CN108983859B - Program-controlled power supply - Google Patents
Program-controlled power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN108983859B CN108983859B CN201810895992.7A CN201810895992A CN108983859B CN 108983859 B CN108983859 B CN 108983859B CN 201810895992 A CN201810895992 A CN 201810895992A CN 108983859 B CN108983859 B CN 108983859B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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Abstract
The invention provides a program-controlled power supply, which comprises a digital controller module; the D/A conversion module is connected with the digital controller module; the first isolation module is connected with the D/A conversion module; the input end of the output voltage control module is connected with the output end of the first isolation module; the output voltage control module supplies power to a load; the Hall current sensor module is used for measuring the current output to the load by the output voltage control module; an instrumentation amplifier module connected to the load; the second isolation module is connected with the instrument amplifier module; and the A/D conversion module is respectively connected with the output end of the Hall current sensor module and the output end of the second isolation module, and the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital controller module. The invention uses less components to construct a simple and practical isolated program-controlled power supply. The voltage and current born by the load can be read back.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a program-controlled power supply.
Background
In some applications, it is desirable for the electronic product to provide a power supply that is controlled by a program that sets the voltage of the output power supply. The existing programmable power supply on the market usually has a large volume and can output large power, and the voltage of the output of the programmable power supply is isolated from the control voltage, namely two unrelated grounds are provided. The voltage and current values experienced by the load can be read back.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a program-controlled power supply which is simple in structure.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a programmable power supply, comprising:
a digital controller module;
the D/A conversion module is connected with the output end of the digital controller module;
the first isolation module is connected with the output end of the D/A conversion module;
the output voltage control module is connected with the first isolation module; the output voltage control module supplies power to a load;
the Hall current sensor module is used for measuring the current output to the load by the output voltage control module;
an instrumentation amplifier module connected to the load;
the second isolation module is connected with the output end of the instrument amplifier module;
and the A/D conversion module is respectively connected with the output end of the Hall current sensor module and the output end of the second isolation module, and the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital controller module.
Further, in the above program-controlled power supply, the input of the digital controller module includes a value of the control voltage, a voltage value of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the load and a current value of the load.
Further, in the programmable power supply, the digital controller module, the D/a converter module, and the a/D converter module are referenced to a control ground GNDW;
the output voltage control module, the instrument amplifier module and the load take GNDT as reference;
the first isolation module and the second isolation module are each referenced to a control ground GNDW on one side and a power ground GNDT on the other side.
The hall current sensor module is referenced to a control ground GNDW.
Further, in the programmable power supply, the digital controller module determines a forward control voltage according to a desired voltage and a feedback voltage of the load, that is, a value of a control voltage of the programmable power supply voltage, and transmits the value of the control voltage to the D/a converter module, the D/a converter module converts the value of the control voltage into an analog signal VCH1Crtl, the analog signal VCH1Crtl takes GNDW as a reference, and outputs the control voltage taking GNDT as a reference after passing through the first isolation module, the control voltage taking GNDT as a reference is used as an input of a control signal of the output voltage control module, the output voltage control module generates an output VCHT1 of the programmable power supply according to the signal to the hall current sensor module, the VCHT1 takes GNDT as a reference, and the hall current sensor module is used for measuring an output current of the programmable power supply.
Further, in the programmable power supply, the output current of the programmable power supply measured by the hall current sensor module is represented in the form of a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is transmitted to the a/D converter module by taking the control ground GNDW as a reference;
the differential input end sense + and sense-of the instrumentation amplifier is connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of a load, the single-ended signal generated by the instrumentation amplifier relative to a power ground GNDT represents the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the single-ended signal relative to the power ground GNDT is converted into a voltage signal relative to a control ground GNDW through a second isolation module connected with the output end of the instrumentation amplifier module and is transmitted to an A/D converter module, the A/D converter module receives two paths of voltage signals which are respectively the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load are converted into digital quantities and transmitted to a digital controller module, and the digital controller module adjusts the output voltage of the programmable power supply according to the feedback, the voltage sustained by the load is brought to the desired value.
Further, in the above program-controlled power supply, the first isolation module employs an isolation operational amplifier or a linear optocoupler.
