CN109023112A - High-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023112A CN109023112A CN201811137358.3A CN201811137358A CN109023112A CN 109023112 A CN109023112 A CN 109023112A CN 201811137358 A CN201811137358 A CN 201811137358A CN 109023112 A CN109023112 A CN 109023112A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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Abstract
The present invention relates to cold-forging steel technical fields, specifically disclose a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel and preparation method thereof.The high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel composition by weight percent are as follows: C 0.28~0.40%, Si 0.15~0.30%, Mn 0.60~0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.020%, Cr 0.60~1.00%, Ni 0.20~0.50%, Cu 0.20~0.45%, Ti 0.005~0.050%, and contain Mo 0.15~0.35%, any one or more element of V 0.09~0.12%, Nb 0.005~0.015%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.The intensity with higher of cold-forging steel prepared by the present invention and hardness, there is good harden ability simultaneously, meet the requirement of BIG SIZE BOLTS harden ability, also there is certain resistance for delayed fracture, production cost is low, has the characteristics that good corrosion resistance, tensile strength are high, surface quality is good, function admirable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cold forging steel technical field more particularly to a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
It is high-strength bolt applied to the connection bolt on the facilities such as railway, highway steel structure bridge, due to being chronically at
In field environment, chemistry and electrochemical action easily occur for bolt surface and surrounding medium (steam, salinity etc.), to generate rust
Erosion.Especially steel bridge is generally across rivers, and long-term temperature and humidity are higher, and environment is more severe, and bolt is chronically at this ring
It is easier to rust corrosion in border, eventually leads to fracture or crackle, forms potential accident source.
Currently, the major measure for solving etching problem is usually to increase corrosion allowance, or be coated with antirust paint.The former can make
At the waste of material, increase production cost；The latter needs periodically to carry out maintainability paint vehicle recoating, and maintenance cost is higher, sometimes also
It will affect the normal use of railway or bridge.Another common safeguard procedures is protected using metal coating, main
If hot-dip or spraying zinc or aluminum metal layer, extend the service life of steel construction using the cathodic protection performance of metal, but application gold
Belong to the problems such as coat tightens proportion difference there is also higher cost, pollution environment, large-scale component application difficult and bolt.Cause
This, develops a kind of corrosion resisting steel, so that the performance of material is met material while meeting bolt steel mechanical property requirements corrosion-resistant
The requirement of performance reduces material maintenance cost in subsequent use process to improve the service life of material, has very heavy
The meaning wanted.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that existing bolt strength and corrosion resistance need to be further increased, the present invention provides a kind of high intensity
Atmospheric corrosion resistance cold-forging steel and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is:
A kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, composition by weight percent are as follows: C 0.28~0.40%, Si 0.15
~0.30%, Mn 0.60~0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.020%, Cr 0.60~1.00%, Ni 0.20~
0.50%, Cu 0.20~0.45%, Ti 0.005~0.050%, and contain Mo 0.15~0.35%, V 0.09~
Any one or more element of 0.12%, Nb 0.005~0.015%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Referring now to the prior art, in ingredient design of the invention, C, Cr, Mn element is added, improves the intensity of material；It reduces
The content of impurity element P, S are added Ti element, generate dispersed and tiny carboritride, to refine Ovshinsky crystal grain, are improving steel
Intensity while, moreover it is possible to improve the toughness of steel, the carboritride of formation as the trap of hydrogen, can also inhibit hydrogen diffusion and
It is uniformly distributed hydrogen, cyrystal boundary segregation is reduced, improves the black brittleness and resistance for delayed fracture of material；Add the alloys such as Cu, Ni, Cr
Element is formed on its surface passivating film, reduces the invasion of hydrogen, prevents the generation of hydrogen induced cracking, while can also be highly effective
Ground improves weather-resistance, in addition, these elements also have the function of strengthening matrix；Si element is added, cooperation Cu, Cr are mentioned
The weatherability of Gao Gang；Cr, Mn, Si are completely molten to be fixed in austenite, and the harden ability of steel is improved；It is strong to be additionally added anti-temper softening ability
Mo, Nb, V in any one or more element, improve tempering temperature and grain-boundary strength, and can refined carbides.It is above-mentioned respectively at
Point with special ratios phase interworking and, while so that material meets the mechanical property requirements that bolt uses, moreover it is possible to higher
The performance of atmospheric corrosion resistance.
