CN108994351B - Rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, machining method and application - Google Patents
Rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, machining method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994351B CN108994351B CN201810923678.5A CN201810923678A CN108994351B CN 108994351 B CN108994351 B CN 108994351B CN 201810923678 A CN201810923678 A CN 201810923678A CN 108994351 B CN108994351 B CN 108994351B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/009—Stepped drills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/02—Connections between shanks and removable cutting heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/04—Drills for trepanning
- B23B51/0411—Drills for trepanning with stepped tubular cutting bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/06—Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment
- B23B51/063—Deep hole drills, e.g. ejector drills
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, a processing method and application, wherein the rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill is used for processing a deep hole with a step, the length-diameter ratio of which is more than 15, and the wall thickness of which is less than 5 mm. The switching structure that the drill bit assembly end of drilling rod was equipped with can the different radial dimension drill bits of switching assembly, need not to change the drilling rod, and the drilling rod that whole journey used and big footpath drill bit supporting, the probability that greatly reduced drilling rod blockked up just need not to do the preparation work of changing the drilling rod repeatedly, and machining efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerospace, in particular to a rotary drill bit deep hole drill. In addition, the invention also relates to a processing method and application of the rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill.
Background
The deep hole drill is a technology widely applied to the mechanical manufacturing industry, particularly the aerospace manufacturing industry, long shaft parts related to the field have higher and higher requirements on the technical level of the deep hole drill, and particularly thin-wall slender shaft parts with stepped holes. The length-diameter ratio of the parts is larger than 15, the wall thickness is less than 5mm, the rigidity is poor, and the requirements on chip removal, tool life and equipment in deep hole drilling are extremely strict. At present, when a deep hole drilling technology is used for processing a step hole, a method of processing a small hole and then a large hole is generally adopted, two drill bits and drill rods which correspond to radial dimensions are needed, and guiding suitable for the drill bits is provided, preparation work needs to be carried out twice in the processing process, particularly, when a material which is difficult to break is processed, the drill rods are easy to block due to small hole diameters in the small hole processing process, if scrap iron accumulated in the drill rods is cleaned, the small steps are easy to form on the surfaces of inner holes of parts, the requirement of wall thickness difference is difficult to guarantee, the processing efficiency is low, and a new method for processing the deep hole drilling of the rotary drill bits is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rotary drill bit deep hole drill, a machining method and application, and aims to solve the technical problems that when a step hole is machined by a deep hole drill, two drill bits and drill rods with corresponding radial sizes are needed, the machining efficiency is low, and the drill rods with small apertures are easy to block.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a deep hole of rotatable joint drill bit bores for the length-diameter ratio is greater than 15 and the wall thickness is less than 5 mm's deep hole processing of taking the step, includes the drilling rod, and the drill bit assembly end of drilling rod is equipped with the switching structure that is used for guiding the drill bit to assemble to the drilling rod along the axial and adapts to the switching assembly of the drill bit of different radial dimension, and the drill bit passes through the switching structure assembly on the drilling rod and along the coaxial rotation of drilling rod.
Furthermore, the switching structure comprises a switching rod for axially assembling the small-diameter drill bit, a guide rod for axially assembling the switching rod and axially guiding the switching rod in the deep hole, and an assembling hole which is arranged at the drill bit assembling end of the drill rod and is used for axially assembling the large-diameter drill bit or the guide rod in an inserting manner.
Furthermore, at least one of the drill bit and the adapter rod, the adapter rod and the guide rod, the guide rod and the assembly hole and the drill bit and the assembly hole is connected in a mode of at least one of a bolt, a slot, an insertion block or a wedge block; at least one of multi-point contact transmission, line contact transmission or surface contact transmission is adopted between the drill bit and the adapter rod, between the adapter rod and the guide rod, between the guide rod and the assembly hole and between the drill bit and the assembly hole; or at least one of the drill bit and the adapter rod, the adapter rod and the guide rod, the guide rod and the assembly hole and the drill bit and the assembly hole is connected by a thread and a limiting piece; the thread grain direction is consistent with the transmission direction, so that the drill bit and the drill rod are ensured to be coaxially transmitted, and the adapter rod and the guide rod are prevented from falling off.
