CN108994051A - The treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell - Google Patents

The treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108994051A
CN108994051A CN201810811837.2A CN201810811837A CN108994051A CN 108994051 A CN108994051 A CN 108994051A CN 201810811837 A CN201810811837 A CN 201810811837A CN 108994051 A CN108994051 A CN 108994051A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
waste
red mud
aluminium cell
iron ore
liner
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CN201810811837.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜玉敬
赵青
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Jiangsu Zhongshang Carbon Research Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Zhongshang Carbon Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810811837.2A priority Critical patent/CN108994051A/en
Publication of CN108994051A publication Critical patent/CN108994051A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind for the treatment of process of waste material in aluminium cell, and the treatment process includes the following steps: S1, extracts waste liner in aluminium cell and red mud and/or iron ore;S2, the waste liner is uniformly mixed after break process with the red mud and/or iron ore;S3, by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, in fluoride, oxide, cyanide and the red mud and/or iron ore in the waste liner containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker.Waste material in aluminium cell can be carried out substantially effectively regeneration by the present invention, realize the integrated treatment of the harmful red mud generated in the aluminium cell waste liner and aluminum oxide production process of Aluminium Industry generation, have the advantages that simple process, change evil as precious, the saving energy, achieves preferable economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Description

The treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of process of waste material in environmental technology field more particularly to aluminium cell.
Background technique
Aluminium cell can generate largely useless cathode lining material in overhaul and when removing, above-mentioned useless cathode inner lining due to For a long time at high temperature, the infiltration etc. with high temperature dielectric and cathode deposition during aluminum electrolysis chemically reacts, Generate, adsorb and penetrate into a large amount of harmful substance.
Specifically, the yield of world's electrolytic aluminium is about 60,000,000 tons/year, Chinese electrolytic aluminium yield is about 33,500,000 Ton/year, and Chinese Aluminium yield accounts for about the 56% of world's electrolytic aluminium total output.The service life of world's aluminium cell generally exists 4-8, the world more has the aluminium cell of 20% electrolytic aluminium production capacity to need overhaul every year on average, and there are about 25% every year for China The electrolytic aluminium of electrolytic aluminium production capacity needs overhaul.The case where according to current service life of aluminum electrolysis cell, one ton of electrolytic aluminium of every production about discharge Useless cathode lining material 30kg~50kg, calculates accordingly, the world every year there are about the generation of 2,200,000 tons~3,000,000 tons of waste tank lining, Chinese annual at least 1,350,000 tons of waste tank lining generates.
For above-mentioned a large amount of harmful substance, since the ingredient of internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath is complex, about its innoxious place The mechanism of reason is still in conceptual phase.Currently, mainly taking the mode of antiseepage landfill disposal, pyrogenic process can also be used or wet process carries out After harmless treatment, carries out landfill or part manufacture cement etc. and use, but the above method has higher cost, and nothing Method fundamentally solves the processing of harmful substance.Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to propose further solution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide in a kind of aluminium cell waste material treatment process, with overcome it is existing in the prior art not Foot.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that
A kind for the treatment of process of waste material in aluminium cell comprising following steps:
S1, the waste liner in extraction aluminium cell and red mud and/or iron ore;
S2, the waste liner is uniformly mixed after break process with the red mud and/or iron ore;
S3, by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, fluoride, oxide, cyanide in the waste liner and In the red mud and/or iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, in the step S2, by the waste liner It is crushed to the material that granularity is 500 μm~25cm.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, in the step S2, by the waste liner It is uniformly mixed with the red mud, as Fe in the red mud2O3Weight percent be 25%~80% when, the waste liner The weight ratio that middle charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud is 1:3~1:30.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, in the step S2, by the waste liner It is uniformly mixed with the iron ore, as Fe in the iron ore2O3Weight percent when being 45% or more, it is described it is useless in The weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud in lining is 1:5~1:20.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, in the step S2, by the waste liner It is uniformly mixed with the red mud and iron ore, as Fe in the red mud and iron ore2O3Weight percent be 35%~ When 80%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud and iron ore in the waste liner is 1:4~1:25.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, the weight percent of the fluxing agent is 1%~15%.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, in the step S3, in reacting furnace into Row reaction obtains iron and harmless clinker, and the reacting furnace is one of blast furnace, shaft furnace, rotary kiln, continuous tunnel furnace, reduction furnace.
As the improvement of the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention, the treatment process further include:
S4, separation iron and harmless clinker, using harmless clinker as the raw material of refractory material, brickmaking or cement.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can fill the waste material in aluminium cell Point effectively regeneration is realized and is generated in the aluminium cell waste liner and aluminum oxide production process of Aluminium Industry generation The integrated treatment of harmful red mud has the advantages that simple process, changes evil as precious, the saving energy, achieves preferable economic effect Benefit and environmental benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The some embodiments recorded in invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of one specific embodiment for the treatment of process of waste material in aluminium cell of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind for the treatment of process of waste material in aluminium cell comprising following steps:
S1, the waste liner in extraction aluminium cell and red mud and/or iron ore;
S2, the waste liner is uniformly mixed after break process with the red mud and/or iron ore;
S3, by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, fluoride, oxide, cyanide in the waste liner and In the red mud and/or iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker.
