CN109001650B - Power failure detection delay circuit for engine control system - Google Patents

Power failure detection delay circuit for engine control system Download PDF

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CN109001650B
CN109001650B CN201811010601.5A CN201811010601A CN109001650B CN 109001650 B CN109001650 B CN 109001650B CN 201811010601 A CN201811010601 A CN 201811010601A CN 109001650 B CN109001650 B CN 109001650B
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power supply
unit
energy storage
control system
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CN109001650A (en
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张竟飞
文建刚
何颐
周亚军
张格�
张环宇
胡博
杨森
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Xian Aerospace Propulsion Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system, which comprises a voltage reduction energy storage unit, a voltage division unit, a comparison unit, an isolation detection unit and a current backflow prevention unit, wherein the voltage reduction energy storage unit is used for storing a voltage; the voltage reduction energy storage unit charges the voltage reduction energy storage unit by using a power supply and supplies power when the power is off; the voltage dividing unit reduces the output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit and the voltage of the power supply and then outputs the reduced output voltage and the reduced output voltage to the comparison unit; the comparison unit compares the two received voltages and outputs a comparison result to the isolation detection unit; the isolation detection unit transmits the comparison result to the microcontroller in an isolated manner, provides a high level signal or a low level signal to the input end of the microcontroller and is used for providing a basis for the microcontroller to carry out power failure judgment based on a rising edge; the current backflow prevention unit is used for preventing the power supply from being reversely connected and the voltage reduction energy storage unit cannot reversely flow into the power supply when the power failure occurs. The circuit is simple, can detect power failure of a power supply, and can delay power supply in a short time.

Description

Power failure detection delay circuit for engine control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery power protection, in particular to a power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system.
Background
The modern missile servo system has high requirement on the reliability of an application environment, and under certain special conditions (such as asynchronous rotation of a position sensor and an output shaft and a certain proportional relation), current position information needs to be stored when the power is cut off, and a power failure detection delay circuit becomes a vital part of a control circuit of an engine control system.
In a special solid engine control system, a flow switch valve is driven by a motor and a speed reducer with a small reduction ratio. Due to space limitation, a position sensor (a rotary transformer) cannot be directly arranged on an output shaft, but is arranged at the output end of the servo motor, and the output of the rotary transformer has a certain proportional relation with the output of an actual output shaft. The relationship between the output mechanical angle and the electrical detection angle is shown in table 1 (assuming a reduction ratio of 4: 1). Before use, the electric zero position and the mechanical zero position are ensured to be consistent.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001784960100000011
The angle output range of the rotary transformer is 0-360 degrees, when the actual mechanical angle rotates for one circle, the electrical angle of the rotary transformer rotates for the whole circle, and when the feedback electrical angle acquired by the control system is zero, the output mechanical angle is not necessarily zero. The resulting zero position (the controller can only recognize the electrical zero position) for each power-up return-to-zero operation may not be a true mechanical zero position. If zero setting work is carried out before each power-on, the work is complicated and the danger is large; if the system is guaranteed to return to the electrical and mechanical zero point before each power failure, the zero point still needs to be reset when power failure occurs midway under special conditions, and the method cannot be popularized and applied to projects. One effective measure for solving this problem is that the control system stores the current position information when the power is off, and performs the zeroing operation when the power is on again by taking the stored position information as the actual feedback.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system, which has a simple circuit, can detect power failure of a power supply, and can delay power supply for a short time.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system comprises a voltage reduction energy storage unit, a voltage division unit, a comparison unit, an isolation detection unit and a current backflow prevention unit;
the voltage reduction and energy storage unit is connected with a power supply of the engine control system, and is used for charging the voltage reduction and energy storage unit and supplying power to the engine control system when the power fails;
the voltage dividing unit reduces the output voltage of the voltage reduction and energy storage unit by a certain proportion and outputs the reduced output voltage to the comparison unit, and meanwhile, the voltage of the power supply is reduced by the proportion and then outputs the reduced output voltage to the comparison unit;
the comparison unit compares the received output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit with the voltage of the power supply and outputs a comparison result to the isolation detection unit;
the isolation detection unit transmits the received comparison result to the microcontroller in an isolated manner, so that a power supply source and a microcontroller power source in the engine control system can be isolated, and meanwhile, when the output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit is greater than the voltage of the power supply source, a high level signal is provided to the input end of the microcontroller in the engine control system; when the output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit is less than the voltage of the power supply, a low level signal is provided for the input end of a microcontroller in the engine control system; the high level signal and the low level signal are used for providing a basis for the microcontroller to carry out power failure judgment based on the rising edge;
the current backflow prevention unit is arranged on a connection circuit of the power supply and the engine control system and a connection circuit of the voltage reduction energy storage unit and the engine control system and used for preventing the reverse connection of the power supply and the reverse backflow of the voltage reduction energy storage unit to the power supply when the power failure occurs.
