CN108984117B - Data reading and writing method, medium and equipment - Google Patents
Data reading and writing method, medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108984117B CN108984117B CN201810621477.XA CN201810621477A CN108984117B CN 108984117 B CN108984117 B CN 108984117B CN 201810621477 A CN201810621477 A CN 201810621477A CN 108984117 B CN108984117 B CN 108984117B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
- G06F3/0611—Improving I/O performance in relation to response time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
- G06F3/0644—Management of space entities, e.g. partitions, extents, pools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0646—Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems
- G06F3/065—Replication mechanisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0673—Single storage device
- G06F3/0679—Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]
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Abstract
The invention provides a data reading and writing method, a medium and equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a write request of new data; according to the write request, an IO scheduler is adopted, and the new data is written into a secondary storage device based on a preset tertiary storage system; the secondary storage device is a nonvolatile memory; acquiring a read request of the new data; and according to the reading request, directly reading the new data from the secondary storage equipment by utilizing an operating system. By writing the data to be rewritten into the nonvolatile memory, the data writing speed can be increased compared with the writing into the external memory; when the data is read, the data is directly read from the nonvolatile memory, so that the data reading speed can be increased, the data reading and writing speed is further improved, and the data reading and writing performance is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a data reading and writing method, medium and equipment.
Background
In the prior art, data write operation usually follows a write-through strategy, and the data write operation directly writes into permanent storage to ensure the persistence of the data. Typical application scenarios such as online shopping where user submitted checkout information needs to be saved quickly to a transaction database, such transactions may result in less than 1KB of write operations, with a typical database page size of 8 KB. As another example, update modifications to metadata by a database also involve write operations of only a small amount of data and require immediate storage on a persistent device. The processing of data write requests spans multiple levels, including from bottom to top: a block device manager, an IO scheduler, a file system, and a database management system. During writing operation, each layer generates writing problems, and multiple direct writing causes the problems of equipment performance reduction, metadata increase and the like. When data is read, the data is copied from the permanent storage to the memory and then read from the memory, and the reading speed is slow. Therefore, in the prior art, the data reading and writing speed is slow, and the performance is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a data reading and writing method, medium and equipment, which can improve the data reading and writing speed and optimize the data reading and writing performance.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a data reading and writing method, including:
acquiring a write request of new data;
according to the write request, an IO scheduler is adopted, and the new data is written into a secondary storage device based on a preset tertiary storage system; the secondary storage device is a nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a read request of the new data;
and according to the reading request, directly reading the new data from the secondary storage equipment by utilizing an operating system.
Optionally, the three-level storage system includes: the system comprises a primary storage device, a secondary storage device and a tertiary storage device;
the primary storage device is an external storage; the third-level storage device is a memory.
Optionally, after the step of obtaining a write request for new data, the method further includes:
evaluating the performance of new data needing to be written in the write request to obtain an evaluation result;
judging whether the evaluation result reaches a preset threshold value or not;
and if so, executing the step of writing the new data into the secondary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request.
Optionally, the method further includes: if the evaluation result does not reach the preset threshold value;
writing new data into the primary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request;
the reading the new data from the secondary storage device directly by using the operating system according to the read request comprises:
copying the new data from the primary storage device to the tertiary storage device by using an operating system according to the read request;
reading the new data from the tertiary storage device.
Optionally, the evaluating performance of new data to be written in the write request to obtain an evaluation result includes:
and evaluating the use value of new data needing to be written in the write request, and the external storage fragment amount and the read-write performance of the new data after being written in the secondary storage equipment to obtain an evaluation result.
Optionally, the evaluating the use value of the new data to be written in the write request includes:
and evaluating the use value of the new data according to the read-write frequency of the new data needing to be written in the write request.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for reading and writing data in the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a data reading and writing apparatus, including: the data reading and writing method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the data reading and writing method in the first aspect when executing the program.
The invention provides a data read-write method, which can accelerate the speed of data write-in compared with the write-in external memory by writing the data to be rewritten into a nonvolatile memory; when the data is read, the data is directly read from the nonvolatile memory, so that the data reading speed can be increased, the data reading and writing speed is further improved, and the data reading and writing performance is optimized.
The invention provides a computer readable storage medium and a data reading and writing device, which have the same beneficial effects from the same inventive concept as the data reading and writing method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a data read/write method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
The invention provides a data reading and writing method, a medium and equipment. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The first embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a data reading and writing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the data reading and writing method according to the embodiment includes:
step S101: a write request for new data is obtained.
Step S102: according to the write request, an IO scheduler is adopted, and the new data is written into a secondary storage device based on a preset tertiary storage system; the secondary storage device is a non-volatile memory.
