CN109030747A - A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality - Google Patents

A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109030747A
CN109030747A CN201811003735.4A CN201811003735A CN109030747A CN 109030747 A CN109030747 A CN 109030747A CN 201811003735 A CN201811003735 A CN 201811003735A CN 109030747 A CN109030747 A CN 109030747A
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module
chip computer
air quality
computer module
sensor
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CN201811003735.4A
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Inventor
梅海伟
谭学乾
曾帅
付巍慎
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Wuhan Xinye Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Xinye Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0062General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display
    • G01N33/0063General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display using a threshold to release an alarm or displaying means

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the devices and detection method of a kind of continuous detection air quality, described device includes one-chip computer module, connect with one-chip computer module ADC sampling module, the PWM output module being connect with one-chip computer module, the power module being connect respectively with one-chip computer module and ADC sampling module, the present apparatus meets the application of vehicle rule rank air quality sensor, it can effectively solve the problems, such as that other air quality sensors cannot continue to alarm in exceeded pollution air, and can guarantee consistency and accuracy.

Description

A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality
Technical field
The present invention relates to Detection of Air Quality technical fields, and in particular to the device of the continuous detection air quality of one kind and inspection Survey method.
Background technique
Improving in-car air quality situation is major automaker's problem to be solved all the time, for automobile For exhaust emission, it is carbon monoxide and oxynitrides gas that car owner and passenger, which need most prevent,.Oxynitrides has Malicious and meeting is carcinogenic, and nitric acid can be formed by reacting with steam, can destroy mucous membrane and damage immunity.Often in contact with nitrogen oxidation Mucous membrane thickness will be reduced and reduce its defencive function by closing object.The critical value for smelling oxynitrides is 50ppb, driver or As long as gas as passenger's inspiration a bite, will damage body.
Excellent sensor is the key that guarantee that in-car air quality can for automobile air quality sensor The factors such as the polluted gas type of identification, response speed, service life are the most important things.
Most of air quality detector device consistency on the market are poor at present, and saturation time is short, polluted gas it is exceeded but Sensor cannot alarm.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of continuously detection air quality devices and detection method, realize that vehicle rule rank is empty The application of makings quantity sensor can effectively solve the problems, such as that other AQS products cannot continue to alarm in exceeded pollution air, And it can guarantee the consistency and order of accuarcy of product.
To achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a kind of device of continuous detection air quality, and described device includes monolithic Machine module 1, the ADC sampling module 2 being connect with one-chip computer module 1, the PWM output module 3 being connect with one-chip computer module 1, respectively The power module 4 being connect with one-chip computer module 1 and ADC sampling module 2;
It include the data processing module 11 being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module 1;
The ADC sampling module 2 further includes the sensor 21 for detecting air quality;
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the power module 4 uses MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, and MRA4007T3G is whole Stream device surge current is up to 1A, exports 5v voltage using NCV78M05BDTRKG linear voltage regulator as the power supply of one-chip computer module 1;Make Circuit is carried out with 1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode to protect while also meeting pressure request, the diode breakdown electricity 26.7v, operating voltage 24v are pressed, clamp voltage reaches 38.9v, and 24v or more over-voltage is tested and ensures safety.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the one-chip computer module 1 uses 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML, The single-chip microcontroller uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, and standby current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz, PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementary waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic list Member, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high-speed comparator, SPI and I2The main synchronous serial of C both of which The enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART of the LIN of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of mouth.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, RC filter circuit, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky are configured in the PWM output module 3 Diode, which is placed on behind RC filter circuit, plays the reversal connection of external power supply positive and negative anodes, with the polarity of D3, retains inside R15 Pull-up, enables voltage to export.It is protected using PESD5V0LUATVS diode pair output circuit.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, sensor 21 selects MiCS-4514 sensor, the biography in the ADC sampling module 2 Sensor is compact mos sensor, and there are two completely self-contained sensing elements on one panel;