Furthermore, the adapter rod is made of high-strength steel or high-temperature alloy steel; the length of the adapter rod is 200 mm-400 mm; the adapter rod is suitable for processing step blind holes with the length-diameter ratio smaller than 25.
Further, at least one of the cross section of the drill rod, the cross section of the drill bit or the cross section of the adapter rod is in an eccentric arc shape; the tail end of the drill rod is provided with a damping sleeve for reducing vibration generated in the drill bit machining process; and reinforcing convex ribs which are distributed along the axial direction and/or the circumferential direction of the adapter rod and are used for reinforcing the strength of the adapter rod are arranged on the outer wall surface and/or the inner wall surface of the adapter rod.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for processing a rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill is also provided, which comprises the following steps: connecting the large-diameter drill bit with a drill rod, machining an assembly hole in the drill bit assembly end of the drill rod, and fixedly connecting the large-diameter drill bit with the assembly hole; processing a large hole in the step hole to a specified length of the large hole, and withdrawing the large-diameter drill bit; disassembling the large-diameter drill bit from the drill rod; connecting the small-diameter drill bit with the guide rod, and processing a first guide hole of the guide rod; connecting the small-diameter drill bit with the first free end of the adapter rod, processing a second guide hole of the adapter rod, connecting the first guide hole with the second free end of the adapter rod, and processing a socket part of the adapter rod; the small-diameter drill bit and the guide rod are connected into a whole through the adapter rod and then fixedly connected with the assembly hole, and a small hole in the step hole is machined; and (5) processing the hole to the specified length, and withdrawing the small-diameter drill bit to complete the step hole processing.
Further, the absolute depth of the small hole in the step hole processed by the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is 400-600 mm; the absolute depth of a large hole in a deep hole drill processing step hole of the rotary drill bit is 300-500 mm.
Furthermore, the radial dimension of the adapter rod is 5 mm-20 mm, and the wall thickness of the adapter rod is 2 mm-3 mm; the radial dimension of the large-diameter drill bit is 20-50 mm; the radial dimension of the small-diameter drill bit is 5 mm-20 mm.
Further, the surface roughness of the machining hole of the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is less than 3.2; the straightness of the machining hole of the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is less than 0.08 mm.
According to another aspect of the invention, the application of the rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill in aerospace manufacturing is also provided.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the deep hole drill of the rotary drill bit is used for processing deep holes with steps, the length-diameter ratio of which is more than 15 and the wall thickness of which is less than 5 mm. The switching structure that the drill bit assembly end of drilling rod was equipped with can the different radial dimension drill bits of switching assembly, need not to change the drilling rod, and the drilling rod that whole journey used and big footpath drill bit supporting, the probability that greatly reduced drilling rod blockked up just need not to do the preparation work of changing the drilling rod repeatedly, and machining efficiency is high. Traditionally, the drill bit is matched and sleeved on a drill rod, the requirement that the drill bit is 2mm larger than the radial size of the drill rod is required to be met, the design of the switching structure of the deep hole of the switching drill bit can assemble a small-diameter drill bit on a large-diameter drill rod through the switching structure, the cost of the drill bit and the drill rod is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved. Adopt demountable assembly between drilling rod, switching structure and the drill bit, its simple structure, convenient to carry blocks up the probability low, is applicable to the difficult chip breaking material of processing.
