CN108993341B

CN108993341B - Micro-reactor

Info

Publication number: CN108993341B
Application number: CN201810964357.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾建洪
Original assignee: Shangyu Research Institute of ZJUT
Current assignee: Shangyu Research Institute of ZJUT
Priority date: 2018-08-23
Filing date: 2018-08-23
Publication date: 2020-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-23
Also published as: CN108993341A

Abstract

The invention discloses a microreactor, which comprises a shell and a reaction device arranged in the shell; the reaction device comprises a plurality of spiral accelerating structures for fluid to pass through, an impact structure matched with the spiral accelerating structures and a mixed flow structure matched with the impact structure; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the spiral accelerating structure, the impact structure and the mixed flow structure, the fluid can form a spiral vortex, so that the fluid can be better mixed, and the reaction rate of the fluid is further improved.

Description

Micro-reactor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of reaction equipment, and particularly relates to a microreactor.

Background

Microreactors, which are microreactors fabricated by means of, for example, precision machining techniques, typically have characteristic dimensions of between 10 and 3000 μm. As understood by a person skilled in the art, the "micro" of a microreactor does not mean in particular that the microreactor means has a small physical size and that the production of the microreactor means is small, but that the reaction channels of the process fluid (reaction medium) are in the order of micrometers (up to the order of millimeters), i.e. the reaction channels are micro-reaction channels. Millions of such micro-reaction channels can be contained in a microreactor, and thus a high yield can be achieved.

However, most of the existing microreactors only adopt a mode of arranging a plurality of continuous reaction chambers to improve the mixing degree of fluids, and the mode has low mixing degree of the fluids, so that uneven mixing and insufficient reaction are easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a micro-reactor with uniform fluid mixing and sufficient reaction in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a micro-reactor comprises a shell and a reaction device arranged in the shell; the reaction device comprises a plurality of spiral accelerating structures for fluid to pass through, an impact structure matched with the spiral accelerating structures and a mixed flow structure matched with the impact structure; the flow velocity of the fluid is increased through the arrangement of the spiral acceleration structure, and then the accelerated fluid is dispersed under the action of the impact structure through the arrangement of the impact structure to form turbulent flow, so that the fluid is mixed more uniformly, and the reaction rate is accelerated; and through the arrangement of the flow mixing structure, the dispersed fluids are converged and mixed again, so that the mixing degree of the fluids is further promoted, and the reaction rate is also accelerated.

Further, the spiral accelerating structure comprises a liquid inlet channel for fluid to pass through, a spraying channel communicated with the liquid inlet channel, and spiral grooves formed in the inner wall of the liquid inlet channel and the inner wall of the spraying channel; the liquid inlet channel is connected with the jet channel, so that the fluid can be jetted out by the jet channel, the effect of increasing the flow velocity of the fluid is achieved, and the fluid can be better mixed; by the arrangement of the spiral groove, the fluid forms a spiral vortex under the action of the spiral groove, so that the fluid can be mixed more uniformly while the flow speed of the fluid is increased; and the fluid is spirally sprayed out of the spraying channel under the action of the spiral groove, so that the fluid is more easily scattered by the impact structure, and the mixing degree of the fluid is further promoted.

Further, the diameter of the liquid inlet channel is larger than that of the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet channel; the spraying channel is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid inlet channel; the liquid inlet is larger, so that the effect of facilitating the inflow of the fluid is achieved; and because the liquid outlet is smaller, the whole liquid inlet channel is in a shape with the diameter from large to small, the purpose of accelerating the fluid under the action of pressure is achieved, and the fluid is mixed more uniformly.

Further, the spiral groove is spirally arranged downwards in a counterclockwise direction; because under the effect of gravity, the rivers of northern hemisphere can form the vortex of anticlockwise when getting into the sewer, so set up the helicla flute to anticlockwise to make behind the fluid entering helicla flute, under the dual function of helicla flute and gravity, the formation vortex that can be better, thereby when making the more even of fluid mixture, played the effect of accelerating the fluid velocity of flow.

