CN109004235A - Carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109004235A
CN109004235A CN201810872903.7A CN201810872903A CN109004235A CN 109004235 A CN109004235 A CN 109004235A CN 201810872903 A CN201810872903 A CN 201810872903A CN 109004235 A CN109004235 A CN 109004235A
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lithium ion
carbon
order
dimensional
natural plant
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CN109004235B (en
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王晨
曹雪竹
秋列维
杨晓武
王霞
辛燕
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery, the collector is made of polymer support, order regulator and electrically conductive particles；Wherein, polymer support is natural plant, and natural plant and electrically conductive particles mass ratio are 1:1, and natural plant and order regulator mass ratio are 100:(1~2).Can be in cell manufacturing process from using metal foil, so that electrode weight is decreased obviously, identical electrode quality stores the electricity of several times than the electrode using metal foil collector in the case that electrode active material is constant again more.

Description

Carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium ion battery manufacturing field, especially a kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and Preparation method and lithium ion battery.
Background technique
Collector is the important component of lithium ion battery, and function is mainly the electric current for generating cell active materials Collect to form biggish current versus output.Usually metal foil, when being used for cathode, usually copper foil, for just Pole is usually aluminium foil.After the completion of battery assembly, electrode active material is equably fixed on collection liquid surface, facilitates chemical anti- At once, electronics converges on metal foil.Metal foil itself is not involved in chemical reaction, only provides lamelliform for electrode active material Carrier and facilitate collecting for electric current.In cell manufacturing process, in order to guarantee that electrode active material can come into full contact with electrolyte, The electrode material of a few micrometers of thickness can only be coated on collector.This quality for having resulted in collector but occupies most electricity Pole quality.Therefore it in order to reduce battery weight, is realized generally by the thickness for reducing metal foil, but can not still change collection Fluid occupies the fact that most of battery weight.In order to improve the utilization rate of collector, battery technology worker proposes three Tie up the improvement direction of collector, it is desirable to which afflux physical efficiency develops to the direction of high porosity and high-ratio surface, on condition that guaranteeing afflux The conductive capability of body and bearing capacity to active material.The three-dimensional collector occurred in current research include Metal Substrate and Carbon-based both direction, Metal Substrate collector are that porous material is made using metal material using nickel foam as representative, can effectively be mentioned Bearing capacity of the collector of high unit mass to electrode active material.But as raw metal, in the battery in application, weight It is still higher to measure accounting.Carbon-based collector is then that spongy material is made by the electrically conductive layer material of representative of graphene, is being protected While demonstrate,proving conductive capability, afflux weight accounting is greatly reduced.But it prepares collector using graphene to need to change by oxidation Become dispersibility, then conductive capability is restored by reduction.Preparation process is complicated, also necessarily causes at high cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithiums Ion battery, can be in cell manufacturing process from using metal foil, to realize the purpose of battery loss of weight.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention provide the technical scheme that
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, the collector are by polymer support, order tune Save agent and electrically conductive particles composition；Wherein, polymer support is natural plant, and natural plant and electrically conductive particles mass ratio are 1: 1, natural plant and order regulator mass ratio are 100:(1~2).
The natural plants sol solution is the natural plant with non-ionic character, is selected from guanidine glue or xanthan gum；Have Sequence regulator is the crosslinking agent for having invertibity crosslinking ability to natural plant, is selected from borax or organic borate cross-linker；It leads Electricity is carbon dust, is selected from super-p or acetylene black.
A kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: it is spare to stand swelling after the completion of configuration for first preparing natural plant sol solution；Prepare the order tune of boracic Save agent solution；
Step 2: natural plants sol solution is mixed with electrically conductive particles, it is ensured that natural plant and electrically conductive particles mass ratio For 1:1, then ball milling obtains mixing liquid again；
Step 3: in the mixing liquid obtained by step 2, be added order regulator, it is ensured that natural plants sol solution with have Sequence regulator solution quality ratio is 100:(1~2), then ball milling obtains viscous paste；
Step 4: pouring into slurry obtained by step 3 in mold, and be transferred to cold-trap, is cooled to -40 DEG C and constant temperature processing After be transferred in freeze drier, it is ensured that be completely dried, obtain carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
The natural plants sol solution is the natural plant with non-ionic character, is selected from guanidine glue or xanthan gum.
Order regulator is the crosslinking agent for having invertibity crosslinking ability to natural plant, is selected from borax or organic boron Crosslinking agent.