According to the processing method of the deep hole drill capable of switching the drill bits, the switching structure arranged at the drill bit assembling end of the drill rod can be used for switching and assembling the drill bits with different radial sizes, and in the step hole, the large hole can be processed first, and then the small hole is processed, so that the stroke of the deep hole drill can be reduced, the drill rod does not need to be replaced, the quality and efficiency improvement are obvious, the traditional process method for processing the slender shaft part with the step hole is broken through, and the processing method is also suitable for processing the blind hole with the step. Moreover, the large hole in the stepped hole is processed firstly, and the large hole can play a guiding role for processing the small-diameter drill bit of the small hole, so that the formation of a small step on the surface of the inner hole of a processed part is avoided, the wall thickness difference is effectively ensured, the processing quality is improved, and unnecessary error operation is reduced. The rotary drill bit has the advantages of quick deep hole assembly, simple processing process and capability of using local materials on a construction site. The machining efficiency is high, the drill rod does not need to be replaced, and the blocking probability is reduced. The surface quality of the processed hole of the deep hole drill of the rotary drill bit meets the process requirements of surface roughness of 3.2 and straightness of 0.08 mm.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic deep hole drill of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an adapter rod of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide rod of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a gun-drill of a rotary drill bit with a large diameter bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a deep hole drill with a small diameter bit of a rotary drill bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a drill stem; 2. a switching structure; 21. a transfer lever; 22. a guide rod; 23. an assembly hole; 211. a second guide hole; 212. a socket part; 221. a first guide hole; 3. a large diameter drill bit; 4. a small diameter drill bit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic deep hole drill of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an adapter rod of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide rod of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a gun-drill of a rotary drill bit with a large diameter bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic view of a deep hole drill with a small diameter bit of a rotary drill bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the deep hole drill of the rotary drill bit of the present embodiment is used for deep hole processing with steps, the length-diameter ratio of which is greater than 15 and the wall thickness of which is less than 5mm, and comprises a drill rod 1, wherein a drill bit assembling end of the drill rod 1 is provided with a rotary connection structure 2 for guiding the drill bit to be assembled on the drill rod 1 along the axial direction and adapted to the rotary connection of drill bits with different radial dimensions, and the drill bit is assembled on the drill rod 1 through the rotary connection structure 2 and rotates coaxially with the drill rod 1. The deep hole drill of the rotary drill bit is used for processing deep holes with steps, the length-diameter ratio of which is more than 15 and the wall thickness of which is less than 5 mm. The switching structure 2 that the drill bit assembly end of drilling rod 1 was equipped with can the different radial dimension drill bits of switching assembly, need not to change drilling rod 1, and whole use and the supporting drilling rod 1 of big footpath drill bit 3, the probability that greatly reduced drilling rod 1 blockked up just need not to do the preparation work of changing drilling rod 1 repeatedly, and machining efficiency is high. Traditionally, the drill bit is matched and sleeved on the drill rod 1, the requirement that the drill bit is 2mm larger than the radial size of the drill rod 1 needs to be met, the design of the switching structure 2 capable of switching the deep hole of the drill bit can assemble the small-diameter drill bit 4 on the large-diameter drill rod 1 through the switching structure 2, the cost of the drill bit and the drill rod 1 is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved. Adopt demountable assembly between drilling rod 1, switching structure 2 and the drill bit, its simple structure, convenient to carry blocks up the probability low, is applicable to the difficult chip breaking material of processing.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the adapter structure 2 includes an adapter rod 21 for axially assembling the small-diameter drill 4, a guide rod 22 for axially assembling the adapter rod 21 and axially guiding the drill in the deep hole, and an assembling hole 23 at the drill assembling end of the drill rod 1 for axially assembling the large-diameter drill 3 or the guide rod 22. Above-mentioned switching structure 2 includes adapter rod 21, guide rod 22 and pilot hole 23, connects gradually the aperture in the processing step hole with path drill bit 4, adapter rod 21, guide rod 22 and drilling rod 1, and the effectual length that reduces drill bit and drilling rod 1 of adapter rod 21 saves the use material of drill bit and drilling rod 1, effectual reduce cost to greatly reduced drilling rod 1 blocks up the probability, need not repeatedly to change drilling rod 1, and machining efficiency is high. The structure and the mechanical property of the drill rod 1 are stable, the firmness of the joint surface of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit can be kept, and the impact load bearing capacity is high.