Furthermore, the voltage reduction energy storage unit consists of a resistor R1, a triode Q1, a voltage stabilizing diode D1 and an energy storage capacitor C1;
the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1 to the positive end of the power supply, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and the voltage-stabilizing end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the positive end of the energy-storing capacitor C1, and the other end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the negative end of the energy-storing capacitor C1 and is grounded; the triode Q1, the resistor R1 and the voltage stabilizing diode D1 form a voltage reduction circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, and form a reference source to supply power for an engine control system.
Further, the voltage division unit is composed of resistors R2, R3, R4 and R5;
the resistors R2 and R3 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1 is divided equally, and a voltage dividing point is connected with the negative input end of the comparison unit;
the resistors R4 and R5 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the power supply to divide the voltage of the power supply equally, and the voltage dividing point is connected with the positive input end of the comparison unit.
Furthermore, the comparison unit is a comparator U1, a positive input terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a voltage-sharing point of the power supply, a negative input terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a voltage-sharing point of the energy storage capacitor, a power supply terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a positive terminal of the C1, a ground terminal is connected to a power ground, and a comparison result is output from the output terminal by comparing a voltage magnitude relationship between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the comparator U1.
Further, the isolation detection unit is composed of a resistor R6, an optocoupler U2 and a resistor R7;
the input low end of the optical coupler U2 is connected with the output end of the comparator U1, the input high end of the optical coupler U2 is connected to the positive end of the capacitor C1 through the resistor R6, the output positive end of the optical coupler U2 is connected with the power supply of the microcontroller, and the output negative end of the optical coupler U2 is grounded through the resistor R7 and output to the interrupt interface of the microcontroller.
Further, the current reverse-flow prevention unit consists of diodes D2 and D3;
the positive end of the diode D2 is connected with the positive end of the power supply, and the negative end of the diode D2 is output to the engine control system; the positive end of the diode D3 is connected with the positive end of the C1, and the negative end of the diode D2 is connected with the negative end of the D1 and outputs the D to the engine control system.
Has the advantages that:
1. the power failure is detected through the circuit, the energy storage unit is used for delaying the power failure, and the power failure detection circuit is applied to a missile servo system without repeated zero setting, so that the missile testing danger is reduced, and the workload is reduced; the power supply does not need to be backed up, the energy storage capacitor discharges to delay the power failure process and serves as a temporary power supply, the microprocessor finishes power failure control and stores important data, the servo control system is more flexible in design, the capability of coping with emergency situations is stronger, and the use is more convenient.
2. The voltage reduction circuit stabilizes the voltage of the energy storage capacitor to a specific value without additionally adding a reference source and can be used as a reference source of the comparator.
3. The invention does not need to be used as a power supply protection circuit, and when the anode and the cathode of the power supply are reversely connected, a diode in the circuit plays a short-time protection role.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power down detection delay circuit;
fig. 2 is a power down detection delay circuit diagram.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system, which is applied to a missile servo system, a power supply of a missile control circuit generally uses a +28V battery, and each subsystem is converted into a required voltage value through DC-DC conversion for use. The power failure detection delay circuit 600 includes a step-down energy storage unit 100, a voltage division unit 200, a comparison unit 300, an isolation detection unit 400, and a current backflow prevention unit 500, as shown in fig. 1.
The connection relationship of the parts is shown in FIG. 2:
the step-down energy storage unit 100 consists of a resistor R1, a triode Q1, a voltage-stabilizing diode D1 and an energy storage capacitor C1; a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1 to be connected to a sprung power supply +28V, a base of the triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and a voltage-stabilizing end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1, an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the positive end of the energy-storage capacitor C1, namely a point B, and the other end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the negative end of the C1 and connected in parallel with a +28V ground DGND; the triode Q1, the resistor R1 and the voltage stabilizing diode D1 form a voltage reducing circuit to charge the capacitor C1 and form a reference source to supply power for an engine control system.