The effect of each element and proportion are according to as follows:
C is most important component in steel, and determines the essential element of metallographic structure and performance after carbon steel solidification.When
When phosphorus content increases in steel, hardness, intensity are improved, and plasticity and toughness reduce, and when C content is excessively high easily forms the carbonization of Cr
Object is simultaneously precipitated in crystal boundary, causes the appearance of crystal boundary part Cr-depleted region so as to cause the decline of steel grade atmospheric corrosion resistance；Carbon simultaneously
The precipitation of compound is easy that hydrogen atom is attracted to assemble around it, so that the sharp corner of especially carbide around it be made to easily become
The formation of crack of hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) causes steel corrosion resistance to decline.In order to guarantee the intensity of steel, carbon content must 0.28% with
On, but excessive carbon content can deteriorate the toughness of steel, cause steel corrosion resistance to decline, therefore, C content is designed as 0.28~
0.40%.
Si is the important deoxidier and reducing agent of steelmaking process, can be dissolved in the intensity that steel is improved in ferrite and austenite
And hardness, when steel containing Si is heated in oxidizing atmosphere, surface will form one layer of SiO2Film improves the antioxygen of material at high temperature
The property changed.Si can also improve the resistivity of steel, and the corrosion resistance of enhancing steel under field conditions (factors) makes with other element Cus, Cr, P cooperation
With the weatherability that can improve steel；Higher Si content is conducive to refine alpha-feooh, so that the corrosion rate of steel entirety is reduced, but
Though Si too high levels can improve the intensity and corrosion resistance of steel, the plasticity and toughness of steel can be reduced, comprehensively consider the solution strengthening of Si
And atmospheric corrosion resistance, the content design object of Si are 0.15~0.30%.
Mn can greatly improve the intensity and toughness and effective deoxidier of steel grade, and have the function of de- S, still
Excessive Mn can also reduce the toughness of steel grade, in addition, the precipitation of MnS will be greatly reduced the corrosion resistance of steel, therefore by Mn's
Content is designed as 0.60~0.90%.Cr, Mn and TiC collective effect in the present invention make steel generate stronger intensity, hardness and tough
Property.
P, S is to easily cause cold short and hot-short chemical element, can reduce the plasticity and resistance for delayed fracture of steel, because
This, the content of P is controlled 0.02% hereinafter, controlling the content of S 0.020% hereinafter, more lower better.
Cr forms the multi-element alloy oxide of siderochrome in rusty scale, at the micro-crack in rusty scale, grain boundaries enrichment, blocking
External agency leads to the channel of matrix, hinders rusty scale crystal grain further to grow up, keeps rusty scale more fine and close, prevent parent metal into one
Step corrosion；Part Cr element more than solubility is ostracised into matrix, so that generating Cr element in the matrix of interface
It is enriched with, the raising of Cr constituent content, can improve the electrochemical potentials of matrix in nearly interface matrix, to be also beneficial to improve matrix
Weather-resistance the content of Cr is therefore designed as 0.60~1.00%.Especially, when Cr and Cu are used cooperatively, energy
Enough significantly improve the passivation ability of steel.
Ni can improve the intensity, toughness and harden ability of steel, while can also greatly improve the low-temperature impact and corrosion resistance of steel
Can, Ni cooperation Cu element can make the surface that can make steel become the cupro-nickel enriched layer that fusing point is more than 1200 DEG C from copper segregation layer, reduce
The appearance of " copper brittleness " defect problem；But Ni element is especially sensitive to white point, especially will be inevitable during cargo sweat
It penetrates into H element in steel, therefore the content of Ni is designed as 0.20~0.50%.
Cu facilitates the formation of steel grade surface passivated membrane and corrosion products film, so that the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel is improved,
But the too high levels of Cu can reduce the mechanical performance of steel grade while reduce the hot-working character of steel grade, therefore the content of Cu is set
It is calculated as 0.20~0.50%.
Ti can generate strong precipitation enhancement, improve the intensity of steel, moreover it is possible to prevent austenite recrystallization, generate brilliant
Grain refining effect, improves steel yield strength, and Ti can also form TiN or TiC hydrogen trap, improve the resistance for delayed fracture of steel；
But when Ti too high levels, so that its carbide and nitride inclusion increase, breakdown strength, Ti content of the present invention are instead
0.005~0.050%.
Mo can significantly improve harden ability in steel, improve steel belt roof bolt stability, improve the low-temperature impact-resistant performance of steel, together
When can also improve the hydrogen resistant ion corrosion resistance of steel, especially suitable for the steel material of moisture resistance humid atmospheric corrosion, but Mo content is excessive
It will cause superheated susceptivity increase, and Mo is precious alloy, excessively high Mo content will be such that production cost rises, and design the Mo in steel
Content is 0.15~0.35%.