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, at least one of the connection positions between the drill bit and the adapter rod 21, between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22, between the guide rod 22 and the assembly hole 23, and between the drill bit and the assembly hole 23 is connected by at least one of a pin, a slot, an insertion block or a wedge. The acting force is transmitted by connecting in a bolt, slot, plug block or wedge block mode. Optionally, at least one of the multi-point contact transmission, the line contact transmission or the surface contact transmission is adopted at least one of the positions between the drill bit and the adapter rod 21, between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22, between the guide rod 22 and the assembly hole 23 and between the drill bit and the assembly hole 23. The multi-point transmission, the line transmission or the surface transmission can increase the transmission effect, increase the contact area between each part, ensure uniform stress and improve the stability of the parts. Optionally, a telescopic connection for adjusting the drilling depth is used between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22. The relative length of the adapter rod 21 can be adjusted between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22 to adapt to different processing requirements,
at least one of the positions between the drill and the adapter rod 21, between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22, between the guide rod 22 and the assembly hole 23, and between the drill and the assembly hole 23 is connected by a screw thread and a limiting piece. The thread grain direction is consistent with the transmission direction, so that the coaxial transmission of the drill bit and the drill rod 1 is ensured, and the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22 are prevented from falling off. The transmission mode adopts thread transmission, and the relative length of the adapter rod 21 is adjusted by adopting a mode of a limiting block, so that the stability of the thread transmission is improved. Optionally, the limiting part is at least one of a limiting block, a limiting strip or a limiting rod.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the adapter rod 21 is made of high-strength steel or high-temperature alloy steel. The use of the adapter rod 21 effectively realizes that the drill bit is assembled on the drill rod 1 through the adapter structure 2 and rotates coaxially with the drill rod 1. The torque force of the drill rod 1 is transmitted to the drill bit to do work, and the drill bit and the drill rod 1 are saved. The adapter rod 21 is made of high-strength steel or high-temperature alloy steel, is a common raw material in a construction site, can be adopted on the spot, and is convenient to temporarily process and use. And, the processing cost can be greatly saved. Optionally, the length of the adapter rod 21 is 200mm to 400 mm. The suitable length of the changeover lever 21 is selected, the changeover lever 21 is a thin-walled lever, and the suitable length range is 200-400 mm according to the maximum transmission torque and the maximum bearing capacity which can be borne by the changeover lever 21. Optionally, the adapter rod 21 is suitable for processing a step blind hole with the length-diameter ratio smaller than 25. The adapter rod 21 has wide application range and is suitable for processing thin-wall long-shaft parts with large length-diameter ratio, small wall thickness and poor rigidity.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, at least one of the cross section of the drill rod 1, the cross section of the drill bit or the cross section of the adapter rod 21 takes the shape of an eccentric arc. At least one of the cross section of the drill rod 1, the cross section of the drill bit or the cross section of the adapter rod 21 is in an eccentric arc shape, so that the requirement of deep hole machining is met, materials are saved, and the machining and implementation are facilitated. The tail end of the drill rod 1 is provided with a damping sleeve for reducing vibration generated in the machining process of the drill bit. The shock absorption sleeve has the shock absorption effect, and the stability of the rotary drill bit deep hole drill in the machining process can be improved. Reinforcing convex ribs which are distributed along the axial direction and/or the circumferential direction of the adapter rod 21 and are used for reinforcing the strength of the adapter rod 21 are arranged on the outer wall surface and/or the inner wall surface of the adapter rod 21. Above-mentioned switching pole 21 structural span is great, the load that the switching pole 21 wall can bear is limited, be equipped with on the switching pole 21 wall along the enhancement protruding muscle that sets up along switching pole 21 axial and/or circumference, under the condition that does not increase switching pole 21 wall thickness, increase switching pole 21's intensity and rigidity, overcome the problem of the uneven deformation that causes of stress that switching pole 21 brought because of the wall thickness difference, and save material alleviates switching pole 21 quality, and therefore, the cost is reduced, the hardness is increased and life.