The voltage division unit 200 is composed of resistors R2, R3, R4 and R5; resistors R2 and R3 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with two ends of an energy storage capacitor C1, a voltage sharing point is connected with the negative input end of the comparison unit 300, and the resistors R2 and R3 share the voltage of two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1; the resistors R4 and R5 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of a power supply, a voltage sharing point is connected with the positive input end of the comparison unit 300, and the resistors R4 and R5 share the +28V of the sprung power supply voltage.
The comparison unit 300 is a comparator U1 and adopts a single-ended power supply form; pin 2 of the comparator U1, namely the positive input end, is connected with the voltage sharing points of the resistors R4 and R5, pin 3 of the comparator U1, namely the negative input end, is connected with the voltage sharing points of the resistors R2 and R3, pin 8 of the power supply end of the comparator U1 is connected with the positive end of the capacitor C1, pin 4 of the ground end of the comparator U1 is connected with pin 1 to +28V ground, and pin 7 of the comparator U1 is used as the output end to be output; by comparing the voltage magnitude relationship between pins 2 and 3, it is determined whether the output of pin 7 is high or low.
The isolation detection unit 400 consists of a resistor R6, an optocoupler U2 and a resistor R7; the input low end of the optocoupler U2 is connected with a pin 7 of a comparator U1, the input high end of U2 is connected to a point B through a resistor R6, the output positive end of U2 is connected with +3.3V of a microcontroller power supply, and the output negative end of U2 is pulled down to +3.3V ground GND through a resistor R7 and is output to a microcontroller interrupt interface in an engine control system; because the isolation detection unit 400 transmits optical signals, the interference of electric signals can be avoided, +28V and +3.3V can be effectively isolated through the isolation detection unit 400, 3.3V cannot be influenced even if the 28V voltage fluctuates, and the interference to the microcontroller end is reduced.
The current backflow preventing unit 500 consists of diodes D2 and D3; the positive end of the diode D2 is connected with the positive end of +28V, namely the point C, and the negative end is output to the engine control system; the positive end of the diode D3 is connected with the positive end of the C1, namely the point B, and the negative end is connected with the negative end of the D2 and outputs the negative end to the engine control system. During normal power supply, +28V can not influence the both ends voltage of electric capacity C1, during the power failure, electric capacity C1 electric quantity can not backward flow the power under diode D2's effect yet, if the mistake that the +28V power was received reversely appears, does not form the return circuit, can't load the power at engine control system both ends, also can prevent the harm to engine control system.
The working principle is as follows: the voltage stabilizing diode D1 of the voltage-reducing energy-storing unit 100 uses 1N4748A, the voltage stabilizing value is 22V, the resistor R1 provides bias current for the triode Q1, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the resistor R1 form a path to control the on-off of the triode Q1, and then the energy-storing capacitor C1 is charged, because the electric energy provided by the capacitor C1 is supplied to the engine control system to continuously work for more than ten milliseconds, the capacitance value of the capacitor C is selected to be large (about 2000 UF), and the capacitor C can be selected according to the power consumption of an actual circuit; the voltage stabilizing diode D1 stabilizes the voltage of the positive end of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, namely the point A to 22V, when the voltage value of the point B is lower than 21.3V (a diode is arranged between the base electrode and the emitter electrode of the triode, the voltage of the common tube is reduced to 0.7V), namely the capacitor is not fully charged, the triode Q1 is conducted to charge the C1, when the voltage of the point B reaches 21.3V, the triode Q1 is turned off, and the charging is completed.
R2 and R3 in the voltage dividing unit 200 equally divide and output the voltage at the point B to the 2 pins of the comparing unit 300, i.e., U1, and R4 and R5 equally divide and output the voltage at the point C to the 3 pins of the comparator U1 for comparison with each other, and in order to prevent the voltage dividing unit 200 from consuming too much power, a resistor with a large resistance is used. If the voltage of the pin 2 is greater than the voltage of the pin 3, the output of the pin 7 is high, otherwise, the output of the pin 7 is low; the input terminals of the R6 and the light emitting diode of the U2, i.e., the U2, of the isolation detection unit 400 pull the pin 7 of the U1 high, and the output terminal of the U2 is pulled low through the resistor R7. When the pin 7 is high, the diode of the U2 is not turned on, the output end of the U2 connected with the microcontroller is at low level, when the pin 7 is low, the diode of the U2 is turned on to emit light, and the output end of the U2 is at high level.
