CN109049910A - 超细纤维表面复合有ptfe微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡 - Google Patents

超细纤维表面复合有ptfe微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡 Download PDF

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CN109049910A
CN109049910A CN201811057533.8A CN201811057533A CN109049910A CN 109049910 A CN109049910 A CN 109049910A CN 201811057533 A CN201811057533 A CN 201811057533A CN 109049910 A CN109049910 A CN 109049910A
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layer
fiber
felt
superfine fibre
fibre
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张晶
李晴
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China Environmental Technology (shanghai) Co Ltd
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China Environmental Technology (shanghai) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡。本发明的过滤毡是：自表面向理面的层结构是，PTFE微孔膜层‑‑超细纤维层—基布层—纤维网层。本发明通过针刺、水刺形成素毡，在超细纤维层表面，通过热熔覆合一层PTFE微孔膜层，形成双表面过滤层过滤毡。优点是双表面复合过滤毡具有孔隙小且孔隙率高、强力高、表面光滑、柔软等特点，使用时具有易清灰、运行阻力低而稳定，具有高过滤效率。

Description

超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡
技术领域
本发明属于高性能非织造过滤材料制造的技术领域，特别涉及一种用针刺、水刺超细纤维面层热熔粘附PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡及其生产方法。
背景技术
随着工业社会的发展，人们对环境的保护意识也在逐渐增强，对于工业产出的各种废液、废气和固体废弃物残渣的处理方法也在不断的优化中，近来，PM2 .5的出现引起了大家的关注，其主要源于生活或生产中的各种废气，为了减少空气中PM2 .5的含量，提高空气质量，需要对各种废气进行处理，特别是工业废气。科研人员不懈地研究和利用一切可能的材料和方法，开发新的、更有效的过滤材料以提高滤料各项性能指标，提高过滤精度，延长使用寿命。
现有滤料的过滤过程为：表面过滤加深层过滤，或单表面过滤机理，这样的滤料存在以下问题：
①随着滤袋的使用时间增长，滤料的透气性会逐渐降低。
②随着滤袋的使用周期增长，滤料的过滤精度会逐渐降低。
③为了保证除尘***运行，过滤***滤袋清灰频率会逐渐增加；并且喷吹清灰压力也会不断加大，滤袋使用寿命也会相应加速缩短；能耗也会不断加大。
发明内容
为改变现有滤料存在的问题，即将过滤方式由“表层+深层”转变为“表层过滤”转变为“双表面高精过滤”，本发明提供一种超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡。本发明的过滤毡是：
自表面向理面的层结构是，PTFE微孔膜层--超细纤维层—基布层—纤维网层。
本发明过滤毡的生产方法包括下列步骤：
（1）用细度为0.1—0.8D，长度为30mm—100mm的纤维，经开松、混合、铺网，形成超细纤维网；
（2）用普通纤维经开松、混合、铺网，形成纤维网；
（3）将步骤（1）的超细纤维网铺于基布上；
（4）将步骤（3）的基布另一面铺于步骤（2）的纤维网上，形成素毡 ；
（5）将步骤（4）的素毡进行预针刺，针刺密度为180～380针/cm2；
（6）将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，送入高速微细水流进行喷刺，该高速微细水流的起始水压为10巴，其后的水压高于或等于10巴且低于或等于300巴，在温度100～250℃下进行烘干；
或者，将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，进行主针刺，刺针深度为14±4mm，刺针频率为750~850刺/min，输入速度为3.0~3.6m/min，输出速度为3.4~3.7m/min；
（7）将步骤（6）形成素毡的超细纤维层表面，通过热熔沾附一层PTFE聚四氟乙烯微孔膜层。
所述纤维为涤纶PET 纤维或丙纶PP 纤维或均聚丙烯腈HA 纤维或芳纶Armid 纤维或芳砜纶PSA 纤维或聚苯硫醚PPS或聚酰亚胺P84纤维或聚四氟乙烯PTFE 纤维或玻璃纤维GL或玄武岩纤维BF的一种或两种以上的温合。
本发明的优点是，双表面高精复合过滤毡具有孔隙小且孔隙率高、强力高、表面光滑、柔软等特点，使用时具有易清灰、运行阻力低而稳定、高过滤效率、高过滤精度，其有较好的热稳定性、耐化学气体腐蚀性，滤料的使用寿命较长等特性。可广泛应用于各种烟尘净化、表面过滤，粉尘的剥离性能好，降低除尘器的清灰频率，捕获微尘效果好、拉伸强度高，耐磨性能好提高了滤料的使用寿命的复合滤料毡，对工业粉尘中的PM2.5的捕获率可达99.99%，对工业窑炉粉尘过滤可达到5mg/Nm3以下的粉尘排放精度，有效预防雾霾的形成。
附图说明
附图1是本发明截面视图。
附图2是本发明双表面滤料与其他二种滤料稳定阶段阻力上长升曲线图
图中标号说明：
１．PTFE微孔膜层
２．超细纤维面层
３. 基 布
４. 纤维网层。
具体实施方式
请参阅附图1，本发明生产过程是：
（1）用细度为0.1—0.8D，长度为30mm—100mm的纤维，经开松、混合、铺网，形成超细纤维网层2；
（2）用普通纤维经开松、混合、铺网，形成纤维网4；
（3）将步骤（1）的超细纤维网层2铺于基布3上；
（4）将步骤（3）的基布3另一面铺于步骤（2）的纤维网4上，形成素毡 ；
（5）将步骤（4）的素毡进行预针刺，针刺密度为180～380针/cm2；
（6）将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，送入高速微细水流进行喷刺，该高速微细水流的起始水压为10巴，其后的水压高于或等于10巴且低于或等于300巴，在温度100～250℃下进行烘干；
或者，将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，进行主针刺，刺针深度为14±4mm，刺针频率为750~850刺/min，输入速度为3.0~3.6m/min，输出速度为3.4~3.7m/min；
（7）将步骤（6）形成素毡的超细纤维层2表面，通过热熔沾附一层PTFE聚四氟乙烯微孔膜层1。
超细纤维是指直径在0 .1-1um以下的微纤维，是普通纤维的1/20，具有特殊的楔形截面积，通过针刺、水刺固结超细纤维面层，使它能有效地捕获微尘，吸尘效果较普通纤维好，可应用于工业窑炉气固分离的过滤,非织造材料用于过滤除尘历史悠久。由于纺织材料的结构是具有无数微小孔隙的纤维三维网状结构，尘埃微粒必须沿着纤维弯弯曲曲的网状路径行进，随时都有可能与纤维发生碰撞而被截留，因此过滤效率很高。将超细纤维材料应用于过滤针刺、水刺毡中，可大幅度提高针刺、水刺毡的吸滤效果，具有较好的应用前景。
水刺固结法是一种制作过滤材料用毡的方法，能够保证滤料质地柔软、强力高、孔隙小且孔隙率大等优点，在烟气净化领域特别是对PM5、PM2.5等可吸入颗粒物的控制具有广阔的应用优势，其具有以下几个特点：①水刺工艺不存在对纤维网的挤压,不使用树脂或粘合剂，从而保持了纤网固有的柔软性；②水刺工艺纤网可用任意品种的纤维相混合；③水刺工艺以水针代替刺针，对纤网的上下两面依次进行缠结处理，对纤维无任何损伤，所得纤网强度高；所得的产品表面光滑、孔隙率高、孔径小。
覆PTFE微孔膜滤料的生产方法，是将PTFE薄膜与超细纤维层通过热压（压力控制为1-3kg/cm2）复合而成，微孔直径为Φ0.1-3.5µm，孔隙率为90%左右，在对PTFE 膜覆盖纤维层进行热压时，控制热辊温度，热熔覆合辊的表面温度一般在100-350℃之间；将已经过初步热熔覆合的微孔膜再通过表面修复辊将表面压平，表面修复辊的速度应控制在5～8m/min，压力在3～5MPa，表面修复辊的温度不应高于热熔覆合时热熔覆合辊的表面温度；PTFE薄膜层为迎风层。
本发明用针刺或水刺的超细纤维面层再热熔粘附PTFE微孔膜层双表面复合滤材料，与普照通滤料的性能比较如下表所示
43,200（常规滤料）-21,600（双表面过滤滤料）=3年内有21,600次的差距。
1）双表面过滤滤袋具有更低出口浓度和常规滤袋相比双表面过滤滤袋出口浓度降低20--40%。
2）双表面过滤滤袋具有更低的平均压损，和更长的循环时间
①脉冲循环时间3600s(常规滤袋的2.0倍)。
②除尘机的平均压损降低28%。
本发明双表面过滤结构滤料与其他滤料过滤性能对比表
由上表可知，双表面过滤结构的滤料整体排放浓度和过滤精度显著高于覆膜滤料和普通滤料。
由附图2可知，双表面过滤滤料结构滤料稳定阶段阻力上升比较平稳，主要是由于其表层的致密层超细纤维和膜过滤，过滤精度高导致的，但是仍然低于普通滤料和膜过滤的阻力。

