CN109014549B - Diffusion welding connection method adopting Cu foil and Ti foil as composite intermediate layer - Google Patents

Diffusion welding connection method adopting Cu foil and Ti foil as composite intermediate layer Download PDF

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CN109014549B
CN109014549B CN201810770417.4A CN201810770417A CN109014549B CN 109014549 B CN109014549 B CN 109014549B CN 201810770417 A CN201810770417 A CN 201810770417A CN 109014549 B CN109014549 B CN 109014549B
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foil
alloy
welded
nickel
copper foil
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CN109014549A (en
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任海水
熊华平
程耀永
陈波
李文文
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/001—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by extrusion or drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a diffusion welding connection method by adopting a Cu foil and a Ti foil as a composite intermediate layer, and relates to connection of a nickel-based superalloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Al-based alloy. The method comprises the following steps: mixing nickel-base superalloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Processing the Al-based alloy into a required size, and grinding and polishing; removing oxide films of the copper foil and the Ti foil, and putting the copper foil and the Ti foil together with a welded base material into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning; contacting copper foil with nickel-based superalloy, and contacting titanium foil with Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Al-based alloy contact to obtain a Ti-based alloy2AlNb alloy or Ti3A welded test piece of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy is welded by placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure, and completing welding after heating, heat preservation and cooling thermal cycle. The invention can reduce welding temperature, control the formation of brittle phase in the joint and improve the performance of the joint. The shear strength of the obtained joint at room temperature reaches 240-310 MPa.

Description

Diffusion welding connection method adopting Cu foil and Ti foil as composite intermediate layer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a diffusion welding connection method adopting Cu foil and Ti foil as composite intermediate layers, belonging to the technical field of welding.
Background
The titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good oxidation resistance, creep resistance, good fatigue resistance and the like, and is one of the light high-temperature structural materials for aerospace with the most application potential in the future. In the intermetallic titanium-aluminum compound, Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The research on Al-based alloy is emphasized, and the working temperature of the Al-based alloy can reach 700 ℃. Compared with the common titanium alloy, Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy can be used at higher temperature; they have a lower density compared to nickel-base superalloys, approximately half that of nickel-base superalloys. In the automotive industry, Ti can be used2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy has the characteristics of low density and high strength, and realizes the lightweight design and manufacture of parts; in the field of aerospace, using Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy partially replaces the nickel-based superalloy, can reduce the weight of a component by about 40 percent, and has important significance for improving the thrust-weight ratio of an aircraft engine, the effective range of a space flight vehicle and the effective launch load.
To realize Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy partially replaces the nickel-based superalloy, so as to promote the engineering application of the Al-based superalloy in the field of aerospace, and firstly, the problem of Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The dissimilar connection problem of Al-based alloy and nickel-based superalloy. However, the difference between the physical properties and the chemical compositions of the two materials is large, the difference between the chemical compositions of the parent materials causes that a solder with good compatibility with the two parent materials is difficult to find, and the formation of brittle compounds in a joint is difficult to avoid; the thermal expansion coefficients of the two base materials are greatly different, so that certain residual thermal stress is easily generated in the joint, further cracks are formed, and the performance of the joint is deteriorated; the element Ti and Ni have stronger affinity and are easy to react to generate Ti2Ni、TiNi、Ti3Ni and the like, and these brittle phases seriously deteriorate the mechanical properties of the joint. To realize Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The dissimilar connection of the Al-based alloy and the nickel-based superalloy is very difficult, and the connection is difficult to realize by adopting a conventional fusion welding method, so special connection methods such as brazing, diffusion welding and the like are usually adopted.
The researchers adopt NiCuNbCr alloy and Ti37～39-Nb alloy, Ti-7.3～9.3Nb-51.5～54.5The Ni (wt.%) alloy was solder, and Ti was studied3The Al-based alloy is connected with the GH4169 nickel-based superalloy by argon arc welding, but more Ni-Ti series and Al- (Ni, Cu) -Ti series brittle compounds are formed in the joint, microcracks are found in the joint, and the joint has high tensile strength at room temperatureThe degree is only 200MPa (Chenbingqing, Xionghuaping, Shaoxing, and so on. NiCuNbCr solder Ti3Structure and performance of Al/GH4169 alloy argon arc welding joint [ J ]]Material engineering, 2014, 4: 13-18.). Aging wave and the like braze Ti-13Zr-21Cu-9Ni (wt.%) by using a Ti-13Zr-21Cu-9Ni brazing filler metal3The Al-based alloy and the GH536 nickel-based superalloy form more brittle compounds such as Ti-Ni, Ti-Fe and the like in a joint, cause the formation of longitudinal cracks in a brazing seam close to the GH536 substrate side, seriously deteriorate the performance of the joint, and have the shear strength of only 86MPa (old wave, bear gorgeous, capillary, and the like) under the specification of 960 ℃/5min3Al/Ti3Al and Ti3Al/GH536 Joint organization and Performance [ J ]]Aeronautical materials bulletin, 2010, 30 (5): 35-38.).