ADC_AN7 output end connects 1 nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin of one-chip computer module, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module 2 The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module 1 samples pin;
Invention additionally discloses a kind of detection methods of continuous detection air quality, and described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to single-chip microcontroller after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal Module is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module It is handled;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
The device and detection method of a kind of continuous detection air quality of the invention, have the advantages that this system changes Become that other AQS sensor consistencies on the market are poor, and saturation time is short, and time of fire alarming is inconsistent, especially for persistently exceeded Polluted gas, the problem of sensor is unable to sustained response, the sensor energy real-time working, in persistently exceeded polluted gas Can sustained response, consistency is strong, and saturation time is long.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of apparatus module figure of continuous detection air quality of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is power module circuitry figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is one-chip computer module core chips PIC16F1508 structural block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is single-chip microcontroller PIC16F1508 pinouts of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is PWM output module circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is present procedure download module;
Fig. 7 is ADC sampling module circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is data processing module flow chart of data processing figure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a kind of detection method flow chart of continuous detection air quality of the present invention;
1- one-chip computer module, 11- data processing module, 2-ADC sampling module, 21- sensor, 3-PWM output module, 4- Power module.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and the present invention provides the continuous detection air quality of one kind Device, as shown in Figure 1, described device includes one-chip computer module 1, the ADC sampling module 2 and monolithic that connect with one-chip computer module 1 The PWM output module 3 that machine module 1 connects, the power module 4 being connect respectively with one-chip computer module 1 and ADC sampling module 2;
It include the data processing module 11 being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module 1;
The ADC sampling module 2 further includes the sensor 21 for detecting air quality;
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, the power module 4 uses MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, MRA4007T3G rectification Device surge current is up to 1A, exports 5v voltage using NCV78M05BDTRKG linear voltage regulator as the power supply of one-chip computer module 1;It uses 1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode carries out circuit protecting while also meeting pressure request, the diode breakdown voltage 26.7v, operating voltage 24v, clamp voltage reach 38.9v, and 24v or more over-voltage is tested and ensures safety.
It wherein, should as shown in figure 3, the one-chip computer module 1 uses 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML Single-chip microcontroller uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, and standby current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz, PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementary waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic list Member, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high-speed comparator, SPI and I2The main synchronous serial of C both of which The enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART of the LIN of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of mouth.
Wherein, as shown in figure 5, configuring RC filter circuit, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky two in the PWM output module 3 Pole pipe, which is placed on behind RC filter circuit, plays the reversal connection of external power supply positive and negative anodes, with the polarity of D3, retains on the inside R15 It draws, voltage is exported.It is protected using PESD5V0LUATVS diode pair output circuit.
The NSR0230P2T5G Schottky diode is since error-polarity connection is on circuit, so needing to select leakage current Otherwise biggish diode does not pull up on output circuit, voltage signal can not export.
Wherein, described device further includes program download module, the PICKit for selecting microchip to recommendTM3 cd-rom recorders carry out Program downloading or in-circuit emulation.As shown in Figure 6
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, sensor 21 selects MiCS-4514 sensor in ADC sampling module 2, the sensor is Compact mos sensor, there are two completely self-contained sensing elements on one panel;
ADC_AN7 output end connects 1 nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin of one-chip computer module, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module 2 The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module 1 samples pin;
When calculating partial pressure resistance R8 and R12, it need to come in conjunction with the value for the R0 that MiCS-4514 sensor adaptively goes out in air Select suitable voltage value, Standard resistance range is respectively 100K-1500K, 0.8K-20K to the R0 of CO and NOX in air.It is wherein quick Sensitivity factor S60It is defined as value of the aerial value of RS divided by RS in the gas that CO concentration is 60ppm;Sensitivity Factor SR Value of the RS in the gas that NO2 concentration is 0.25ppm is defined as divided by the aerial value of RS.