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a method for machining a rotary drill bit deep hole drill, comprising the steps of: connecting the large-diameter drill bit 3 with the drill rod 1, machining an assembly hole 23 on the drill bit assembly end of the drill rod 1, and fixedly connecting the large-diameter drill bit 3 with the assembly hole 23; processing a large hole in the step hole to a specified length of the large hole, and withdrawing the large-diameter drill bit 3; the large-diameter drill bit 3 is detached from the drill rod 1; connecting the small-diameter drill 4 to the guide rod 22, machining a first guide hole 221 of the guide rod 22, connecting the small-diameter drill 4 to the first free end of the adapter rod 21, machining a second guide hole 211 of the adapter rod 21, connecting the first guide hole 221 to the second free end of the adapter rod 21, and machining a socket 212 of the adapter rod 21; the small-diameter drill bit 4 and the guide rod 22 are connected into a whole through the adapter rod 21 and then fixedly connected with the assembly hole 23, a small hole in the step hole is machined, the small hole is machined to the designated length, the small-diameter drill bit 4 is withdrawn, and step hole machining is completed. According to the processing method of the deep hole drill capable of switching the drill bits, the switching structure 2 arranged at the drill bit assembling end of the drill rod 1 can be used for switching and assembling drill bits with different radial sizes, large holes and small holes can be processed firstly in step holes, the stroke of the deep hole drill can be reduced, the drill rod 1 does not need to be replaced, the quality improvement and the efficiency increase are obvious, the traditional technological method for processing slender shaft parts with step holes is broken through, and the processing method is also suitable for processing blind holes with steps. Moreover, the large hole in the stepped hole is processed firstly, and the large hole can play a guiding role for processing the small-diameter drill bit 4 with a small hole, so that the formation of a small step on the surface of the inner hole of a processed part is avoided, the wall thickness difference is effectively ensured, the processing quality is improved, and unnecessary error operation is reduced. The rotary drill bit has the advantages of quick deep hole assembly, simple processing process and capability of using local materials on a construction site. The machining efficiency is high, the drill rod 1 does not need to be replaced, and the blocking probability is reduced. The surface quality of the deep hole drilling machining hole of the rotary drill bit meets the process requirements of surface roughness of 3.2 and straightness of 0.08 mm.
The above-described large-diameter drill bit 3 and small-diameter drill bit 4 are relative concepts, and show that the adapter structure 2 is equipped with drill bits of different radial sizes, and are not explicitly expressed.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the absolute depth of the small hole in the stepped hole machined by the rotary drill deep hole drill is 400mm to 600 mm. The absolute depth of a large hole in a deep hole drill processing step hole of the rotary drill bit is 300-500 mm. The rotary drill bit deep hole drill has longer processing depth and wider application range, and the telescopic connection for adjusting the drilling depth is adopted between the adapter rod 21 and the guide rod 22. The whole length of the rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill is adjusted according to the requirement of the thin-wall long shaft part to be machined with steps.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the radial dimension of the adapter rod 21 is 5mm to 20mm, and the wall thickness of the adapter rod 21 is 2mm to 3 mm. The adapter rod 21 is a thin-wall part, the radial dimension of the adapter rod is 5-20 mm and can be the same as that of a drill bit, and the uniform stress of the transmitted torque is facilitated. The radial dimension of the large-diameter drill 3 is 20 mm-50 mm. The radial dimension of the small-diameter drill 4 is 5 mm-20 mm.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the surface roughness of the machining hole of the deep hole drill of the rotary drill is less than 3.2. The straightness of the machining hole of the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is less than 0.08 mm. The rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill adopts the same drill rod 1, drill bits with different radial sizes are connected through the rotary joint structure 2, the same drill rod 1 does not need to be repeatedly replaced, and in a step hole to be machined, a large hole can be machined first, then a small hole is machined, so that the stroke of the deep hole drill can be reduced, the wall thickness difference is reduced, the surface roughness is reduced, and the machining precision of thin-wall long-shaft parts to be machined is ensured.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a use of a rotary drill bit gun drill in aerospace manufacturing. The increase of the types of turboprop and turboshaft series engines and the improvement of performance requirements are used as the design structural characteristics of a core transmission part, namely a power long shaft, and the design structural characteristics are changed to the directions of multi-step holes, multi-diameter ranges and large length-diameter ratios. The rotary drill bit deep hole drill is suitable for machining thin-wall long shaft parts, the wall thickness difference of the long shaft parts is effectively controlled through the rotary structure 2, and the stability of the power long shaft in a high-speed rotation working state is improved.
