CN109054759B - Phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109054759B
CN109054759B CN201810749768.7A CN201810749768A CN109054759B CN 109054759 B CN109054759 B CN 109054759B CN 201810749768 A CN201810749768 A CN 201810749768A CN 109054759 B CN109054759 B CN 109054759B
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nano graphene
octadecane
graphene sheets
composite material
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CN109054759A (en
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李静
蔡迪
焦乃勋
李猛
孙宽
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Chongqing University
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    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
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    • C09K5/063Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: completely melting the n-octadecane solid subjected to drying pretreatment; the second step is that: adding the nano graphene sheets and the hyperdispersant into liquid-phase n-octadecane in proportion to obtain a mixed suspension; the third step: stirring by a stirrer to uniformly mix the suspension; the fourth step: putting the uniformly mixed suspension into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic oscillation to enable the nano graphene sheets to form a stable three-dimensional heat conduction network structure in the n-octadecane; the fifth step: naturally cooling the suspension obtained in the fourth step to be solidified to obtain a phase-change composite material which takes the n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets; the invention can be widely applied to the fields of energy sources and the like.

Description

Phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a phase-change composite material, in particular to a phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The phase change material absorbs or releases phase change latent heat in the phase change process, and is a medium for realizing phase change energy storage. Compared with a sensible heat material, the phase change material has high latent heat storage density and can quickly absorb and release a large amount of heat under the condition of approximate constant temperature. Meanwhile, the phase-change material also has the advantages of proper phase-change temperature, small volume, large phase-change latent heat value, easy control and the like. However, the phase-change material generally has the disadvantage of low thermal conductivity, which causes the low conversion efficiency of the system for storing heat by the phase-change material, and the heat cannot be stored and released quickly.
In order to improve the heat conductivity of the phase change material, a high heat conductivity substance is usually added to the phase change material. Graphene has a two-dimensional planar structure and excellent heat conduction performance, and is the most ideal two-dimensional nanomaterial at present. Research results show that the graphene can obviously improve the heat-conducting property of the phase-change material. How to perfectly combine nano graphene with n-octadecane to prepare an excellent composite phase-change material is a challenge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem of low thermal conductivity of the phase-change energy storage material in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing a phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: completely melting the n-octadecane solid subjected to drying pretreatment;
the second step is that: adding the nano graphene sheets and the hyperdispersant into liquid-phase n-octadecane in proportion to obtain a mixed suspension;
the third step: stirring by a stirrer to uniformly mix the suspension;
the fourth step: putting the uniformly mixed suspension into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic oscillation to enable the nano graphene sheets to form a stable three-dimensional heat conduction network structure in the n-octadecane;
the fifth step: and naturally cooling the suspension obtained in the fourth step to be solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets.
According to the invention, through the oscillation of the ultrasonic cleaning machine, the preliminarily mixed phase-change material suspension is fully mixed, and the uniformly mixed nano graphene sheets are more likely to form a stable three-dimensional heat-conducting network structure, so that the heat conductivity is favorably improved.
According to the invention, the hyper-dispersant is added to effectively help the nano graphene sheets to be uniformly dispersed in the liquid-phase n-octadecane, and the stability of the composite phase-change material is greatly improved. The hyper-dispersant adopted by the invention is a polymer containing amine anchoring groups, and belongs to a non-polar hyper-dispersant. After the hyper-dispersant is added into the composite phase-change material, the hyper-dispersant can wrap the surface of the nano graphene sheet to form an adsorption layer, and the self lipophilic long chain is contacted with the liquid-phase octadecane, thereby being beneficial to the long-term uniform and stable dispersion of the nano graphene sheet in the liquid-phase octadecane.
According to the preferable scheme of the preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets, in the second step, the ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 15-1: 200.
According to the preferable scheme of the preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets, the nano graphene sheets are of a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheet comprises n-octadecane and the nano graphene sheet, and is characterized in that: the phase-change composite material takes n-octadecane as an energy storage material, and the n-octadecane is filled with nano graphene sheets, so that the energy storage material is compounded with the nano graphene sheets, and the nano graphene sheets form a three-dimensional heat-conducting network structure in the n-octadecane to serve as a heat conductor of the phase-change composite material, so that rapid heat exchange can be realized.
According to the preferred embodiment of the phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets, the ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 20-1: 200.
According to the preferable scheme of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets, the nano graphene sheets are of a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers.
The invention provides a composite phase-change material which takes n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with nano graphene sheets, namely a nano graphene sheet-n-octadecane phase-change composite material, wherein the nano graphene sheets are uniformly compounded with the n-octadecane matrix. The nano graphene sheet has a three-dimensional structure and is used as a heat conductor, and the n-octadecane is used as an energy storage material.
The nano graphene sheet-n-octadecane phase change composite material provided by the invention can realize integration of heat transfer and heat storage. The invention combines the phase-change energy storage material with heat absorption and release effects with the nano graphene sheet, and the thermal conductivity of the phase-change energy storage system is improved by several times by utilizing the high thermal conductivity and the porous structure of the nano graphene sheet.
The phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets and the preparation method have the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the stable three-dimensional heat-conducting network structure is formed by the nano graphene sheets in the n-octadecane, so that the improvement of the heat conductivity is facilitated; the nano graphene sheets can be uniformly and stably dispersed in liquid-phase octadecane for a long time, and the stability of the composite phase-change material is greatly improved; the phase-change composite material obtained by the invention has the advantages that the heat conductivity coefficient is greatly improved relative to pure n-octadecane, the melting temperature and the solidification temperature are lower than the phase-change temperature of organic phase-change materials such as polyethylene, paraffin and the like, the phase-change composite material is suitable for a lower temperature environment, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the prepared phase-change composite material has excellent heat conductivity and heat storage property, is suitable for large-scale production and application, and can be widely applied to the fields of energy sources and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a thermal diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity curve of the phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets at different mass fractions and 20 ℃.
Fig. 3a and 3b are electron microscope photographs of nano graphene sheets at scales of 10 micrometers and 2 micrometers, respectively.
Fig. 3c and fig. 3d are electron microscope photographs of the phase change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets according to the present invention at scales of 10 micrometers and 2 micrometers, respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further specifically described below with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: completely melting the n-octadecane solid subjected to drying pretreatment;
the second step is that: adding the nano graphene sheets and the hyperdispersant into liquid-phase n-octadecane in proportion to obtain a mixed suspension; the ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 15-1: 200; the nano graphene sheet is a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers. The hyper-dispersant accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the whole composite phase change material.
The third step: stirring by a stirrer to uniformly mix the suspension;
the fourth step: putting the uniformly mixed suspension into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic oscillation to enable the nano graphene sheets to form a stable three-dimensional heat conduction network structure in the n-octadecane;
the fifth step: and naturally cooling the suspension obtained in the fourth step to be solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets.
A phase change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets comprises n-octadecane and nano graphene sheets; the phase-change composite material takes n-octadecane as an energy storage material, and nano graphene sheets are filled in the n-octadecane; the nano graphene sheet has a three-dimensional heat conduction network structure and is used as a heat conductor of the phase change composite material. The ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 15-1: 200; the nano graphene sheet is a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers.
Example 1
The preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 49.7g of dried and pretreated n-octadecane solid by using an electronic balance, placing the solid in a reagent bottle, moving the reagent bottle to a panel of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, and heating the reagent bottle until the solid is completely melted, wherein the temperature is set to 65 ℃.
The second step is that: after maintaining the melting state of n-octadecane for 30min, 0.25g of nano graphene sheets and 0.05g of hyperdispersant Dispenser S35 were added to the liquid phase of n-octadecane.
The third step: the magnetic core is firstly put into a reagent bottle, the rotating speed of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is adjusted to be 450r/min, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the composite phase-change material suspension is stirred for 3 hours.
The fourth step: and then taking out the magnetic core, and placing the reagent bottle in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for ultrasonic oscillation for 30 min.
The fifth step: and naturally cooling the phase-change composite material suspension liquid at room temperature (25 ℃) until the phase-change composite material suspension liquid is solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets. Through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) test, the obtained phase-change composite material has the melting phase-change enthalpy of 237.4J/g and the solidification phase-change enthalpy of 237.8J/g. The thermal conductivity coefficient reaches 0.2898W/(m.K), which is improved by 32.4 percent compared with pure n-octadecane; the melting temperature is 27.9 ℃, the solidification temperature is 26.3 ℃, the temperature range is obviously lower than the phase change temperature range of organic phase change materials such as 92 ℃ of polyethylene, 52 ℃ to 60 ℃ of paraffin and the like, and the method is suitable for the environment with lower temperature.
Example 2
The preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 49.2g of dried and pretreated n-octadecane solid by using an electronic balance, placing the solid in a reagent bottle, moving the reagent bottle to a panel of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, and heating the reagent bottle until the solid is completely melted, wherein the temperature is set to 65 ℃.
The second step is that: after keeping the melting state of n-octadecane for 30min, 0.75g of nano graphene sheets are added into the liquid-phase n-octadecane.
The third step: the magnetic core is firstly put into a reagent bottle, the rotating speed of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is adjusted to be 450r/min, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the composite phase-change material suspension is stirred for 3 hours.
The fourth step: and then taking out the magnetic core, and placing the reagent bottle in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for ultrasonic oscillation for 30 min.
The fifth step: and naturally cooling the composite phase-change material suspension liquid at room temperature (25 ℃) until the composite phase-change material suspension liquid is solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets. Through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) test, the melting phase-change enthalpy of the graphene-based three-dimensional phase-change material is 234.8J/g, and the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 233.5J/g. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the material reaches 0.4146W/(m.K), which is improved by 89.4 percent relative to pure n-octadecane; the melting temperature is 27.9 ℃, the solidification temperature is 26.5 ℃, the temperature range is obviously lower than the phase change temperature range of organic phase change materials such as 92 ℃ of polyethylene, 52 ℃ to 60 ℃ of paraffin and the like, and the method is suitable for the environment with lower temperature.