S4, separation iron and harmless clinker, using harmless clinker as the raw material of refractory material, brickmaking or cement.
To, based on treatment process of the invention, the present invention by account for about in waste liner in aluminium cell 37% carbonaceous material The mixing of the red mud or iron ore or high Fe content red mud and iron ore of the high Fe content generated in material and aluminum oxide production process Object etc. is mixed in a certain ratio, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of harmful substance.Carbon through studying, in mechanism and waste liner of the invention Substance and fluoride, oxide, cyanide are related, by making between each substance and with red mud and/or the comprehensive of iron ore With harmless treatment is realized, need further to be verified.
Meanwhile the alkaloid substance etc. in fluoride, oxide and the red mud in aluminium cell waste liner is used as and helps by the present invention Flux, realize harmful substance make full use of with the innocuously transformation under high temperature, form the solution of harmless melting salt oxidation object.This Outside, it also by the total energy approach of the harmful substances such as cyanide, carbon, aluminium nitride, aluminium carbide in aluminium cell waste liner and fills Divided combustion carries out the harmless scientific disposal of harmful conversion.
In addition, treatment process of the invention also achieves preferable economic benefit.Specifically, with one 1,000,000 tons/year For electrolytic aluminium factory, at least producible economic benefit are as follows:
(1) about 40,000 tons of cast alumin(i)um electrolytic cell waste liner are produced per year, is 40,000,000 yuan to solid waste pollution charge according to country, Landfill disposal cost is 88,000,000 yuan, two total 1.28 hundred million yuan of need.Using treatment process of the invention, then 1.28 can be saved in year Hundred million yuan.
(2) using the present invention, 4,000,000 tons of the red mud moon can be handled year, 4.0 hundred million yuan of charges for disposing pollutants are saved, save red mud processing year About 2.0 hundred million yuan of maintenance cost.Using treatment process of the invention, then 6.0 hundred million yuan can be saved year.
(3) because handling high Fe content red mud and iron ore etc., 200,000 tons of the pig iron moon is can be recycled in year, with 1200 yuan of the pig iron per ton It calculates, year creates 2.4 hundred million yuan of economic benefit.
It is illustrated below with reference to treatment process of the specifically embodiment to waste material in aluminium cell of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Extract the waste liner and red mud in aluminium cell.After the waste liner to be crushed to the material that granularity is 500 μm, It is uniformly mixed with the red mud.In the fluoride, oxidation by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, in the waste liner In object, cyanide and the red mud containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain in blast furnace iron with Harmless clinker.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of refractory material.Wherein, Fe in the red mud2O3's When weight percent is 25%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud in the waste liner is 1:3.The weight of the fluxing agent Percentage is 1%.
Embodiment 2
Extract the waste liner and red mud in aluminium cell.After the waste liner to be crushed to the material that granularity is 25cm, It is uniformly mixed with the red mud.In the fluoride, oxidation by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, in the waste liner In object, cyanide and the red mud containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain in shaft furnace iron with Harmless clinker.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of brickmaking.Wherein, Fe in the red mud2O3Weight When percentage is 80%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud in the waste liner is 1:30.The weight hundred of the fluxing agent Divide than being 15%.
Embodiment 3
Extract the waste liner and iron ore in aluminium cell.The waste liner is crushed to the material that granularity is 500 μm Afterwards, it is uniformly mixed with the iron ore.By the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, fluoride in the waste liner, In oxide, cyanide and the iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted in rotary kiln Obtain iron and harmless clinker.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of cement.Wherein, in the iron ore Fe2O3Weight percent when being 45%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with iron ore in the waste liner is 1:5.It is described fluxing The weight percent of agent is 1%.
Embodiment 4
Extract the waste liner and iron ore in aluminium cell.The waste liner is crushed to the material that granularity is 25cm Afterwards, it is uniformly mixed with the iron ore.By the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, fluoride in the waste liner, In oxide, cyanide and the iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted in continuous tunnel furnace Obtain iron and harmless clinker.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of refractory material.Wherein, the iron ore Fe in sand2O3Weight percent when being 85%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with iron ore in the waste liner is 1:20.Institute The weight percent for stating fluxing agent is 15%.
Embodiment 5
Waste liner and red mud and iron ore in extraction aluminium cell.It is 500 μm that the waste liner, which is crushed to granularity, Material after, uniformly mixed with the red mud and iron ore.By the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, the waste liner In fluoride, oxide, in cyanide and the red mud and iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, It is reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker in blast furnace.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of brickmaking.Its In, Fe in the red mud and iron ore2O3Weight percent when being 35%, charcoal cathode and red mud and iron ore in the waste liner The weight ratio of sand mixing is 1:4.The weight percent of the fluxing agent is 1%.
Embodiment 6
Waste liner and red mud and iron ore in extraction aluminium cell.It is 25cm's that the waste liner, which is crushed to granularity, After material, uniformly mixed with the red mud and iron ore.By the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, in the waste liner Fluoride, oxide, in cyanide and the red mud and iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, and also It is reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker in former furnace.Iron and harmless clinker are separated, using harmless clinker as the raw material of cement.Its In, Fe in the red mud and iron ore2O3Weight percent when being 80%, charcoal cathode and red mud and iron ore in the waste liner The weight ratio of sand mixing is 1:25.The weight percent of the fluxing agent is 15%.
In conclusion the waste material in aluminium cell can be carried out substantially effectively regeneration by the present invention, electricity is realized The integrated treatment of the harmful red mud generated in the aluminium cell waste liner and aluminum oxide production process that solution aluminum i ndustry generates, has Simple process changes the advantages of evil is treasured, the saving energy, achieves preferable economic benefit and environmental benefit.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (8)