Claims (3)

1.一种超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡，其特征在于，该过滤毡自表面向理面的层结构是，PTFE微孔膜层--超细纤维层—基布层—纤维网层。
2.按权利要求1所述的超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡的生产方法，包括下列步骤：
（1）用细度为0.1—0.8D，长度为30mm—100mm的纤维，经开松、混合、铺网，形成超细纤维网；
（2）用普通纤维经开松、混合、铺网，形成纤维网；
（3）将步骤（1）的超细纤维网铺于基布上；
（4）将步骤（3）的基布另一面铺于步骤（2）的纤维网上，形成素毡 ；
（5）将步骤（4）的素毡进行预针刺，针刺密度为180～380针/cm2；
（6）将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，送入高速微细水流进行喷刺，该高速微细水流的起始水压为10巴，其后的水压高于或等于10巴且低于或等于300巴，在温度100～250℃下进行烘干；
或者，将步骤（5）预针刺后的素毡，进行主针刺，刺针深度为14±4mm，刺针频率为750~850刺/min，输入速度为3.0~3.6m/min，输出速度为3.4~3.7m/min；
（7）将步骤（6）形成素毡的超细纤维层表面，通过热熔沾附一层PTFE聚四氟乙烯微孔膜层。
3.按权利要求2所述的超细纤维表面复合有PTFE微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡的生产方法，所述纤维为涤纶PET 纤维或丙纶PP 纤维或均聚丙烯腈HA 纤维或芳纶Armid 纤维或芳砜纶PSA 纤维或聚苯硫醚PPS或聚酰亚胺P84纤维或聚四氟乙烯PTFE 纤维或玻璃纤维GL或玄武岩纤维BF的一种或两种以上的温合。
CN201811057533.8A 2018-09-11 2018-09-11 超细纤维表面复合有ptfe微孔膜的双表面高精过滤毡 Pending CN109049910A (zh)

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