V is dissolved in austenite the harden ability that can dramatically increase steel, and the carbide or carbonitride of V are precipitated in ferrite,
The purpose of refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength can be played, V content of the present invention is 0.09~0.12%.
Nb can be improved the intensity of steel, while improving Nb content and increasing corrosion resisting property of the steel under acidic environment.Nb exists
The oxide of Surface Creation Nb forms layer protecting film, improves the resistance to local corrosion performance of steel.Cooperate Mo, can be improved Nb (C,
N) the solid solubility in austenite reduces the Precipitation Temperature of Nb (C, N), more Nb (C, N) is precipitated in low temperature ferrite,
To improve the precipitation strength effect of Nb (C, N).The content of Nb is 0.005~0.015% in the present invention.
Preferably, the weight percent of the C is 0.32~0.38%.
The intensity of material can be improved in preferred C content, and does not influence the plasticity and toughness of material.
Preferably, the weight percent of the P is P≤0.008%.
Preferably, the weight percent of the S is S≤0.008%.
P, S is easily caused cold short and hot-short, and preferred P, S content can make its harm be reduced to and ignore.
Preferably, the weight percentage of the Ni is 0.30~0.40%.
The corrosion resistance of material can be improved in preferred Ni content.
Preferably, the weight percentage of the Mo is 0.20~0.35%.
The intensity and atmospheric corrosion resistance of material can be improved in preferred Mo content.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, include the following steps:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, be blended into combined blown converter smelting, be added in tapping process aluminium block,
Carburant, alloy and top slag carry out deoxidation and alloying；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, addition 2.0~3.0kg/t of lime, and 1~1.75kg/t calcium carbide, 0.5~
0.75kg/t aluminum shot carries out deoxidation slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree is 67~266Pa, and the vacuum cycle processing time is 15~25 minutes, then
Carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, 1518~1528 DEG C of continuous casting process tundish temperature, is drawn
Fast 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: after bloom cogging, being warming up to 1090~1150 DEG C into heating furnace, and heating time is 80~
120min is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is 880~940 DEG C into final rolling temperature, and laying temperature is 850~910 DEG C,
Process is rolled up through collection again, obtains the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel.
The preparation method of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel provided by the invention, by converter tapping process according to
Aluminium ingot, carburant and alloy is added in specific sequence, alloy can be made sufficiently to melt, and improves yield of alloy；By adjusting steel billet
Heating temperature makes the abundant austenitizing of alloying element, while excessive grain being avoided to grow up；By rolling temperature control, make Ovshinsky
Body crystal grain completes abundant recrystallization softening, improves the toughness of material；By reducing cooling velocity, extend austenite to ferritic
Fringe time promotes ferrite forming core and grows up, improves ferrite content ratio；By reasonable controlled rolling parameter, guarantee good
Good surface quality and core structure.
On the basis of the ingredient that the present invention designs, by above-mentioned preparation method, the microstructure of the cold-forging steel of preparation by
40~70% ferrite and 30~60% pearlite composition, tensile strength up to 700~850MPa, yield strength 550~
650MPa, 1/3 cold upsetting are qualified, index >=6.5 corrosion resistance I, the contraction percentage of area up to 42~60%, harden ability J15 >=
42HRC has good cold-forming property and through hardening performance, and it is tight to can satisfy downstream user production 10.9 grade high-strength of large scale
The requirement of firmware.
Preferably, in step (1), the top slag is lime and refined synthetic slag；The lime and the refined synthetic slag
Additional amount be 3~4kg/t；The ingredient of the refined synthetic slag are as follows: CaO:45~55%, Al2O3: 30~40%, SiO2≤
6%, MgO≤3%, CaF2≤ 5%, S≤0.15%, P≤0.08%, H2O≤0.2%.
Preferred refined synthetic slag has very strong deoxidation, desulfurization effect, can reduce gas in steel, be mingled in reduction steel,
Improve the degree of purity of molten steel.
Preferably, in step (1), the alloy is manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese and high carbon ferro-chrome；When the addition of each ingredient
Between: tap to total tap 1/8~3/20 when, be added aluminium block, tap to total tap 3/16~1/4 when, sequentially add
Carburant, manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome and top slag.