1. the treatment process of waste material in a kind of aluminium cell, which is characterized in that the treatment process includes the following steps:
S1, the waste liner in extraction aluminium cell and red mud and/or iron ore;
S2, the waste liner is uniformly mixed after break process with the red mud and/or iron ore;
S3, by the carbonizable substance in the waste liner, fluoride, oxide, cyanide in the waste liner and described In red mud and/or iron ore containing alkaloid substance as fluxing agent under conditions of, reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker.
2. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step S2 The waste liner is crushed to the material that granularity is 500 μm~25cm.
3. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step S2 The waste liner is uniformly mixed with the red mud, as Fe in the red mud2O3Weight percent be 25%~80% when, The weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud in the waste liner is 1:3~1:30.
4. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step S2 The waste liner is uniformly mixed with the iron ore, as Fe in the iron ore2O3Weight percent be 45% or more When, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud in the waste liner is 1:5~1:20.
5. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step S2 The waste liner is uniformly mixed with the red mud and iron ore, as Fe in the red mud and iron ore2O3Weight percent When being 35%~80%, the weight ratio that charcoal cathode is mixed with red mud and iron ore in the waste liner is 1:4~1:25.
6. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight of the fluxing agent Percentage is 1%~15%.
7. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3, It is reacted to obtain iron and harmless clinker in reacting furnace, the reacting furnace is blast furnace, in shaft furnace, rotary kiln, continuous tunnel furnace, reduction furnace One kind.
8. the treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the treatment process is also wrapped It includes:
S4, separation iron and harmless clinker, using harmless clinker as the raw material of refractory material, brickmaking or cement.
CN201810811837.2A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 The treatment process of waste material in aluminium cell Pending CN108994051A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109047274A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-21 江苏中商碳素研究院有限公司 A kind of method for innocent treatment of the useless carbon slag of aluminium electroloysis
CN113231436A (en) * 2021-04-13 2021-08-10 北京科技大学 High-temperature recycling treatment method for aluminum electrolysis waste cell lining

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CN101275182A (en) * 2008-04-30 2008-10-01 武汉科技大学 Comprehensive utilization method for red mud
CN102502641A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-06-20 东北大学 Method for synthesis of silicon carbide through microwave heating red mud and aluminium electrolysis waste cathode carbon block
KR101704691B1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-02-09 성일하이텍(주) Anode casing system for electro-refining using pretreatment process and anode casting method using thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1120822A (en) * 1993-04-06 1996-04-17 奥斯麦特有限公司 Smelting of carbon-containing material
CN101275182A (en) * 2008-04-30 2008-10-01 武汉科技大学 Comprehensive utilization method for red mud
CN102502641A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-06-20 东北大学 Method for synthesis of silicon carbide through microwave heating red mud and aluminium electrolysis waste cathode carbon block
KR101704691B1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-02-09 성일하이텍(주) Anode casing system for electro-refining using pretreatment process and anode casting method using thereof

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Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109047274A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-21 江苏中商碳素研究院有限公司 A kind of method for innocent treatment of the useless carbon slag of aluminium electroloysis
CN113231436A (en) * 2021-04-13 2021-08-10 北京科技大学 High-temperature recycling treatment method for aluminum electrolysis waste cell lining
CN113231436B (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-04-22 北京科技大学 High-temperature recycling treatment method for aluminum electrolysis waste cell lining

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