CN109030781A - Friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test method - Google Patents
Friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030781A CN109030781A CN201810938302.1A CN201810938302A CN109030781A CN 109030781 A CN109030781 A CN 109030781A CN 201810938302 A CN201810938302 A CN 201810938302A CN 109030781 A CN109030781 A CN 109030781A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010429 evolutionary process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test method, the device include Visualization Model case, loading device, normal sand, two side baffles, stripper plate, load plate, instead of the steel plate of stake, cushion block and the digital camera being set to outside Visualization Model case；By loading device, by load through load plate grading on the soil body, rotating base swivel plate makes stripper plate fall off, and load is up to soil body fall damage in Visualization Model case；Shoot the image of Visualization Model case side normal sand under load at different levels during test respectively with digital camera；It through the invention can more convenient, the intuitively deformation of stake surrounding soil and the rule of development by the visible model testing research soil body under outer load action.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering and Geological Engineering technical field, it is related to a kind of model test apparatus and test method,
More particularly to a kind of friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test method.
Background technique
Soil arching effect is most important reinforcement mechanism of the friction pile for geotechnical engineering problems such as slope reinforcements.Soil arching effect
Sphere of action be directly related to soil arch power transmission feature and friction pile supporting success or failure.It is tested and is demonstrate,proved by dodge gate from Tai Shaji
After bright soil arching effect exists, domestic and foreign scholars have done soil arching effect by field test or numerical simulation software and have largely ground
Study carefully, has obtained the conclusion of formation and the evolution of many soil arches.But the Visualization Model about soil arching effect evolutionary process at present
Test lacks further investigation, more lacks different factors to friction pile soil arching effect soil around pile particle evolution of motion affecting laws and right
The deformation failure affecting laws experimental study achievement of soil body shearing strain concentration band.
In conclusion at present there is also many unknown in the research of soil arching effect evolution mechanism, and the present invention provides
A kind of soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test method, can it is more convenient, intuitively by visual
What change model investigation friction pile soil arching effect soil around pile particle evolution of motion rule and soil arching effect were formed, and developed and are destroyed
The Distortion Disciplinarian of band is concentrated in evolutionary process and soil body shearing strain, and studying different factors, (stake is wide, stake spacing, sand are closely knit
Degree) under the influence of soil arching effect Evolution.
Summary of the invention
Existing for not visibleization present in soil arching effect evolution physical test to solve the problems, such as, the present invention provides one
Kind friction pile soil arching effect evolution visible model testing device and test method.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: friction pile soil arching effect is drilled
Change mechanism visible model testing device, including Visualization Model case, loading device, normal sand, two side baffles, stripper plate, plus
Support plate, instead of the steel plate of stake, cushion block and the digital camera being set to outside Visualization Model case；The Visualization Model case is
The cabinet of top and bottom end opening；Two side baffles include two pieces be arranged symmetrically by vertical long wing plate and horizontal short limb plate
The inverted T shaped baffle of composition, two vertical long wing plates be respectively positioned in Visualization Model case and vertically two width edges of long wing plate with can
Depending on changing the fitting of model chamber interior wall so that Visualization Model chamber interior wall and two vertical long wing plates are collectively formed for accommodating normal sand
Hold sand space；Two horizontal short limb plates are located at Visualization Model bottom end and are located on cushion block, the top of two horizontal short limb plate inner ends
Portion is bolted the steel plate instead of stake, is bonded instead of two length sides of the steel plate of stake with Visualization Model chamber interior wall；
Two horizontal short limb board bottom portions are bolted the horizontal rotation plate for carrying stripper plate jointly, and the stripper plate is located at
Between the inner end of two horizontal short limb plates and it is located at the bottom for holding sand space；Load plate is provided at the top of the normal sand；It is described
Loading device include the jack for exerting a force to load plate being set to above Visualization Model case.
Digital camera is set to the face view of Visualization Model case, for shooting the clear of Visualization Model case case side normal sand
Clear image.
The Visualization Model case is the top constituted and bottom end opening by four pieces of transparent organic glass splicings
Rectangular parallelepiped structure, can directly observe tank test phenomenon from all angles, and the junction of organic glass carried out with marine glue it is close
Envelope.
