CN109006273B - Culture solution for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds and application thereof - Google Patents

Culture solution for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109006273B
CN109006273B CN201810937383.3A CN201810937383A CN109006273B CN 109006273 B CN109006273 B CN 109006273B CN 201810937383 A CN201810937383 A CN 201810937383A CN 109006273 B CN109006273 B CN 109006273B
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corn seeds
culture solution
salt tolerance
improving
corn
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CN109006273A (en
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李宗新
刘开昌
张慧
高英波
薛艳芳
钱欣
代红翠
张华斌
温立玉
韩小伟
于正贵
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Maize Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, particularly relates to a culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of corn seeds, and further discloses a method for effectively improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds. The culture solution of the invention is HgCl2And choline chloride is used as an active ingredient, and the corn seeds are subjected to immersion activation through a culture solution, so that the salt tolerance of the corn seeds can be effectively improved, and the planting yield of the corn seeds in a saline-alkali environment is greatly improved. According to the invention, cholinesterase is further added into the culture solution, so that the salt tolerance of corn seeds is further improved by the culture solution, and the planting yield of saline-alkali soil is further improved.

Description

Culture solution for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, particularly relates to a culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of corn seeds, and further discloses a method for effectively improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds.
Background
Corn, also known as maize, corn, etc., belongs to the genus Zea of the family Gramineae. The corn is rich in necessary nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, dietary fibers, minerals and the like, and particularly, the corn contains rich zeaxanthin, linoleic acid and glutathione. The related researches show that the zeaxanthin is a component of human retinas, the linoleic acid is essential fatty acid required by human bodies, the glutathione has the effects of improving the immunity of the organisms and resisting cancers, and the dietary fibers have the functions of delaying the rise of blood sugar, clearing away intestinal wastes and the like. The whole body of corn is a treasure, and has an important effect on regulating abnormal metabolism of a human body.
Corn is one of important food crops, feed crops and light industrial raw material crops, is one of important food and industrial raw materials required by the population of the world, is one of the most widely distributed food crops in the world, and has the planting area second to the third place of wheat and rice. China is in the golden corn growing zone, is the second largest corn producing and consuming country next to the United states, and corn is developed into the first largest economic crop in China.
The salinization of soil is a worldwide resource and ecological problem, and is one of the main abiotic stress factors for agricultural production, the area of the saline-alkali area in China is 3.6 × 107hm2Wherein the saline soil area with agricultural utilization potential is about 1.3 × 107hm2The land area is about 10 percent of the total cultivated land area and is mainly distributed in arid areas, semi-arid areas and coastal areas. Digging the salt tolerance of the crops and screening salt tolerant varieties is considered as the most economic and effective way to accelerate the utilization of the saline-alkali soil. With the increasing severity of the secondary salinization phenomenon of soil, the salinization of soil becomes one of the main factors restricting the production of corn in saline-alkali soil. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation of the salt tolerance of the corn germplasm resources and the screening of salt-tolerant varieties are carried out, the salt tolerance of the corn seeds is improved, and the method has important practical significance for effectively utilizing saline-alkali soil and promoting the corn cultivation in the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of corn seeds;
the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for effectively improving the salt tolerance of corn seeds.
In order to solve the technical problems, the culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21-2 g/L, chlorination0.5-1.2 g/L of choline.
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components in mass concentration: HgCl21.5 g/L and 0.8 g/L of choline chloride.
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds also comprises 0.1-0.3 g/L of cholinesterase.
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds has the concentration of 0.2 g/L.
The invention also discloses application of the culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds in the field of improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds.
The invention also discloses a method for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds, which comprises the step of immersing the corn seeds in the culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds.
The feed-liquid ratio of the corn seeds to the culture solution is 200-500 g/L.
The impregnation time of the impregnation step is 2-5 h.
The impregnation step is carried out at normal temperature.
The frequency of the ultrasonic step is 20-25 KHZ.
The culture solution of the invention is HgCl2And choline chloride is used as an active ingredient, and the corn seeds are subjected to immersion activation through a culture solution, so that the salt tolerance of the corn seeds can be effectively improved, and the planting yield of the corn seeds in a saline-alkali environment is greatly improved. According to the invention, cholinesterase is further added into the culture solution, so that the salt tolerance of corn seeds is further improved by the culture solution, and the planting yield of saline-alkali soil is further improved.
The activation of the salt tolerance of the corn seeds can be improved by soaking the culture solution, and the salt tolerance of the corn seeds is further improved by soaking under an ultrasonic condition.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21 g/L and 1.2 g/L of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 200 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 5 hours at normal temperature and washed by clear water.
