CN109029733B - Double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device - Google Patents
Double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029733B CN109029733B CN201810594071.7A CN201810594071A CN109029733B CN 109029733 B CN109029733 B CN 109029733B CN 201810594071 A CN201810594071 A CN 201810594071A CN 109029733 B CN109029733 B CN 109029733B
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/007—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for earth observation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/0205—Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements
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- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device, which comprises two infrared temperature measuring cores, a fixed-angle infrared core bracket and a fixing screw, wherein the fixed-angle infrared core bracket is arranged on the fixed-angle infrared core bracket; the fixed-angle infrared movement support is an inverted V-shaped mounting support with a fixed angle and consists of a back plate and two inclined slope surfaces forming an inverted V shape, wherein the back plate and the inclined slope surfaces form an angle of 90 degrees; the two slope surfaces are used for installing an infrared temperature measuring machine core, and two through holes are formed in the back plate; the two infrared temperature measuring machine cores are respectively arranged on two slope surfaces of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket through fixing screws, the left-side infrared temperature measuring machine core lens faces downwards, and the right-side infrared temperature measuring machine core lens faces downwards; the front side surfaces of the two infrared temperature measuring cores are overlapped with the backboard of the fixed-angle infrared core bracket. The device skillfully utilizes the basic principle of aerial photogrammetry and adds the oblique photogrammetry technology to double the data acquisition source, thereby improving the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a dual-infrared load parallel data acquisition device, which is a device for quickly and efficiently acquiring ground surface temperature information. The method is mainly applied to industries such as water conservancy and surveying and mapping, and particularly applied to places where geographical environments are complex and personnel are difficult to reach. The device can be used with an unmanned aerial vehicle to realize the function of acquiring the temperature information in a large range. Relates to the technical field of infrared remote sensing and aviation remote sensing devices.
Background
The device of the invention is a new device derived from aerial photogrammetry, as well as tilt photography.
The basic principle of aerial photogrammetry of single photo mapping is perspective transformation of center projection, and the basic principle of stereo mapping is geometric inversion of projection process. Aerial photogrammetry operations are divided into the field and the field.
The field includes:
the photo control points are usually marker points distributed on the ground before aerial photography, or obvious object points (such as road crossing points and the like) on the photo can be selected, and the plane coordinates and the elevation of the photo control points can be measured by common measuring methods such as angle measuring intersection, ranging leads, external level leads and elevation leads and the like. The photo is set and drawn, and elements such as ground features, landforms and the like are drawn by a specified topographic map symbol through interpretation on the photo; mapping important ground objects without images and newly added ground objects; the mark is obtained by investigating the obtained place name. And (5) combining the image measurement, and mapping contour lines on a single photo or the photo image by using a flat panel instrument.
The internal industry includes:
the control point of the encrypted mapping is based on the photo control point, and the control point required by mapping is deduced and the plane coordinates and the elevation thereof are checked by using an aerial triangulation method. And measuring the original map of the terrain. The basic principle of single-shot mapping is perspective transformation of center projection, and the geometric inversion of the photographing process is the basic principle of stereo mapping. In a broad sense, the basic principle of the former case is also the geometric inversion of the photographic process.
The existing infrared camera carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle is a single lens, the scanning breadth is limited, if the operation area is wide, the infrared signal reflectivity of a target area tends to be normalized to ensure the reliability of data, more integrated data are required to be acquired as much as possible in a single aviation flight, and meanwhile, the infrared reflectivity data are considered to have certain variability, so that more single-view effective information is ensured, and data errors caused by a jigsaw algorithm are avoided to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device which is used for an infrared temperature measurement technology in an aviation measurement technology, so as to solve the defects in the prior art, and mainly realizes the aim of synchronously acquiring data by installing two thermal infrared cameras according to a certain connection structure.
The invention relates to a double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device which comprises two infrared temperature measuring cores, a fixed-angle infrared core bracket and a fixing screw.
The fixed-angle infrared movement support is an inverted V-shaped mounting support with a fixed angle and consists of a back plate and two inclined slope surfaces forming an inverted V shape, wherein the back plate and the inclined slope surfaces form an angle of 90 degrees; the two slope surfaces are used for installing an infrared temperature measuring machine core, and two through holes are formed in the back plate; wherein, the included angle of the two inclined planes is 6.45 degrees multiplied by 2.