Furthermore, the impact structure comprises an impact part arranged between two adjacent liquid inlet channels, and the impact part comprises a flow dispersing plane corresponding to the injection channel and a pressure-resistant arc surface matched with the flow dispersing plane; through the arrangement of the diffusing plane, the fluid spirally sprayed from the spraying channel is scattered by the diffusing plane after impacting on the diffusing plane, so that the fluid is divided into a plurality of branches, and the mixing of the fluid is facilitated; the arrangement of the compression-resistant cambered surface plays a role in enhancing the structural strength of the impact-resistant part, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Further, the flow mixing structure comprises a flow mixing cavity arranged between two adjacent spiral accelerating structures, a left flow guide part arranged on the anti-impact part and a right flow guide part matched with the left flow guide part; through controlling the setting of water conservancy diversion portion, formed one and had open-ended reaction chamber to make tributary collide each other in the reaction chamber, when playing the effect that makes the fluid mix more even, the setting in muddy flow chamber, then make from controlling the tributary that water conservancy diversion portion flowed out again can collide at mixed flow intracavity again, and mix together, further promoted fluidic mixture, make the reaction more abundant.

Further, the left flow guide part comprises a left inner arc surface connected with the flow dispersing plane, a left outer arc surface corresponding to the left inner arc surface and a left top arc surface used for connecting the left inner arc surface and the left outer arc surface; through the arrangement of the left inner cambered surface, the branch can enter the mixed flow cavity along the left inner cambered surface, so that the fluid can be conveniently mixed; the left top cambered surface is arranged to play a role in enabling the fluid to flow to the left outer cambered surface; the left outer cambered surface is arranged to play a role in guiding the fluid into the next-stage liquid inlet channel.

Further, the left inner arc surface comprises a first arc section connected with the diffusing plane and a second arc section connected with the first arc section; through the arrangement of the first arc-shaped section, the branch flows can be guided to the second arc-shaped section while being mutually collided and mixed, so that the flow of the branch flows is promoted; through the setting of second segmental arc for the tributary can strike on the lateral wall in mixed flow chamber along the second segmental arc, when playing the effect of further breaing up the tributary, the tributary of controlling two directions is when being breaed up, further collides each other, plays better mixed effect.

Furthermore, the mixed flow cavity comprises mixed flow side surfaces arranged in an arc shape and a bottom surface formed by the compression-resistant arc surface; through the arrangement of the arc-shaped mixed flow side face, when the branch flows are scattered, part of the branch flows can collide on the bottom face along the mixed flow side face, and the fluid reaction is promoted.

Furthermore, a left mixed flow port is formed between the left top cambered surface and the mixed flow side surface; through the setting of left side muddy flow mouth for the tributary can be sprayed away, has played the effect that further increases the fluid velocity of flow, and then has guaranteed better mixture and the reaction of fluid ability.

In conclusion, the spiral accelerating structure, the impact structure and the mixed flow structure are arranged, so that the fluid can form a spiral vortex, the fluid can be better mixed, and the reaction rate of the fluid is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a point a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a microreactor comprises a housing 1 and a reaction device, wherein the reaction device comprises a spiral accelerating structure, an impact structure and a mixed flow structure; the spiral accelerating structure comprises a liquid inlet channel 21, a spraying channel 22 and a spiral groove 23; a plurality of spiral accelerating structures are uniformly arranged in the shell, the left and right adjacent spiral accelerating structures are connected through an impact structure, eight rows of spiral accelerating structures are arranged from top to bottom, and the spiral accelerating structures in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the outlet of the jet channel of the spiral accelerating structure in the previous row is aligned to the impact structure in the next row, the fluid jetted from the jet channel can be scattered, the mixing degree of the fluid is increased, and the internal space utilization rate and the surface area are increased; the liquid inlet channel is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the diameter of the liquid inlet is larger than that of the liquid outlet, so that the flow velocity of the fluid can be increased under the action of pressure while the fluid conveniently enters the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet is communicated with the injection channel, the fluid can be sprayed out from the injection channel, and the inner walls of the liquid inlet channel and the injection channel are provided with spiral grooves, so that the fluid can form a vortex under the action of the spiral grooves, and the effect of increasing the flow velocity is achieved while the mixing degree of the fluid is increased; and because the fluid of northern hemisphere can rotate anticlockwise under the effect of geocentric gravity, the fluid of southern hemisphere can rotate clockwise under the effect of geocentric gravity, so can be according to the difference in area, offer the helicla flute for clockwise or anticlockwise to the rotation that the fluid can be better.

