CN109057865A - A kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109057865A CN109057865A CN201811268804.4A CN201811268804A CN109057865A CN 109057865 A CN109057865 A CN 109057865A CN 201811268804 A CN201811268804 A CN 201811268804A CN 109057865 A CN109057865 A CN 109057865A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring systems, including server, communication equipment and monitoring module；Monitoring module is connect by communication equipment with server communication；Server includes communication dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server；The present invention provides using novel multimedia ring of light network switch, leads concurrent industrial field bus and full digital intelligence sensor more, and the data active reporting of subsurface environment monitoring, unrepeatered transmission distance is long, and real-time is high, strong antijamming capability；Carried out data transmission using standard communication protocol；On the basis of existing coal mine safety monitoring system, the control functions such as the degree of protection of sensor and perfect alarm, power-off are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal mine downhole safety monitoring technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Coal Mine underground safety monitoring system
System.
Background technique
Coal is one of the main energy sources in China, and coal production has very important work in the national economy in China
With thereby it is ensured that coal mine downhole safety is particularly important.
In Mine Production, because the air of underground coal mine is limited, and usually contains various toxic, pernicious gases,
Therefore the air on ground must be endlessly transported to each operating location in underground, to supply staff's breathing, ensures well
The health and labor safety of lower staff.And traditional coal mine roadway air quantity information monitoring system is clicked through in each monitoring
Row wind quantity test inputs the change curve that computer generates air quantity daily by the air quantity data of special messenger's timing acquiring each point daily
And report, such measurement needs monitoring personnel frequently to commute construction site, large labor intensity, and measurement error is big.
Safety of coal mines problem is mainly due to caused by gas explosion.Gas is a kind of inflammable and explosive pernicious gas, is
The main component of mine gas, and since the gas permeability in coal seam is low, is not easy the extraction before exploitation, and it is prominent that gas easily occurs for when digging
Occur as.Therefore, timely and accurately under monitoring well coal mine gas information situation of change, for safety of coal mines, personal safety and environment
Protection is of great significance to.And traditional measurement method is surveyed using gas meter or in each monitoring site arrangement gas
Examination inputs change curve and report that computer generates gas daily by the gas data of special messenger's timing acquiring each point daily, this
The measurement of sample needs monitoring personnel frequently to commute construction site, large labor intensity, and measurement error is big.
When underground coal mine something lost coal obtain it is good leak out oxygen supply and accumulation of heat condition when, will cause in underground coal mine lose coal from
So, may scaling loss equipment, cause underground that fire even harm such as gas explosion occurs, seriously affect the life of underground work personnel
Order safety and national resources.Therefore the temperature and humidity information of real-time monitoring underground coal mine carries out underground coal mine natural combustion of remaining coal
Prediction has great significance.And poor in timeliness, the low efficiency of traditional underground safety monitoring system data monitoring, monitoring device
Interference free performance is poor, scalability is poor, and maintenance cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, coal mine downhole safety monitoring system provided by the invention solves existing peace
Full monitoring is the problem of low efficiency, anti-interference difference and scalability difference.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system,
Including server, communication equipment and monitoring module；
The monitoring module is connect by communication equipment with server communication；
The server includes communication dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server；
The communication equipment includes several 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards；
The dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server access one ten thousand by communication bus
Million multimedia switchboards；
It is successively communicated to connect between 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboard, and forming topological structure is that cricoid 10,000,000,000 optical fiber is double
Looped network, the monitoring module access 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring nets by cable；
The monitoring module includes several groups monitoring device, and monitoring device described in every group passes through cable and two more than 10,000,000,000
Media switch connection, and forming topological structure is cricoid underground industrial field bus ring.
Further, the underground work and environmental data that the communication dispatch server is used to be uploaded according to monitoring device,
Carry out the schedule of staff；
Subsurface environment of the monitoring server for Real Time Monitoring monitoring device to upload monitors and operation number
According to；
The data monitoring server is used to store the data note of backup monitoring server and communication dispatch server
Record；
The 10000000000 optical fiber dual ring net is as the data transmission medium between monitoring module and server group；
The monitoring device is mounted on underground, is used for real-time monitoring subsurface environment and work data, and will monitor number
Server is uploaded to when factually.