The two infrared temperature measuring machine cores are respectively arranged on two slope surfaces of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket through fixing screws, the lens of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the right side surface is overlapped with the left slope surface of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket; the lens of the right infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the left side face is overlapped with the right slope face of the fixed angle infrared machine core bracket; the front side surfaces of the two infrared temperature measuring cores are overlapped with the backboard of the fixed-angle infrared core bracket. The resolution of the two infrared temperature measuring cores is 640 x 512.
The overlapping degree of the two infrared temperature measuring machine cores is consistent with the overlapping degree between the navigation belts by 60 percent; the overlapping degree corresponding to the deflection angle of the device is suitable for data acquisition tasks with the flight height of 201.2m, and the height error is +/-5 meters.
During installation, two slope surfaces of the fixed-angle infrared machine core support, the back plate, the left side surface and the right side surface of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core, the front surfaces of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core and the right infrared temperature measuring machine core are overlapped, the height of the infrared temperature measuring machine core is adjusted, the positioning mounting hole of the infrared temperature measuring machine core is concentric with the through hole on the back plate, and then a fixing screw is screwed, so that the infrared temperature measuring machine core and the fixed-angle infrared machine core support are fixed.
The invention relates to a double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device, which has the advantages and effects that: the device skillfully utilizes the basic principle of aerial photogrammetry and adds the oblique photogrammetry technology to double the data acquisition source, thereby improving the working efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a structure diagram of the fixed angle infrared movement support of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the invention installed in a load head.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working effect of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating image acquisition of an embodiment of the present invention applied to an entire unmanned aerial vehicle system.
The reference numerals in the figures are specifically as follows:
1. infrared temperature measuring machine core 2, fixed angle infrared machine core bracket 3 and load cabin
21. Slope surface 22, back plate 23 and through hole
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises two infrared temperature measuring machine cores 1, a fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket 2 and fixing screws.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixed angle infrared movement support 2 is an inverted V-shaped mounting support with a fixed angle, and is composed of a back plate 22 and two inclined surfaces 21 forming an inverted V-shape, wherein the back plate and the inclined surfaces form an angle of 90 degrees; the two slope surfaces 21 are used for installing the infrared temperature measuring machine core 1, and two through holes 23 are formed in the back plate; wherein, the included angle of the two inclined planes is 6.45 degrees multiplied by 2.
The two infrared temperature measuring machine cores 1 are respectively arranged on the two slope surfaces 21 of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket 2 through fixing screws, the lens of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the right side surface is overlapped with the left slope surface of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket; the lens of the right infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the left side face is overlapped with the right slope face of the fixed angle infrared machine core bracket; the front side surfaces of the two infrared temperature measuring cores are overlapped with the backboard of the fixed-angle infrared core bracket.
During installation, the two slope surfaces 21 and the back plate 22 of the fixed-angle infrared machine core support 2 are overlapped with the left side surface, the right side surface and the front surface of the left infrared temperature machine core 1 and the right side surface of the right infrared temperature machine core 1 respectively, the height of the infrared temperature machine core is adjusted, the positioning mounting hole of the infrared temperature machine core is concentric with the through hole on the back plate, and then a fixing screw is screwed on, so that the infrared temperature machine core and the fixed-angle infrared machine core support are fixed.
After the installation is completed, the whole double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device is fixed in a load cabin 3 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, as shown in fig. 3. The head part and the body of the load cabin are parting lines, the inside of the load cabin is in a face form, the installation of the double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device is facilitated, and finally the double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device is fixed on a load plane by three fixing screws.
The angles of the lenses of the two infrared temperature measuring cores and the vertical direction of the fixed-angle infrared core support are 6.45 degrees respectively, and the resolution ratio of the cores is 640 x 512.
From the formula of aerial triangulation, it can be derived:
f/h=μ/X
f is the focal length of the infrared temperature measuring machine core, and f=19mm; μ is the phase element size of the infrared temperature measuring movement, μ=17μm; x is the spatial resolution, an infrared image is to be taken as x1=15cmx2=18cmx3=20cm; h is the altitude of the flight route, and h1≡167.6mh2≡201.2m can be obtained through calculation of a formula. h3.about.223.5m (in actual flight, allowed flying height error within + -5 meters)
During the data acquisition process, a certain degree of overlapping must be followed between photos, and a common scanning route has a route overlapping degree and a side overlapping degree.