1. Selecting a drill bit, and determining the radial dimension of the large-diameter drill bit 3 and the radial dimension of the small-diameter drill bit 4 according to the dimension of a step hole to be machined in the power long shaft, wherein the radial dimension of the large-diameter drill bit 3 is 25.8mm, and the radial dimension of the small-diameter drill bit 4 is 15.2 mm.
2. The processing speed is 0.14 mm/rotation of the feeding speed of the large-diameter drill 3 and 0.12 mm/rotation of the feeding speed of the small-diameter drill 4, so that the chips are discharged smoothly, and the blockage of the drill rod 1 is avoided.
3. And (4) positioning, namely marking the central position of the step hole to be processed of the power long shaft, and ensuring the precision of the drilling position. When the central point is marked, the drill bit is ensured to vertically process the stepped hole of the power long shaft, the smooth discharge of chips and slag is ensured, and the wall thickness difference of the power long shaft is reduced.
4. Processing a stepped hole, connecting a large-diameter drill bit 3 with a drill rod 1, processing the absolute length of a large hole by a rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, wherein the absolute length of the large hole is 406mm, processing an assembly hole 23 on the drill bit assembly end of the drill rod 1, connecting the large-diameter drill bit 3 with the assembly hole 23 through threads, adjusting a proper rotating speed, processing the large hole in the stepped hole, when the large-diameter drill bit 3 contacts a material, slowly feeding, drilling the material for 1-2 mm, feeding at a normal speed, processing the material to a specified length of the large hole, and withdrawing the large-diameter drill bit 3;
the large-diameter drill bit 3 is detached from the drill rod 1;
the small-diameter drill 4 is connected with the guide rod 22, the guide rod 22 is made of high-strength steel, the length of the guide rod is 300mm, the radial dimension of the guide rod is 12.94mm, the wall thickness of the guide rod is 2.32mm, and a first guide hole 221 of the guide rod 22 is machined. Connecting the small-diameter drill 4 with the first free end of the adapter rod 21 through threads, machining a second guide hole 211 of the adapter rod 21, connecting the first guide hole 221 with the second free end of the adapter rod 21 through threads, machining a socket part 212 of the adapter rod 21, adding a limiting block to the socket part 212, and adjusting the required length;
connect into an organic whole with path drill bit 4 and guide rod 22 through adapter rod 21, again with pilot hole 23 threaded connection, the absolute length of the processing aperture of the drill bit deep hole that can change over is 440mm, the aperture in the processing step hole, when path drill bit 4 contact material, slowly feed earlier, bore into 1 ~ 2mm after, at normal speed feed, process to the appointed length of aperture, withdraw from path drill bit 4, accomplish the step spot facing work.
5. And (5) stopping rotating after drilling is finished, and clearing the scraps on the drill bit.
The rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill is short in machining time and high in machining efficiency, the surface roughness of a machined hole is 3.2, and the straightness of the machined hole is 0.08 mm.
Preferred embodiment two
1. The drill bit is selected, and the radial size of the large-diameter drill bit 3 and the radial size of the small-diameter drill bit 4 are determined according to the size of a step hole to be machined in the power long shaft, wherein the radial size of the large-diameter drill bit 3 is 40mm, and the radial size of the small-diameter drill bit 4 is 18 mm.
2. The processing speed is 0.15 mm/rotation of the feeding speed of the large-diameter drill 3 and 0.12 mm/rotation of the feeding speed of the small-diameter drill 4, so that the chips are discharged smoothly, and the blockage of the drill rod 1 is avoided.
3. And (4) positioning, namely marking the central position of the step hole to be processed of the power long shaft, and ensuring the precision of the drilling position. When the central point is marked, the drill bit is ensured to vertically process the stepped hole of the power long shaft, the smooth discharge of chips and slag is ensured, and the wall thickness difference of the power long shaft is reduced.