Step S103: and acquiring the read request of the new data.
Step S104: and according to the reading request, directly reading the new data from the secondary storage equipment by utilizing an operating system.
The invention provides a three-level storage system, comprising: the system comprises a primary storage device, a secondary storage device and a tertiary storage device; the primary storage device is an external storage; the secondary storage device is a nonvolatile memory; the third-level storage device is a memory. The nonvolatile memory can ensure the persistence of the stored data, and the data in the nonvolatile memory cannot disappear after power failure or shutdown. In addition, the operating system can also directly access the nonvolatile memory to call data from the nonvolatile memory, so that the nonvolatile memory has the functions of both the internal memory and the external memory. The primary storage device may be a magnetic disk.
In the present invention, the nonvolatile memory may be inserted in the memory slot.
In the present invention, a write request refers to a write request to rewrite data.
The invention is suitable for the distributed computing process and the single computer computing process.
In the prior art, when data is rewritten, corresponding data needs to be found in a disk first, and then the data is rewritten; when reading data, it is also necessary to find corresponding data in the disk, copy the data to the memory, and read the data from the memory. The invention can accelerate the data writing speed compared with the writing of the external memory by writing the data to be rewritten into the nonvolatile memory; when the data is read, the data is directly read from the nonvolatile memory, so that the data reading speed can be increased, the data reading and writing speed is further improved, and the data reading and writing performance is optimized.
In the data read-write technology, each address in the external memory corresponds to one piece of data, when data is written into the secondary storage device according to a write request, the corresponding address needs to be mapped into the secondary storage device, the address in the secondary storage device is the same as the address in the external memory, and new data after the corresponding data is rewritten is written into the secondary storage device. Therefore, for a user, the user can intuitively think that the new data is written into the external memory, and actually, the new data is written into the secondary storage device.
In a specific embodiment provided by the present invention, after the step of obtaining the write request for new data, the method further includes: evaluating the performance of new data needing to be written in the write request to obtain an evaluation result; judging whether the evaluation result reaches a preset threshold value or not; and if so, executing the step of writing the new data into the secondary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request.
After obtaining a write request of new data, the position where the new data is written needs to be judged, and if the new data is written into an external memory, the data reading performance is poor; if the data is written into the memory, the data can be used conveniently next time, but the data can be deleted after power failure and cannot be stored persistently; if the data is written into the nonvolatile memory, the data is convenient to use next time, the durability of the data can be ensured, but the number of fragments of an external storage disk is increased, and the reading of a large amount of continuous data is not facilitated. Therefore, when data is written according to a write request, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the new data written and determine the writing position of the new data according to the evaluation result.
When evaluating the performance of new data to be written in a write request, a cost evaluation function may be used to evaluate the performance of the new data.
When the performance of the new data is evaluated, the use value of the new data can be evaluated, the external storage fragment amount and the read-write performance after the new data is written into the secondary storage device are evaluated, the loss and the benefit caused after the new data is written into the secondary storage device are evaluated, and the writing position of the new data is determined after the loss and the benefit are balanced.
And after the performance of the new data is evaluated, the loss and the benefit are balanced, an evaluation result can be obtained based on a cost evaluation function, and if the evaluation result reaches a preset threshold value, the new data is written into the secondary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset tertiary storage system according to the write request.
And if the evaluation result does not reach the preset threshold value, writing the new data into the primary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request.
When reading the new data, if the new data is stored in the secondary storage device, directly reading the new data from the secondary storage device; and if the new data is stored in the primary storage device, copying the new data from the primary storage device to the memory, and reading the new data from the memory.
In the invention, if the read operation is obtained while the write operation is obtained, and the read operation is the read operation for reading the new data, the new data can be written into the memory, and the performance of the new data needs to be evaluated while the new data is written into the memory, so that the new data is written into the primary storage device or the secondary storage device, and the data persistence is ensured. When reading the new data, if the new data is stored in the memory, the new data can be directly read from the memory.
By evaluating the performance of the new data, the data reading and writing performance can be improved as much as possible, and the data reading and writing process is optimized.
In a specific embodiment provided by the present invention, evaluating the use value of new data to be written in the write request includes: and evaluating the use value of the new data according to the read-write frequency of the new data needing to be written in the write request.
In evaluating the use value, the evaluation can be performed according to the reading and writing frequency of the new data. And if the number of times of rewriting or reading the new data is higher, writing the new data into the secondary storage equipment so as to improve the data reading and writing performance.
However, accordingly, a disk fragment may be caused, which causes a loss in the data reading process.