Aluminium block is added at the 1/8~3/20 of tapping to total tap, can make aluminium ingot directly and steel contacts, guarantees aluminium ingot
What rapid melting, guarantee pre-deoxidation effect, and deoxidation at this time generated is mingled with for bulky grain Al2O3, be conducive to the floating of deoxidation products
Discharge；Carburant is first added and carries out deoxidation, then adds alloy, reduces the oxidation of alloy, improve yield of alloy, finally plus
Enter to push up slag, can avoid top slag and alloy is rolled up together, be that alloy melting is insufficient, molten steel component is uneven, therefore, respectively at dtex
Yield of alloy can be improved in fixed addition sequence.
Preferably, in step (3), the RH circulation time is 25~40 minutes.
It sets RH circulation time to 25~40 minutes, vacuum cycle processing time setting is 15~25 minutes, be can reach
The effect of higher removal and the field trash in control steel reduces the amount of inclusions of finished product molten steel, and then it is pure to improve molten steel
Degree.
Preferably, in step (5), the bloom specification is 325 × 280mm2；Bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2
Specification.
Preferably, in step (5), the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, controls cooling rate before phase change
For 0.4~0.6 DEG C/s.
It is 0.4~0.6 DEG C/s by cooling velocity control, can avoid forming the abnormal structures such as martensite form, so as to cause
Hardness reduces, and is conducive to the progress of subsequent drawing process.
Traditional 10.9 grade high-strength bolts mostly use greatly medium carbon steel and medium carbon alloy steel to produce, however, this kind of steel carbon contains
Amount is high, and processing performance is poor, needs to be consumed energy before cold working, time-consuming nodularization soft annealing processing, while for large-sized
For bolt, the harden ability of medium carbon steel is slightly inadequate.The prior art is generally acknowledged that Ti element, which is added, can reduce the harden ability of steel, but
The present invention by the way that any one or more elemental composition in Ti element and Mo, V, Nb element is added, by Ti and Mo, Nb or
The synergistic effect of V significantly improves the harden ability and processing performance of cold-forging steel so that preparation cold-forging steel be suitble to produce Ф 20 with
Upper large-sized 10.9 grade high-strength bolt, and other compositions and the Optimal Development of preparation process are cooperateed with, so that the cold-heading of preparation
Steel intensity with higher and atmospheric corrosion resistance are suitble to the bolt of 10.9 grades of large-size high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistances of production.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, the specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
In order to better illustrate the present invention, it is illustrated below by embodiment is further.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.40%, Si 0.25%, Mn 0.90%, P 0.01%, S 0.002%, Cr 0.60%, Ni 0.20%,
Cu 0.40%, Ti 0.020%, V0.10%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 9/40 when, sequentially add carburant, manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome,
Lime and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.1kg/t, 1.3kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.56kg/t aluminum shot is taken off
Oxygen slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 90Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 17 minutes, and RH circulation time is
28 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1520 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1120 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 80min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling into final rolling temperature be 910
DEG C, laying temperature is 880 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is 0.4 before phase change for control
DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 24mm.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.30%, Si 0.15%, Mn 0.60%, P 0.025%, S 0.010%, Cr 0.90%, Ni 0.50%,
Cu 0.20%, Ti 0.040%, Mo 0.35%, Nb 0.005%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 1/8 of total tap
Be added aluminium block, tap to total tap 3/16 when, sequentially add Antaciron, carburant, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, stone
Ash and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.5kg/t, 1.5kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.7kg/t aluminum shot is taken off
Oxygen slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 150Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 20 minutes, and RH circulation time is
35 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1528 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1150 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 90min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling into final rolling temperature be 940
DEG C, laying temperature is 850 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is 0.5 before phase change for control
DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 28mm.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.28%, Si 0.30%, Mn 0.70%, P 0.008%, S 0.020%, Cr 0.80%, Ni0.30%,
Cu 0.30%, Ti 0.050%, Mo 0.15%, V 0.12%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 1/4 when, sequentially add Antaciron, carburant, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, stone
Ash and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 3.0kg/t, 1.75kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.75kg/t aluminum shot carries out
Deoxidation slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 266Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 25 minutes, and RH circulation time is
40 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1518 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1090 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 100min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is into final rolling temperature
880 DEG C, laying temperature is 850 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is before phase change for control
0.6 DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 30mm.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.35%, Si 0.19%, Mn 0.80%, P 0.002%, S 0.006%, Cr 0.75%, Ni0.40%,
Cu 0.40%, Ti 0.005%, Mo 0.20%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 9/40 when, sequentially add Antaciron, carburant, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome,
Lime and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.6kg/t, 1.3kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.65kg/t aluminum shot is taken off
Oxygen slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 186Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 23 minutes, and RH circulation time is
37 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1520 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1140 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 110min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is into final rolling temperature
910 DEG C, laying temperature is 860 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is before phase change for control
0.4 DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 32mm.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.30%, Si 0.20%, Mn 0.80%, P 0.004%, S 0.005%, Cr 0.80%, Ni 0.40%,
Cu 0.45%, Ti 0.010%, Mo 0.35%, V 0.09%, Nb 0.015%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 9/40 when, sequentially add Antaciron, carburant, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome,
Lime and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.8kg/t, 1.7kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.56kg/t aluminum shot is taken off
Oxygen slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 230Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 23 minutes, and RH circulation time is
38 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1521 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1130 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 120min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is into final rolling temperature
900 DEG C, laying temperature is 890 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is before phase change for control