Conductive is carbon dust, is selected from super-p or acetylene black.
The concentration of natural plants sol solution is 0.5-2%；It is 0.4-2% that order, which adjusts boron content in agent solution,.
In step 4, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h are adjusted the temperature in cold-trap；Pressure is adjusted in freeze drier to 5- 10Pa, duration 12-24h.
A kind of lithium ion battery based on carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, the collector be added with The electrode material of electrically conductive particles phase homogenous quantities.
The electrode material is nanometer Fe3O4Or graphite.
The present invention compared with the prior art, has the advantage that
The present invention, can be to avoid electrically charged electrode active material because of electrical charge rejection due to having used non-ionic polyalcohol The potential risk for causing absorption difficult.The development rate in dissolution swelling process of non-ionic polymers is slower, but can be with Expansion degree and planarization are controlled by order regulator.Sedimentation of the electrically conductive particles in viscous paste can by it is band-like it is non-from Sub- polymer intercepts, and so that electrically conductive particles is tiled on belt flake and forms conductive layer, the method preparation that conductive layer particle settles It is more more convenient than being prepared with graphene.Order regulator with reversible crosslink ability, can allow belt flake is arranged in one Determine in good order in range.Improve electrolyte handling capacity.It is provided since three-dimensional collector can be convenient for electrode active material Adhere to carrier, reacting for active material and electrolyte can be facilitated, so electrode material utilization is high.Due to making for not no metal foil With so that electrode weight is decreased obviously, identical electrode quality is in the case that electrode active material is constant again, than using metal The electrode of foil collector stores the electricity of several times more.
Preparation method of the invention is since raw material uses polymer support, order regulator and electrically conductive particles, to locate Reason step is effectively reduced, and is poured into grinding tool as conventional operation viscous paste by obtained by, and cold-trap cooling is put into To -40 DEG C of constant temperature 3h, freeze drier is transferred to, adjusts pressure 5-10Pa, until completely dry, obtaining spongy material is three Tie up collector.Order control is carried out using layer material self-characteristic simultaneously, keeps the arrangement of collector more regular, thus Obtain better electrolyte handling capacity.When electrode active material conductive network surface carry out lithium ion exchanged reaction when, can Facilitate and flowing in and out for electronics is provided, plays the effect of collector.
Detailed description of the invention
The carbon-based three-dimensional order collector porous structure figure of Fig. 1；
The carbon-based three-dimensional order collection liquid surface Fe of Fig. 23O4Distribution map；
Fig. 3 Fe3O4In the CV curve of three-dimensional collection liquid surface reaction；
Fig. 4 is using Fe when three-dimensional collector3O4Cycle performance.
Specific embodiment
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries of the present invention, including polymer support, order regulator and Electrically conductive particles.Polymer support refers to the natural plant with non-ionic character, such as guanidine glue and xanthan gum.Order is adjusted Agent is the crosslinking agent for having invertibity crosslinking ability to natural plant, such as borax and organic borate cross-linker.Electrically conductive particles are Refer to superfine carbon dust such as super-p or acetylene black.
The process of three-dimensional collector preparation is as follows.First carrier is dissolved in the water, graininess natural plant is molten at this time Stretching, extension becomes band in liquid.By electrically conductive particles and natural plants sol solution mixed grinding it is uniform after, order regulator is added, then grinds Mill is uniform.Gained viscous paste is poured into grinding tool, cold-trap is put into and is cooled to -40 DEG C of constant temperature 3h, transfer to freeze drier, Pressure 5-10Pa is adjusted, until being completely dried.Gained spongy material is three-dimensional collector.
Thinking of the invention is: covering conductive materials on the layer material surface of nanometer grade thickness, utilizes layer material It is intertwined to form three-dimensional conductive network.Order control is carried out using layer material self-characteristic simultaneously, makes the row of collector Column are more regular, to obtain better electrolyte handling capacity.When electrode active material carries out lithium on conductive network surface When ion-exchange reactions, it can facilitate and flowing in and out for electronics is provided, play the effect of collector.Specific preparation method is such as Under.
