CN108987867B - Ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108987867B CN108987867B CN201810874256.3A CN201810874256A CN108987867B CN 108987867 B CN108987867 B CN 108987867B CN 201810874256 A CN201810874256 A CN 201810874256A CN 108987867 B CN108987867 B CN 108987867B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/085—Coaxial-line/strip-line transitions
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure, belongs to the field of microwaves, and particularly relates to the field of mobile communication. The transition structure is applied to the transmission of electromagnetic waves from a coaxial line to an equivalent strip line, and consists of a semi-open metal cavity, a top metal layer, a medium base layer, a bottom metal layer and a metalized through hole, wherein the top metal layer, the medium base layer, the bottom metal layer and the metalized through hole are positioned in the semi-open metal cavity. The dielectric base layer is located between the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer. The invention has simple design structure and easy processing, the working bandwidth meets the mobile communication frequency band, the excellent circuit matching between the coaxial line and the equivalent stripline circuit can be realized, and the return loss and the circuit loss of the microwave component based on the equivalent stripline are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure, belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to the field of mobile communication.
Background
The conventional stripline transmission line is composed of upper and lower ground plates and a thin conductor strip. In practical engineering application, especially in a base station antenna feeder network, the upper and lower ground plates are realized by a metal shell and a metal cover plate which are manufactured by a die casting process, and the thin conductor strip is manufactured by a metal strip. In order to ensure that the electromagnetic waves are transmitted according to the stripline transmission theory, the metal strip needs to be positioned in the middle of a cavity formed by the metal shell and the cover plate by adding an additional auxiliary plastic part. In recent years, new stripline element device solutions have been used in base station antenna feeder networks, in which the inner conductor circuit of the printed circuit board replaces the original metal strip and the cavity made by profile molding replaces the metal die-cast cavity. Because the frequency of mobile communication is high, the skin effect of electromagnetic wave is obvious, and the current is concentrated on the surface of conductor, so that the electromagnetic wave transmission property of the equivalent stripline circuit formed from printed circuit board and section bar cavity is similar to that of traditional stripline circuit, and the component made up by using equivalent stripline circuit can refer to traditional stripline circuit design method.
In recent years, equivalent striplines have been used in patents CN 104051821A, CN 104681896 a and CN 10606757 a to design some microwave devices, but in these microwave devices, the transition structure between the coaxial line and the device has defects, and the amplitudes and phases of the surface currents of the upper and lower conductors are not consistent enough, which results in insufficient bandwidth of the frequency band for the transition structure to operate efficiently, and the standing wave is higher than 1.2 within the frequency of 2.19-2.69GHz, which is not favorable for the coaxial line and the device based on the equivalent stripline to achieve good circuit matching, and increase the circuit loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plane transition structure of a coaxial line-equivalent microstrip line circuit aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, and the coaxial line can be well matched with the equivalent microstrip line circuit in the mobile communication frequency band.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure comprises a top metal layer, a medium base layer, a bottom metal layer, a metalized through hole and a semi-open metal cavity; the top metal layer, the medium base layer, the bottom metal layer and the metalized through holes are positioned in the semi-open type metal cavity; the medium base layer is positioned between the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer; the metalized through hole is used for connecting the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer to realize current conduction.
Further, the transition structure includes rows of metalized vias.
Furthermore, the transition structure comprises two rows of metalized through holes, and the two rows of metalized through holes are positioned on two sides of the transition structure and are distributed at the edge close to the metal layer.
Furthermore, in each row of the metalized through holes, the diameter d of each metalized through hole and the distance s between every two adjacent metalized through holes meet the condition that s is less than or equal to 2 x d; the number n of the metallized through holes and the length L of the metal layer satisfy n × s less than or equal to L.
Further, the edge of the top metal layer is covered with green oil, and the metalized through hole is arranged in the range of the green oil.
Furthermore, the transition structure is located in the metal cavity, and the vertical distance between the top metal layer and the upper inner wall of the metal cavity is the same as the vertical distance between the bottom metal layer and the lower inner wall of the metal cavity.
Furthermore, a round hole for inserting the coaxial line is formed in the side wall of the semi-open type metal cavity, and the aperture of the round hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the coaxial line dielectric layer; welding the coaxial outer conductor with the metal cavity; the top side of the metal cavity is provided with a rectangular hole; the coaxial line inner conductor is welded with the top metal layer of the transition structure.
Furthermore, the width of the rectangular hole needs to be larger than that of the top metal layer, the length of the rectangular hole is slightly larger than that of the top metal layer, and one side of the rectangular hole is flush with the medium base layer in the vertical direction.