0.5 DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 28mm.
Embodiment 6
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.40%, Si 0.25%, Mn 0.90%, P 0.01%, S 0.002%, Cr 1.00%, Ni 0.20%,
Cu 0.40%, Ti 0.030%, Nb 0.01%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 9/40 when, sequentially add Antaciron, carburant, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome,
Lime and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.0kg/t, 1kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.5kg/t aluminum shot carries out deoxidation
Slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 250Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 22 minutes, and RH circulation time is
37 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1522 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1130 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 95min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling into final rolling temperature be 920
DEG C, laying temperature is 900 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is 0.4 before phase change for control
DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 38mm.
Embodiment 7
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.35%, Si 0.2%, Mn 0.80%, P 0.015%, S 0.008%, Cr 0.85%, Ni 0.30%,
Cu 0.30%, Ti 0.015%, V 0.10%, Nb 0.01%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step of above-mentioned high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel is as follows:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, tapping to the 3/ of total tap
20 be added aluminium blocks, tap to total tap 9/40 when, sequentially add carburant, manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome,
Lime and refined synthetic slag；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, lime 2.0kg/t, 1kg/t calcium carbide is added, 0.5kg/t aluminum shot carries out deoxidation
Slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces in oxygen blast
After carbonization treatment, vacuumize process, vacuum degree 67Pa, the vacuum cycle processing time is 15 minutes, and RH circulation time is
25 minutes, then carry out Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: ladle is hung to continuous casting working procedure and casts bloom, square billet specification is 325 × 280mm2, in continuous casting process
1518 DEG C of packet temperature, pulling rate 0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2After specification, 1120 DEG C are warming up into heating furnace, is added
The hot time is 105min, and steel billet of coming out of the stove carries out high pressure water dephosphorization, is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is into final rolling temperature
910 DEG C, laying temperature is 910 DEG C, and the wire rod after rolling is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is before phase change for control
0.4 DEG C/s, obtain the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel gren rod that specification is Ф 20mm.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cold-forging steel, chemical component are as follows:
C 0.35%, Si 0.2%, Mn 0.80%, P 0.015%, S 0.008%, Cr 0.85%, Ni 0.30%,
Cu 0.30%, V 0.10%, Nb 0.01%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation step and technological parameter of above-mentioned cold-forging steel are same as Example 7, and the specification of finished product wire rod is Ф 20mm, this
Place repeats no more.
High-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel in embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1 is tested for the property, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 embodiment 1-7 of table and comparative example 1 prepare the performance test results of cold-forging steel
Compared with Example 7, Ti element, the type and content and implementation of other elements is not added in comparative example 1 to comparative example 1
Example 7 is identical, and as can be seen from the above table, the core hardness for removing the wire rod of the preparation of comparative example 1 after Ti element is reduced to
85HRB, and the harden ability of wire rod is insufficient, the harden ability < 42HRC after quenching at J15mm, and impact property also becomes unqualified,
Tensile strength also reduces, and the performance of the bolt after quenched is not able to satisfy the intensity requirement of 10.9 grade bolts.Explanation
The synergistic effect of Mo, Nb or V and Ti element significantly improve the properties of cold-forging steel, are suitble to 10.9 grade high-strengths of preparation big
Size bolt.