4. Processing a stepped hole, connecting a large-diameter drill bit 3 with a drill rod 1, processing an absolute length of a large hole by a rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, wherein the absolute length of the large hole is 430mm, processing an assembly hole 23 on a drill bit assembly end of the drill rod 1, connecting the large-diameter drill bit 3 with the assembly hole 23 through threads, adjusting a proper rotating speed, processing a large hole in the stepped hole, when the large-diameter drill bit 3 contacts a material, slowly feeding, drilling the material for 1-2 mm, feeding at a normal speed, processing the material to a specified length of the large hole, and withdrawing the large-diameter drill bit 3;
the large-diameter drill bit 3 is detached from the drill rod 1;
the small-diameter drill 4 is connected with the guide rod 22, the guide rod 22 is made of high-temperature alloy steel, the length is 350mm, the radial dimension is 18mm, the wall thickness is 2.8mm, and the first guide hole 221 of the guide rod 22 is machined. Connecting the small-diameter drill 4 with the first free end of the adapter rod 21 through threads, machining a second guide hole 211 of the adapter rod 21, connecting the first guide hole 221 with the second free end of the adapter rod 21 through threads, machining a socket part 212 of the adapter rod 21, adding a limiting block to the socket part 212, and adjusting the required length;
connect into an organic whole with path drill bit 4 and guide rod 22 through adapter rod 21, again with pilot hole 23 threaded connection, the absolute length of the processing aperture of the drill bit deep hole that can change over is 500mm, the aperture in the processing step hole, when path drill bit 4 contact material, slowly feed earlier, bore into 1 ~ 2mm after, at normal speed feed, process to the appointed length of aperture, withdraw from path drill bit 4, accomplish the step spot facing work.
5. And (5) stopping rotating after drilling is finished, and clearing the scraps on the drill bit.
The rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill is short in machining time and high in machining efficiency, the surface roughness of a machined hole is 3.1, and the straightness of the machined hole is 0.07 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A deep hole drill capable of switching drill bits is used for processing deep holes with steps, the length-diameter ratio of which is more than 15 and the wall thickness of which is less than 5mm, and comprises a drill rod (1) and is characterized in that,
the drill bit assembly end of the drill rod (1) is provided with a switching structure (2) which is used for guiding the drill bit to be assembled on the drill rod (1) along the axial direction and is suitable for switching assembly of drill bits with different radial sizes,
the drill bit is assembled on the drill rod (1) through the switching structure (2) and rotates coaxially with the drill rod (1)
The adapter structure (2) comprises an adapter rod (21) for assembling the small-diameter drill bit (4) along the axial direction, a guide rod (22) for assembling the adapter rod (21) along the axial direction and conducting axial guiding in the deep hole, and an assembling hole (23) which is arranged at the drill bit assembling end of the drill rod (1) and used for assembling the large-diameter drill bit (3) or the guide rod (22) in an inserting mode along the axial direction;
the length of the adapter rod (21) is 200 mm-400 mm.
2. The rotary drill bit gun drill according to claim 1,
at least one of the positions between the drill bit and the adapter rod (21), between the adapter rod (21) and the guide rod (22), between the guide rod (22) and the assembly hole (23) and between the drill bit and the assembly hole (23) is connected by at least one of a bolt, a slot, an insertion block or a wedge block; or
At least one of multi-point contact transmission, line contact transmission or surface contact transmission is adopted at least at one position of the positions between the drill bit and the adapter rod (21), between the adapter rod (21) and the guide rod (22), between the guide rod (22) and the assembly hole (23) and between the drill bit and the assembly hole (23); or
The drill bit with between adapter rod (21), adapter rod (21) with between guide rod (22), guide rod (22) with between pilot hole (23), the drill bit with in at least one department between pilot hole (23) adopts screw thread and locating part to connect, and screw thread line direction is unanimous with the transmission direction, in order to guarantee the drill bit with drilling rod (1) coaxial drive prevents adapter rod (21) with guide rod (22) drop.