Further, monitoring device described in every group includes new digital sensor and analog sensor；
The analog sensor accesses underground industrial field bus ring by KZC18 signal adapter；
The new digital sensor include switch/cutoff instrument, full digital intelligence sensor, LPWAN radio network gateway and
Digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal；
Switch/the cutoff instrument accesses underground industrial field bus ring, full digital intelligence by KZC18 signal adapter
Sensor, LPWAN radio network gateway and digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal access underground industrial field bus ring by cable.
Further, the full digital intelligence sensor includes motherboard and several function sensing probes；
Each function sensing probe passes through Communication of Optical Fibre Protection interface and connect with motherboard；
The function sensing probe includes temperature and humidity sensing probe, laser methane sensing probe, carbonomonoxide concentration sensing
Probe and smokescope sensing probe.
Further, 4 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces of SPF, 20 SPF thousand are provided on each 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboard
Million photoelectricity hybrid interfaces, 5 RJ45 interfaces, 4 RS485 interfaces, 4 CAN interfaces and 8 FXS interfaces.
Further, the 10000000000 optical fiber dual ring net includes gigabit ring and 10,000,000,000 rings；
It connects to form 10,000,000,000 rings by single mode optical fiber between 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces being connected on two multimedia switchboards；
It connects to form thousand by single mode optical fiber between the SPF gigabit photoelectricity hybrid interface being connected on two multimedia switchboards
Million rings.
Further, the digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal accesses the FXS interface on 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards by cable；
The LPWAN radio network gateway accesses the RJ45 interface on 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards by cable；
Switch/the power-off, analog sensor and full digital intelligence sensor access 10,000,000,000 multimedias by cable and hand over
RS485 interface or CAN interface on changing planes.
Further, it is inlaid with display screen on the motherboard of the full digital intelligence sensor, communication is provided in motherboard
Unit, power supply unit and main control unit；
The model ARM946T of the main control chip of the main control unit；
The main control chip model NRF2401 of the communication unit；
The power supply unit is connect by power interface with underground power supply used power supply；The power supply unit includes power protection electricity
Road and soft starting circuit.
The invention has the benefit that coal mine downhole safety monitoring system provided by the invention is by the novel multimedia ring of light
Network switch leads concurrent industrial field bus and full digital intelligence sensor more, in the data active of subsurface environment monitoring
Report, unrepeatered transmission distance is long, and real-time is high, strong antijamming capability；Carried out data transmission using standard communication protocol；Existing
On the basis of coal mine safety monitoring system, the control functions such as the degree of protection of sensor and perfect alarm, power-off are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is coal mine downhole safety monitoring system structure chart in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is full digital intelligence sensor structure chart in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is power protecting circuit figure in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is soft starting circuit figure in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring web frame figures in embodiment provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system, including server, communication equipment and monitoring module；
Monitoring module is connect by communication equipment with server communication；
Server includes communication dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server；
Communication equipment includes several 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards；
Dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server access one more than 10,000,000,000 by communication bus
Media switch；
It is successively communicated to connect between 10000000000 multimedia switchboards, and forming topological structure is cricoid 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring
Net, monitoring module access 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring nets by cable；
Monitoring module includes several groups monitoring device, and every group of monitoring device passes through cable and exchange with two 10,000,000,000 multimedias
Machine connection, and forming topological structure is cricoid underground industrial field bus ring.
Wherein, the underground work and environmental data that communication dispatch server is used to be uploaded according to monitoring device, work
The schedule of personnel；
Subsurface environment of the monitoring server for Real Time Monitoring monitoring device to upload monitors and work data；
Data monitoring server is used to store the data record of backup monitoring server and communication dispatch server；
10000000000 optical fiber dual ring nets are as the data transmission medium between monitoring module and server group；
Monitoring device is mounted on underground, is used for real-time monitoring subsurface environment and work data, and monitoring data are real
When be uploaded to server.
Above-mentioned every group of monitoring device includes new digital sensor and analog sensor；
Analog sensor accesses underground industrial field bus ring by KZC18 signal adapter；
New digital sensor includes switch/cutoff instrument, full digital intelligence sensor, LPWAN radio network gateway and number
Broadcast intercommunication terminal；
Switch/cutoff instrument accesses underground industrial field bus ring, full digital intelligent sensing by KZC18 signal adapter
Device, LPWAN radio network gateway and digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal access underground industrial field bus ring by cable.