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, MICS-4514 sensor, needs to preheat sensor when being detected, singly Piece power traction foot exports 5v voltage and heats 35s to sensor by 2N7002BK-215MOSFET pipe, and signal pins export 2.3v and indicate Pre- Warm status.After power supply is connected, the time required for 2.5 ± 0.3 (v) from power supply electrifying to voltage stabilization is measured, as a result table Bright to rise the rapid time less than 100ms, duration is 35 ± 3s, adopts a sample within program setting every 4 minutes, samples in total 11 times, actually adopting back is voltage value that divider resistance is shared, is needed by being scaled resistance value;
The FLASH of PIC16F1508 single-chip microcontroller high-durability writes with a brush dipped in Chinese ink address from 0F80H-0FFFH.It is wanted before writing FLASH The sample value adopted back is screened, common ADC filtering algorithm there are many kinds of such as limit filtration method, middle position value filtering method, Arithmetic mean filter method, recurrence average filter method etc..Since sensor requires air opposite when adaptively going out internal resistance value R0 Continue cleaning, and middle position value filtering method can overcome because of fluctuation interference caused by accidentalia, to changing slow measured parameter There is good filter effect.It is filtered compared to arithmetic mean, the convex increasing or sharp of result may be caused due to primary accidental variation Subtract, not the filtering of suitable gas.So finally selecting middle position value filtering method, and find median selection bubble sort method.
The numerical value write into is verified, it is ensured that the value for writing FLASH every time is all correctly, to need using the school CRC It tests.Data are also required to write-in backup area simultaneously, prevent from reading error when FLASH below, if the data directly read out are wrong Data are read from backup area, reduce the probability for reading corrupt data in this way.
The bubble sort method exactly carries out a kind of algorithm to sort from big to small or from small to large to set of number. Specific method is to exchange adjacent values two-by-two.Since first numerical value, if two neighboring number puts in order and it is expected The position of two numbers is then swapped and (is exchanged) by difference;If consistent with expectation, exchange is not had to.Such process is repeated, It needs to exchange without numerical value to the end always, then completion of sorting.Generally, it if there is N number of number needs to sort, then needs to carry out (N-1) blistering is plowed.Bubble sort needs odd number to be screened number, and median is finally taken to store into single-chip microcontroller FLASH.
CRC, that is, the cyclic redundancy check code is a kind of most common debugging check code, the school CRC in data communication field It tests and is characterized in that the length of information field and check field can be arbitrarily selected.Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) is a kind of data biography Defeated error detection function carries out polynomial computation to data, and obtained result is attached to behind frame, and receiving device also executes similar Algorithm, with guarantee data transmission correctness and integrality.
CRC check principle: the essential idea of CRC check be exactly first added behind the frame to be sent number (this just It is the check code for verifying, it is noted that number here is also binary sequence), it generates a new frame and is sent to reception End.Certainly, this additional number is not that arbitrarily, it will enable new frame generated select jointly with transmitting terminal and receiving end Some certain number divides exactly and (note that not directlying adopt binary division here, is referred to as " module-2 division " using a kind of). After reaching receiving end, then the new frame received divided by (same to use " module-2 division ") this selected divisor.Because sending As soon as end sends data frame before just by adding a number, " going remaining " processing (also aliquot) is done, so result It should be no remainder.If there is remainder, then show that mistake occurs in transmission process in the frame.
The module-2 division is similar with arithmetic division, but each result removed does not influence other positions, i.e., not upward one is borrowed Position, so actually exclusive or.
One group of data is not only only written when writing FLASH, in order to reduce the probability of read-write corrupt data, data are carried out standby Part, specific practice is that former data are written for address all the way of reallocating.If the data (band CRC check position) one of two-way address write-in Mould is the same, indicates that write-in is errorless;It indicates to read if the data (band CRC check position) read from two-way address are also the same Data are errorless, if the data directly read out do not pass through CRC check, read from backup area, and again by the number of backup area According to writing into the main area FLASH.Vice versa.
Sensor powers on read data in FLASH every time, for NOX and CO R0 value to first power on by operation Store into subject to the R0 value of FLASH, behind be all compared operation with this value.Data first are read from the main area FLASH, are passed through CRC check indicates that the data read out are errorless;It is read if wrong from backup area, is equally also required to carry out CRC check.
Pulse width modulates (PWM) the i.e. abbreviation of " Pulse Width Modulation ", and abbreviation pulsewidth modulation is to utilize The numeral output of microprocessor is come a kind of very effective technology for being controlled analog circuit.Namely pulse-width Control.Required voltage is exported by adjusting the RC filter circuit on different duty ratio combination output circuits.
