various alterations, modifications and/or variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the technical content of the present invention, and all such equivalents fall within the protective scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an automobile shock absorber ware assembly which characterized in that: the automobile shock absorber assembly comprises a buffer shell connected with a suspension, the buffer shell is provided with a piston guide cavity, a central guide shaft is slidably mounted in the piston guide cavity and connected with a vehicle adapter disc, a guide cylinder is arranged in the piston guide cavity, a guide piston is arranged on a piston of the central guide shaft and slidably mounted in the guide cylinder, a reset spring is arranged in the guide cylinder, one end of the reset spring abuts against the guide piston, the other end of the reset spring abuts against the buffer shell, a piston compression cavity communicated with the piston guide cavity is arranged in the buffer shell, a compression piston is arranged at one end of the central guide shaft extending into the buffer shell, the compression piston is slidably mounted in the piston compression cavity, and a first air inlet channel communicated with the external atmosphere and the piston compression cavity is arranged in the buffer shell, a first air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the first air inlet channel, a gas energy storage cavity is arranged in the buffer shell and is communicated with the piston compression cavity through a second air inlet channel, a second air inlet one-way valve is arranged in the second air inlet channel, and the gas energy storage cavity is communicated with an air outlet channel arranged in the buffer shell;
a ventilation channel is arranged on the shell of the buffer, a ventilation hole is arranged on the guide cylinder and communicated with the ventilation channel, and the ventilation hole is positioned at one end of the guide cylinder far away from the guide piston;
the buffer shell is provided with an extending end extending towards the vehicle adapter plate, and the central guide shaft penetrates through the extending end;
a dust cover is arranged between the vehicle adapter disc and the extending end of the buffer shell, the part of the central guide shaft extending out of the buffer shell penetrates through the dust cover, and two ends of the dust cover are respectively connected with the vehicle adapter disc and the extending end in a sealing manner;
the dustproof cover is provided with a first fixed end connected with the vehicle adapter plate and a second fixed end connected with the buffer shell; the vehicle transfer plate is provided with a top rubber pad, the end part of the first fixed end is connected to the top rubber pad in a sealing mode through sealant, the central guide shaft is in contact with the first fixed end, the first fixed end is of a solid structure, a through hole matched with the central guide shaft is formed in the position of the central guide shaft, and the end part of the second fixed end is mounted on the extending end in a sealing mode through sealant;
the vehicle switching dish with be equipped with compression spring between the buffer casing, compression spring's setting mode does: a first spring seat is fixedly installed on the vehicle adapter disc, the first spring seat is installed on the rubber top pad, a second spring seat is fixedly installed on the buffer shell, the second spring seat is sleeved on the extending end, and the compression spring is clamped between the first spring seat and the second spring seat; a compression cavity is arranged between the first fixed end and the second fixed end in the dust cover, the central guide shaft penetrates through the compression cavity, and the cavity wall of the compression cavity is in a corrugated shape.
2. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 1, wherein: an oil storage tank is arranged in the shell of the buffer, the oil storage tank is located on the outer side of the guide cylinder, an oil inlet hole is formed in one end, far away from the reset spring, of the guide cylinder, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with the oil storage tank and the piston guide cavity.
3. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 2, wherein: the buffer is characterized in that a gas supply channel is arranged in the buffer shell and is communicated with the oil storage tank and the gas energy storage cavity, and a gas supply check valve for limiting gas to flow to the oil storage tank from the gas energy storage cavity is arranged in the gas supply channel.
4. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 3, wherein: the front end and the rear end of the piston guide cavity are respectively provided with a front sealing piece and a rear sealing piece, the front sealing piece and the rear sealing piece are sleeved on the central guide shaft, one end, close to the front sealing piece, of the buffer shell is provided with a first oil return channel, and the first oil return channel is communicated with the piston guide cavity.
5. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 4, wherein: the end part of the extending end is fixedly provided with a dustproof cover, an oil seal is arranged in the extending end and abuts against the dustproof cover, and the central guide shaft penetrates through the oil seal and the dustproof cover.
6. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 5, wherein: the oil seal structure is characterized in that a spacer sleeve is arranged in the extending end and sleeved outside the central guide shaft, the end part of the spacer sleeve abuts against the oil seal, a lubricating oil cavity is arranged between the spacer sleeve and the extending end and communicated with the oil storage tank through a second oil inlet channel, a second oil return channel is arranged at one end, close to the oil seal, of the lubricating oil cavity, the second oil return channel is communicated with the first oil return channel, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the spacer sleeve.
7. The vehicle shock absorber assembly of claim 6, wherein: the guide block is fixed on the inner wall of the spacer bush, and a guide hole matched with the central guide shaft is formed in the guide block.
CN201811074189.3A 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 Automobile shock absorber assembly Active CN109058353B (en)

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CN201611222990.9A CN106594146B (en) 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 A kind of automobile absorber assembly

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