The normal sand uses Nanping Prefecture normal sand.The normal sand quality is stable and can be used for sand in Visualization
The deformation measurement of soil particle.
Every piece of horizontal short limb board bottom portion is respectively and fixedly provided with two blocks of horizontal rotation plates, and four blocks of horizontal rotation plates support de- jointly
Flitch.
The loading device includes substructure, superstructure and jack, and the substructure includes quadrangle
Bottom surface and be set to the steel pipe straight up of bottom surface quadrangle, the cushion block is set to the upper surface of bottom surface；Superstructure packet
It includes the top surface of quadrangle and is set to the steel pipe straight down of top surface quadrangle；The corresponding insertion of steel pipe straight down is straight up
Steel pipe in and be fixed with pin, the jack is inverted in the lower surface of top surface.
According to the method that above-mentioned friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device is tested, including
Following steps:
Step 1: preparing test material and equipment
Prepare Visualization Model case, two side baffles, loading device, normal sand, cushion block, stripper plate, instead of stake steel plate, plus
Support plate and digital camera；
Step 2: assembling soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device
Two pieces of cushion blocks are placed on the bottom surface of loading device substructure, place two side baffles on every piece of cushion block respectively, are adjusted
The distance between whole two side baffle, Visualization Model housing-case is made on the outside of two vertical long wing plates Visualization Model chamber interior wall with
Two vertical long wing plates collectively form the appearance sand space for accommodating normal sand, the swivel plate of two sides baffle bottom are rotated, by de- material
Plate is placed on swivel plate；
Step 3: building soil arching effect evolution mechanism analysis model
Normal sand is poured into and is held in sand space, until banketing in Visualization Model case reaches design height, the soil body is flattened, adds
Support plate is placed on after leveling on the soil body, and the superstructure of loading device is fixed in substructure；
Step 4: starting to test
By applying jack, by load through load plate grading on the soil body, rotating base swivel plate makes de- material
Plate falls off, Visualization Model case face view set up digital camera, adjust position and the parameter of camera, make its focal plane with can
Depending on changing model casing frontoparallel and can take clearly normal sand image, load is until soil body collapsing is broken in Visualization Model case
It is bad；Shoot the image of Visualization Model case side normal sand under load at different levels during test respectively with digital camera；Step 5: adjusting
Whole two side baffles spacing, the width of steel plate instead of stake, sand compactness parameter, repeat the above steps three, step 4, to realize
Soil arching effect EVOLUTION ANALYSIS under multifactor impact；Step 6: test result analysis
After test load, image captured by digital camera during test is divided by image processing software
Analysis obtains displacement field and the shearing strain field of the soil around pile in multifactor situation in soil arch evolutionary process.
The present invention provides a kind of friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device and test methods, can
With it is more convenient, stake surrounding soil of the soil body under outer load action intuitively studied by visible model testing deform and hair
Exhibition rule.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the main view of loading device；
Fig. 3 is two side baffle main views；
Fig. 4 is the top view of left side baffle in Fig. 3；
1,1b, two side baffle, 1a, inverted T shaped baffle rotate horizontally plate, 1c, bolt
2, loading device, 2a, substructure, 2b, superstructure, 2c, jack,
3, load plate, 4, cushion block, 5, stripper plate, 6, normal sand, 7, Visualization Model case, 8, instead of the steel plate of stake.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device, including visualization mould
Molding box 7, loading device 2, normal sand 6, two side baffles 1, stripper plate 5, load plate 3, instead of the steel plate 8 of stake, cushion block 4 and setting
Digital camera outside Visualization Model case 7；The Visualization Model case 7 is structure by four pieces of transparent organic glass splicings
At top and bottom end opening rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the junction of organic glass is sealed with marine glue.The standard
Sand 6 uses Nanping Prefecture normal sand.