Further, the coaxial line inner conductor is connected with the top metal layer by adopting a 50 ohm coaxial line in a welding mode.
Further, the equivalent stripline circuit is connected with the coaxial line through a transition structure; the equivalent stripline circuit comprises a metal cavity, an upper dielectric layer, a top metal layer, a dielectric base layer, a bottom metal layer, a lower dielectric layer and a metalized through hole; the upper dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are respectively positioned between the inner wall of the metal cavity and the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer; the top metal layer, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through holes and the metal cavity of the equivalent strip line are all positioned on the same layer as the top metal layer, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through holes and the metal cavity of the transition structure, and the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics are similar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple design structure and easy processing, the working bandwidth meets the mobile communication frequency band, the coaxial line and the equivalent stripline circuit realize good matching, and the return loss and the circuit loss of the microwave component based on the equivalent stripline are effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure in a cavity of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall top perspective view of the coaxial-equivalent stripline planar transition of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of the coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the planar transition structure and a part of the equivalent stripline circuit in the cavity of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a standing wave comparison of the planar transition structure of the present invention and a conventional transition structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a plane transition structure of an ultra-wideband coaxial line and an equivalent stripline of the present invention is disclosed, wherein the transition structure a is located in a semi-open metal cavity, and comprises a top metal layer 1, a dielectric base layer 2, a bottom metal layer 3, metalized through holes 4 at two sides, and a semi-open metal cavity 5; the top metal layer 1, the medium base layer 2, the bottom metal layer 3 and the metalized through hole 4 are positioned in a semi-open metal cavity 5; the dielectric base layer 2 is positioned between the top metal layer 1 and the bottom metal layer 3; two rows of metalized through holes 4 are arranged and are respectively positioned on two sides of the transition structure, and each metalized through hole is connected with the top metal layer 1 and the bottom metal layer 3 to realize current conduction. The vertical distances between the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer of the transition structure and the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the metal cavity are the same.
Fig. 2 and 3 show the overall schematic view of the planar transition structure of the coaxial line-equivalent stripline circuit of the present invention in practical application. A round hole for inserting a 50-ohm coaxial line B is formed in the side wall of the semi-open type metal cavity, and the aperture of the round hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the coaxial line dielectric layer; welding the outer conductor of the 50 ohm coaxial line with the metal cavity; the inner conductor is welded with the top metal layer of the transition structure; the edge of the top metal layer is covered with green oil, and the metalized through hole is in the range of the green oil so as to prevent solder from flowing to the bottom metal layer through the metalized through hole. The top side of the metal cavity is provided with a rectangular hole 8, so that the coaxial line inner conductor is conveniently welded with the top layer metal; the width of the rectangular hole is required to be larger than that of the top metal layer, the length of the rectangular hole is slightly larger than that of the top metal layer, and one side of the rectangular hole is flush with the medium base layer in the vertical direction. The equivalent stripline circuit C comprises a metal cavity 5, an upper dielectric layer 6, a top metal layer 1, a dielectric base layer 2, a bottom metal layer 3, a lower dielectric layer 7 and a metalized through hole 4; as shown in FIG. 4, the top metal layer, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through hole of the equivalent strip line, the top metal layer of the metal cavity and the transition structure, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through hole and the metal cavity are all located on the same layer, and the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics are similar.
In fig. 2, the transition structure is rectangular, L is the length of the rectangular transition structure, W is the width of the rectangular transition structure, d is the diameter of the metalized via holes, s is the distance between adjacent metalized via holes, and m is the distance between two rows of metalized via holes. In order to show the performance of the present invention, the most basic equivalent stripline circuit as shown in fig. 3 is selected as the equivalent stripline circuit to avoid the inaccurate performance of the present invention caused by the poor matching of the equivalent stripline circuit, wherein the impedance of the coaxial line and the equivalent stripline circuit is 50 ohms. A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the transition structure of the present invention before the equivalent stripline circuit is shown in fig. 4.
In the transition structure of fig. 2, after the metalized through hole is used, the electromagnetic wave is firstly transmitted from the top metal layer to the bottom metal layer, so that the electric field strengths of the two electromagnetic waves are relatively symmetrical, the intrinsic impedance of the transition structure is relatively stable, and the poor performance of the transition structure caused by the difference of the upper and lower electric field strengths in the literature is avoided. In order to ensure the excellent performance of the transition structure, parameters in the transition structure are optimized, wherein:
1. the width W of the metal layer in the transition structure determines the impedance value of the transition structure, and the length L of the metal layer has no influence on the impedance value basically;
2. in each row of the metalized through holes, when the diameter d of each metalized through hole and the distance s between adjacent metalized through holes meet s is less than or equal to 2 x d, the number n of the metalized through holes and the length L of the metal layer meet n x s is less than or equal to L, the impedance value of the transition structure is relatively stable, and the transition structure cannot be influenced due to different lengths L of the metal layer;
3. the smaller the distance m between the two rows of metallized through holes is, the better the distance m is, but the influence on the impedance value is small, so in practical application, the two rows of metallized through holes can be arranged near the edge of the metal layer and covered with green oil at the position, and the phenomenon that excessive tin flows to the bottom metal layer and causes a circuit short circuit in the welding process is avoided.
