CN109030497A - A kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030497A CN109030497A CN201810724143.5A CN201810724143A CN109030497A CN 109030497 A CN109030497 A CN 109030497A CN 201810724143 A CN201810724143 A CN 201810724143A CN 109030497 A CN109030497 A CN 109030497A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring systems, comprising: stabilized light source, more monitoring optical fiber, multiple wavelength division multiplexers, multiple photoswitches, optical power acquisition unit, Analysis of optical power unit, optical time domain reflection module and central processing unit；The head end of every monitoring optical fiber is connect with the stabilized light source, and end is connected with the first port of corresponding wavelength division multiplexer；The second port of each wavelength division multiplexer is sequentially connected the optical power acquisition unit and the Analysis of optical power unit；The third port of each wavelength division multiplexer is connect with the photoswitch；The photoswitch is connect with the optical time domain reflection module；The central processing unit is connect with the Analysis of optical power unit, photoswitch and optical time domain reflection module respectively.Real-time online and continuous monitoring, and the overall condition in energy monitoring of structures crack can be achieved in the present invention, and only needs one optical time domain reflectometer of configuration that can reach good crack Quantitative Monitoring effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building, water conservancy industry structural safety monitoring and Gernral Check-up fields, and in particular to a kind of concrete
Structural cracks automatic monitoring system.
Background technique
Cracking phenomena is more universal in concrete structure construction and use, and development to a certain extent, can reduce coagulation
The performance of soil, destroys the globality and safety of structure.Therefore, it is safe to structure is ensured to carry out dynamic and long term monitoring for fracture
It is of great significance.Existing fracture monitoring technique is mainly based on point type electrometric sensor, as inductance type, condenser type crack pass
Sensor etc..Its precision is low, and real-time is poor, is only capable of being observed a small number of measuring points, and interferes vulnerable to environmental factors such as electromagnetic fields, letter
Breath is more limited, it is difficult to adapt to the randomness and uncertain feature in crack.In addition, laser measurement method light propagation conditions
Limitation, adaptability is not strong.In contrast, optical fiber sensing technology has small in size, high sensitivity, long service life, anticorrosive anti-
The advantages that electromagnetic interference capability is strong, to realize distributed continuous monitoring, remote real time monitoring provides feasible way.But current light
Fine Crack Monitoring is mostly at high cost, and mostly single-point monitors, and structure whole monitoring ability is poor, cannot meet requirement of engineering very well.
In the prior art, for the optical time domain reflectometer higher cost of fiber-optic monitoring, and continuous use can occur for a long time
The problem of overheat is even damaged, influences monitoring effect, is unfavorable for long-term accurately monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring systems, can be sharp simultaneously
Distributed multiple cracking near real-time quantitative monitoring is realized with a plurality of monitoring optical fiber, measurement accuracy is high, and it is low in cost, it is adapted to answer on a large scale
With.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system, comprising: stabilized light source, more monitoring optical fiber, multiple wavelength-divisions are multiple
With device, multiple photoswitches, optical power acquisition unit, Analysis of optical power unit, optical time domain reflection module and central processing unit；
Every monitoring optical fiber head end connect with the stabilized light source, end with corresponding wavelength division multiplexer first
Port connection；The second port of each wavelength division multiplexer is sequentially connected the optical power acquisition unit and the Analysis of optical power
Unit；The third port of each wavelength division multiplexer is connect with the photoswitch；The photoswitch and the optical time domain reflection mould
Block connection；The central processing unit is connect with the Analysis of optical power unit, photoswitch and optical time domain reflection module respectively；
The stabilized light source is to the more monitorings fibre optical transmission light, and the optical power acquisition unit acquisition transmitting light is every
Root monitors the optical power on optical fiber, and by Analysis of optical power unit progress dynamic optical power loss analysis, when analyzing
When the optical power loss value monitored on optical fiber to wherein one is more than the Analysis of optical power unit preset optical power thresholding, hair
Send the alarm signal of the monitoring optical fiber to the central processing unit, the central processing unit, which controls the photoswitch selection, to be occurred
The monitoring optical fiber of alarm signal simultaneously starts the optical time domain reflection module；
The optical time domain reflection module, which generates, passes through pulse modulated light pulse, and the light pulse passes through the wavelength-division multiplex
Device is multiplexed into the monitoring optical fiber for alarm signal occur, and the optical time domain reflection module receives the light pulse in the prison
The Rayleigh scattering signal surveyed in optical fiber and Fresnel reflection signal and it is sent to the central processing unit, the central processing
Device analyzes FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS according to the scattered signal and reflection signal.
Preferably, the optical power thresholding is set according to the relationship of the crack and light loss.
Specifically, the optical time domain reflection module is optical time domain reflectometer.
Preferably, the central processing unit further includes data memory module, data analysis module, sound and light alarm module and shows
Show module.
