CN109030747A - A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality - Google Patents
A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030747A CN109030747A CN201811003735.4A CN201811003735A CN109030747A CN 109030747 A CN109030747 A CN 109030747A CN 201811003735 A CN201811003735 A CN 201811003735A CN 109030747 A CN109030747 A CN 109030747A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101000995928 Mus musculus Nucleolar protein 58 Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100039692 RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 1 Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular nitrogen;molecular oxygen Chemical compound N#N.O=O DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102100023941 G-protein-signaling modulator 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000904754 Homo sapiens G-protein-signaling modulator 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display
- G01N33/0063—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display using a threshold to release an alarm or displaying means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the devices and detection method of a kind of continuous detection air quality, described device includes one-chip computer module, connect with one-chip computer module ADC sampling module, the PWM output module being connect with one-chip computer module, the power module being connect respectively with one-chip computer module and ADC sampling module, the present apparatus meets the application of vehicle rule rank air quality sensor, it can effectively solve the problems, such as that other air quality sensors cannot continue to alarm in exceeded pollution air, and can guarantee consistency and accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Detection of Air Quality technical fields, and in particular to the device of the continuous detection air quality of one kind and inspection
Survey method.
Background technique
Improving in-car air quality situation is major automaker's problem to be solved all the time, for automobile
For exhaust emission, it is carbon monoxide and oxynitrides gas that car owner and passenger, which need most prevent,.Oxynitrides has
Malicious and meeting is carcinogenic, and nitric acid can be formed by reacting with steam, can destroy mucous membrane and damage immunity.Often in contact with nitrogen oxidation
Mucous membrane thickness will be reduced and reduce its defencive function by closing object.The critical value for smelling oxynitrides is 50ppb, driver or
As long as gas as passenger's inspiration a bite, will damage body.
Excellent sensor is the key that guarantee that in-car air quality can for automobile air quality sensor
The factors such as the polluted gas type of identification, response speed, service life are the most important things.
Most of air quality detector device consistency on the market are poor at present, and saturation time is short, polluted gas it is exceeded but
Sensor cannot alarm.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of continuously detection air quality devices and detection method, realize that vehicle rule rank is empty
The application of makings quantity sensor can effectively solve the problems, such as that other AQS products cannot continue to alarm in exceeded pollution air,
And it can guarantee the consistency and order of accuarcy of product.
To achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a kind of device of continuous detection air quality, and described device includes monolithic
Machine module 1, the ADC sampling module 2 being connect with one-chip computer module 1, the PWM output module 3 being connect with one-chip computer module 1, respectively
The power module 4 being connect with one-chip computer module 1 and ADC sampling module 2;
It include the data processing module 11 being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module 1;
The ADC sampling module 2 further includes the sensor 21 for detecting air quality;
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the power module 4 uses MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, and MRA4007T3G is whole
Stream device surge current is up to 1A, exports 5v voltage using NCV78M05BDTRKG linear voltage regulator as the power supply of one-chip computer module 1;Make
Circuit is carried out with 1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode to protect while also meeting pressure request, the diode breakdown electricity
26.7v, operating voltage 24v are pressed, clamp voltage reaches 38.9v, and 24v or more over-voltage is tested and ensures safety.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the one-chip computer module 1 uses 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML,
The single-chip microcontroller uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, and standby current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz,
PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementary waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic list
Member, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high-speed comparator, SPI and I2The main synchronous serial of C both of which
The enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART of the LIN of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of mouth.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, RC filter circuit, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky are configured in the PWM output module 3
Diode, which is placed on behind RC filter circuit, plays the reversal connection of external power supply positive and negative anodes, with the polarity of D3, retains inside R15
Pull-up, enables voltage to export.It is protected using PESD5V0LUATVS diode pair output circuit.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, sensor 21 selects MiCS-4514 sensor, the biography in the ADC sampling module 2
Sensor is compact mos sensor, and there are two completely self-contained sensing elements on one panel;