In the present invention, when determining whether the new data can be written into the secondary storage device, an lur (least recent used) algorithm may be further employed to determine whether the new data can be written into the secondary storage device.
In the present invention, when evaluating the performance of the new data, one or more of the use value of the new data, the amount of external memory fragments, the overall read-write performance, and the like may be considered, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the invention, when the new data is written into the three-level storage system according to the write request, the new data can be further divided into a plurality of parts, and each part can be respectively stored into different storage devices.
After the write request is obtained, evaluating the performance of new data in the write request, wherein the new data can comprise a plurality of data, the evaluation result of each data is different, the processing method of different evaluation results is different, and the data of different parts are respectively stored in the three-level storage system according to the evaluation results.
Whether new data needs to be written into the memory or not needs to be evaluated whether the use value of the data is large or not, if the new data is frequently accessed and frequently rewritten in a short time, the data can be written into the memory, and the memory cannot be persisted, so that the new data written into the memory also needs to be written into a nonvolatile memory or an external memory, and the data persistence is guaranteed.
In the present invention, the size relationship of the storage space of the primary storage device, the secondary storage device and the tertiary storage device is as follows: the primary storage device is larger than the secondary storage device, and the secondary storage device is larger than the tertiary storage device.
When the secondary storage device has no storage space, judging which of the new data and the historical data in the secondary storage device is more valuable to store in the secondary storage device, and if the performance evaluation result of the new data is worse than that of the historical data, writing the new data into the primary storage device; and if the performance evaluation result of the new data is better than that of the historical data, selecting certain data in the secondary storage equipment to fall to the primary storage equipment, and writing the new data into the secondary storage equipment.
When a certain data in the secondary storage device falls to the primary storage device, the performance of each data in the secondary storage device needs to be evaluated, and the data with poor evaluation performance is selected to fall to the primary storage device according to the performance evaluation result.
In the invention, when more new data is written in the secondary storage device, a plurality of data fragments are formed for the external storage, and when a large amount of continuous data is read, the time is long, so that the data in the secondary storage device and the primary storage device need to be integrated in a fixed time, the continuity of the external storage data is ensured as much as possible, and the data reading and writing performance is further improved.
When the secondary storage device and the primary storage device are integrated, data in the secondary storage device can be input into the primary storage device; the data in the primary storage device may also be reordered. All within the scope of the invention.
In the invention, when the number of fragments of the external memory is larger than the preset fragment threshold, the fragments need to be eliminated, and the external memory is reset. By reducing fragmentation, data read-write performance can be improved.
The above is a data reading and writing method provided by the invention.
Second embodiment:
in the first embodiment described above, a data reading and writing method is provided, and in combination with the first embodiment described above, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the data reading and writing method provided by the first embodiment described above.
The third embodiment:
in combination with the data reading and writing method provided by the first embodiment, the present invention further provides a data reading and writing device, including: the present invention relates to a data reading and writing method, and more particularly, to a data reading and writing method, and a computer program.
In the description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (5)
1. A method for reading and writing data, comprising:
acquiring a write request of new data;
according to the write request, an IO scheduler is adopted, and the new data is written into a secondary storage device based on a preset tertiary storage system; the secondary storage device is a nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a read request of the new data;
according to the reading request, directly reading the new data from the secondary storage equipment by utilizing an operating system;
after the step of obtaining a write request for new data, the method further includes:
evaluating the performance of new data needing to be written in the write request to obtain an evaluation result;
judging whether the evaluation result reaches a preset threshold value or not;
if yes, executing the step of writing the new data into a secondary storage device by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request;
the evaluating the performance of the new data needing to be written in the write request to obtain an evaluation result comprises the following steps:
evaluating the use value of new data to be written in the write request, and the external storage fragment amount and the read-write performance of the new data after the new data is written in the secondary storage device to obtain an evaluation result;
evaluating the use value of new data needing to be written in the write request, comprising:
and evaluating the use value of the new data according to the read-write frequency of the new data needing to be written in the write request.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tertiary storage system comprises: the system comprises a primary storage device, a secondary storage device and a tertiary storage device;
the primary storage device is an external storage; the third-level storage device is a memory.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: if the evaluation result does not reach the preset threshold value;
writing new data into the primary storage equipment by adopting an IO scheduler based on a preset three-level storage system according to the write request;
the reading the new data from the secondary storage device directly by using the operating system according to the read request comprises:
copying the new data from the primary storage device to the tertiary storage device by using an operating system according to the read request;
reading the new data from the tertiary storage device.
4. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A data reading and writing apparatus comprising: memory, processor and computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of one of claims 1 to 3 when executing the program.
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