Preferably, the sound and light alarm module is connect with external acoustic-optic alarm.When the Analysis of optical power unit
The optical power loss value that analysis obtains on a wherein monitoring optical fiber is more than the preset optical power door of the Analysis of optical power unit
In limited time, the alarm signal of the monitoring optical fiber is sent to the sound and light alarm module, and the sound and light alarm module triggers the sound
Light warning device carries out sound-light alarm.
Preferably, the display module is connect with external display device.
Preferably, the central processing unit carries out the data of the Rayleigh scattering signal received and Fresnel reflection signal
Real-time grading processing, on the one hand transfers data in the data memory module and is stored, on the other hand by data transmission
It is analyzed into the data analysis module.
Specifically, body structure surface is buried in concrete structure or be arranged in each monitoring optical fiber, pass through the stable light
Constant light is stablized to each monitoring fibre optical transmission optical power characteristic in source, acquires each monitoring optical fiber by the optical power acquisition unit
On optical power, and pass through the Analysis of optical power unit carry out the analysis of dynamic optical power loss, when there is crack in structure, institute
The optical power for stating the monitoring optical fiber near crack can be lost, and the Analysis of optical power unit is according to crack and optical power loss
Relationship be preset with optical power thresholding, when optical power loss value be more than the optical power thresholding when, trigger the acousto-optic report
Alert module is alerted, while the central processing unit controls the photoswitch selection and the monitoring optical fiber of alarm signal occurs and open
The optical time domain reflection module is moved, the optical time domain reflection module, which generates, passes through pulse modulated light pulse, and the light pulse is logical
It crosses the wavelength division multiplexer to be multiplexed into the monitoring optical fiber, and the reverse transfer in the monitoring optical fiber, the optical time domain are anti-
Penetrate module receive it is described monitoring optical fiber in Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection signal, the signal be sent to the central processing
Device simultaneously analyzes FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS by the data analysis module, and the data analysis module is split by Fresnel reflection signal framing
The generation position of seam obtains the position in crack, aperture, carries out the quantitative informations such as direction by Rayleigh scattering signal.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are 1) to take full advantage of optical fiber small in size, sensitive by the present invention
The advantages that spending height, precision height, long service life, strong anticorrosive anti-electromagnetic interference capability, by laying more monitoring optical fiber, in real time
It obtaining the optical power of each monitoring optical fiber and carries out optical power loss analysis, there is the monitoring optical fiber of warning information in automatic positioning, and
Scattering and reflection signal of the light pulse in the monitoring optical fiber for warning information occur are obtained using optical time domain reflection module, by right
Real-time online and continuous monitoring, and the overall condition of energy monitoring of structures can be achieved in the scattering and the analysis for reflecting signal；2) originally
Invention passes through while monitoring the optical power of each optical fiber, and then is detected to the optical fiber of optical power change exception using optical time domain reflectometer
The information in crack, it is only necessary to configure an optical time domain reflectometer and be equipped with without every monitoring optical fiber, and structure is under normal circumstances
It is used continuously without long-time, cost is greatly saved, and preferable crack Quantitative Monitoring effect can be reached.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is automatic monitoring system schematic diagram in crack of the present invention according to the embodiment；
Fig. 2 is present invention monitoring fiber deployment schematic diagram according to the embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the simulator schematic diagram of SH2001-J plastic Optical Fiber Force light transfer characteristic test according to the embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the test result schematic diagram of SH2001-J plastic Optical Fiber Force light transfer characteristic test according to the embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Clear, complete description is carried out below with reference to technical solution of the attached drawing to various embodiments of the present invention, it is clear that is retouched
Stating hair embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, originally
Field those of ordinary skill obtained all other embodiment without making creative work, belongs to this hair
Bright protected range.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system, comprising: stabilized light source, N root monitor optical fiber, N
A wavelength division multiplexer, N number of photoswitch, optical power acquisition unit, Analysis of optical power unit, optical time domain reflection module and central processing
Device；Every monitoring optical fiber head end connect with the stabilized light source, end with the first port of corresponding wavelength division multiplexer
Connection；The second port of each wavelength division multiplexer is sequentially connected the optical power acquisition unit and the Analysis of optical power list
Member；The third port of each wavelength division multiplexer is connect with the photoswitch；The photoswitch and the optical time domain reflection module
Connection；The central processing unit is connect with the Analysis of optical power unit, photoswitch and optical time domain reflection module respectively；It is described steady
Determine light source and monitor fibre optical transmission light to the N root, the optical power acquisition unit acquisition transmitting light is on every monitoring optical fiber
Optical power, and the analysis of dynamic optical power loss is carried out by the Analysis of optical power unit, when analysis obtains a wherein monitoring
When optical power loss value on optical fiber is more than the Analysis of optical power unit preset optical power thresholding, the monitoring optical fiber is sent
Alarm signal give the central processing unit, the central processing unit controls photoswitch selection and the described of alarm signal occurs
Monitoring optical fiber simultaneously starts the optical time domain reflection module；The optical time domain reflection module, which generates, passes through pulse modulated light pulse,
The light pulse is multiplexed into the monitoring optical fiber for alarm signal occur by the wavelength division multiplexer, the optical time domain reflection
Module receives the light pulse in the Rayleigh scattering signal monitored in optical fiber and Fresnel reflection signal and is sent to
The central processing unit, the central processing unit analyze FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS according to the scattered signal and reflection signal.