The course overlap is the percentage of overlap between photographs taken every two times an aircraft flies along a straight line. The side overlap is the percentage of overlap between adjacent photographs on two routes during the flight of the aircraft.
Typically, heading overlap should not be less than 70%, and side overlap should not be less than 30%, with 80% heading overlap and 60% side overlap being preferred given the low resolution of the infrared image. The overlapping degree can be adjusted according to the specific condition of the range of the flight task.
Therefore, the angle between the two infrared temperature measuring cores is fixed, and the principle can be simply understood as a parallel camera, namely a camera lens with wider visual angle and larger shooting picture. For the device, the load model is fixed, replacement is not recommended, and if a camera is replaced, the camera is affected by factors such as an angle of view, a breadth, a focal length and the like, so that the change of the overlapping degree is caused, and the use is inconvenient due to the fact that the overlapping degree is too large or too small.
Examples:
The double-infrared load parallel data acquisition device is arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle system, the flying height is h1 approximately 167.6mh2 approximately 201.2mh3 approximately 223.5m, the photo spatial resolution is 15, 18cm and 20cm, if the front projection is carried out, the long-side picture of the shot picture is as follows:
w=x×w (number of long-side pixels)
The short-side drawing is as follows:
l=x×l (number of short-side pixels)
The overlapping degree of the two infrared temperature measuring cores in the device is required to be consistent with the overlapping degree between the navigation belts by 60 percent. The two pictures can be separated by adjusting the angle of the infrared temperature measuring machine core, and the two pictures are overlapped in the middle. The distance of the overlapping portions is:
α=W*(1-60%)
therefore, the deflection angles of the infrared temperature measuring machine core corresponding to the images with different resolutions can be obtained as follows:
the corresponding overlapping degree of the deflection angle of the device is only suitable for a data acquisition task with the flight height of 201.2m (in the actual flight process, the allowable flight height error is +/-5 meters), and the side overlapping degree is 60%.
The efficiency of the device is improved by nearly half compared with that of a common single-head infrared acquisition device.
Fig. 4 is a working schematic diagram of a dual infrared load parallel data acquisition device, and the breadth is increased while the aerial photo overlapping of two cameras is ensured. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of image acquisition of the entire unmanned aerial vehicle system.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a parallelly connected data acquisition device of two infrared load which characterized in that: the device comprises two infrared temperature measuring cores, a fixed-angle infrared core bracket and a fixing screw;
The fixed-angle infrared movement support is an inverted V-shaped mounting support with a fixed angle and consists of a back plate and two inclined slope surfaces forming an inverted V shape, wherein the back plate and the inclined slope surfaces form an angle of 90 degrees; the two slope surfaces are used for installing an infrared temperature measuring machine core, and two through holes are formed in the back plate; wherein the included angle of the two slope surfaces is 6.45 degrees multiplied by 2;
the two infrared temperature measuring machine cores are respectively arranged on two slope surfaces of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket through fixing screws, the lens of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the right side surface is overlapped with the left slope surface of the fixed-angle infrared machine core bracket; the lens of the right infrared temperature measuring machine core faces downwards, and the left side face is overlapped with the right slope face of the fixed angle infrared machine core bracket; the front side surfaces of the two infrared temperature measuring cores are overlapped with the backboard of the fixed-angle infrared core bracket;
The overlapping degree of the two infrared temperature measuring cores is consistent with the overlapping degree between the navigation belts by 60 percent; the overlapping degree corresponding to the deflection angle of the device is suitable for a data acquisition task with the flying height of 201.2m, and the height error is +/-5 meters;
When the device is installed, the two slope surfaces of the fixed-angle infrared machine core support, the back plate, the left side surface and the right side surface of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core and the front surface of the left infrared temperature measuring machine core and the right infrared temperature measuring machine core are overlapped, the height of the infrared temperature measuring machine core is adjusted, the positioning installation hole of the infrared temperature measuring machine core is concentric with the through hole on the back plate, and then the fixing screw is screwed, so that the infrared temperature measuring machine core and the fixed-angle infrared machine core support are fixed.
2. The dual infrared load parallel data acquisition device of claim 1, wherein: the resolution of the two infrared temperature measuring cores is 640 x 512.
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