Preparation method concrete operations of the invention are as follows: first preparing natural plant sol solution, concentration 0.5-2%, stand Swelling time 4-6h.Order regulator solution is prepared, boron content 0.4-2% is made.By natural plants sol solution with lead Electric particle mixing ensures natural plant and electrically conductive particles mass ratio is 1:1.After ball milling 5min, order regulator is added, really It protects natural plants sol solution and order regulator solution quality ratio is 100:1~2.Ball milling 5min obtains viscous paste again.Slurry Material pour into mold, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h are adjusted the temperature in cold-trap, after be transferred in freeze drier, adjust pressure to 5-10Pa, duration 12-24h, it is ensured that be completely dried, obtain carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.It is answered by three-dimensional order collector When for negative electrode of lithium ion battery, the electrode activity thing of phase homogenous quantities is added while electrically conductive particles need to be added during the preparation process Matter.Three-dimensional order collector with electrode active material can be used as electrode use.
Embodiment 1
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, first prepares guanidine sol solution, and concentration 0.5% stands swelling Time 4h.Borax soln is prepared as order regulator, concentration 3.5%, being scaled boron content is 0.4%, by guanidine Sol solution is mixed with super-p by 100:0.5 mass ratio, after making guanidine glue and the mass ratio 1:1 of super-p, ball milling 5min, is added Enter order regulator, makes the mass ratio 100:2 of guanidine sol solution Yu order regulator, then ball milling 5min, obtain viscous paste. Slurry is poured into mold, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h are adjusted the temperature in cold-trap, after be transferred in freeze drier, adjust pressure Power is to 5Pa, duration 12h, it is ensured that is completely dried, obtains carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
When needing nanometer Fe3O4As electrode material in use, only super-p need to be added in afflux production procedure When, add the nanometer Fe of phase homogenous quantities3O4, can stablize when being used as electrode circulation 500 times or more, make Fe3O4It plays The capacity of 600mAh/g or more out.Its three-dimensional porous structure such as Fig. 1, active material is in collection liquid surface insertion such as Fig. 2, this knot Structure can make Fe3O4It is come into full contact with electrolyte and electric current is conveniently come together in into collector.Fig. 3 then shows Fe3O4In collection liquid surface CV curve when charge and discharge, shows collector to Fe3O4Chemical change do not influence.When Fig. 4 is using three-dimensional collector Fe3O4Electrode cycle performance map, according to data in figure, Fe3O4It is still being able to maintain effectively after 500 circulations with collector Contact, so that Fe3O4Play the capacity of 600mAh/g or more.
Embodiment 2
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, first prepares xanthan gum solution, and concentration 2% stands swelling Time 6h.Borax soln is prepared as order regulator, concentration 3.5%, being scaled boron content is 0.4%, will be yellow Virgin rubber solution is mixed with acetylene black by 100:2 mass ratio, makes the mass ratio 1:1 of xanthan gum and acetylene black, after ball milling 5min, is added Enter order regulator, makes the mass ratio 100:1 of xanthan gum solution Yu order regulator, then ball milling 5min, obtain sticky slurry Material.Slurry is poured into mold, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h are adjusted the temperature in cold-trap, after be transferred in freeze drier, adjust Pressure is saved to 5Pa, the duration is for 24 hours, it is ensured that is completely dried, obtains carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
When needing using graphite as electrode material in use, adding when only need to add acetylene black in afflux production procedure The graphite for adding phase homogenous quantities can be stablized circulation 1000 times or more when using as electrode, graphite is made to play 360mAh/ The capacity of g.Since, without using copper foil, electrode quality reduction amount is more than 50% in collector.
Embodiment 3
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries first prepares guanidine sol solution, concentration 1%, when standing swelling Between 5h.Borax soln is prepared as order regulator, concentration 3%, being scaled boron content is 1%, by guanidine sol solution It is mixed with acetylene black by 100:1.5 mass ratio, makes the mass ratio 1:1 of guanidine glue and acetylene black, after ball milling 5min, order is added Regulator makes the mass ratio 100:1.5 of guanidine sol solution Yu order regulator, then ball milling 5min, obtains viscous paste.Slurry Pour into mold, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h adjusted the temperature in cold-trap, after be transferred in freeze drier, adjust pressure to 5Pa, the duration is for 24 hours, it is ensured that is completely dried, obtains carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
When needing using graphite as electrode material in use, adding when only need to add acetylene black in afflux production procedure The graphite for adding phase homogenous quantities can be stablized circulation 1000 times or more when using as electrode, graphite is made to play 360mAh/ The capacity of g.Since, without using copper foil, electrode quality reduction amount is more than 50% in collector.Lithium ion battery selects the electrode Material.