The loading device 2 includes substructure 2a, superstructure 2b and jack 2c, the substructure 2a packet
It includes the bottom surface of quadrangle and is set to the steel pipe straight up of bottom surface quadrangle, the cushion block 4 is set to bottom surface upper surface；Top
Structure 2b includes the top surface of quadrangle and the steel pipe straight down for being set to top surface quadrangle；The corresponding insertion of steel pipe straight down
It is fixed in steel pipe straight up and with pin, the lower surface that the jack 2c is inverted in top surface is used for load plate 3
Force.
Two side baffles 1 include two pieces be arranged symmetrically by vertical long wing plate and horizontal short limb board group at it is inverted T shaped
Baffle 1a, two vertical long wing plates be respectively positioned in Visualization Model case 7 and two width edges of vertical long wing plate and Visualization Model
7 inner wall of case is bonded so that 7 inner wall of Visualization Model case and two vertical long wing plates collectively form the appearance sand sky for accommodating normal sand 6
Between；Two horizontal short limb plates are located at 7 bottom end of Visualization Model case and are located on cushion block 4, and the top of two horizontal short limb plate inner ends is equal
It is fixed with the steel plate 8 instead of stake by bolt 1c, is bonded instead of two length sides of the steel plate 8 of stake with 7 inner wall of Visualization Model case；
Every piece of horizontal short limb board bottom portion passes through bolt 1c and is fixed with two pieces of horizontal rotation plate 1b for carrying stripper plate 5, four blocks of water
Flat swivel plate 1b supports stripper plate 5 jointly.Stripper plate 5 is located between the inner end of two horizontal short limb plates and is located at the bottom for holding sand space
Portion；The load plate 3 is set to the top of normal sand 6.
According to the method that above-mentioned friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device is tested, including
Following steps:
Step 1: preparing test material and equipment
Prepare Visualization Model case 7, two side baffles 1, loading device 2, normal sand 6, cushion block 4, stripper plate 5, instead of stake
Steel plate 8, load plate 3 and digital camera；
Step 2: assembling soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device
Two pieces of cushion blocks 4 are placed on the bottom surface of 2 substructure 2a of loading device, place two side blocks respectively on every piece of cushion block 4
Plate 1, the distance between two side baffles 1 of adjustment, makes Visualization Model on the outside of two vertical long wing plates for 7 sets of Visualization Model case
7 inner wall of case and two vertical long wing plates collectively form the appearance sand space for accommodating normal sand 6, rotate the rotation of two side baffles, 1 bottom
Stripper plate 5 is placed on swivel plate 1b by rotating plate 1b；
Step 3: building soil arching effect evolution mechanism analysis model
Normal sand 6 is poured into and is held in sand space, until banketing in Visualization Model case 7 reaches design height, flattens the soil body,
Load plate 3 is placed on after leveling on the soil body, and the superstructure 2b of loading device 2 is fixed on substructure 2a；
Step 4: starting to test
By applying jack 2c, by load through 3 grading of load plate on the soil body, rotating base swivel plate 1b makes
Stripper plate 5 falls off, and shoots the figure of 7 side normal sand 6 of Visualization Model case under load at different levels during test respectively with digital camera
Picture；, load is up to soil body fall damage in Visualization Model case 7；
Step 5: adjustment two side baffles, 1 spacing, the width of steel plate 8 instead of stake, sand compactness parameter, repeat above-mentioned
Step 3: step 4, to realize the soil arching effect EVOLUTION ANALYSIS under multifactor impact；
Step 6: test result analysis
After test load, image captured by digital camera during test is divided by image processing software
Analysis obtains displacement field and the shearing strain field of the soil around pile in multifactor situation in soil arch evolutionary process.