Specifically, the impingement structure includes an impingement portion 24 that cooperates with the injection channel, the impingement portion including a diffuser plane 241 and a compression-resistant camber 242; the fluid spirally sprayed from the spraying channel is sprayed on a dispersion plane, so that the fluid is dispersed into a plurality of branch flows for subsequent mixing; the compression-resistant cambered surface plays a role in reinforcing the structural strength, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Specifically, the flow mixing structure comprises a flow mixing cavity 25, a left flow guide part 26 and a right flow guide part 27; the left and right flow guide parts are arranged to play a role of guiding the branch flow into the mixing cavity, and simultaneously, a reaction cavity with an opening is formed, so that the branch flows collide with each other in the reaction cavity, the mixing of the fluid is promoted, and the reaction rate of the fluid is accelerated; the arrangement of the flow mixing cavity plays a role in remixing the branch flows; wherein the left flow guiding portion 26 comprises a left inner arc surface 261, a left outer arc surface 262 and a left top arc surface 263; the right flow guiding part 27 comprises a right inner arc surface 271, a right outer arc surface 272 and a right top arc surface 273; wherein the left intrados 261 includes a first arc segment 2611 and a second arc segment 2612; right intrados 271 includes third arcuate segment 2713 and fourth arcuate segment 2714; the mixed flow cavity 25 is composed of two adjacent spiral accelerating structures and impact structures, the outer walls of the liquid inlet channel and the jet channel form a mixed flow side surface 251 of the mixed flow cavity, and the bottom surface of the mixed flow cavity is composed of a pressure-resistant arc surface 242; after the fluid forms a plurality of branches under the action of the impact structure, the branches flow upwards along the first arc-shaped section and the third arc-shaped section on the left inner arc surface and the right inner arc surface, so that the effect of primarily changing the flow direction of the branches is achieved, meanwhile, the mutual collision of branch supports is promoted, and the reaction of the fluid is accelerated; a left mixed flow port 29 and a right mixed flow port 28 are respectively formed between the left top cambered surface and the right top cambered surface and the mixed flow side; the aperture of the flow mixing port is smaller, so that the branch flow is accelerated again when passing through the flow mixing port under the action of the second arc-shaped section and the fourth arc-shaped section; when the branch flow impacts the mixed flow side surface, the fluid is further scattered, so that the fluid is further collided and mixed in the mixing cavity; then enters the liquid inlet pipeline of the next stage along the left and right outer cambered surfaces to carry out repeated mixing reaction.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microreactor comprises a housing (1) and a reaction device arranged in the housing (1); the method is characterized in that: the reaction device comprises a plurality of spiral accelerating structures for fluid to pass through, an impact structure matched with the spiral accelerating structures and a mixed flow structure matched with the impact structure; the two spiral accelerating structures which are adjacent to each other on the left and right are connected through an impact structure, the spiral accelerating structures in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered mode, and the outlets of the spraying channels of the spiral accelerating structures in the previous row are aligned with the impact structures in the next row;

the spiral accelerating structure comprises a liquid inlet channel (21) for allowing fluid to pass through, a spraying channel (22) communicated with the liquid inlet channel (21), and spiral grooves (23) arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet channel (21) and the inner wall of the spraying channel (22);

the diameter of a liquid inlet of the liquid inlet channel (21) is larger than that of a liquid outlet of the liquid inlet channel (21); the injection channel (22) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid inlet channel (21).

2. The microreactor of claim 1, wherein: the spiral groove (23) is spirally arranged downwards in a counterclockwise direction.

3. The microreactor of claim 1, wherein: the impact structure comprises an impact part (24) arranged between two adjacent liquid inlet channels, wherein the impact part (24) comprises a flow scattering plane (241) corresponding to the injection channel (22) and a compression-resistant arc surface (242) matched with the flow scattering plane (241).

4. The microreactor of claim 3, wherein: the mixed flow structure comprises a mixed flow cavity (25) arranged between two adjacent spiral accelerating structures, a left flow guide part (26) arranged on the anti-impact part (24) and a right flow guide part (27) matched with the left flow guide part (26).

5. The microreactor of claim 4, wherein: the left flow guiding part (26) comprises a left inner arc surface (261) connected with the flow dispersing plane (241), a left outer arc surface (262) corresponding to the left inner arc surface (261) and a left top arc surface (263) used for connecting the left inner arc surface (261) and the left outer arc surface (262).

6. The microreactor of claim 5, wherein: the left intrados surface (261) comprises a first arc-shaped section (2611) connected with the diffusing plane (241) and a second arc-shaped section (2612) connected with the first arc-shaped section (2611).

7. The microreactor of claim 6, wherein: the mixed flow cavity (25) comprises mixed flow side surfaces (251) arranged in an arc shape and a bottom surface formed by the pressure-resistant arc surfaces (242).

8. The microreactor of claim 7, wherein: a left mixed flow port (29) is formed between the left top cambered surface (263) and the mixed flow side surface (251).