Example 2
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl22 g/L and 0.5 g/L of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 500 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 2 hours at normal temperature and washed by clear water.
Example 3
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L and 0.8 g/L of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature and washed by clean water.
Example 4
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.1 g/L.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature and washed by clean water.
Example 5
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.3 g/L.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature and washed by clean water.
Example 6
This example describes the improvement of salt tolerance of corn seedsThe sexual culture solution comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.2 g/L.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature and washed by clean water.
Example 7
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.2 g/L.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 variety are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature under the ultrasonic condition (the frequency is 20KHZ) and washed by clean water.
Example 8
The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds comprises the following components: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.2 g/L.
In the embodiment, corn seeds of Boyu 339 variety are selected for treatment, the corn seeds are added into the culture solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 350 g/L, and the corn seeds are soaked for 3 hours at normal temperature under the ultrasonic condition (frequency of 25KHZ) and washed by clean water.
Examples of the experiments
Indoor hydroponic experiments were conducted in the national engineering laboratories wheat and corn, academy of agricultural sciences, Shandong province, 5-6 months in 2015. The field identification test is carried out at a research workstation (118 degrees 37'E and 37 degrees 47' N) of doctor Vigordonia, Huanghe Delta, Shandong province, agricultural academy of sciences, yellow river, in 5 months to 2016 years and 10 months, the soil of the test field is saline-alkali soil, the salt content is 2.49 thousandths, the basic nutrient condition of 0-40cm soil layer is pH value 8.0, the organic matter content is 18.4g/kg, total nitrogen is 1.1g/kg, quick-acting nitrogen is 24.8mg/kg, quick-acting phosphorus is 10.1mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium is 168.5 mg/kg.
In-situ identification test in field, the two seasons adopt completely random design, the cell length is 15m, the row spacing is 65cm, 12 rows are planted in each variety, and the planting density is 60000 plants/hm2Repeat 3 times. Wheat straw mulching returning no-tillage machineSowing, applying nitrogen 240kg/hm2，P2O560kg/hm2，K2O 180kg/hm2And other cultivation management is carried out according to the high yield requirement of the common field.
And (3) field yield determination: removing side rows, harvesting 4 rows of corns (5 m in each row) in each cell, weighing the total fresh weight of all ears, randomly selecting 20 ears from the harvested ears according to the average fresh ear weight, examining seeds indoors, inspecting the ear length, the ear thickness, the bald tip length, the ear row number, the row grain number and the thousand grain weight, simultaneously measuring the moisture content of grains, calculating the actual yield (the moisture content is calculated according to 14 percent), and recording.
1. Treatment effect of the same corn variety
Saline-alkali soil planting was performed on the treated bonito 339 corn seeds of examples 1-8, respectively, and planting control was performed on the untreated bonito 339 corn seeds, and the actual yield was calculated according to the above manner and standard and recorded in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 treatment Effect of the same corn varieties
Figure BDA0001768162860000051
Figure BDA0001768162860000061
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the nutrient solution provided by the invention can effectively improve the salt tolerance of corn seeds, and is more suitable for saline-alkali soil planting.
2. Treatment effect of different corn varieties
30 main maize varieties in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize area are selected as test materials (see table 2 below).
Selecting 50 seeds of different corn varieties, soaking the seeds in the culture solution described in example 6 for 2 hours, and then washing the seeds with distilled water for 3-5 times for later use (experimental group); and the untreated corn seeds were used as a control group for the experiment. The actual yields were calculated in the manner and standard described above and reported in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 treatment Effect of different maize varieties
Figure BDA0001768162860000062
Figure BDA0001768162860000071
From the data in the table, the salt tolerance treatment is performed on 30 conventional corn varieties by using the culture solution provided by the invention under field conditions, and the yield performance of the corn varieties in saline-alkali soil is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds is characterized by comprising the following components: HgCl21-2 g/L, 0.5-1.2 g/L of choline chloride and 0.1-0.3 g/L of cholinesterase.
2. The culture solution for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in mass concentration: HgCl21.5 g/L, choline chloride 0.8 g/L, cholinesterase 0.2 g/L.
3. Use of the culture solution for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds of claim 1 or 2 in the field of improving salt tolerance of corn seeds.
4. A method for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds, which comprises the step of immersing corn seeds in the culture solution for improving salt tolerance of corn seeds according to claim 1 or 2.
5. The method for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds as recited in claim 4, wherein the ratio of the corn seeds to the culture solution is 200-500 g/L.
6. The method for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds as recited in claim 5, wherein the steeping step has a steeping time of 2 to 5 hours.
7. The method for improving the salt tolerance of the corn seeds as recited in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the steeping step is performed at normal temperature.
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