CN109019560A - A kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point Download PDFInfo
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- CN109019560A CN109019560A CN201811200971.5A CN201811200971A CN109019560A CN 109019560 A CN109019560 A CN 109019560A CN 201811200971 A CN201811200971 A CN 201811200971A CN 109019560 A CN109019560 A CN 109019560A
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of coal-based carbon point, belong to carbon nanomaterial field.Method and step of the invention is drying and grinding, is dissolved, heating, and cold filtration and spin dialysis, using coal as raw material, preparation cost is lower, and preparation efficiency is higher, and launch wavelength range is wide；The particle diameter of coal particles be less than 2mm, separated and dissolved more quickly, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to carbon nanomaterial field, a kind of specifically preparation method of coal-based carbon point.
Background technique
Carbon dots are a kind of Novel Carbon Nanomaterials developed in recent years.Since Xu in 2004 etc. uses electrophoresis for the first time
It is isolated and purified after obtaining carbon dots from single-walled carbon nanotube, the research about carbon dots receives more and more attention.The particle of carbon dots
Partial size is usually less than 10nm, has the excellent optical properties such as fluorescence intensity height, good light stability, resistance to photobleaching.Due to carbon dots
It is mainly made of carbon, does not contain metallic element, and the water soluble functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl, therefore carbon are contained in its surface
Point has hypotoxicity and good water solubility, to make carbon dots have ideal biocompatibility, in cell marking, cell imaging etc.
Aspect has a wide range of applications.Can substantially it be divided into the preparation method of carbon dots " from top to bottom " and two kinds " from bottom to top "
Method." from top to bottom " method is that macroscopical carbon structure material is prepared carbon dots by fracture, the method crushed, such as arc process, laser
Irradiation, electrochemical oxidation process, chemical oxidization method etc.." from bottom to top " method is using small organic molecule as precursor synthesis carbon
Point.This method includes high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP), hydro-thermal method, microwave method and supercritical ultrasonics technology etc..Although developing the system of numerous carbon dots at present
Preparation Method, but often to there is cost of material height, consersion unit valuableness, severe reaction conditions, reaction process cumbersome for these methods
The disadvantages of.It is, thus, sought for a kind of raw material is cheap and easy to get, preparation process is simple, environmentally protective carbon dots the preparation method.
Through retrieving, the title of innovation and creation are as follows: N doping fluorescent carbon point and carbon dots graphene complex and its preparation method and answer
With (application No. is: 201410261862.X, the applying date are as follows: 2014.06.12), this application discloses glimmering for a kind of N doping
Light carbon dots and carbon dots graphene complex and its preparation method and application.The N doping fluorescent carbon point is characterized by, nitrogen
Existence form includes pyridine nitrogen, pyrroles's nitrogen and graphitization nitrogen, and the molar ratio of N atom and C atom is 0.035~0.057；Average grain
Diameter is 2.5~4.1nm；And the preparation method of fluorescent carbon point is provided, include the following steps: (1) by the coal of the high nitrogen-containing
It is carbonized, obtains carbonized material；The high nitrogen-containing refers to that the mass content of nitrogen is 1.1%~3.0% coal；(2) by institute
Anode is made in obtained carbonized material, carries out electrochemical oxidation and obtains fluorescent carbon point；The present invention also provides one kind to be mixed by above-mentioned nitrogen
Carbon dots-graphene composite material of miscellaneous fluorescent carbon point preparation, and it is multiple by above-mentioned N doping fluorescent carbon point or carbon dots-graphene
The redox electrochemical catalyst of condensation material preparation；In addition, the present invention also provides fluorescent carbon point photoelectric device, biology at
Picture, redox elctro-catalyst, detection and the application of sensory field and above-mentioned redox electrochemical catalyst are in fuel electricity
The application in pond field.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that existing carbon dots preparation efficiency is low, a kind of preparation of coal-based carbon point is provided
Method improves the efficiency of carbon dots preparation and reduces preparation cost.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention, includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
Preferably, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in the coal.
Preferably, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3.
Preferably, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100.
Preferably, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300.
Preferably, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
Preferably, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms.
Preferably, dialysis is the saturating of 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag is analysed to dialyse 20~30 hours.
3. beneficial effect
(1) preparation method of a kind of coal-based carbon point of the invention, step is drying and grinding, dissolve, heating, cold filtration and
Spin dialysis, using coal as raw material, preparation cost is lower, and preparation efficiency is higher, and launch wavelength range is wide；Coal particles
Particle diameter be less than 2mm, separated and dissolved more quickly, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention is given in the following sections with reference to the relevant attached drawings, in attached drawing
Several embodiments of the invention are given, still, the invention can be realized in many different forms, however it is not limited to this paper institute
The embodiment of description, on the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is make it is more thorough and comprehensive to the disclosure.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixedly arranged on " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle；When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements；Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ", " left side ",
" right side " and similar statement are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical；Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention；Term " and or " used herein includes one or more phases
Any and all combinations of the listed item of pass.