ADC_AN7 output end connects 1 nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin of one-chip computer module, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module 2
The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module 1 samples pin;
Invention additionally discloses a kind of detection methods of continuous detection air quality, and described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to single-chip microcontroller after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal
Module is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module
It is handled;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
The device and detection method of a kind of continuous detection air quality of the invention, have the advantages that this system changes
Become that other AQS sensor consistencies on the market are poor, and saturation time is short, and time of fire alarming is inconsistent, especially for persistently exceeded
Polluted gas, the problem of sensor is unable to sustained response, the sensor energy real-time working, in persistently exceeded polluted gas
Can sustained response, consistency is strong, and saturation time is long.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of apparatus module figure of continuous detection air quality of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is power module circuitry figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is one-chip computer module core chips PIC16F1508 structural block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is single-chip microcontroller PIC16F1508 pinouts of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is PWM output module circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is present procedure download module;
Fig. 7 is ADC sampling module circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is data processing module flow chart of data processing figure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a kind of detection method flow chart of continuous detection air quality of the present invention;
1- one-chip computer module, 11- data processing module, 2-ADC sampling module, 21- sensor, 3-PWM output module, 4-
Power module.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and the present invention provides the continuous detection air quality of one kind
Device, as shown in Figure 1, described device includes one-chip computer module 1, the ADC sampling module 2 and monolithic that connect with one-chip computer module 1
The PWM output module 3 that machine module 1 connects, the power module 4 being connect respectively with one-chip computer module 1 and ADC sampling module 2;
It include the data processing module 11 being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module 1;
The ADC sampling module 2 further includes the sensor 21 for detecting air quality;
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, the power module 4 uses MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, MRA4007T3G rectification
Device surge current is up to 1A, exports 5v voltage using NCV78M05BDTRKG linear voltage regulator as the power supply of one-chip computer module 1;It uses
1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode carries out circuit protecting while also meeting pressure request, the diode breakdown voltage
26.7v, operating voltage 24v, clamp voltage reach 38.9v, and 24v or more over-voltage is tested and ensures safety.
It wherein, should as shown in figure 3, the one-chip computer module 1 uses 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML
Single-chip microcontroller uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, and standby current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz,
PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementary waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic list
Member, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high-speed comparator, SPI and I2The main synchronous serial of C both of which
The enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART of the LIN of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of mouth.
Wherein, as shown in figure 5, configuring RC filter circuit, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky two in the PWM output module 3
Pole pipe, which is placed on behind RC filter circuit, plays the reversal connection of external power supply positive and negative anodes, with the polarity of D3, retains on the inside R15
It draws, voltage is exported.It is protected using PESD5V0LUATVS diode pair output circuit.
The NSR0230P2T5G Schottky diode is since error-polarity connection is on circuit, so needing to select leakage current
Otherwise biggish diode does not pull up on output circuit, voltage signal can not export.
Wherein, described device further includes program download module, the PICKit for selecting microchip to recommendTM3 cd-rom recorders carry out
Program downloading or in-circuit emulation.As shown in Figure 6
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, sensor 21 selects MiCS-4514 sensor in ADC sampling module 2, the sensor is
Compact mos sensor, there are two completely self-contained sensing elements on one panel;
ADC_AN7 output end connects 1 nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin of one-chip computer module, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module 2
The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module 1 samples pin;
When calculating partial pressure resistance R8 and R12, it need to come in conjunction with the value for the R0 that MiCS-4514 sensor adaptively goes out in air
Select suitable voltage value, Standard resistance range is respectively 100K-1500K, 0.8K-20K to the R0 of CO and NOX in air.It is wherein quick
Sensitivity factor S60It is defined as value of the aerial value of RS divided by RS in the gas that CO concentration is 60ppm;Sensitivity Factor SR
Value of the RS in the gas that NO2 concentration is 0.25ppm is defined as divided by the aerial value of RS.
