CN109026126B - Comprehensive treatment method for upwind coal cutting and dust production of fully mechanized coal mining face coal mining machine - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for upwind coal cutting and dust production of fully mechanized coal mining face coal mining machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109026126B CN109026126B CN201811107811.6A CN201811107811A CN109026126B CN 109026126 B CN109026126 B CN 109026126B CN 201811107811 A CN201811107811 A CN 201811107811A CN 109026126 B CN109026126 B CN 109026126B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
- E21C35/223—Equipment associated with mining machines for sucking dust-laden air from the cutting area, with or without cleaning of the air
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method for dust production during upwind coal cutting of a fully mechanized coal mining face coal mining machine. Firstly, quickly wetting front and rear rollers of a coal mining machine and broken coal bodies collapsing nearby the front and rear rollers by using a first spraying device; guiding the flying dust to move downwards along one side of the coal wall by utilizing a dust blocking curtain, a second spraying device and a third spraying device; the fourth spraying device and the fifth spraying device are used for intensively and efficiently purifying the high-concentration dusty airflow which is guided to one side of the coal wall; and finally, settling escaping dust by using a sixth spraying device. The total dust falling efficiency reaches more than 90%, the respiratory dust falling efficiency reaches more than 85%, and finally, the dust is effectively treated in the process of cutting coal against the wind of the coal mining machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal mine dust treatment method, in particular to a comprehensive treatment method for the dust produced by cutting coal against the wind of a coal cutter on a fully mechanized mining face.
Background
When the coal mining machine cuts coal against the wind, impact dust production caused by roller cutting and coal body collapse is the key point and difficulty of dust control of the fully mechanized coal mining face at present. In the process of cutting coal by the coal mining machine against the wind, the upwind roller cuts the top coal to cause the front area to collapse and impact very seriously to generate dust, high-concentration dusty airflow can be formed under the action of the wind current and is rapidly transported to the position of the rocker arm, then the lifted rocker arm blocks the airflow and turns over the cable groove, and finally the airflow is diffused to one side of the pedestrian path, so that the dust concentration in a driver of the coal mining machine and the downwind operation area far exceeds the relevant national regulations, and the mine safety production and the physical and mental health of operators are seriously threatened. Especially for high-dust-production-strength coal mines with the occupation ratio of more than 80 percent in China, the occupational hazard of dust is more prominent. The high-dust-strength coal mine is a part of mines with the characteristics of high yield, high efficiency, special physicochemical properties of coal beds and the like, wherein the high yield and the high efficiency are mainly shown in that the mine yield is high, the mining process is advanced, the mechanization degree is high, and the mining speed is high; the physicochemical properties of the coal bed are mainly shown in that the mined coal bed is thicker, the original moisture content is low, the porosity is low, the permeability is poor, the wettability is poor, and the firmness coefficient is low. The original total dust concentration of a driver of a high-dust-production-strength coal mine fully-mechanized mining face is more than hundreds of mg/m3 generally, and some of the original total dust concentration even reaches more than 2000-5000 mg/m3, so that the working environment is extremely severe, and effective treatment is urgently needed.