As shown in Fig. 2, there is full digital intelligence sensor excellent structure to design in the present invention, using motherboard plus several
The structure of a function sensing probe designs, and is applicable to various types of sensor；Wherein, each function sensing probe is equal
It is connect by Communication of Optical Fibre Protection interface with motherboard；Each function sensing probe includes temperature and humidity sensing probe, laser methane biography
Sense probe, carbonomonoxide concentration sensing probe and smokescope sensing probe etc., specific function sensing probe setting can basis
Underground actual environment data monitoring replace；It is inlaid with display screen on the motherboard of full digital intelligence sensor, uses
Communication unit, power supply unit and main control unit are provided in the environmental data of display function sensing probe monitoring, in motherboard；Master control
The model ARM946T of the main control chip of unit；The main control chip model NRF2401 of communication unit；Power supply unit passes through electricity
Source interface is connect with underground power supply used power supply；Power supply unit includes power protecting circuit and soft start as shown in Figure 4 as shown in Figure 3
Circuit.Intelligence sensor has the advantages that when digital
1) strong antijamming capability: local sampling, coding transmission have fault tolerant mechanism；
2) real-time is high: by the direct active transmission of sensor to server, real-time is high；
3) transmission range is long；
4) intelligent: intelligent both-way communication can be managed for configuration it by server；
5) adjustment management: Self management calibration and adjustment are practical, expire and report prompting automatically, exceed the time limit to alert；
6) fault diagnosis: having the function of equipment self-inspection, and power supply is soft to be opened and automatic fault isolation, reports automatically；
7) long-haul telemetry, remote control and remote signalling can be achieved；
8) high score sample: utilize its high real-time, analyzed by data, can to risk data unusual fluctuations analysis and early warning,
Such as methane prediction, reduce off-flavor move early warning；
9) there is clock and data local storage function, 2 hours curve datas and 7 days alert datas can be locally stored.
Above-mentioned LPWAN radio network gateway covers a variety of applications, and it is fixed to can be used as wireless sensor, intercom and personnel/vehicle
Bit identification card；Above-mentioned digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal, can be square using common mining communication cable using totally digitilized bus type connection
Just extend to working face, can be realized underground broadcast with intercommunication, underground local zone broadcast intercommunication, intelligent sound remind with
Linkage, music and security knowledge broadcast with give the correct time, and for IP5 grades protect, can water proof and dust proof,
It is mixed that 4 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces of SPF, 20 SPF gigabit photoelectricity are provided on above-mentioned each 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboard
Splice grafting mouth, 5 RJ45 interfaces, 4 RS485 interfaces, 4 CAN interfaces and 8 FXS interfaces.
If Fig. 5 illustrates the concrete structure diagram of 10,000,000,000 optical networks, 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring nets include gigabit ring and 10,000,000,000 rings；Phase
Even connect to form 10,000,000,000 rings by single mode optical fiber between 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces on two multimedia switchboards；Be connected two multimedias
It connects to form gigabit ring by single mode optical fiber between SPF gigabit photoelectricity hybrid interface on interchanger；Digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal
The FXS interface on 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards is accessed by cable；LPWAN radio network gateway accesses 10,000,000,000 multimedias by cable and hands over
RJ45 interface on changing planes；Switch/power-off, analog sensor and full digital intelligence sensor access more than 10,000,000,000 matchmakers by cable
RS485 interface or CAN interface on body interchanger.
Above-mentioned 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboard is integrated with transmission substation, RS485 gateway, observing and controlling substation, CAN bus gateway, IP
The function of telephony gateway and optical fiber switch has the characteristics that the big energy of small stature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the course of work and principle of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system are provided: being pressed
Each component part in system is mounted on suitable position according to the above method, and the activation system work that is powered, setting exist
The new digital sensor of underground coal mine and the environment and work data of analog sensor real-time monitoring underground, and according to server
The time threshold of middle setting periodically sends monitoring environmental data data to server, carries out data processing to it by server, sentence
Breaking, whether it is more than the data threshold of setting, if being broadcasted immediately by digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal more than data threshold,
Staff is notified to withdraw mine rapidly, if not up to given threshold, the data record that server uploads this, and divided
Analysis, judges that current data distance reaches the time of the data threshold of setting, and the job placement of worker personnel is carried out according to the time,
Ensure the safety of underground operators.Meanwhile when the data of monitoring device monitoring are more than the data threshold of setting, switch/disconnected
Electric instrument automatically cuts off down-hole power, avoids having an accident.