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, MICS-4514 sensor, needs to preheat sensor when being detected, singly
Piece power traction foot exports 5v voltage and heats 35s to sensor by 2N7002BK-215MOSFET pipe, and signal pins export 2.3v and indicate
Pre- Warm status.After power supply is connected, the time required for 2.5 ± 0.3 (v) from power supply electrifying to voltage stabilization is measured, as a result table
Bright to rise the rapid time less than 100ms, duration is 35 ± 3s, adopts a sample within program setting every 4 minutes, samples in total
11 times, actually adopting back is voltage value that divider resistance is shared, is needed by being scaled resistance value;
The FLASH of PIC16F1508 single-chip microcontroller high-durability writes with a brush dipped in Chinese ink address from 0F80H-0FFFH.It is wanted before writing FLASH
The sample value adopted back is screened, common ADC filtering algorithm there are many kinds of such as limit filtration method, middle position value filtering method,
Arithmetic mean filter method, recurrence average filter method etc..Since sensor requires air opposite when adaptively going out internal resistance value R0
Continue cleaning, and middle position value filtering method can overcome because of fluctuation interference caused by accidentalia, to changing slow measured parameter
There is good filter effect.It is filtered compared to arithmetic mean, the convex increasing or sharp of result may be caused due to primary accidental variation
Subtract, not the filtering of suitable gas.So finally selecting middle position value filtering method, and find median selection bubble sort method.
The numerical value write into is verified, it is ensured that the value for writing FLASH every time is all correctly, to need using the school CRC
It tests.Data are also required to write-in backup area simultaneously, prevent from reading error when FLASH below, if the data directly read out are wrong
Data are read from backup area, reduce the probability for reading corrupt data in this way.
The bubble sort method exactly carries out a kind of algorithm to sort from big to small or from small to large to set of number.
Specific method is to exchange adjacent values two-by-two.Since first numerical value, if two neighboring number puts in order and it is expected
The position of two numbers is then swapped and (is exchanged) by difference;If consistent with expectation, exchange is not had to.Such process is repeated,
It needs to exchange without numerical value to the end always, then completion of sorting.Generally, it if there is N number of number needs to sort, then needs to carry out
(N-1) blistering is plowed.Bubble sort needs odd number to be screened number, and median is finally taken to store into single-chip microcontroller FLASH.
CRC, that is, the cyclic redundancy check code is a kind of most common debugging check code, the school CRC in data communication field
It tests and is characterized in that the length of information field and check field can be arbitrarily selected.Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) is a kind of data biography
Defeated error detection function carries out polynomial computation to data, and obtained result is attached to behind frame, and receiving device also executes similar
Algorithm, with guarantee data transmission correctness and integrality.
CRC check principle: the essential idea of CRC check be exactly first added behind the frame to be sent number (this just
It is the check code for verifying, it is noted that number here is also binary sequence), it generates a new frame and is sent to reception
End.Certainly, this additional number is not that arbitrarily, it will enable new frame generated select jointly with transmitting terminal and receiving end
Some certain number divides exactly and (note that not directlying adopt binary division here, is referred to as " module-2 division " using a kind of).
After reaching receiving end, then the new frame received divided by (same to use " module-2 division ") this selected divisor.Because sending
As soon as end sends data frame before just by adding a number, " going remaining " processing (also aliquot) is done, so result
It should be no remainder.If there is remainder, then show that mistake occurs in transmission process in the frame.
The module-2 division is similar with arithmetic division, but each result removed does not influence other positions, i.e., not upward one is borrowed
Position, so actually exclusive or.
One group of data is not only only written when writing FLASH, in order to reduce the probability of read-write corrupt data, data are carried out standby
Part, specific practice is that former data are written for address all the way of reallocating.If the data (band CRC check position) one of two-way address write-in
Mould is the same, indicates that write-in is errorless;It indicates to read if the data (band CRC check position) read from two-way address are also the same
Data are errorless, if the data directly read out do not pass through CRC check, read from backup area, and again by the number of backup area
According to writing into the main area FLASH.Vice versa.