Specifically, described by pulse modulated light pulse is by the impulse generator control in the optical time domain reflection module
What laser diode processed issued.
Specifically, the optical power thresholding is set according to the relationship of the crack and light loss.
Specifically, the scattered signal and reflection signal are Rayleigh scattering signal and Fresnel reflection signal.
Specifically, the optical time domain reflection module is optical time domain reflectometer.
Specifically, the central processing unit further includes data memory module, data analysis module, sound and light alarm module and shows
Show module.The sound and light alarm module is connect with external acoustic-optic alarm.When the Analysis of optical power unit is analyzed to obtain
When wherein the optical power loss value on a monitoring optical fiber is more than the Analysis of optical power unit preset optical power thresholding, send
The alarm signal of the monitoring optical fiber gives the sound and light alarm module, and the sound and light alarm module triggers the acoustic-optic alarm
Carry out sound-light alarm.The display module is connect with external display device.The central processing unit dissipates the Rayleigh received
The data for penetrating signal and Fresnel reflection signal carry out real-time grading processing, on the one hand transfer data to the data storage mould
It is stored in block, on the other hand transfers data in the data analysis module and analyzed.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system of the invention is supervised for arched concrete dam crack
It surveys.It monitors optical fiber and uses Mitsubishi SH2001-J plastic optical fiber, it is steady that stabilized light source selects day intrinsic safety to found company MG-921A type
Determine light source, optical power acquisition unit uses JW3233 type light power meter, and optical time domain reflection module uses OTDR-2100POF-650-
4 type optical time domain reflectometers.Finite element analysis model is established according to the architectural characteristic of arch dam and geological conditions, by carrying out to arch dam
Structural analysis judges the potential fracture area of arch dam.The plastic optical fiber is laid in arch dam downstream face in parallel.By the plastics
For fiber deployment in the potential fracture area in top obtained by above-mentioned finite element analysis model, the plastic optical fiber is embedded in dam body
Inside is pasted onto dam surface.Inbuilt plastic optical fiber is laid with different elevations inside dam body, first along described in storehouse surface
The route that plastic optical fiber is laid is slotted in advance, is buried with cement mortar, is then poured with concrete；For dam body table
The plastic optical fiber that face is pasted then is pasted after the completion of dam body main body construction with epoxy structural rubber.
In the present embodiment, by the stabilized light source to the light of each plastic optical fiber launch monitor, adopted by the optical power
Collect the optical power of the light of unit acquisition monitoring, and the analysis of dynamic optical power loss is carried out by the Analysis of optical power unit；Institute
It states Analysis of optical power unit and optical power thresholding is set according to the relationship of crack and optical power loss, when the optical power damage that analysis obtains
When consumption value is more than the respective threshold of setting, triggers the sound and light alarm module and the structural cracks that may occur is alerted, together
Shi Suoshu central processing unit, which controls the photoswitch selection, to be there is the monitoring optical fiber of alarm signal and starts the optical time domain reflection
Instrument, the optical time domain reflectometer, which generates, passes through pulse modulated light pulse, and the light pulse is multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexer
Into the monitoring optical fiber, and the reverse transfer in the monitoring optical fiber；The central processing unit passes through the optical time domain reflection
Instrument receives Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection signal in the monitoring optical fiber, and analyzes crack by the data analysis module
Feature.
The determination of FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS is to test to obtain according to SH2001-J plastic Optical Fiber Force light transfer characteristic in the present embodiment
's.
The experiment simulator of SH2001-J plastic Optical Fiber Force light transfer characteristic test is as shown in figure 3, in the simulation
In device, plastic optical fiber one end (POF) connects optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), and the other end connects plastic optical fiber tail optical fiber, two pieces of glass
Glass plate, which relatively moves, can be achieved the simulation that fracture is carried out；Plastic optical fiber and crack arrangement in different angles are repeatedly tried
It tests, the light loss under different fracture apertures and different plastic optical fibers and crack angle can be obtained.In test, by plastic light
It is fine with crack (30 °, 45 °, 60 °) in different angles arrange and simultaneously carry out test of many times, using in plastic optical fiber light loss it is horizontal as
Crack Monitoring index.Record fracture aperture value and corresponding light loss are horizontal in real time during test, when light loss level no longer
Occur to stop test when significant change, test result is as shown in Figure 4.Regression analysis is carried out to data by a large number of experiments, is obtained
The relationship of plastic optical fiber light loss and fracture aperture and fracture width:
In formula, A is light loss, and δ is fracture aperture, and θ is the angle of plastic optical fiber and crack, c1To c5Indicate regression coefficient
(that is, constant term).