Diffusion bonding of Ti with Mo foil as intermediate layer2With AlNb alloy and GH4169 superalloy, a complete joint is not obtained, with Ta, Nb as the intermediate layer, but cracks (Qianjian, Houjinbao, Lijinlong, et al2AlNb/GH4169 vacuum diffusion bonding preliminary study [ J]Hot working process, 2008, 37 (13): 90-92); the Ni foil and Ti-Ni-Nb alloy as the intermediate layer in seawater have been studied3The joint shear strength obtained by the diffusion welding of the Al-based alloy and the GH536 nickel-based superalloy under the specification of 980 ℃/20min/20MPa is about 210MPa, and the joint strength needs to be improved (H, S.ren, X.Wu, B.Chen, et Al3Al/Ni-based lubricating beds bound with Ni and TiNiNb foils, Welding in the World,2017,61: 375-. The patent (CN101352772A) discloses a method for diffusion bonding of TiAl/Nb-based alloy and Ni-based high-temperature alloy, wherein in the method, the welding temperature reaches 1100 ℃, the pressure is 30MPa at most, and the heat preservation time is 60-120 min. Due to Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The solution treatment temperature of Al-based alloys is in the range of about 980 ℃ to 1020 ℃, and such high welding temperature and holding time in the patent are likely to damage Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The texture and properties of the Al-based alloy parent material, good joint performance, cannot be achieved at the expense of the properties of the parent material.
The above is about Ni-based superalloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The main research on Al-based alloy connection is advanced, and the current domestic and foreign research reports on the field are relatively limited. As described above, since the two base materials are greatly different in composition and properties, internal stress is easily caused in the joint, and a brittle compound is formed. If the welded base material can be connected by short-term heat preservation at a relatively low temperature, the formation and growth of intermetallic compounds can be inhibited to a certain extent, and the brittleness tendency of the joint can be further reduced. In addition, the lower welding temperature can also reduce the internal stress caused by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the base materials, thereby realizing the good connection of the two materials and obtaining high connection strength. And reducing welding heat cycles to the parent metal, particularly Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Influence of Al-based alloy structure and properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a diffusion welding connection method adopting Cu foil and Ti foil as a composite intermediate layer aiming at solving the problems in the prior art, and aims to realize the nickel-based superalloy and Ti under the conditions that the welding temperature is not more than 1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is not more than 30 minutes2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy is well connected, the joint shear strength exceeds 300MPa, and meanwhile, the welding thermal cycle to Ti is avoided2AlNb alloy or Ti3The structure and properties of the Al-based alloy base material adversely affect.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the diffusion welding connection method adopting the Cu foil and the Ti foil as the composite intermediate layer comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Processing the Al-based alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, removing an oxidation film from a copper foil with the thickness of 10-30 microns, and removing an oxidation film from a titanium foil with the thickness of 30-50 microns to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 3-10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3On the surface to be welded of the Al-based alloy, the obtained structure is Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3A welded workpiece of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 5-15 MPa, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 9 × 10-2～1×10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 5-15 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10-30 min when the temperature is heated to 850-1000 ℃, then cooling to 400-500 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and then furnace cooling to room temperature to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Dissimilar joining of Al-based alloys.
Further, HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 9 is adopted3、H2And carrying out oxidation film removing treatment on the copper foil by using the O solution for 30-60 s.
Further, HF and HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2And removing the oxide film of the titanium foil by using the O solution, wherein the corrosion time is 30-60 s.
Further, the thickness of the copper foil used in the second step was 20 μm and the thickness of the titanium foil was 30 μm.
Further, a pressure of 10MPa is applied in step five.
Further, in the fifth step, when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 1 × 10-3And after Pa, starting electrifying for heating.
Further, the heating rate in the fifth step is 10 ℃/min.
Further, in the fifth step, the temperature is preserved when the temperature is heated to 900 ℃, and the temperature preservation time is 20 min.