At present, the technology for treating coal cutting dust of a fully mechanized coal mining face coal cutter is more in variety and mainly takes a spraying measure as a main measure, and mainly comprises a secondary negative pressure spraying dust falling technology aiming at coal cutting and dust production of a roller of the coal cutter, a coal cutter dust source tracking spraying dust falling technology, a dust-containing airflow spraying control technology aiming at collapse impact dust production of broken coal at an upper air roller and a negative pressure induced dust removal technology aiming at lower air flow of the coal cutter. The secondary negative pressure dust settling technology is used for wetting front and rear rollers by two groups of high-pressure spray arranged at the root part of a rocker arm of a coal mining machine to achieve the purpose of dust settling, the dust settling effect of more than 80% can be achieved on fully mechanized mining surfaces with general low wind speed (less than 2.0 m/s) and mining height of about 2.0m, but the dust settling efficiency is only about 40% -50% due to the influence of the contrary wind on the spray on some fully mechanized mining surfaces with high wind speed (more than 3.0 m/s) and large mining height (more than 3.0 m). The dust source tracking spraying dust-settling technology of the coal mining machine is used for covering front and rear rollers of the coal mining machine by utilizing a plurality of groups of high-pressure sprays installed at the top of a support to achieve the purpose of dust settling, effectively solves the problem that the rollers cannot be effectively covered by the upwind sprays of a high-wind-speed coal face, simultaneously realizes automatic opening and closing of the sprays following the coal mining machine, greatly improves the automation degree of dustproof equipment, is matched with the secondary negative-pressure spraying dust-settling technology of the coal mining machine, can form a three-dimensional dust-controlling water curtain at the rollers, and has the dust-settling efficiency of about 70-80%. The dust-containing airflow control technology of the coal mining machine is characterized in that high-concentration dust-containing airflow formed by collapse impact of an upper air roller of the coal mining machine is guided to move close to a coal wall by a plurality of groups of high-pressure downwind injection sprays arranged at the upper air roller and on a machine body of the coal mining machine, so that dust is prevented from diffusing to one side of a sidewalk, the dust falling efficiency of the technology can reach about 80% on a fully-mechanized mining working face with common dust production intensity, for a high-dust production intensity coal mine, the sprays can not completely prevent the dust-containing airflow from diffusing to one side of the sidewalk of the working face, the dust falling efficiency is only about 60% -70%, the high-concentration dust transported along one side of the coal wall can not be effectively treated, and finally the dust can still enter an air flow area under the coal mining machine, so that the environments of column lowering moving racks and top coal caving operators. The essence of the fully-mechanized mining face negative pressure induced dust removal technology is that compressed air spray is utilized to form full-section spray in the downwind area of a coal mining machine to settle dust generated in the coal cutting process, the technology belongs to one of supplementary dust removal measures, the efficiency can reach about 60%, and the used compressed air spray can reduce the spray water quantity to a certain extent, but can still cause water mist on a working face to be diffused, so that the operation environment of the downwind area of the coal mining machine is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low dust-settling efficiency of the coal cutter during cutting coal against the wind and produce dust in the prior art, and provides a comprehensive treatment method for the coal cutter during cutting coal against the wind and produce dust on a fully mechanized mining face.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method for the dust produced by the coal cutter on the fully mechanized mining face cutting against the wind follows the dust treatment idea of firstly restraining, then controlling and then lowering (removing), and comprehensively treats the dust pollution problem of the coal cutter on the fully mechanized mining face cutting against the wind with high dust intensity in four levels.
Comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, rapidly wetting front and rear rollers of the coal mining machine and broken coal bodies collapsing nearby by using a first spraying device, effectively increasing the moisture content of the surfaces of the broken coal bodies, and inhibiting dust from generating and flying from sources.
Secondly, guiding the flying dust to climb over a rocker arm of the coal mining machine and move downwards along one side of the coal wall by utilizing a dust blocking curtain, a second spraying device and a third spraying device, wherein the dust blocking curtain and the rocker arm on the windward side can form a semi-closed space between the root of the rocker arm on the windward side of the coal mining machine and a chute coal blocking plate, so that the dust generated by caving impact can be accumulated; the second spraying device can forcibly change the flow direction of the airflow reaching the coal mining machine and can guide the dusty airflow to cross the rocker arm, so that the accumulated dust is forced to move downwards along one side of the coal wall; the third spraying device can further inject dusty airflow to move along one side of the coal wall in the body area of the coal mining machine, and can prevent dust from diffusing to one side of a sidewalk and simultaneously settle the dust.
And step three, the fourth spraying device is utilized to intensively purify the high-concentration dusty airflow which is guided to move to one side of the coal wall, so that the escape of dust is reduced, the high-concentration dusty airflow which moves along one side of the coal wall can be efficiently and intensively pumped and purified, and the fifth spraying device is matched to effectively reduce the escape of dust to the downwind side.
And step four, forming a fog flow barrier by using a sixth spraying device, and settling the escaped dust.
Preferably, in the first step, the first spraying device is arranged on the top of the support of the coal mining machine. The first spraying device is automatically opened and closed by means of a dust source tracking spraying dust-settling system of a mining coal mining machine. A dust source tracking, spraying and dust settling system of a mining coal mining machine is a prior art, and can be referred to patent document No. CN206290258u, which is not described herein again.
Preferably, in the second step, a section of rigid cantilever beam extends from the end of the coal mining machine walking part, the second spraying devices are uniformly arranged on the rigid cantilever beam, the dust blocking curtain is hung below the rigid cantilever beam, and the third spraying devices are uniformly arranged on one side, close to the sidewalk, of the machine surface of the coal mining machine walking part. The effect of this arrangement is: the second spraying device and the third spraying device can work normally and can be prevented from being smashed by coal blocks.
Preferably, in the third step, the fourth spraying device is arranged on the face of the coal mining machine, negative pressure is formed in the cavity by high-pressure spraying, and the high-concentration dusty airflow is sucked and purified. The fifth spraying device is installed at the root of the rocker arm of the drum at the leeward side of the coal mining machine, and further purifies dusty airflow while wetting the drum at the leeward side.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the sixth spraying device is arranged at the top position of the support of the coal mining machine. By means of the dust source tracking, spraying and dust falling system of the mining coal mining machine, the sixth spraying device is automatically opened and closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dust treatment method for the high-dust-yield coal mine follows the dust treatment idea of firstly restraining, then controlling and then reducing (removing), and can greatly reduce the dust concentration at the driver in the middle of the coal mining machine and the downwind side of the machine body when the coal mining machine on the fully mechanized mining face cuts coal against the wind. The dust control measure of the existing coal mine dust treatment technology is single, the dust control method can be well matched with a coal mining machine, and the dust control measure of multiple levels is adopted, so that the dust control efficiency is greatly improved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a first spraying device, 2-a dust-blocking curtain, 3-a second spraying device, 4-a third spraying device, 5-a fourth spraying device, 6-a fifth spraying device, 7-a sixth spraying device, 8-a coal mining machine, 9-a coal body, 10-a coal mining machine rocker arm, 11-a coal mining machine bracket and 12-a rigid cantilever beam.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a front view of a coal mining machine 8 when mining a coal body 9, and fig. 2 is a plan view. The first spraying device 1 is arranged at the top of a bracket 11 of the coal mining machine, the second spraying devices 3 are uniformly arranged on a rigid cantilever beam 12, a dust blocking curtain 2 is hung below the rigid cantilever beam 12, and the third spraying devices 4 are uniformly arranged on one side of the machine surface of a walking part of the coal mining machine close to a sidewalk. The dust-blocking curtain 2 and the coal mining machine rocker arm 10 on the upwind side can form a semi-closed space at the end part of the coal mining machine, and can accumulate dust generated by collapse impact. The fourth spraying device 5 is arranged on the machine face of the coal mining machine close to one side of the coal wall, the fifth spraying device 6 is arranged at the root of a roller rocker arm on the leeward side of the coal mining machine, and the sixth spraying device 7 is arranged at the top of a bracket 11 of the coal mining machine.
The dust treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the dust pollution problem of the fully mechanized coal mining face coal mining machine during cutting coal against the wind is comprehensively managed by four steps according to the dust management idea of firstly restraining, then controlling and then descending (removing). As shown in fig. 1, an air flow flows through a coal mining machine 8 from direction a, firstly, a first spraying device 1 is used for quickly wetting broken coal bodies collapsing at the front roller and the rear roller of the coal mining machine and nearby thereof, and the generation and the flying of dust are inhibited as far as possible from the source; the first spraying device 1 adopts a nozzle with strong wind resistance, can realize quick wetting of broken coal bodies on front and rear rollers of the coal mining machine and a chute nearby the front and rear rollers, cannot generate a large amount of water mist to influence the sight of a driver, and can realize automatic opening and closing by means of a coal mining machine dust source tracking, spraying and dust control system.