Specifically, when structure cracks, the first Fresnel reflection event point received according to optical time domain reflectometer
It sets and carries out crack positioning, when crack and adjacent two optical fiber exist when two intersection points, folder is determined according to intersection position geometrical relationship
The optical scattering losses of angle θ, the crack and plastic optical fiber intersection point that are then obtained by monitoring determine aperture δ, and light here scatters damage
Consumption is obtained by optical time domain reflectometer measurement.
Specifically, the position of two intersection points can be obtained according to two Fresnel reflection case point positions first, it is assumed that crack
Development direction is constant, i.e. the angle in crack and adjacent two plastic optical fibers is θ, then can be determined according to the position of two intersection points should
Angle theta measures optical scattering losses A in described two point of intersection respectively1、A2, according to above-mentioned optical scattering losses A and fracture aperture δ and
δ can be obtained in the relational expression in crack and plastic optical fiber angle theta, that is, the position in crack, aperture and development direction has been determined.
In conclusion can determine that crack is being encircleed by the measurement result for integrating all plastic optical fibers laid on arch dam
Spatial distribution and fracture aperture on dam, to realize the Quantitative Monitoring in crack.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment, or some or all of the technical features are equal
Replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system characterized by comprising stabilized light source, more monitoring optical fiber, more
A wavelength division multiplexer, multiple photoswitches, optical power acquisition unit, Analysis of optical power unit, optical time domain reflection module and centre
Manage device；
Every monitoring optical fiber head end connect with the stabilized light source, end with the first port of corresponding wavelength division multiplexer
Connection；The second port of each wavelength division multiplexer is sequentially connected the optical power acquisition unit and the Analysis of optical power list
Member；The third port of each wavelength division multiplexer is connect with the photoswitch；The photoswitch and the optical time domain reflection module
Connection；The central processing unit is connect with the Analysis of optical power unit, photoswitch and optical time domain reflection module respectively；
The stabilized light source is supervised to the more monitorings fibre optical transmission light, the optical power acquisition unit acquisition transmitting light at every
The optical power on optical fiber is surveyed, and the analysis of dynamic optical power loss is carried out by the Analysis of optical power unit, when analysis obtains it
In optical power loss value on monitoring optical fiber when being more than the preset optical power thresholding of the Analysis of optical power unit, send institute
The alarm signal of monitoring optical fiber is stated to the central processing unit, the central processing unit controls the photoswitch selection and alerts
The monitoring optical fiber of signal simultaneously starts the optical time domain reflection module；
The optical time domain reflection module, which generates, passes through pulse modulated light pulse, and the light pulse is multiple by the wavelength division multiplexer
It uses in the monitoring optical fiber for alarm signal occur, the optical time domain reflection module receives the light pulse in the monitoring light
Rayleigh scattering signal and Fresnel reflection signal in fibre are simultaneously sent to the central processing unit, the central processing unit root
FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS is analyzed according to the scattered signal and reflection signal.
2. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical power
Thresholding is set according to the relationship of the crack and light loss.
3. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the centre
Managing device further includes data memory module, data analysis module, sound and light alarm module and display module.
4. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the acousto-optic report
Alert module is connect with external acoustic-optic alarm.
5. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the display mould
Block is connect with external display device.
6. a kind of concrete structure crack automatic monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the centre
It manages device and the data of the Rayleigh scattering signal received and Fresnel reflection signal is subjected to real-time grading processing, on the one hand by data
It is transmitted in the data memory module and is stored, on the other hand transfer data in the data analysis module and divided
Analysis.
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| CN109682308A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-26 | 河海大学 | Plastic optical fiber Crack Monitoring device and monitoring method based on optical time domain reflection |
| CN112762851A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Crack simulation calibration device based on fracture mechanics and optical fiber sensing |
| CN114965007A (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2022-08-30 | 西北工业大学 | Crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method |
| CN117664245A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-08 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Dam safety real-time monitoring system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109682308A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-26 | 河海大学 | Plastic optical fiber Crack Monitoring device and monitoring method based on optical time domain reflection |
| CN112762851A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Crack simulation calibration device based on fracture mechanics and optical fiber sensing |
| CN112762851B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-12-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Crack simulation calibration device based on fracture mechanics and optical fiber sensing |
| CN114965007A (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2022-08-30 | 西北工业大学 | Crack tip plastic zone monitoring device and method |
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