Further, in the fifth step, the mixture is cooled at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and is cooled to 400 ℃ and then is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the early test results show that the element Ti is easy to react with the nickel-based superalloy to form a complex multi-element phase, and the performance of the joint is adversely affected. The technical proposal of the invention is that the titanium foil is arranged in Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3On one side of Al-base alloy, the titanium foil is separated from the nickel-base high-temperature alloy by copper foil, and Ti is used2AlNb alloy or Ti3The joint structure of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy' can avoid forming complex multi-element phases. In addition, Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The main element in the Al-based alloy is Ti, which can be fully dissolved with the titanium foil; the elements Cu and Ni are completely mutually soluble, so the copper foil can form good connection with the nickel-based high-temperature alloy. The Cu/Ti composite intermediate layer is selected according to the invention, and the characteristics of two base materials and the compatibility between elements are fully considered.
(2) As mentioned above, the nickel-base superalloy is mixed with Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3When Al-based alloys are joined, residual thermal stress and brittle compounds are easily formed in the joint. The invention provides a method for diffusion bonding two materials by using a Cu/Ti composite intermediate layer, wherein a copper foil and a nickel-based high-temperature alloy, a titanium foil and Ti are connected2AlNb alloy or Ti3Compatibility reaction occurs among the Al-based alloys, so that the forming inclination of compounds can be obviously reduced, and good connection can be obtained; meanwhile, the copper foil and the titanium foil are easy to react. Therefore, the requirement on welding specifications is reduced, and the two base metals can be well connected by carrying out heat preservation for a short time (not more than 30min) at a relatively low temperature (not more than 1000 ℃). Further, Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3The solution treatment temperature of the Al-based alloy is in the range of 980-1020 ℃, and the relatively low welding temperature can avoid or reduce the adverse effect of welding heat circulation on the structure and the performance of the parent metal.
(3) The copper foil and the titanium foil used in the invention are both thin (10-50 μm), so that the copper foil and the titanium foil can fully participate in the reaction in the connection process, no residual copper foil or titanium foil exists after welding, and the joint performance of a pure metal layer can be prevented from being damaged;
(4) in the technical scheme of the invention, the reaction degree of the copper foil and the titanium foil and the reaction degree of the copper foil and the nickel-based high-temperature alloy are further adjusted and controlled, so that the two metal foils can fully participate in the reaction, and the titanium foil and the Ti are inhibited or avoided simultaneously2AlNb alloy or Ti3The Al-based alloy and the nickel-based superalloy directly react to control the existence of hard and brittle phases in the joint to obtain a better joint structure2AlNb alloy or Ti3The tensile strength of the Al-based alloy at room temperature of the dissimilar joint reaches 240-310 MPa.
(5) Because the oxide films on the surfaces of the copper foil and the titanium foil can cause adverse effect on a welding interface, in the technical scheme of the invention, HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 9 is adopted3、H2O solution and HF and HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 3: 213、H2The O solution can effectively remove the oxide films on the surfaces of the copper foil and the titanium foil respectively, and simultaneously avoids damaging the very thin copper foil and the very thin titanium foil;
when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 1 × 10-3Electrifying and heating are started after Pa, so that reoxidation of the copper foil and the titanium foil in the temperature rising process can be effectively avoided;
in the technical method, the cooling rate is controlled after the heat preservation is finished, when the joint is cooled at the cooling rate of 6 ℃/min, the internal stress in the joint can be effectively reduced, and the joint performance can be ensured.
Detailed Description
Example one, copper foil and titanium foil are used as a composite intermediate layer to react a nickel-based superalloy with Ti3The Al-based alloy is subjected to diffusion welding, and the welding process comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti3Processing the Al-based alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, adopting HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 93、H2O solution is used for removing an oxidation film of a copper foil with the thickness of 30 mu m for 30s, and HF and HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2Carrying out oxide film removal treatment on the titanium foil with the thickness of 40 mu m by using the O solution for 50s to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti3On the surface to be welded of the Al-based alloy, the obtained structure is Ti3A welded workpiece of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 10MPa, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 1 × 10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 20min when heating to 900 ℃, then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and then furnace cooling to room temperature to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti3Dissimilar joining of Al-based alloys.
Obtained Ti3The microstructure picture of the Al/GH536 nickel-base superalloy diffusion welding joint shows that the connecting interface forms good metallurgical bonding without any defects, and Ti3The structure of the Al-based alloy parent metal is not influenced by welding thermal cycle.