After parameter optimization, the transition structure of the invention in fig. 5 has better performance, and the standing waves of the circuit shown in fig. 3 are all less than 1.16 in the frequency band of 0.7-2.7 GHz. The superior performance of the optimized transition structure is also shown in fig. 5, and the maximum standing wave is 1.41 in the frequency band of 0.7-2.7 GHz. By contrast, the transition structure can effectively realize the circuit matching between the coaxial line and the equivalent stripline circuit, and the frequency band of high-efficiency work can well meet the mobile communication requirement at the present stage.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention as claimed are all described in the technical claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an ultra wide band coaxial line-equivalent stripline plane transition structure which characterized in that: the metal cavity comprises a top metal layer, a medium base layer, a bottom metal layer, a metalized through hole and a semi-open metal cavity; the top metal layer, the medium base layer, the bottom metal layer and the metalized through holes are positioned in the semi-open type metal cavity; the medium base layer is positioned between the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer; the metallized through hole is used for connecting the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer to realize current conduction; the transition structure comprises two rows of metalized through holes, wherein the two rows of metalized through holes are positioned at two sides of the transition structure and are distributed at the edge close to the metal layer; in each row of the metalized through holes, the diameter d of each metalized through hole and the distance s between every two adjacent metalized through holes meet the condition that s is less than or equal to 2 x d; the number n of the metallized through holes and the length L of the metal layer satisfy n × s less than or equal to L; the side wall of the semi-open type metal cavity is provided with a round hole for inserting the coaxial line, and the aperture of the round hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the coaxial line dielectric layer; welding the coaxial outer conductor with the metal cavity; the top side of the metal cavity is provided with a rectangular hole; the coaxial line inner conductor is welded with the top metal layer of the transition structure; the equivalent stripline circuit is connected with the coaxial line through a transition structure; the equivalent stripline circuit comprises a metal cavity, an upper dielectric layer, a top metal layer, a dielectric base layer, a bottom metal layer, a lower dielectric layer and a metalized through hole; the upper dielectric layer and the lower dielectric layer are respectively positioned between the inner wall of the metal cavity and the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer; the top metal layer, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through holes and the metal cavity of the equivalent strip line are all positioned on the same layer as the top metal layer, the dielectric base layer, the bottom metal layer, the metalized through holes and the metal cavity of the transition structure, and the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics are similar.
2. The ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure of claim 1, wherein: the edge of the top metal layer is covered with green oil, and the metalized through hole is arranged in the range of the green oil.
3. The ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure of claim 1, wherein: the transition structure is positioned in the metal cavity, and the vertical distance between the top metal layer and the upper inner wall of the metal cavity is the same as the vertical distance between the bottom metal layer and the lower inner wall of the metal cavity.
4. The ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure of claim 1, wherein: the width of the rectangular hole is required to be larger than that of the top metal layer, the length of the rectangular hole is slightly larger than that of the top metal layer, and one side of the rectangular hole is flush with the medium base layer in the vertical direction.
5. The ultra-wideband coaxial line-equivalent stripline planar transition structure of claim 1, wherein: and connecting the inner conductor of the coaxial line with the top metal layer by adopting a 50 ohm coaxial line in a welding mode.
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| CN107275735A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of new coaxial microband converter |
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| JP6601666B2 (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2019-11-06 | 日立金属株式会社 | Antenna device |
| EP3249741B1 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2020-02-26 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Device for the connection between a strip line and a coaxial cable |
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Effective date of registration: 20191111 Address after: 226463 Zhongtian Industrial Zone, Hekou Town, Rudong County, Jiangsu, Nantong Applicant after: ZHONGTIAN BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Zhongtian Communication Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 226463 Zhongtian Industrial Zone, Hekou Town, Rudong County, Jiangsu, Nantong Applicant before: ZHONGTIAN BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: An ultra wideband coaxial equivalent stripline planar transition structure Effective date of registration: 20221010 Granted publication date: 20210309 Pledgee: Rudong sub branch of Bank of China Ltd. Pledgor: ZHONGTIAN BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980017823 |