Claims (6)
1. friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device, it is characterised in that: including Visualization Model case
(7), loading device (2), normal sand (6), two side baffles (1), stripper plate (5), load plate (3), the steel plate (8) instead of stake, pad
Block (4) and it is set to the digital camera of Visualization Model case (7) outside；The Visualization Model case (7) is top and bottom end
The cabinet of opening；Two side baffles (1) include two pieces be arranged symmetrically by vertical long wing plate and horizontal short limb board group at
Inverted T shaped baffle (1a), two vertical long wing plates be respectively positioned in Visualization Model case (7) and two width edges of vertical long wing plate with can
It is bonded depending on changing model casing (7) inner wall so that Visualization Model case (7) inner wall and two vertical long wing plates are collectively formed for accommodating mark
The appearance sand space of quasi- sand (6)；Two horizontal short limb plates are located at Visualization Model case (7) bottom end and are located on cushion block (4), and two is horizontal
The top of short limb plate inner end passes through bolt (1c) and is fixed with steel plate (8) instead of stake, instead of two length sides of the steel plate (8) of stake
It is bonded with Visualization Model case (7) inner wall；Two horizontal short limb board bottom portions pass through bolt (1c) be fixed with it is de- for carrying jointly
The horizontal rotation plate (1b) of flitch (5), the stripper plate (5), which is located between the inner end of two horizontal short limb plates and is located at, holds sand space
Bottom；Load plate (3) are provided at the top of the normal sand (6)；The loading device (2) includes being set to visualization mould
The jack (2c) for exerting a force to load plate (3) above molding box (7).
2. friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The Visualization Model case (7) is the cuboid on the top and bottom end opening being spliced by four pieces of transparent organic glass and constituted
Structure, and the junction of organic glass is sealed with marine glue.
3. friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The normal sand (6) uses Nanping Prefecture normal sand.
4. friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Every piece of horizontal short limb board bottom portion is respectively and fixedly provided with two pieces of horizontal rotation plates (1b), and support is de- jointly for four pieces of horizontal rotation plates (1b)
Flitch (5).
5. friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The loading device (2) includes substructure (2a), superstructure (2b) and jack (2c), the substructure (2a)
Bottom surface including quadrangle and the steel pipe straight up for being set to bottom surface quadrangle, the cushion block (4) are set to bottom surface upper surface；
Superstructure (2b) includes the top surface of quadrangle and the steel pipe straight down for being set to top surface quadrangle；Steel pipe pair straight down
It should be inserted into steel pipe straight up and be fixed with pin, the jack (2c) is inverted in the lower surface of top surface.
6. the side that friction pile soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device according to claim 1 is tested
Method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: preparing test material and equipment
Prepare Visualization Model case (7), two side baffles (1), loading device (2), normal sand (6), cushion block (4), stripper plate (5),
Load plate (3), steel plate (8) and digital camera instead of stake；
Step 2: assembling soil arching effect evolution mechanism visible model testing device
Two pieces of cushion blocks (4) are placed on the bottom surface of loading device (2) substructure (2a), place two respectively on every piece of cushion block (4)
Side baffle (1), the distance between adjustment two side baffles (1), Visualization Model case (7) is covered and is made on the outside of two vertical long wing plates
Visualization Model case (7) inner wall and two vertical long wing plates collectively form the appearance sand space for accommodating normal sand (6), rotate two sides
The swivel plate (1b) of baffle (1) bottom, stripper plate (5) is placed on swivel plate (1b)；
Step 3: building soil arching effect evolution mechanism analysis model
Normal sand (6) is poured into and is held in sand space, until banketing in Visualization Model case (7) reaches design height, flattens the soil body,
Load plate (3) is placed on after leveling on the soil body, and the superstructure (2b) of loading device (2) is fixed on substructure (2a)；
Step 4: starting to test
By applying jack (2c), by load through load plate (3) grading on the soil body, rotating base swivel plate (1b)
So that stripper plate (5) is fallen off, shoots during test Visualization Model case side normal sand under load at different levels respectively with digital camera
Image, load is until Visualization Model case (7) interior soil body fall damage；
Step 5: adjustment two side baffles (1) spacing, the width of steel plate (8) instead of stake, sand compactness parameter, repeat above-mentioned
Step 3: step 4, to realize the soil arching effect EVOLUTION ANALYSIS under multifactor impact；
Step 6: test result analysis
After test load, image captured by digital camera during test is analyzed by image processing software,
Obtain displacement field and the shearing strain field of the soil around pile in multifactor situation in soil arch evolutionary process.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110258661A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Friction pile soil arching effect ultimate bearing force test method and device |
| CN110468885A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of experimental rig and its test method determining underground structure top surface soil arching effect sphere of action |
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