Example 3
The preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 49g of dried and pretreated n-octadecane solid by using an electronic balance, placing the solid in a reagent bottle, moving the reagent bottle to a panel of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, and heating the reagent bottle until the solid is completely melted, wherein the temperature is set to 65 ℃.
The second step is that: after the melting state of the n-octadecane is kept for 30min, 1g of nano graphene sheets are added into the liquid-phase n-octadecane.
The third step: the magnetic core is firstly put into a reagent bottle, the rotating speed of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is adjusted to be 450r/min, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the composite phase-change material suspension is stirred for 3 hours.
The fourth step: and then taking out the magnetic core, and placing the reagent bottle in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for ultrasonic oscillation for 30 min.
The fifth step: and naturally cooling the composite phase-change material suspension liquid at room temperature (25 ℃) until the composite phase-change material suspension liquid is solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets. Through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) test, the melting phase-change enthalpy of the graphene-based three-dimensional phase-change material is 226.9J/g, and the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 223.0J/g. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the material reaches 0.4146W/(m.K), which is improved by 89.4 percent relative to pure n-octadecane; the melting temperature is 27.9 ℃, the solidification temperature is 26.5 ℃, the temperature range is obviously lower than the phase change temperature range of organic phase change materials such as 92 ℃ of polyethylene, 52 ℃ to 60 ℃ of paraffin and the like, and the method is suitable for the environment with lower temperature.
The hyperdispersant of examples 1 to 3 is a polymer containing an amine anchoring group, belongs to a nonpolar hyperdispersant, and can be a disperer S35 hyperdispersant produced by Shanghai New Material science and technology, Inc., which is a light amber viscous liquid. A hyperdispersant WinSperse 3050 produced by Weipersi New materials (Weifang) Limited can also be used.
Embodiments 1 to 3 show that the thermal conductivity of the phase change composite material obtained by the present invention, which uses n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with nano graphene sheets, is significantly improved compared to pure n-octadecane, and in the mass ratio range of nano graphene sheets and n-octadecane given in this patent, the change of the phase change enthalpy of the phase change material is small, and the thermal energy storage capacity is hardly affected. The phase-change composite material obtained by the invention is suitable for the environment with relatively low temperature.
In addition, as can be seen from fig. 2, as the nano graphene sheets are increased, the thermal conductivity of the phase change composite material is increased, and the increase of the thermal conductivity of the nano graphene sheets is most obvious within the range of 0.5% -1%.
As can be seen from fig. 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, the nano graphene sheet nano has a good sheet-layered structure, when the nano graphene sheet is added into n-octadecane, the good sheet-layered structure is still maintained and uniformly dispersed in the n-octadecane, and the edges of the nano graphene sheet nano present a certain degree of wrinkles, which is beneficial to being interconnected to form a network structure, thereby achieving the requirement of enhancing heat transfer.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: completely melting the n-octadecane solid subjected to drying pretreatment;
the second step is that: adding the nano graphene sheets and the hyperdispersant Disuper S35 into liquid-phase n-octadecane in proportion to obtain a mixed suspension; wherein the hyperdispersant accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the whole composite phase-change material;
the third step: stirring by a stirrer to uniformly mix the suspension;
the fourth step: putting the uniformly mixed suspension into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic oscillation to enable the nano graphene sheets to form a three-dimensional heat conduction network structure in the n-octadecane; the nano graphene sheet is a heat conductor of the phase-change composite material so as to improve the heat conductivity coefficient of n-octadecane;
the fifth step: and naturally cooling the suspension obtained in the fourth step to be solidified to obtain the phase-change composite material which takes the n-octadecane as a matrix and is filled with the nano graphene sheets.
2. The method for preparing the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 15-1: 200.
3. The method for preparing the phase-change composite material filled with the nano graphene sheets according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nano graphene sheet is a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers.
4. A phase-change composite material filled with nano graphene sheets comprises n-octadecane and nano graphene sheets, and is characterized in that: the phase-change composite material takes n-octadecane as an energy storage material, nano graphene sheets are filled in the n-octadecane, and the hyperdispersant Disuper S35 is used for compounding the energy storage material and the nano graphene sheets, wherein the nano graphene sheets form a three-dimensional heat-conducting network structure in the n-octadecane and are heat conductors of the phase-change composite material so as to improve the heat conductivity coefficient of the n-octadecane; the hyperdispersant Dispenser S35 accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the whole composite phase change material.
5. The phase change composite filled with nanographene sheets according to claim 4, wherein: the ratio of the nano graphene sheets to the n-octadecane is as follows: 1: 15-1: 200.
6. The phase change composite filled with nanographene sheets according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the nano graphene sheet is a multilayer structure with less than 20 layers.
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CN110973695A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-04-10 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 Preparation method of modified cooling phase-change material
CN110817857B (en) * 2019-11-22 2021-07-06 重庆大学 Modified graphene and n-octadecane phase change composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113817449B (en) * 2020-06-18 2022-12-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Composite phase change material, solid hydrate promoting agent, preparation method of solid hydrate promoting agent and method for improving gas storage and transportation capacity of solid hydrate method
CN111944492A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-17 哈尔滨商业大学 Preparation method of graphene nano composite phase change material with cold accumulation characteristic
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