The invention has the benefit that coal mine downhole safety monitoring system provided by the invention is by the novel multimedia ring of light
Network switch leads concurrent industrial field bus and full digital intelligence sensor more, in the data active of subsurface environment monitoring
Report, unrepeatered transmission distance is long, and real-time is high, strong antijamming capability；Carried out data transmission using standard communication protocol；Existing
On the basis of coal mine safety monitoring system, the control functions such as the degree of protection of sensor and perfect alarm, power-off are improved.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system, which is characterized in that including server, communication equipment and monitoring module；
The monitoring module is connect by communication equipment with server communication；
The server includes communication dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server；
The communication equipment includes several 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards；
The dispatch server, monitoring server and data monitoring server access one more than 10,000,000,000 by communication bus
Media switch；
It is successively communicated to connect between 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboard, and forming topological structure is cricoid 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring
Net, the monitoring module access 10,000,000,000 optical fiber dual ring nets by cable；
The monitoring module includes several groups monitoring device, and monitoring device described in every group passes through cable and two 10,000,000,000 multimedias
Interchanger connection, and forming topological structure is cricoid underground industrial field bus ring.
2. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the communication dispatch server is used
In the underground work and environmental data that upload according to monitoring device, the schedule of staff is carried out；
Subsurface environment of the monitoring server for Real Time Monitoring monitoring device to upload monitors and work data；
The data monitoring server is used to store the data record of backup monitoring server and communication dispatch server；
The 10000000000 optical fiber dual ring net is as the data transmission medium between monitoring module and server group；
The monitoring device is mounted on underground, is used for real-time monitoring subsurface environment and work data, and monitoring data are real
When be uploaded to server.
3. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that monitoring device described in every group includes
New digital sensor and analog sensor；
The analog sensor accesses underground industrial field bus ring by KZC18 signal adapter；
The new digital sensor includes switch/cutoff instrument, full digital intelligence sensor, LPWAN radio network gateway and number
Broadcast intercommunication terminal；
Switch/the cutoff instrument accesses underground industrial field bus ring, full digital intelligent sensing by KZC18 signal adapter
Device, LPWAN radio network gateway and digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal access underground industrial field bus ring by cable.
4. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the full digital intelligent sensing
Device includes motherboard and several function sensing probes；
Each function sensing probe passes through Communication of Optical Fibre Protection interface and connect with motherboard；
The function sensing probe includes temperature and humidity sensing probe, laser methane sensing probe, carbonomonoxide concentration sensing probe
With smokescope sensing probe.
5. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that each 10,000,000,000 multimedia is handed over
4 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces of SPF are provided on changing planes, 20 SPF gigabit photoelectricity hybrid interfaces, 5 RJ45 interfaces, 4 RS485 connect
Mouth, 4 CAN interfaces and 8 FXS interfaces.
6. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the 10000000000 optical fiber dual ring net packet
Include gigabit ring and 10,000,000,000 rings；
It connects to form 10,000,000,000 rings by single mode optical fiber between 10,000,000,000 optical interfaces being connected on two multimedia switchboards；
It connects to form gigabit by single mode optical fiber between the SPF gigabit photoelectricity hybrid interface being connected on two multimedia switchboards
Ring.
7. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the digital broadcasting intercommunication terminal
The FXS interface on 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards is accessed by cable；
The LPWAN radio network gateway accesses the RJ45 interface on 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards by cable；
Switch/the power-off, analog sensor and full digital intelligence sensor access 10,000,000,000 multimedia switchboards by cable
On RS485 interface or CAN interface.
8. coal mine downhole safety monitoring system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the full digital intelligent sensing
It is inlaid with display screen on the motherboard of device, communication unit, power supply unit and main control unit are provided in motherboard；
The model ARM946T of the main control chip of the main control unit；
The main control chip model NRF2401 of the communication unit；
The power supply unit is connect by power interface with underground power supply used power supply；The power supply unit include power protecting circuit and
Soft starting circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811268804.4A CN109057865A (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | A kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811268804.4A CN109057865A (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | A kind of coal mine downhole safety monitoring system |
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ID=64767662
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| CN112127953A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 怀化新大地电脑有限公司 | Mine monitoring system |
| CN112925368A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 徐州华讯科技有限公司 | Mine comprehensive automation device and using method |
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| CN112127953A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 怀化新大地电脑有限公司 | Mine monitoring system |
| CN113049746A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-29 | 东营市悦凯石油装备有限公司 | Gas early warning monitoring device for coal mine safety production and use method thereof |
| CN112925368A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 徐州华讯科技有限公司 | Mine comprehensive automation device and using method |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |