CN109023356A - The research of Q235 steel Argon arc cladding FeCoCrMoCBY alloy coat - Google Patents
The research of Q235 steel Argon arc cladding FeCoCrMoCBY alloy coat Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023356A CN109023356A CN201811160213.5A CN201811160213A CN109023356A CN 109023356 A CN109023356 A CN 109023356A CN 201811160213 A CN201811160213 A CN 201811160213A CN 109023356 A CN109023356 A CN 109023356A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the researchs of Q235 steel Argon arc cladding FeCoCrMoCBY alloy coat.Fe is obtained by the different alloy powder cladding of configuration proportion on the surface Q235 using argon tungsten-arc welding melting and coating technique48‑xCoxCr15Mo14C15B6Y2(x=0,7,9) alloy coat.Have studied the influences of the technological parameters to coating performance such as Ball-milling Time, coating layer thickness, dry soaking time, welding current, weldingvoltage, the speed of welding of alloy powder.Microstructure object phase, Vickers hardness, the corrosion resistance of iron alloy coating are studied using metallographic microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Vickers, electrochemical workstation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to amorphous alloy coating fields, apply more particularly to Q235 steel Argon arc cladding FeCoCrMoCBY alloy
The research of layer.
Background technique
The modernization construction of 21st century is information-based and industrialized blending, and various industrial products are also applied to respectively
In the complicated special environment of kind, including in one or more situations such as high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, strong corrosive, high speed, and conduct
The steel of the raw material of most products may be met in locating working environment abrasion, fracture, deformation and the table such as hits, wears
It is even more that can be found everywhere that face, which is destroyed, thus limits the use scope of steel material, and reduce the service life of product, reduces
Application field is even more also easy to produce safety accident in product use process and causes economic loss.Q235 steel is used as application wide
General industrial raw materials, it is cheap just because of its, and the features such as have excellent performance, usage amount is huge, applied to construction industry, makes
The fields such as ship industry, manufacturing industry, but since Q235 steel surface corrosion resistance is bad, and hardness is not high, restricts its use scope.
And surface cladding technology is a kind of new technique for rising and growing rapidly in recent years, can use compared with
It is prepared under the premise of low cost in workpiece surface and has both wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high rigidity composite coating, optimize the whole of product
Body performance enhances reliability, extends and uses the time, the cost of enterprise is saved, to increase economic value.Tungsten argon arc cladding
When carrying out practice, metallurgical reaction is relatively easy, and strong operability, can obtain coating ideally.And argon arc
Electric arc in cladding process at tungsten electrode is extremely stable, under small electric current also can more easily striking and burning, therefore be suitable for
Cladding is carried out to light sheet material.Using Argon arc cladding alloy powder coating in Q235 steel matrix, the corrosion resistance on surface is improved,
Hardness etc. makes its overall performance obtain biggish promotion.
Surface cladding technology be it is a kind of make it with matrix melts by the outer alloy that adds of heating and form metallurgical alloy, thus
Prepare the surface coating layer for having both various excellent properties.Go out a laminated layer gold in existing matrix surface deposition, it not only can be with
Retain the original mechanical performance of matrix, and surface abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance and hardness can be greatly enhanced etc., very
That gets well extends the use time of product, reduces security risk, has preferable economy.And current surface cladding technology
Including sensitive surface cladding, cladding laser surfaces, plasma cladding, plasma spray technology, facing surface cladding and tungsten argon arc
Cladding etc..
Tungsten argon arc cladding is different from being under the argon arc gas at its tungsten electrode that heat is concentrated in place of the above other technologies, energy
Metric density is between free electric arc and arc of folding, and operating flexibility is high.Added using Argon arc cladding prepares coating process
Non-oxidation burning phenomenon during heat is cooling.Argon arc welding has more advantages:
(1) under the protective effect of argon gas, alloying element scaling loss amount is less in molten bath, thus is a kind of cladding of more mainstream
Method, this technological means can not only be such that surface is modified, and comparatively ideal fusion penetration can also be obtained by enhancing various excellent properties；
(2) in cladding process, electrode and arc region and fusing metal are in inert gas simultaneously --- the guarantor of argon gas
Under shield, so as to the state in more satisfactory isolation air, reduces metal in fusion process and the adverse effects such as occur aoxidizing；
(3) tungsten argon arc soldering equipment is cheaper compared with other melting and coating technique prices and operates simpler convenience, technology
More easily popularize；
(4) Argon arc cladding may be implemented complex-shaped, the big part that a series of laser melting coatings etc. are difficult to realize and work
Scene be in field etc. have limitation under the conditions of cladding.
There are mainly three types of relatively conventional technology, i.e. precoating alloy powder tungsten argon arcs directly to fuse into for tungsten argon arc cladding
Method, alloy welding wire tungsten argon arc directly fuse into method and alloying element fuses into method indirectly.
Tungsten electrode cladding material includes two kinds, and one is basis materials, another is the pre- cladding layer material for being applied to matrix.
Basis material selects in current industrial production using relatively broad metal material, in this way could be not to having life
Production process passes through in the case where affecting greatly increases cladding layer raising economic value, reduces production cost.Therefore it is selectable
Basis material includes carbon steel, cast iron, aluminium alloy, manganese alloy, evanohm, magnesium alloy etc..And Q235 steel is widely used in building
And engineering structure, it is chiefly used in manufacturing the machine components such as reinforcing bar workshop room frame, bridge, vehicle, ship, there is biggish use value
And researching value.But the properties such as corrosion resistance, surface hardness of Q235 steel are poor, and it is less high to performance requirement to be chiefly used in production
Machine components in, be unfavorable for use of the Q235 in certain ranges, limit its application field.Current surface cladding technology
It is most of by being heat source heating alloy powder or non-alloyed class such as ceramic powders etc. using argon arc, rise it rapidly with matrix skin
Temperature simultaneously melts, and mutually blending to obtain containing different ingredient, and the alloy cladding layer that performance is also greatly improved, from
And significantly improve the corrosion resistance of substrate material surface, abrasion resistance, heat resistance, oxidative resistance, the technique for increasing hardness etc..Therefore it is right
The selection of cladding layer alloy powder also becomes a critical step.Alloy powder can form a variety of different after high temperature cladding
Compound, and compound can increase the wearability and hardness on its surface, and the more original parent metal iron drop of fusing point of alloy
It is much lower, cladding difficulty is also reduced during with argon arc welding.And self-melting alloy refers to degasification, deoxidation, leaching
Profit have excellent performance, the alloy of slag making, have the function of self deoxidation and slag making, i.e. self-fluxing nature.
Self-melting alloy is again since the difference of its main component is segmented are as follows: nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, cobalt base self-fluxing alloy and iron
Base self-fluxing alloy three categories.These alloys can form film in clad layer surface, and alloying element is prevented to be oxidized, and boron can also
Low-alloyed fusing point is dropped, the immersional wetting of alloy is increased, the mobility and surface tension to alloy generate favorable influence.And iron
Base self-melting alloy is the wherein high carbon and chromium type self-melting alloy using a relatively broad seed type, due to existing in ingredient
The carbon and chromium of higher proportion, through eutectic pig iron, there are more boride, carbide in obtained microstructure of surface cladding layer, hardness compared with
Height, wearability and corrosion resistance are preferable.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the application is by cobalt simple substance, chromium simple substance, molybdenum simple substance, carbon simple substance, pure
Boron, yttrium simple substance are added in iron-based powder in the proper ratio, and preparation obtains different types of alloy powder as cladding material.
By analyzing property of the cladding material of different ratio in Q235 steel surface coating, the performance and institutional framework of coating are studied
And the reason of improving surface property, promote the application of this process for modifying surface of Argon arc cladding in actual production and life.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A method of in Q235 steel surface argon tungsten-arc welding cladding ferrous alloy corrosion-resistant finishes, comprising:
Seven kinds of alloy powders of Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, C, B, Y are uniformly mixed, ball milling obtains mixed-powder；
Waterglass is added into mixed-powder, is uniformly mixed, is coated in Q235 matrix surface, it is dry, using tungsten argon arc
Weldering carries out cladding processing to get amorphous alloy coating.
The application selects iron, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, carbon, boron, yttrium in cladding layer powdered elemental.Wherein select cobalt element,
The reasons why molybdenum element, yttrium are as follows: cobalt gets up metal carbides crystal grain other in alloy structure bonding, obtains new product more
Good toughness, and cobalt also has excellent wetability to hard phase, reduces surface to the sensibility of impact, furthermore cobalt is to intergranular
Corrosion also acts as certain delayed-action, this alloying component cladding in piece surface, can make part extend 3 using the time~
7 times.The main function of molybdenum is enhancing alloy reductant (such as sulfuric acid, the environment such as phosphoric acid, organic acid and urea in)
Corrosion resistance, furthermore can also enhance the abilities such as resistance to spot corrosion and the crevice corrosion of alloy, molybdenum is added in alloy to be improved
Elastic limit and fire resistance.Yttrium as steel and the additive of non-ferrous alloy, can enhance these metals inoxidizability and
Ductility.In some embodiments, the molar ratio of described Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, C, B, Y are 48-x:x:15:14:15:6:2,
In, x 0,7,9.
Although laser melting and coating technique is developed rapidly in recent years, since higher cost, process conditions are harsh, because
This, is mainly used in high-end metal parts and repairs market.In order to meet the requirement that low and middle-end metal parts repairs market, this
Application selection prepares FeCoCrMoCBY alloy coat using argon tungsten-arc welding cladding, but finds in research: due in alloy powder
Raw material type is more, and after directly mixing, the dispersibility between each raw material is poor, easily because of hybrid alloys powder and argon tungsten-arc welding cladding
The alloy coat corrosion resistance that process matching difference results in is bad.For this purpose, a variety of hybrid techniques of the application system research
The influence of mixed effect and argon tungsten-arc welding cladding effect to FeCoCrMoCBY alloy powder, gropes by large scale experiment
Afterwards, it finds: using of FeCoCrMoCBY alloy powder and argon tungsten-arc welding melting and coating process after the ball-milling treatment of special process
It is higher with spending, it can effectively promote Fe-Cr phase and generate in the base and even dispersion, and Fe2B and Fe23(C,B)6Equal hard
The content of phase is also higher, and therefore, the FeCoCrMoCBY alloy coat prepared has highly corrosion resistant and high rigidity.
The application research discovery: compared with general cleanser, B2O3Fusing point is very low, in FeCoCrMoCBY alloy molten
When, it is mingled with that adsorption efficiency is higher to oxide, the degree of purity of alloy molten solution is more preferable.
In some embodiments, the ball milling uses stainless steel jar mill and zirconium oxide abrasive ball, and selected ratio of grinding media to material is 15:
1。
In some embodiments, the ball milling is using the different mill ball of 2 kinds of specifications, diameter be respectively 10mm and
5mm, quantity ratio are 1:8.
In some embodiments, the Ball-milling Time is 32 hours, and revolving speed is 100 revs/min, and operation mode is positive and negative rotation
Alternately, 30min is rotated, 10min is shut down.
In some embodiments, the mixed-powder is coated in Q235 matrix surface with a thickness of 1~2mm.
In some embodiments, the specific steps of the drying are as follows: be respectively dried 2 in 80~120 DEG C and 120~160 DEG C
Hour and 1 hour.
In some embodiments, the size of current of the argon tungsten-arc welding is 115~120A, 13~14V of voltage, argon gas stream
Selected 8~the 10L/min of speed, argon arc welding tungsten electrode movement speed are 0.4~0.6 m/min, 2~4mm of arc length.
This application provides the corrosion-resistant finishes of any above-mentioned method preparation.
Present invention also provides loads to have the Q235 steel of above-mentioned corrosion-resistant finishes in manufacture mould parts, reinforcing bar, workshop
Application in room frame, high-voltage power transmission tower, bridge, vehicle, boiler, container or ship, which is characterized in that the mould parts packet
It includes: formed punch, mold handle.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The application is coated in by preparing the different alloy powder of ingredient as matrix by tungsten argon arc melting and coating technique
Q235 steel surface, then by argon arc welding high temperature carry out cladding obtain with better than matrix surface fused coating.Pass through surface pair
Metallographic microstructure observation shooting, XRD material phase analysis and progress surface hardness test, the surface corrosion resistance test of cladding layer
Performance evaluation, comprehensive various factors and influence are carried out to clad layer surface, obtain following Main Conclusions:
1) using surface fused coating firm at the available shape good combination of argon tungsten-arc welding melting and coating technique.
2) pass through material phase analysis it is found that the diffraction peak heights of the cladding layer of X=7 illustrate it significantly lower than other cladding layers
In crystalline component it is less, and its diffraction peak width is wider, illustrates the smaller of crystal grain, and contains in the coating of X=7
The all no hard phase Fe of other compositions coating23(C,B)6Phase, and the Fe-Cr phase diffraction maximum highest of X=9.
3) by vickers hardness test it is found that containing Fe48-xCoxCr15Mo14C15B6Y2(X=0,7,9) surface of cladding layer
Hardness is all greatly improved compared with matrix, and it is matrix hardness that wherein the hardness of X=7, which is averagely up to 689.85HV0.1,
4.4 times, newly-generated hard phase Fe in coating2B phase, Fe23(C,B)6It can be improved the hardness of clad layer surface.
4) by electrochemical corrosion experimental, the corrosion electric current density of cladding layer is more obvious than matrix much smaller, the coating of X=9
Corrosion electric current density is average down to 3.75455 × 10-6A/cm2, well below the current density 9.8757 × 10 of matrix-5A/cm2,
The newly-generated Fe-Cr phase content of coating is higher, and corrosion resistance is also more preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Influence of Fig. 1 power supply connection to cladding coating；
B in Fig. 2 coating2O3Influence to coating performance；
The XRD analysis result of Fig. 3 cladding coating in proportion.(a) matrix；(b) B is not added in X=02O3；(3) X=7 adds B2O3；
(4) X=9 adds B2O3。
The metallographic microscope of Fig. 4 cladding coating.(a) matrix；(b) B is not added in X=02O3；(c) X=7 adds B2O3；(d) X=9 adds
B2O3。
B is not added in Fig. 5 matrix, x=02O3, x=0 add B2O3, x=7 B is not added2O3, x=7 add B2O3, x=9 B is not added2O3, x=
9 plus B2O3The polarization curve of sample.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, exist in the prior art that Q235 steel amorphous alloy coating is corrosion-resistant bad to ask
Topic, present applicant proposes a kind of methods in Q235 steel surface argon tungsten-arc welding cladding ferrous alloy corrosion-resistant finishes, tie below
Closing specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
(1) experimental material
1. basis material
Basis material select rolling Q235 steel, standing time and place environment due to, steel surface exist corrosion,
Spot and grease etc., these influence factors can all have an adverse effect to next surface cladding process, therefore in coating cladding
Matrix surface is pre-processed before.First the rust stain of Q235 steel surface is purged using angle grinder and its surface is polished
Light dips dehydrated alcohol using absorbent cotton later and surface is wiped and cleaned, and is then dried up ethyl alcohol using hair dryer,
It is placed in spare in drying box.
2. the preparation of cladding coating
(1) alloy coating material is chosen
Select seven kinds of alloys of Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, C, B, Y as the material of preparation, each element molar ratio is 48-x:x:15:
14:15:6:2, i.e. Fe48-xCoxCr15Mo14C15B6Y2(x=0,7,9).Wherein the gross mass of the powder of variant ingredient is 20g,
The powder of every kind of heterogeneity prepares two parts, and a copy of it is not processed, in addition a to be added the three of former powder quality 10%
Aoxidize two boron；Every part of powder is marked, label is posted.
(2) to the processing of alloy coat material powder
It is uniform that prepared mixed-powder is put into grinding in the ball mill.Using stainless steel jar mill and zirconium oxide abrasive
Ball, selected ratio of grinding media to material are 15:1；Using the different mill ball of 2 kinds of specifications, diameter is 10mm and 5mm respectively, and quantity ratio is
The total volume of 1:8. zirconium ball and powder, which should account for the 1/3 of ball grinder, to be advisable, and Ball-milling Time is 32 hours, and revolving speed is 100 revs/min
Clock, operation mode alternately, rotate 30min for positive and negative rotation, shut down 10min.
(3) powder coats
Using waterglass as binder, prepared powder is modulated uniformly with it, is coated in Q235 matrix skin, reserves thickness
Degree is 1~2mm, and then sample is placed in dryer, is respectively dried at 80~120 DEG C and 120~160 DEG C 2 hours and 1 small
When.
(4) Argon arc cladding prepares amorphous alloy coating
Argon arc cladding preparation technology parameter includes: that the polarity of welding current first carries out preliminary experiment before cladding coating, is compared
The characteristics of alternating current-direct current reselection uses AC or DC, and size of current is 115~120A, 13~14V of voltage, and argon gas flow velocity is selected
8~10L/min, argon arc welding tungsten electrode movement speed are 0.4~0.6 m/min, and 2~4mm of arc length is selected based on practical experience
Select parameter attribute are as follows: size of current 120A, voltage 13V, argon flow 10L/min, argon arc welding tungsten electrode movement speed are 0.5
M/min, arc length 3.5mm.
3. experimental facilities
Plurality of devices is used in experiment and analytic process, the capital equipment and its model now used is enumerated as follows:
Electronic scale
Angle grinder
Ball mill zirconia ball stainless cylinder of steel
Dryer
Tungsten argon arc soldering equipment
Control the trolley of tungsten electrode movement speed
Shanghai Chen Hua chi660e electrochemical workstation
MHV-100Z type digital display micro Vickers
AxioCam ERc 5s microscope camera
XQ-1 metallic phase sample inlaying machine
Rigaku Ultima IV X-ray diffractometer
(2) microscopic structure and material phase analysis of coating
1. microscopic examination
Metallographic generation for research material provides another thinking with development, the research thus extended and divides
There has also been revolutionary breakthroughs for analysis, and metallographic research and analysis mainly passes through by metallographic microscope, stereomicroscope
It is analyzed Deng micro- situations such as microstructure, low power number undertissue's structure and fracture microscopic structures to research object and characterization
New branch of science, the sample including imaging and its qualitative and quantitative characterization of the material under micro-, before also having observation concurrently
Preparation, pretreatment early period and sampling means etc..Wherein best embody and characterize composition metallic property.So includes phase and phase
Constituent, crystal grain or subgrain, non-metallic inclusion and for example a plurality of types of dislocations of defect contained by certain crystal etc.
Distribution, size, pattern, orientation, quantity and in arrangement state of spatial position etc..
Before using metallography microscope sem observation shooting microstructure, first has to handle sample, handle
Process are as follows:
(1) matrix with cladding layer is cut into the consistent 10mm × 10mm of size × 9mm examination with cutting machine
Sample.
(2) sample is put into pointing machine, pours into moderate thermosetting resin and inlays powder, screw handwheel, setting heating
Temperature is 150 degrees Celsius, and soaking time 8 minutes, cooling time took out sample after twenty minutes.
(3) grinding and polishing is carried out to the sample inlayed.By 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1500 mesh and 2000 purposes
Abrasive paper for metallograph is placed individually on polishing and burnishing machine, regulates water flow size, is started polishing and burnishing machine, is had to exert oneself when holding sample with hand
Uniformly, a direction cannot be only pinned, and rotates 30 degree or so continuation rubbing downs after rubbing down 15 seconds, guarantees that sample stress is equal
It is even.Whether whether observe before replacement sand paper each time has scratch and brightness consistent by flour milling, to reach tested surface all one
On a horizontal plane.
(4) its face is corroded after tested surface all reaches necessary requirement, prepares 6% nitric acid solution first, uses 3ml
Nitric acid and 47ml dehydrated alcohol modulation.It is applied to using the nitric acid solution that cotton swab dips 6% after being waited 10 seconds on tested surface
Ethanol solution is cleaned in spraying, after with hair dryer by ground drying to be measured.
Metallographic specimen after handling well is placed on metallographic microscope, amplification factor gradually increases according to principle from small to large
Add, be followed successively by 50 times, 100 times, 200 times, 500 times, observation debugging is carried out to specimen surface, searches out and clearest, coating is imaged
It is taken pictures and carries out scale bar in the preferable position of effect.
2.XRD material phase analysis
X-ray diffractometer is the diffraction principle using light, due to the particularity of crystalline material structure, crystal to be measured with enter
Not under same case, the crystal face for meeting Bragg diffraction formula will show as representing different diffracted intensities the angle of ray
Diffraction maximum is on present diffracting spectrum.Crystalline contained by material more can be accurately measured by X-ray diffractometer, is convenient for
Qualitative, quantitative analysis is carried out, realizes relatively accurate phase research.
Matrix with cladding layer is cut into 10mm × 10mm × 9mm sample of the same size with cutting machine, is placed on special
It holds on the cover plate of sample, carries out material phase analysis on model Rigaku Ultima IV X-ray diffractometer.
(3) coating performance detection method
1. vickers microhardness is tested
Matrix with cladding layer is cut into the consistent 10mm × 10mm of size × 9mm sample by cutting machine, is put
It sets on model MHV-100Z type digital display micro Vickers platform, adjusting test force is 0.9807N (100gf), adjustment force
Protecting the load time is 10 seconds, and each sample at least replaces 3 test points and carries out multiple values to there is stronger reliability.
2. electrochemical corrosion test
The application carries out analysis comparison by using electrochemical workstation come the corrosion resistance of the coat to matrix surface.
Using the electrochemical workstation of the chi660e model of Shanghai Chen Hua, calomel electrode makees reference electrode, and platinum electrode makees auxiliary electrode,
Working electrode is connect with sample to be tested.It is coat due to there was only tested surface, therefore needs to apply other five non-coated layers
Envelope pretreatment, key step are as follows:
(1) matrix with cladding layer is cut into 10mm × 10mm × 9mm corrosion sample with cutting machine, and with 1000
Purpose sand paper by hand polishes to specimen surface, removes the slag and oxide layer on surface, is careful not to excessive with strength cause
Grind off coating；
(2) sample is placed in ethanol solution to and is carried out ultrasonic cleaning, hair dryer dries up after taking out using tweezers；
(3) aperture is got at the cladding layer back side with drilling machine, copper wire one end is put into aperture, and use electric iron
On scolding tin and the fixed sample of copper wire welding；
(4) other five faces whole package painting containing coat will be removed with hot melt gun to close come guarantee only has tested surface
It is exposed to outside.
Salt bridge in electrochemical corrosion experimental is Luggin capillary, therefore first prepares oversaturated Klorvess Liquid: weighing 16g
Potassium chloride powder, and with graduated cylinder take out 50g distilled water, the two is poured into clean beaker, is stirred using glass bar
Accelerate dissolution, it is seen that there are also a small amount of undissolved potassium chloride for bottom of a cup.
The electrolytic solution locating for working electrode in corrosion experiment is prepared, i.e. mass fraction is molten for 6.76% sodium chloride
Liquid.The sodium chloride powder for weighing 14.5g is poured into clean beaker, and pours into beaker with the distilled water that graduated cylinder weighs 200g
In, it is stirred with glass bar to sodium chloride and is completely dissolved.
Electrochemical corrosion experimental, step are carried out after the completion of above-mentioned preparation are as follows:
(1) Luggin capillary is taken out, saturated potassium chloride solution is sucked out with rubber head dropper and is added in Luggin capillary, it will be sweet
Mercury reference electrode is inserted into Luggin capillary；
(2) reaction vessel for taking out electrochemistry experiment, 6.76% sodium chloride solution is poured into wherein, and side inserts from container
Enter auxiliary electrode (platinum electrode), working electrode, reference electrode, connect as requested with respective conducting wire with clip, opens electrification
Work station is learned, the software on computer is opened, first test open-circuit voltage, measures Tafel curve using open-circuit voltage afterwards.
(4) characterization of cladding layer
According to arc welding principle it is found that argon arc welding power source connection has a major impact welding performance, when straight polarity direct current, base material
Connect anode, base material fusing is more when cladding；When indirect current, base material has cleaning action of the cathode connecing cathode phase.Fig. 1 is provided
Influence of the power supply connection to cladding coating.From figure 1 it appears that it is deep on the surface layer gone out using straight polarity direct current weldering cladding and
It is narrow, and exchange cladding and increase breadth depth ratio, the cladding layer shown is shallow and wide, is conducive to obtain the bigger cladding layer of area,
Sample is produced convenient for below step, and because there is cleaning action of the cathode, coating surface is brighter, therefore selects exchange melting and coating technique.
Because the coating material purity used is lower, unavoidably has in coating and be mingled with.B2O3Flux fusing point is low, can protect molten
, there is clean-up effect in pond, and adsorbable field trash to coating.It can be seen that by the sample of X=7 and B be not added2O3Cladding layer width
Narrower, fusion penetration is smaller, and is added to B2O3Sample cladding layer it is wider, cladding is more efficient.And due to B2O3Purification make
With cladding layer is formed with bigger improvement, forms more apparent scalelike mark, improves the effect of cladding.
Fig. 3 gives Fe48-xCoxCr15Mo14C15B6Y2(x=0,7,9) cladding layer of ingredient and the matrix as control
XRD.As can be seen from Figure 3, there was only Fe phase in matrix, and X=0 and not plus B2O3Coat, X=7 and add B2O3Coating
Layer, X=9 and plus B2O3Coat in mainly have Fe phase, Fe-Cr phase, Fe2B phase, Cr1.36Fe0.52Phase, Cr phase.And X=7's
There are also Fe in map23(C,B)6And Cr7C3Phase, and its Fe-Cr phase diffraction peak heights is more significantly lower compared with the height of X=0 and X=9,
Illustrate that crystalline content is less.Grain size can be calculated by Scherrer formula expression D=K λ/Bcos, in X=0, X=7, X=
As can be seen that wherein the width on half peak of diffraction maximum of X=7 is significantly wider in 9 comparison diagram, and the width and crystal grain on half peak
Size is inversely proportional, and illustrates that the crystallite dimension of crystal grain the ratio X=0, X=9 of X=7 are smaller, and for comparing, half peak of X=9
Width it is minimum, illustrate crystallite dimension maximum, and the peak width at half height degree of X=0 is narrower compared with X=9, crystallite dimension is then slightly big
A bit.
The metallographic microscope of Fig. 4 cladding coating.(a) matrix；(b) B is not added in X=02O3；(c) X=7 adds B2O3；(d) X=9 adds
B2O3.Using metallographic microscope under 200 times of amplification the microstructure that shoots: from Fig. 4 (b), (c), (d) cladding layer gold
Find out in phasor, there are apparent one layer of bright tissue between inlay and basis material, this is by Argon arc cladding
Coating.Wherein the cladding layer color of the X=7 in Fig. 4 (c) and matrix are close, show that its corrosion resistance differs smaller with matrix.And
Fig. 4 (b) and (d) in X=0 and X=9 its matrix of the brightness ratio of coating it is much bright.Matrix Q235 steel is compared through pernitric acid
The grain structure observed after solution corrosion, the other three cladding layer do not observe apparent texture structure.
(5) performance evaluation of cladding layer
1. the hardness analysis of cladding layer
It is the Vickers hardness laboratory test results of clad layer surface in table 1.The average Vickers hardness of cladding layer as shown in Table 1
Maximum can be 698.7HV0.1, minimum 246.3HV0.1, and the hardness of matrix surface is 157.3HV0.1.Pass through hardness number ratio
Compared with that can obtain, the hardness containing cladding layer does not cover cated matrix surface hardness significantly greater than, illustrates that Argon arc cladding coating can be with
Improve the hardness of material surface.
Generate high hardness spray coating crucial place be the hard phase for foring reasonable hard phase, and generating type and
Granular size can also have an impact whole hardness, and the hardness of hard phase is higher, and the quantity of generation is more, in the base disperse
Must be more uniform, the hardness of coating entirety is higher.It is observed that clad layer surface generates Fe from Fig. 3 coating XRD spectrum2B
Hard phase, along with Cr is to the solution strengthening effect of matrix, and Co also has preferable wetability and good viscous to hard phase
Knot property, to improve the hardness of matrix surface.And in Fe48-xCoxCr15Mo14C15B6Y2In as X=7 cladding layer hardness
Maximum also learns hard phase Fe therein from XRD diagram spectrum analysis2The content of B ratio X=0 and X=9 is more, and wherein there are also compared with
The hard phase Fe that other two cladding layer is much more23(C,B)6Phase, it is known that with Fe2B and Fe23(C,B)6Content increases, and applies
The hardness of layer can also be significantly increased.
The Vickers hardness number (HV0.1) of 1 coating surface of table
2. the corrosion resistance of cladding layer is analyzed
Measure first open circuit potential (OCPT), i.e., current density be 0 when electrode potential, that is, not bringing onto load when work
Potential difference between electrode and reference electrode.It can very easily be measured by comparing open circuit potential and judge that corrosion of metal is several
Rate, but can not learn corrosion rate and erosion case that metal obtains.When carrying out open circuit potential test, it is desirable that is obtained opens
Road current potential is burning voltage, i.e., fluctuation in one minute is no more than fluctuation in 1mv or two minute and is no more than 3mv.
After obtaining open circuit potential by the above method, when surveying Tafel image, 300mv is added and subtracted on the basis of the current potential
Range Tafel figure, select sweep speed for 5mv/s, sensitivity hook is set to automatic sensitivity adjust.
Sample is successively tested, drafting has obtained Tafel polarization curve.
2 electrochemical corrosion test result of table
It is not coated by Fig. 5 and table 2 it is found that being significantly lower than by the corrosion electric current density that Argon arc cladding crosses the sample on surface
The corrosion electric current density for the matrix crossed, and corrosion electric current density is smaller, the corrosion resistance for representing material is better, therefore passes through electrification
Learn corrosion experiment it can be seen that, there is the corrosion resistance of the sample of coat to be greatly improved compared with matrix, and corrosion resistance table
The now most preferably coating of X=9, it is more much better than X=7, it is more better than the effect of X=0.
In general the tissue morphology of alloy can have a huge impact the corrosion resistance on its surface, in heterogeneous alloy
In, when mutually it is more tiny, more disperse in the form of being mingled in the presence of, be more likely to form micro cell, corrosion resistance caused to reduce.And one
As for, in the case where ingredient is roughly the same, the width on half peak of diffraction maximum of identical phase and grain size size have centainly
Connection, i.e., then diffraction maximum peak width at half height degree is narrow greatly for crystallite dimension, and in the map of the XRD of X=7, the peak width at half height of diffraction maximum
Degree is more wider than other two cladding layer, illustrates the smaller of its crystal grain, and half peak of X=9 is most narrow, illustrates crystallite dimension
Maximum, and the Cr concentration near the Cr concentration of big its grain boundaries of the crystallite dimension crystal boundary smaller than size is high, and then makes crystal grain
The big sensitization degree of size is lower.And it is most closely Fe-Cr phase with corrosion resistance relationship, i.e. Fe-Cr phase disperse in the base
It is more uniform, content is higher, more can be reduced corrosion rate, be conducive to the corrosion resistance for improving it, the Fe-Cr phase peak heights of X=9
The Fe-Cr phase diffraction peak heights of highest, X=7 are minimum.And there is also Cr in the cladding layer of X=77C3Phase works as Cr7C3In crystal boundary
When precipitation, the concentration of C and Cr near crystal boundary can decline, and neighbouring C and Cr can be diffused through and, and the C that chromium carbide is formed can
It is obtained out of crystal grain, and Cr is mainly by obtaining in neighbouring crystal boundary, since Cr atomic radius is bigger, diffusion velocity is slower, no
Be easy to boundary diffusion, thus Cr in crystal grain diffusion ratio along crystal boundary difficulty.And the diffusion velocity of Cr atom is faster than Fe atom,
Cause the Cr content of grain boundaries to decline, form Cr-depleted region, to corrosion among crystalline grains nocuousness.Therefore the X=7 in corrosion resistance experiment
Corrosion electric current density is maximum, and corrosion resistance is worst, and the current density of X=9 is minimum, and corrosion resistance is best.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method in Q235 steel surface argon tungsten-arc welding cladding ferrous alloy corrosion-resistant finishes characterized by comprising
Seven kinds of alloy powders of Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, C, B, Y are uniformly mixed, ball milling obtains mixed-powder；
Waterglass is added into mixed-powder, is uniformly mixed, is coated in Q235 matrix surface, it is dry, using argon tungsten-arc welding into
Row cladding is handled to get amorphous alloy coating.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the molar ratio of described Fe, Co, Cr, Mo, C, B, Y are 48-x:x:
15:14:15:6:2, wherein x 0,7,9.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that being additionally added mass fraction in the alloy powder is 1~10%
B2O3。
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ball milling mill ball different using 2 kinds of specifications, diameter are big
Small is 10mm and 5mm respectively, and quantity ratio is 1:8；
The ball milling uses stainless steel jar mill and zirconium oxide abrasive ball, and selected ratio of grinding media to material is 15:1.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Ball-milling Time is 32 hours, and revolving speed is 100 revs/min,
Operation mode alternately, rotates 30min for positive and negative rotation, shuts down 10min.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixed-powder be coated in Q235 matrix surface with a thickness of
1~2mm.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific steps of the drying are as follows: at 80~120 DEG C and 120
~160 DEG C are respectively dried 2 hours and 1 hour.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of current of the argon tungsten-arc welding is 115~120A, electricity
13~14V is pressed, argon gas flow velocity selectes 8~10L/min, and argon arc welding tungsten electrode movement speed is 0.4~0.6 m/min, arc length
2~4mm.
9. the corrosion-resistant finishes of the described in any item method preparations of claim 1-8.
10. load have the right to require 9 described in corrosion-resistant finishes Q235 steel in manufacture mould parts, reinforcing bar, workshop room frame, height
Press the application in electric power pylon, bridge, vehicle, boiler, container or ship, which is characterized in that the mould parts include: punching
Head, mold handle.
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