Sensor powers on read data in FLASH every time, for NOX and CO R0 value to first power on by operation
Store into subject to the R0 value of FLASH, behind be all compared operation with this value.Data first are read from the main area FLASH, are passed through
CRC check indicates that the data read out are errorless;It is read if wrong from backup area, is equally also required to carry out CRC check.
Pulse width modulates (PWM) the i.e. abbreviation of " Pulse Width Modulation ", and abbreviation pulsewidth modulation is to utilize
The numeral output of microprocessor is come a kind of very effective technology for being controlled analog circuit.Namely pulse-width
Control.Required voltage is exported by adjusting the RC filter circuit on different duty ratio combination output circuits.
Judge whether present air pollutes, if when needing to export low-voltage progress alert process, need to combine MICS-
The RS/R0-ppm line charts of 4514 sensors sets alarm threshold value.It sets CO threshold value and corresponds to RS/R0=0.5 as 10ppm;It is right
Answering NO2 threshold value is 1ppm, corresponding RS/R0=6.Accordingly in program given threshold as judgment basis.
It is hot-switched onto normal condition in advance, is preheated by 35s, voltage jump to 4.3v enters the test constantly stage, and voltage is jumped
Become the time less than 6ms.
Detect that polluted gas switches voltage, by polluted gas close to sensor, sensor output voltage changes, and surveys
Amount is switched to 0.9 ± 0.3 from 4.3v, persistently exports low level 55s, and the voltage jump time is less than 15ms.
Pollution alarm switching voltage is exited, removes pollution gas source, sensor output voltage changes, and measurement is cut from 0.9v
4.3 ± 0.3 (v) are changed to, required time is less than 10ms.
The present invention also provides a kind of detection methods of continuous detection air quality, and described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to single-chip microcontroller after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal
Module is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module
It is handled;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
The part not illustrated in specification is the prior art or common knowledge.Present embodiment is merely to illustrate the hair
It is bright, rather than limit the scope of the invention, the modifications such as equivalent replacement that those skilled in the art make the present invention are recognized
To be fallen into invention claims institute protection scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality, which is characterized in that described device includes one-chip computer module (1) and monolithic
The ADC sampling module (2) of machine module (1) connection, the PWM output module (3) that is connect with one-chip computer module (1), respectively with monolithic
The power module (4) of machine module (1) and ADC sampling module (2) connection;
It include the data processing module (11) being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module (1);
The ADC sampling module (2) further includes the sensor (21) for detecting air quality.
2. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power module (4)
Using MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, MRA4007T3G rectifier surge current is up to 1A, uses NCV78M05BDTRKG
Linear voltage regulator exports 5v voltage as one-chip computer module (1) power supply, is carried out using 1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode to circuit
Protection also met pressure request, the diode breakdown voltage 26.7v, operating voltage 24v simultaneously, and clamp voltage reaches
38.9v tests 24v or more over-voltage and ensures safety.
3. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-chip computer module
(1) 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML are used, which uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, standby
Electric current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz, and PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementation
Waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic cell, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high ratio
Compared with device, SPI and I2The LIN's of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of the main synchronous serial interface of C both of which
Enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART.
4. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PWM output module
(3) RC filter circuit is configured in, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky diode is placed on behind RC filter circuit and is playing external power supply just
The effect of cathode reversal connection retains pull-up inside R15, voltage is exported with the polarity of D3.Use PESD5V0LUA
TVS diode protects output circuit.
5. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ADC sampling module
(2) sensor (21) selects MiCS-4514 sensor in, and the sensor is compact mos sensor, is had on one panel
Two completely self-contained sensing elements;
ADC_AN7 output end connects one-chip computer module (1) nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module (2)
The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module (1) samples pin.
6. a kind of detection method of continuous detection air quality, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to one-chip computer module after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal
It is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module and is carried out
Processing;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
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Application publication date: 20181218 |