The pop-up power supply supplies power to the engine control system through the D2, when the power supply is normal, the voltage of the point C is higher than that of the point B, the D2 can prevent the stored energy from being reversely poured into the pop-up power supply, and the D3 can prevent the power supply voltage from influencing the step-down energy storage unit 100; if the power supply voltage is reversed, the D1 and the R1 form a passage, the D2 and the D3 prevent the current from passing through, and a loop cannot be formed, so that the circuit of the engine control system can be effectively prevented from being damaged. When the power of the pop-up power supply is off, the voltage of a point C is rapidly reduced, when the voltage of a pin 2 is judged to be smaller than the voltage of a pin 3 through the comparator U1, namely the voltage of the point C is lower than the voltage of a point B, at the moment, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the control system circuit through D3, the output of the pin 7 of the comparison unit 300 is low, U2 is conducted, an INT0 signal output by the isolation detection unit 400 is changed into high level, the microcontroller detects the rising edge from the low level to the high level, the pop-up power supply is considered to be powered off, important system data are immediately stored through the electric energy provided by the capacitor C1, and the servo. When the power is powered on next time, the microprocessor reads the data in the solid-state memory first and then starts the work flow.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A power failure detection delay circuit for an engine control system is characterized by comprising a voltage reduction energy storage unit, a voltage division unit, a comparison unit, an isolation detection unit and a current backflow prevention unit;
the voltage reduction and energy storage unit is connected with a power supply of the engine control system, and is used for charging the voltage reduction and energy storage unit and supplying power to the engine control system when the power fails; the voltage reduction energy storage unit consists of a resistor R1, a triode Q1, a voltage stabilizing diode D1 and an energy storage capacitor C1; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1 to the positive end of the power supply, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1 and the voltage-stabilizing end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the positive end of the energy-storing capacitor C1, and the other end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the negative end of the energy-storing capacitor C1 and is grounded; the triode Q1, the resistor R1 and the voltage stabilizing diode D1 form a voltage reducing circuit to charge the energy storage capacitor C1 and form a reference source to supply power for an engine control system;
the voltage dividing unit reduces the output voltage of the voltage reduction and energy storage unit by a certain proportion and outputs the reduced output voltage to the comparison unit, and meanwhile, the voltage of the power supply is reduced by the proportion and then outputs the reduced output voltage to the comparison unit;
the comparison unit compares the received output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit with the voltage of the power supply and outputs a comparison result to the isolation detection unit;
the isolation detection unit transmits the received comparison result to the microcontroller in an isolated manner, so that a power supply source and a microcontroller power source in the engine control system can be isolated, and meanwhile, when the output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit is greater than the voltage of the power supply source, a high level signal is provided to the input end of the microcontroller in the engine control system; when the output voltage of the voltage reduction energy storage unit is less than the voltage of the power supply, a low level signal is provided for the input end of a microcontroller in the engine control system; the high level signal and the low level signal are used for providing a basis for the microcontroller to carry out power failure judgment based on the rising edge; the isolation detection unit consists of a resistor R6, an optocoupler U2 and a resistor R7; the input low end of the optocoupler U2 is connected with the output end of the comparator U1, the input high end of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the positive end of the capacitor C1 through a resistor R6, the output positive end of the optocoupler U2 is connected with a power supply of the microcontroller, and the output negative end of the optocoupler U2 is grounded through a resistor R7 and output to an interrupt interface of the microcontroller;
the current backflow prevention unit is arranged on a connection circuit between the power supply and the engine control system and between the voltage reduction energy storage unit and the engine control system and is used for preventing the reverse connection of the power supply and the reverse backflow of the voltage reduction energy storage unit to the power supply when the power failure occurs;
the current backflow preventing unit consists of diodes D2 and D3; the positive end of the diode D2 is connected with the positive end of the power supply, and the negative end of the diode D2 is output to the engine control system; the positive end of the diode D3 is connected with the positive end of the C1, and the negative end of the diode D2 is connected with the negative end of the D1 and outputs the D to the engine control system.
2. The power-down detection delay circuit for an engine control system according to claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing unit is composed of resistors R2, R3, R4, R5;
the resistors R2 and R3 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1, the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1 is divided equally, and a voltage dividing point is connected with the negative input end of the comparison unit;
the resistors R4 and R5 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the power supply to divide the voltage of the power supply equally, and the voltage dividing point is connected with the positive input end of the comparison unit.
3. The power-down detection delay circuit for the engine control system of claim 2, wherein the comparing unit is a comparator U1, a positive input terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a voltage-sharing point of a power supply, a negative input terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a voltage-sharing point of an energy storage capacitor, a power supply terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to a positive terminal of the C1, a ground terminal is connected to a power ground, and a comparison result is output from the output terminal by comparing a voltage magnitude relationship between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the comparator U1.
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