3. The rotary drill bit gun drill according to claim 1,
the adapter rod (21) is made of high-strength steel or high-temperature alloy steel;
the adapter rod (21) is suitable for processing a step blind hole with the length-diameter ratio smaller than 25.
4. The rotary drill bit gun drill according to claim 1,
at least one of the cross section of the drill rod (1), the cross section of the drill bit or the cross section of the adapter rod (21) is in the shape of an eccentric arc;
the tail end of the drill rod (1) is provided with a damping sleeve for reducing vibration generated in the drill bit machining process;
and reinforcing convex ribs which are distributed along the axial direction and/or the circumferential direction of the adapter rod (21) and are used for reinforcing the strength of the adapter rod (21) are arranged on the outer wall surface and/or the inner wall surface of the adapter rod (21).
5. A machining method of a rotary drill bit deep hole drill is characterized by comprising the following steps:
connecting a large-diameter drill bit (3) with a drill rod (1), machining an assembly hole (23) at the drill bit assembly end of the drill rod (1), and fixedly connecting the large-diameter drill bit (3) with the assembly hole (23);
processing a large hole in the step hole to a specified length of the large hole, and withdrawing the large-diameter drill bit (3);
detaching the large-diameter drill bit (3) from the drill rod (1);
connecting the small-diameter drill (4) with a guide rod (22) and processing a first guide hole (221) of the guide rod (22); connecting the small-diameter drill (4) with a first free end of an adapter rod (21), machining a second guide hole (211) of the adapter rod (21), connecting the first guide hole (221) with a second free end of the adapter rod (21), and machining a socket part (212) of the adapter rod (21);
will through adapter lever (21) path drill bit (4) with guide rod (22) link into an integrated entity, again with pilot hole (23) fixed connection, the aperture in the processing step hole processes to the aperture appointed length, withdraws from path drill bit (4), accomplishes the step hole processing.
6. The method for machining a rotary drill bit deep hole drill according to claim 5,
the absolute depth of the small hole in the step hole processed by the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is 400-600 mm;
the absolute depth of a large hole in the step hole processed by the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is 300-500 mm.
7. The method for machining a rotary drill bit deep hole drill according to claim 5,
the radial dimension of the adapter rod (21) is 5 mm-20 mm, and the wall thickness of the adapter rod (21) is 2 mm-3 mm;
the radial dimension of the large-diameter drill bit (3) is 20-50 mm;
the radial dimension of the small-diameter drill bit (4) is 5-20 mm.
8. The method for machining a rotary drill bit deep hole drill according to claim 5,
the surface roughness of the deep hole drilling processing hole of the rotary joint drill bit is less than 3.2;
the straightness of the machining hole of the rotary drill bit deep hole drill is less than 0.08 mm.
9. Use of a depth drill of a rotary drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in aerospace manufacturing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810923678.5A CN108994351B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, machining method and application |
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| CN201810923678.5A CN108994351B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Rotary joint drill bit deep hole drill, machining method and application |
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| CN108994351B true CN108994351B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| CN110159201B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2024-02-27 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Drilling tool suitable for manual hole guiding of soft soil foundation |
| CN111168324B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-07-09 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Drilling method for AF1410 steel part after quenching |
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| CN2393674Y (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2000-08-30 | 罗礼红 | Structure of stabilizing and replacing multi-axial drill bits |
| CN2638891Y (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2004-09-08 | 张万里 | Multi-joint expansion drill |
| CN103619515A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-03-05 | 依诺维克私人有限公司 | Chuck tool and bits arrangement |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070264094A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Seeley Scott C | Unibit with replacement blade |
| US20160059322A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Seth Breslaw | Second stage drill bit |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2393674Y (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2000-08-30 | 罗礼红 | Structure of stabilizing and replacing multi-axial drill bits |
| CN2638891Y (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2004-09-08 | 张万里 | Multi-joint expansion drill |
| CN103619515A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2014-03-05 | 依诺维克私人有限公司 | Chuck tool and bits arrangement |
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| CN108994351A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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