Embodiment 4
A kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, first prepares xanthan gum solution, and concentration 0.5% is stood molten Swollen time 4h.Borax soln is prepared as order regulator, concentration 3.5%, being scaled boron content is 0.4%, will Xanthan gum solution is mixed with super-p by 100:0.5 mass ratio, makes xanthan gum and the mass ratio 1:1 of super-p, ball milling After 5min, order regulator is added, makes the mass ratio 100:2 of xanthan gum solution Yu order regulator, then ball milling 5min, Obtain viscous paste.Slurry is poured into mold, -40 DEG C, and constant temperature 3h are adjusted the temperature in cold-trap, after be transferred to freeze-drying In machine, pressure is adjusted to 5Pa, duration 12h, it is ensured that be completely dried, obtain carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
When needing nanometer Fe3O4As electrode material in use, only super-p need to be added in afflux production procedure When, add the nanometer Fe of phase homogenous quantities3O4?.Lithium ion battery selects the electrode material.
The above content is further detailed description of the invention, and it cannot be said that a specific embodiment of the invention only It is limited to this, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, also Several simple deduction or replace can be made, the present invention is all shall be regarded as belonging to by the claims submitted and determines protection Range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, it is characterised in that: the collector be by polymer support, Order regulator and electrically conductive particles composition；Wherein, polymer support is natural plant, natural plant and electrically conductive particles matter For amount than being 1:1, natural plant and order regulator mass ratio are 100:(1~2).
2. a kind of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the natural plant Object sol solution is the natural plant with non-ionic character, is selected from guanidine glue or xanthan gum；Order regulator is planted to natural Object glue has the crosslinking agent of invertibity crosslinking ability, is selected from borax or organic borate cross-linker；Conductive is carbon dust, is selected from Super-p or acetylene black.
3. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: it is spare to stand swelling after the completion of configuration for first preparing natural plant sol solution；Prepare the order regulator of boracic Solution；
Step 2: natural plants sol solution is mixed with electrically conductive particles, it is ensured that natural plant is 1 with electrically conductive particles mass ratio: 1, then ball milling obtains mixing liquid again；
Step 3: in the mixing liquid obtained by step 2, order regulator is added, it is ensured that natural plants sol solution and order Regulator solution quality ratio is 100:(1~2), then ball milling obtains viscous paste；
Step 4: pouring into slurry obtained by step 3 in mold, and be transferred to cold-trap, turns after being cooled to -40 DEG C and constant temperature processing It moves in freeze drier, it is ensured that be completely dried, obtain carbon-based three-dimensional order collector.
4. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The natural plants sol solution stated is the natural plant with non-ionic character, is selected from guanidine glue or xanthan gum.
5. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that have Sequence regulator is the crosslinking agent for having invertibity crosslinking ability to natural plant, is selected from borax or organic borate cross-linker.
6. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that lead Electricity is carbon dust, is selected from super-p or acetylene black.
7. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that day The concentration of right plant sol solution is 0.5-2%；It is 0.4-2% that order, which adjusts boron content in agent solution,.
8. a kind of preparation method of carbon-based three-dimensional lithium ion battery collector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step In rapid four, the constant temperature 3h in cold-trap；Pressure is adjusted in freeze drier to 5-10Pa, duration 12-24h.
9. a kind of lithium ion battery based on carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries described in claim 1, feature It is, the electrode material with electrically conductive particles phase homogenous quantities is added in the collector.
10. the lithium ion battery according to claim 9 based on carbon-based three-dimensional order affluxion body in lithium ion batteries, feature It is, the electrode material is nanometer Fe3O4Or graphite.
CN201810872903.7A 2018-08-02 2018-08-02 Carbon-based three-dimensional ordered lithium ion battery current collector, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery Active CN109004235B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150243995A1 (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-27 Hercules Incorporated Cross-linked binder composition for lithium ion batteries and methods for producing the same
CN106328940A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-01-11 南昌大学 Method for preparing high-porosity carbon-based current collector anode pieces of lithium ion batteries
JP2017224407A (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 東洋インキＳｃホールディングス株式会社 Conductive composition, backing layer-attached current collector for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150243995A1 (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-27 Hercules Incorporated Cross-linked binder composition for lithium ion batteries and methods for producing the same
JP2017224407A (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 東洋インキＳｃホールディングス株式会社 Conductive composition, backing layer-attached current collector for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
CN106328940A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-01-11 南昌大学 Method for preparing high-porosity carbon-based current collector anode pieces of lithium ion batteries

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