Embodiment 1: referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in coal, the present embodiment select 3%, have in obtained carbon dots solution
It is more to imitate carbon dots content.
In the present embodiment, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3, it is selected in the present embodiment
With 1:2, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11, this implementation
It is middle to select 0.08.
In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100, selects 1 in the present embodiment:
50。
In the present embodiment, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300, is selected 10 hours in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
In the present embodiment, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms,
15000 turns are selected in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, dialysis is 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag filter dialyse 20~30 hours, selected 25 hours in this implementation.
Embodiment 2: referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in coal, the present embodiment select 3%, have in obtained carbon dots solution
It is more to imitate carbon dots content.
In the present embodiment, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3, it is selected in the present embodiment
With 1:3, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11, this implementation
It is middle to select 0.08.
In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100, selects 1 in the present embodiment:
50。
In the present embodiment, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300, is selected 10 hours in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
In the present embodiment, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms,
15000 turns are selected in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, dialysis is 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag filter dialyse 20~30 hours, selected 25 hours in this implementation.
Embodiment 3: referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in coal, the present embodiment select 3%, have in obtained carbon dots solution
It is more to imitate carbon dots content.
In the present embodiment, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3, it is selected in the present embodiment
With 1:2, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11, this implementation
It is middle to select 0.11.
In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100, selects 1 in the present embodiment:
50。
In the present embodiment, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300, is selected 10 hours in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
In the present embodiment, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms,
15000 turns are selected in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, dialysis is 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag filter dialyse 20~30 hours, selected 25 hours in this implementation.
Embodiment 4: referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in coal, the present embodiment select 3%, have in obtained carbon dots solution
It is more to imitate carbon dots content.
In the present embodiment, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3, it is selected in the present embodiment
With 1:2, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11, this implementation
It is middle to select 0.08.
In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100, selects 1 in the present embodiment:
100。
In the present embodiment, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300, is selected 10 hours in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
In the present embodiment, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms,
15000 turns are selected in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, dialysis is 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag filter dialyse 20~30 hours, selected 25 hours in this implementation.
Embodiment 5: referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point of the invention includes the following steps:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and sulphur are added by S200, dissolution
Urea；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, sulphur, phosphorus content 3-6% in coal, the present embodiment select 6%, have in obtained carbon dots solution
It is more to imitate carbon dots content.
In the present embodiment, in the step S200, the ratio of phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3, it is selected in the present embodiment
With 1:2, effective carbon dots content is more in obtained carbon dots solution.
In the present embodiment, phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m, and the quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11, this implementation
It is middle to select 0.08.
In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the coal particles and distilled water is 1:20~1:100, selects 1 in the present embodiment:
50。
In the present embodiment, heating time is 6~12 hours in the step S300, is selected 10 hours in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the miillpore filter being filtered into the step S400 using aperture less than 0.3 micron is filtered.
In the present embodiment, the centrifuge speed used is centrifuged in the step S500 as 13000~16000 rpms,
15000 turns are selected in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, dialysis is 3000D~5000D with molecular cut off to remove supernatant liquor in the step S500
Bag filter dialyse 20~30 hours, selected 25 hours in this implementation.
Certain embodiment of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as；It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range；Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point, which comprises the steps of:
Grinding is dried in coal by S100, drying and grinding, obtains the coal particles that particle diameter is less than 2mm；
Coal particles and distilled water that step S100 is obtained are stirred dissolution, and phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide are added by S200, dissolution；
S300, heating heat the obtained solution of step S200, and heating temperature is 300-500 DEG C；
The obtained solution of step S300 is cooled down, is cooled to room temperature and is filtered by S400, cold filtration；
S500, spin dialysis, the solution that step S400 is obtained carry out spin dialysis, obtain carbon dots solution.
2. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: sulphur, phosphorus contain in the coal
Amount is 3-6%.
3. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S200, phosphorus
The ratio of acid and thiocarbamide is 1:1.5~1:3.
4. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: phosphoric acid and thiocarbamide quality are m,
The quality of coal particles is M, m/M=0.05~0.11.
5. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coal particles and distillation
The mass ratio of water is 1:20~1:100.
6. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heated in the step S300
Time is 6~12 hours.
7. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: filtered in the step S400
To be filtered using miillpore filter of the aperture less than 0.3 micron.
8. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be centrifuged in the step S500
The centrifuge speed used is 13000~16000 rpm.
9. a kind of preparation method of coal-based carbon point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: dialyse in the step S500
To remove supernatant liquor, dialysed 20~30 hours with the bag filter that molecular cut off is 3000D~5000D.
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