CN108996989A - 一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108996989A CN108996989A CN201811069734.XA CN201811069734A CN108996989A CN 108996989 A CN108996989 A CN 108996989A CN 201811069734 A CN201811069734 A CN 201811069734A CN 108996989 A CN108996989 A CN 108996989A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SKFIUGUKJUULEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].CCCCO SKFIUGUKJUULEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940074869 marquis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XRRONFCBYFZWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XRRONFCBYFZWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIVNZHXRIPJOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XIVNZHXRIPJOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VBUNOIXRZNJNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ponazuril Chemical compound CC1=CC(N2C(N(C)C(=O)NC2=O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)C=C1 VBUNOIXRZNJNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，该制备方法是：首先，将一定量硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入丁醇锆、硅酸丁酯、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙及硬脂酸镁，搅拌一段时间，制得复合物A；其次，在水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土，经搅拌磨、过滤，制得复合物B；然后，在水浴条件下，向复合物B中，加入复合物A，经球磨，制得复合物C；最后，将复合物C转移至模具中，经干燥、热处理，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。该保温陶瓷复合材料具有多孔结构，具有机械强度高、耐侯性好、保温性能优异、质量轻等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料的制备技术，特别是一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
保温陶瓷材料具有十分广泛的用途，具有防火性能好的特点，同时具有导热系数高、密度大的缺陷。许多研究者致力于改善保温陶瓷材料的缺陷，采用填充压缩气体、使用碳化硅等发泡材料等，使保温陶瓷内部形成孔隙，具有保温隔热作用，例如：CN103936400A报道了一种氧化铝基多孔陶瓷保温材料的制备方法；CN103951457A以碳化硅、煤矸石、粉煤灰、矿岩及粘土为原料，制备了一种泡沫陶瓷墙体保温材料及其制备方法。大多数制备的保温陶瓷材料，内部孔隙分布不均匀，陶瓷的机械加工性能会下降、不利于加工，使用也会受到限制。
因此，寻求机械性能良好、孔隙均匀、质轻、耐候性好的保温陶瓷复合材料，已经成为陶瓷材料领域的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法。该保温陶瓷复合材料通过化学制备技术及物理方法制备，复合了二氧化锆、二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化镁、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土。
本发明的技术解决方案是：将一定量硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入丁醇锆、硅酸丁酯、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙及硬脂酸镁，搅拌一段时间，制得复合物A；在水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土，经搅拌磨、过滤，制得复合物B；在水浴条件下，向复合物B中，加入复合物A，经球磨，制得复合物C；将复合物C转移至模具中，经干燥、热处理，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。
所述的溶液A中，在硬脂酸体系中，丁醇锆与硅酸丁酯通过交联反应，并与硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙及硬脂酸镁相结合，形成复合物A；硬脂酸钠作为表面活性剂，聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂，聚乙二醇作为分散剂，在水相体系中，均匀分散于珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土中，形成复合物B；复合物A通过球磨分散于复合物A中，形成无机物（珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土）-有机物（硬脂酸、丁醇锆、硅酸丁酯、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇及聚乙二醇）复合体系，经热处理，有机物被除去，制备了含有多孔结构的含二氧化锆、二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化镁、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土的保温陶瓷复合材料。
本发明与现有技术相比，该保温陶瓷复合材料具有多孔结构，复合了二氧化锆、二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化镁、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土，具有机械强度高、耐侯性好、保温性能优异、质量轻等优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术解决方案，这些实施例不能理解为是对技术解决方案的限制。
实施例1：依以下步骤制备一种保温陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：将1000g硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入152.8g质量浓度为80%的正丁醇锆、102.3g硅酸丁酯、33.6g硬脂酸锌、25.8g硬脂酸钙及18.9g硬脂酸镁，搅拌4h，制得复合物A；
步骤2：在72oC水浴条件下，向1000mL水中，加入30g硬脂酸钠、15g聚乙烯醇、10g聚乙二醇PEG-6000、50g珍珠岩、60g粉煤灰、30g玻璃微珠及300g高岭土，经搅拌研磨12h、过滤，制得复合物B；
步骤3：在72oC水浴条件下，向600g复合物B中，加入100g复合物A，经球磨8h，制得复合物C；
步骤4：将复合物C转移至模具中，经110oC干燥12h、1000oC热处理12h，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。
实施例2：依以下步骤制备一种保温陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：将1000g硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入254.6g质量浓度为80%的异丁醇锆、170.5g硅酸丁酯、67.3g硬脂酸锌、51.6g硬脂酸钙及37.7g硬脂酸镁，搅拌6h，制得复合物A；
步骤2：在80oC水浴条件下，向1000mL水中，加入50g硬脂酸钠、30g聚乙烯醇、20g聚乙二醇PEG-20000、100g珍珠岩、120g粉煤灰、80g玻璃微珠及300g高岭土，经搅拌研磨18h、过滤，制得复合物B；
步骤3：在80oC水浴条件下，向600g复合物B中，加入200g复合物A，经球磨12h，制得复合物C；
步骤4：将复合物C转移至模具中，经150oC干燥8h、1200oC热处理8h，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。
实施例3：依以下步骤制备一种保温陶瓷复合材料。
步骤1：将1000g硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入203.7g质量浓度为80%的正丁醇锆、136.4g硅酸丁酯、50.4g硬脂酸锌、38.7g硬脂酸钙及28.3g硬脂酸镁，搅拌5h，制得复合物A；
步骤2：在77oC水浴条件下，向1000mL水中，加入40g硬脂酸钠、22.5g聚乙烯醇、15g聚乙二醇PEG-15000、75g珍珠岩、90g粉煤灰、55g玻璃微珠及300g高岭土，经搅拌研磨15h、过滤，制得复合物B；
步骤3：在77oC水浴条件下，向600g复合物B中，加入150g复合物A，经球磨10h，制得复合物C；
步骤4：将复合物C转移至模具中，经130oC干燥10h、1100oC热处理10h，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。
Claims (3)
1.一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法是：
第一步：将一定量硬脂酸加热至融化，向其中加入质量浓度为80%的正丁醇锆、硅酸丁酯、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙及硬脂酸镁，搅拌4h-6h，制得复合物A，其中，丁醇锆、硅酸丁酯、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙及硬脂酸镁占硬脂酸的摩尔浓度分别为0.3mol/L-0.5mol/L、0.3mol/L-0.5mol/L、0.05mol/L-0.1mol/L、0.04mol/L-0.08mol/L及0.03mol/L-0.06mol/L；
第二步：在72oC-80oC水浴条件下，向一定量水中，加入硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇PEG、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土，经搅拌研磨12h-18h、过滤，制得复合物B，其中，硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇PEG、珍珠岩、粉煤灰、玻璃微珠及高岭土占水的质量比例分别为3%-5%、1.5%-3%、1%-2%、5%-10%、6%-12%、3%-8%及30%；
第三步：在72oC-80oC水浴条件下，向一定量复合物B中，加入复合物A，经球磨8h-12h，制得复合物C，其中，复合物A占复合物B的质量比例控制1/6-1/3；
第四步：将复合物C转移至模具中，经110oC-150oC干燥8h-12h、1000oC-1200oC热处理8h-12h，制得保温陶瓷复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复合物A中，丁醇锆为正丁醇锆或异丁醇锆。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种保温陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复合物B中，PEG分子量可选6000-20000。
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