Judge whether present air pollutes, if when needing to export low-voltage progress alert process, need to combine MICS- The RS/R0-ppm line charts of 4514 sensors sets alarm threshold value.It sets CO threshold value and corresponds to RS/R0=0.5 as 10ppm;It is right Answering NO2 threshold value is 1ppm, corresponding RS/R0=6.Accordingly in program given threshold as judgment basis.
It is hot-switched onto normal condition in advance, is preheated by 35s, voltage jump to 4.3v enters the test constantly stage, and voltage is jumped Become the time less than 6ms.
Detect that polluted gas switches voltage, by polluted gas close to sensor, sensor output voltage changes, and surveys Amount is switched to 0.9 ± 0.3 from 4.3v, persistently exports low level 55s, and the voltage jump time is less than 15ms.
Pollution alarm switching voltage is exited, removes pollution gas source, sensor output voltage changes, and measurement is cut from 0.9v 4.3 ± 0.3 (v) are changed to, required time is less than 10ms.
The present invention also provides a kind of detection methods of continuous detection air quality, and described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to single-chip microcontroller after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal Module is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module It is handled;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
The part not illustrated in specification is the prior art or common knowledge.Present embodiment is merely to illustrate the hair It is bright, rather than limit the scope of the invention, the modifications such as equivalent replacement that those skilled in the art make the present invention are recognized To be fallen into invention claims institute protection scope.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality, which is characterized in that described device includes one-chip computer module (1) and monolithic The ADC sampling module (2) of machine module (1) connection, the PWM output module (3) that is connect with one-chip computer module (1), respectively with monolithic The power module (4) of machine module (1) and ADC sampling module (2) connection;
It include the data processing module (11) being stored in single-chip microcontroller in the one-chip computer module (1);
The ADC sampling module (2) further includes the sensor (21) for detecting air quality.
2. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power module (4) Using MRA4007T3G rectifier Anti-surging, MRA4007T3G rectifier surge current is up to 1A, uses NCV78M05BDTRKG Linear voltage regulator exports 5v voltage as one-chip computer module (1) power supply, is carried out using 1SMA24CAT3G TVS diode to circuit Protection also met pressure request, the diode breakdown voltage 26.7v, operating voltage 24v simultaneously, and clamp voltage reaches 38.9v tests 24v or more over-voltage and ensures safety.
3. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-chip computer module (1) 8 8-digit microcontroller-MCU PIC16F1508T-E/ML are used, which uses XLP super low-power consumption management function, standby Electric current is only 25nA, and operating current is only 30uA/MHz, and PIC16F1508 is also integrated with the peripheral hardware independently of kernel, including complementation Waveform generator, digital controlled oscillator, configurable logic cell, track to track amplifier, high-resolution PWM, ADC and DAC, high ratio Compared with device, SPI and I2The LIN's of the MSSP module and compatible RS-232, RS-485 of the main synchronous serial interface of C both of which Enhanced general synchronous/asynchronous transceiver EUSART.
4. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PWM output module (3) RC filter circuit is configured in, NSR0230P2T5G Schottky diode is placed on behind RC filter circuit and is playing external power supply just The effect of cathode reversal connection retains pull-up inside R15, voltage is exported with the polarity of D3.Use PESD5V0LUA TVS diode protects output circuit.
5. a kind of device of continuous detection air quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ADC sampling module (2) sensor (21) selects MiCS-4514 sensor in, and the sensor is compact mos sensor, is had on one panel Two completely self-contained sensing elements;
ADC_AN7 output end connects one-chip computer module (1) nitrogen oxygen sampler body pin, ADC_ in the ADC sampling module (2) The carbon monoxide that AN3 output end connects one-chip computer module (1) samples pin.
6. a kind of detection method of continuous detection air quality, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
S1, the ADC sampling module are transmitted to one-chip computer module after the analog signal that sensor acquires is converted to digital signal It is handled;
After S2, the one-chip computer module receive the digital signal of transmission, digital signal is stored in data processing module and is carried out Processing;
S3, data processing module will treated exports after data are transmitted to PWM output module by one-chip computer module.
CN201811003735.4A 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 A kind of device and detection method of continuous detection air quality Pending CN109030747A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181218