The BIG SIZE BOLTS being prepared by the cold-forging steel that embodiment 1-7 is prepared, atmospheric corrosion resistance ability are common
2-8 times of carbon steel, for tensile strength in 1040MPa or more, resistance for delayed fracture is higher than existing 20MnTiB fashioned iron, low temperature punching
Performance Akv (- 20 DEG C) >=27J is hit, force request high-intensitive when using is met, meanwhile, it is used under atmospheric environment, Neng Gouda
To the purpose for preventing atmospheric corrosion, the service life of bolt is improved.
This method is made prepared cold-forging steel intensity with higher and hardness, is had simultaneously by ingredient and process optimization
There is good harden ability, meet the requirement of BIG SIZE BOLTS harden ability, also there is certain resistance for delayed fracture；Microstructure
It is made of uniform ferrite and pearlite, tensile strength is received up to 700~850MPa, 550~650MPa of yield strength, section
Shrinkage is up to 42~60%, 1/3 cold upsettings qualification, index >=6.5 corrosion resistance I, harden ability J15 >=42HRC, production cost
It is low, have the characteristics that good corrosion resistance, tensile strength are high, surface quality is good, function admirable.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel, which is characterized in that its composition by weight percent are as follows: C 0.28~
0.40%, Si 0.15~0.30%, Mn 0.60~0.90%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.020%, Cr 0.60~1.00%,
Ni 0.20~0.50%, Cu 0.20~0.45%, Ti 0.005~0.050%, and contain Mo 0.15~0.35%, V
Any one or more element of 0.09~0.12%, Nb 0.005~0.015%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight percent of the C is
0.32~0.38%.
3. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight percent of the P be P≤
0.008%；And/or
The weight percent of the S is S≤0.008%.
4. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight percentage of the Ni
It is 0.30~0.40%；And/or
The weight percentage of the Mo is 0.20~0.35%.
5. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that preparation method packet
Include following steps:
(1) converter smelting: it is blast-melted after desulfurization process, it is blended into combined blown converter smelting, aluminium block, carburetting is added in tapping process
Agent, alloy and top slag carry out deoxidation and alloying；
(2) LF furnace refines: after LF enters the station, 2.0~3.0kg/t of lime, 1~1.75kg/t calcium carbide, 0.5~0.75kg/t is added
Aluminum shot carries out deoxidation slag making；
(3) RH furnace refines: molten steel being hung to RH furnace, forvacuum simultaneously carries out oxygen blast pressure Decarburization Operation, forces decarburization in oxygen blast
After being disposed, vacuumize process, vacuum degree is 67~266Pa, and the vacuum cycle processing time is 15~25 minutes, is then carried out
Calcium treatment and soft blow；
(4) continuous casting: being hung to continuous casting working procedure for ladle and cast bloom, and 1518~1528 DEG C of continuous casting process tundish temperature, pulling rate
0.73m/S；
(5) controlled rolling and controlled cooling: after bloom cogging, being warming up to 1090~1150 DEG C into heating furnace, and heating time is 80~
120min is rolled into fast mill；The operation of rolling is 880~940 DEG C into final rolling temperature, and laying temperature is 850~910 DEG C,
Process is rolled up through collection again, obtains the high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel.
6. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (1), the top slag is
Lime and refined synthetic slag；The additional amount of the lime and the refined synthetic slag is 3~4kg/t；The refined synthetic slag
Ingredient are as follows: CaO:45~55%, Al2O3: 30~40%, SiO2≤ 6%, MgO≤3%, CaF2≤ 5%, S≤0.15%, P≤
0.08%, H2O≤0.2%.
7. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (1), the alloy is
Manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese and high carbon ferro-chrome；The addition time of each ingredient: tap to total tap 1/8~3/20 when, be added
Aluminium block, tap to total tap 3/16~1/4 when, sequentially add carburant, manganese-silicon, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome and
Push up slag.
8. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (3), the RH circulation
Time is 25~40 minutes.
9. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (5), the bloom
Specification is 325 × 280mm2；Bloom cogging is at 160mm × 160mm2Specification.
10. high-strength weather-resistant cold-forging steel as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (5), after rolling
Wire rod is cooled down after collection rolls up technique, and cooling rate is 0.4~0.6 DEG C/s before phase change for control.
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Effective date of registration: 20200525 Address after: 100081 Beijing city Haidian District Daliushu Road No. 2 district two building 303 Co-patentee after: XINGTAI IRON & STEEL Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CARS RAILWAY ENGINEERING Research Institute Address before: 054027 No. 262 South Steel Road, Hebei, Xingtai Patentee before: XINGTAI IRON & STEEL Co.,Ltd. |