Guiding the flying dust to climb over a rocker arm 10 of the coal mining machine and move downwards along one side of the coal wall by using the dust blocking curtain 2 and the second spraying device 3, so as to prevent the flying dust from diffusing to one side of a sidewalk; the third spraying devices 4 are uniformly arranged on one side, close to the sidewalk, of the machine surface of the walking part of the coal mining machine. The dust-blocking curtain 2 and the coal mining machine rocker arm 10 on the upwind side can form a semi-closed space at the end part of the coal mining machine, and can accumulate dust generated by collapse impact; the second spraying device 3 can forcibly change the flow direction of the air flow reaching the coal mining machine, and the accumulated dust is forced to move downwards along one side of the coal wall over the rocker arm; the third spraying device 4 can further inject dusty airflow to move along one side of the coal wall in the body area of the coal mining machine, and the dust is prevented from diffusing to one side of the sidewalk and simultaneously is settled.
And the fourth spraying device 5 and the fifth spraying device 6 are used for intensively and efficiently purifying the high-concentration dusty airflow which is guided to one side of the coal wall, so that the escape of the dust is reduced to the maximum extent.
And finally, a fog screen is formed by using the sixth spraying device 7, escaping dust is settled, the dust pollution of the downwind area of the coal mining machine is reduced, and the dust hazard of the coal mining machine in the process of cutting coal against the wind is effectively treated.
Claims (3)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for the dust produced by the coal cutter on the fully mechanized mining face through cutting coal against the wind is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a first spraying device is installed at the top of a bracket of the coal mining machine, and front and rear rollers of the coal mining machine and broken coal bodies falling nearby the front and rear rollers are quickly wetted by the first spraying device;
step two, a section of rigid cantilever beam extending out along the advancing direction of the coal mining machine is arranged at the end head of the walking part of the coal mining machine, second spraying devices are uniformly arranged on the rigid cantilever beam, a dust blocking curtain is hung below the rigid cantilever beam, and third spraying devices are uniformly arranged on one side, close to a sidewalk, of the machine surface of the walking part of the coal mining machine; guiding the flying dust by using a dust blocking curtain, a second spraying device and a third spraying device, and moving the dust downwards along one side of the coal wall after the dust passes over a rocker arm of the coal mining machine;
thirdly, mounting a fourth spraying device at the position of the machine surface of the coal mining machine close to one side of the coal wall, and mounting a fifth spraying device at the root of a roller rocker arm at the leeward side of the coal mining machine; intensively purifying the high-concentration dusty gas flow conveyed to one side of the coal wall by using a fourth spraying device and a fifth spraying device;
and fourthly, arranging a sixth spraying device at the top of the bracket of the coal mining machine, and forming a fog flow barrier by using the sixth spraying device to settle the escaped dust.
2. The comprehensive treatment method for the coal mining machine of the fully mechanized mining face for upwind coal cutting and dust production according to claim 1, further comprising controlling the first spraying device to be turned on and off by a dust source tracking spraying dust settling system of the mining machine.
3. The comprehensive treatment method for the coal mining machine of the fully mechanized mining face to cut coal against the wind and generate dust of claim 1, further comprising controlling the sixth spraying device to be turned on and off by a dust source tracking spraying dust settling system of the mining machine.
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| CN111101938B (en) * | 2020-02-15 | 2021-02-26 | 北京中矿兴宝环保科技有限公司 | Micro-fog dust suppression method based on cutting dust source of coal mining machine |
| CN111677545B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-06-25 | 安徽理工大学 | Combine and adopt working face gas-liquid spraying dust fall system |
| CN112392482B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-12-09 | 太原理工大学 | Device for treating dust on underground coal face by using gas atomization turbulent flow fluid |
| CN113027452B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-11-14 | 山东科技大学 | Multistage multidimensional atomization dust control method and device for large-mining-height fully-mechanized mining face |
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| US5219208A (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-06-15 | Zeigler Coal Holding Company | Scrubber for dispersing dust generated by longwall shearers |
| CN104389630B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-06-01 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of fully-mechanized mining working dust suppression and cleaning apparatus |
| US9810067B2 (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-11-07 | Board Of Trustees Of Southern Illinois University | Spray system for dust control on a mining machine |
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