Example two, copper foil and titanium foil as composite intermediate layer to nickel-base superalloy and Ti3The Al-based alloy is subjected to diffusion welding, and the welding process comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti3Processing the Al-based alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, adopting HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 93、H2O solution is used for removing oxide film of copper foil with thickness of 20 μm, etching time is 20s, HF and HNO with volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2O solution is used for removing titanium foil with the thickness of 30 mu mCarrying out oxide film treatment for 30s to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti3On the surface to be welded of the Al-based alloy, the obtained structure is Ti3A welded workpiece of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 8MPa, and enabling the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace to reach 1 × 10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min when heating to 900 ℃, then cooling to 400 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and then furnace cooling to room temperature to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti3Dissimilar joining of Al-based alloys.
Example three, copper foil and titanium foil as composite intermediate layer to nickel-base superalloy and Ti2The AlNb alloy is subjected to diffusion welding, and the welding process is as follows:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti2Processing the AlNb alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, adopting HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 93、H2O solution is used for removing oxide film of copper foil with thickness of 20 μm, etching time is 20s, HF and HNO with volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2Carrying out oxide film removal treatment on the titanium foil with the thickness of 30 microns by using an O solution for 30s to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti2On the surface to be welded of the AlNb alloy, the obtained structure is Ti2A welded workpiece of AlNb alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 8MPa, and enabling the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace to reach 1 × 10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min when heating to 900 ℃, then cooling to 400 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and then furnace cooling to room temperature to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti2And (3) connecting the different types of the AlNb alloy.
Example four copper foil and titanium foil as composite intermediate layer to nickel-base superalloy and Ti2The AlNb alloy is subjected to diffusion welding, and the welding process is as follows:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti2Processing the AlNb alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, adopting HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 93、H2O solution is used for removing an oxidation film of a copper foil with the thickness of 30 mu m for 30s, and HF and HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2Carrying out oxide film removal treatment on the titanium foil with the thickness of 40 mu m by using the O solution for 40s to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti2On the surface to be welded of the AlNb alloy, the obtained structure is Ti2A welded workpiece of AlNb alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 15MPa, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 1 × 10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min when the temperature is heated to 980 ℃, then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and then furnace cooling to room temperature to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti2And (3) connecting the different types of the AlNb alloy.

Claims (6)

1. A diffusion welding connection method using Cu foil and Ti foil as composite intermediate layer comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting linear cutting to cut the nickel-based superalloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Processing the Al-based alloy into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the welded parent metal by using sand paper, and then performing polishing treatment to obtain the welded parent metal;
step two, removing an oxidation film from a copper foil with the thickness of 10-30 microns, and removing an oxidation film from a titanium foil with the thickness of 30-50 microns to obtain an intermediate layer for diffusion welding;
adopting HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 93、H2Carrying out oxide film removal treatment on the copper foil by using an O solution for 30-60 s;
HF and HNO with the volume ratio of 1: 3: 21 are adopted3、H2Removing an oxidation film from the titanium foil by using an O solution, and corroding for 30-60 seconds;
thirdly, placing the treated welded parent metal, copper foil and Ti foil into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 3-10 min;
step four, pasting the copper foil on the surface to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy, and pasting the titanium foil on the Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3On the surface to be welded of the Al-based alloy, the obtained structure is Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3A welded workpiece of Al-based alloy/titanium foil/copper foil/nickel-based superalloy;
fifthly, placing the welded workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, applying pressure of 5-15 MPa, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum heating furnace reaches 9 × 10-2～1×10-3After Pa, starting to electrify and heat at the heating rate of 5-15 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10-30 min when the temperature is heated to 850-1000 ℃, cooling to 400 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature in a furnace to finish the nickel-based high-temperature alloy and Ti2AlNb alloy or Ti3Dissimilar joining of Al-based alloys.
2. The diffusion bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the Cu foil and the Ti foil are used as a composite intermediate layer, and the method comprises: the thickness of the copper foil used in step two was 20 μm and the thickness of the Ti foil was 30 μm.
3. The diffusion bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the Cu foil and the Ti foil are used as a composite intermediate layer, and the method comprises: and applying a pressure of 10MPa in the fifth step.
4. The diffusion bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum furnace is 1 × 10-3And starting energization heating after Pa.
5. The diffusion bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the Cu foil and the Ti foil are used as a composite intermediate layer, and the method comprises: the heating rate in the fifth step is 10 ℃/min.
6. The diffusion bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the Cu foil and the Ti foil are used as a composite intermediate layer, and the method comprises: and fifthly, starting heat preservation when the temperature is heated to 900 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 20 min.
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