Further, in the above program-controlled power supply, the second isolation module employs a linear optocoupler or an isolation operational amplifier.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the digital controller module; the D/A conversion module is connected with the output end of the digital controller module; the first isolation module is connected with the output end of the D/A conversion module; the output voltage control module is connected with the first isolation module; the output voltage control module is connected with the load through the Hall current sensor module; the instrumentation amplifier module is connected with the anode and the cathode of the load; the second isolation module is connected with the output end of the instrument amplifier module; and the A/D conversion module is respectively connected with the output end of the Hall current sensor module and the output end of the second isolation module, and the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital controller module. The invention uses less components to construct a simple and practical isolated program-controlled power supply. The voltage and current born by the load can be read back.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a programmable power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the use of an isolated operational amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a linear optocoupler isolation example diagram in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an output power control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the use of a Hall current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an isolation method for a negative voltage of a linear optocoupler according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a control circuit diagram for outputting a negative power supply voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a programmable power supply, comprising:
a digital controller module;
the D/A conversion module is connected with the output end of the digital controller module;
the first isolation module is connected with the output end of the D/A conversion module;
the output voltage control module is connected with the first isolation module; the output voltage control module supplies power to a load;
the Hall current sensor module is used for measuring the current output to the load by the output voltage control module;
an instrumentation amplifier module connected to the load;
the second isolation module is connected with the output end of the instrument amplifier module;
and the A/D conversion module is respectively connected with the output end of the Hall current sensor module and the output end of the second isolation module, and the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital controller module.
The invention uses less components to construct a simple and practical isolated program-controlled power supply. The voltage and current born by the load can be read back.
In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the present invention, the input of the digital controller module includes a control voltage value, a feedback voltage value of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the load, and a load current value.
Here, there are two inputs to the digital controller module, 1) is the desired value of the control voltage, which is determined by the program inside the digital controller; 2) the voltage values of the anode and the cathode of the load and the current value of the load are fed back.
In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the present invention, the digital controller module, the D/a converter module, and the a/D converter module are referenced to a control ground GNDW;
the output voltage control module, the instrument amplifier module and the load take GNDT as reference;
the first isolation module and the second isolation module are each referenced to a control ground GNDW on one side and a power ground GNDT on the other side.
The hall current sensor module is referenced to a control ground GNDW.
The programmable power supply has two ground points here, control ground GNDW and power ground GNDT (see fig. 1). The digital controller module, the D/A converter module and the A/D converter module in the programmable power supply are referenced to a control ground GNDW. The output voltage control module, the instrumentation amplifier module, and the load are referenced to a power ground GNDT. One side of the isolation module takes GNDW as a reference, and the other side takes GNDT as a reference, and the isolation module is used for completing the transfer of signals between different reference grounds. The Hall current sensor senses that an object is the output current of the programmable power supply, and the output voltage with GNDW as a reference represents the magnitude of the output current.
In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the present invention, in the forward control:
the digital controller module determines a forward control voltage, namely a numerical value (digital signal) of a control voltage of the programmable power supply voltage according to a desired voltage and a feedback voltage of the load, transmits the numerical value of the control voltage to the D/A converter module, the D/A converter module converts the numerical value of the control voltage into an analog signal VCH1Crtl, the analog signal VCH1Crtl takes GNDW as a reference, the analog signal VCH1Crtl takes GNDT as a reference, the analog signal VCH1Crtl outputs a control voltage taking GNDT as a reference after passing through the first isolation module, the control voltage taking GNDT as a reference is taken as an input of a control signal of the output voltage control module, the output voltage control module generates a programmable power supply output VCHT1 according to the control voltage, and the VCHT1 takes GNDT as a. The output voltage control module supplies power to the load through the Hall current sensing module, the Hall current sensing module is used for measuring the output current of the program control power supply, and the series resistance is almost 0.
In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the present invention, in the feedback loop:
the output current of the programmable power supply measured by the Hall current sensor module is represented in a voltage signal form, and the voltage signal is transmitted to the A/D converter module by taking a control ground GNDW as a reference;
the differential input ends sense and sense of the instrumentation amplifier are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a load, a single-ended signal generated by the instrumentation amplifier relative to a power ground GNDT represents the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the single-ended signal relative to the power ground GNDT is converted into a voltage signal relative to a control ground GNDW through a second isolation module connected with the output end of the instrumentation amplifier module and transmitted to an A/D converter module, the A/D converter module receives two paths of voltage signals which are respectively the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load are converted into digital quantities and transmitted to a digital controller module, and the digital controller module adjusts the output voltage of the programmable power supply according to the feedback, the voltage sustained by the load is brought to the desired value.
The first isolation module adopts an isolation operational amplifier or a linear optical coupler. In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the invention, the first isolation module employs an isolation operational amplifier.
The second isolation module adopts a linear optical coupler or an isolation operational amplifier. In an embodiment of the programmable power supply of the invention, the second isolation module employs a linear optocoupler.
Here, the isolation module may be implemented by an isolation operational amplifier or a linear optocoupler. In the embodiment of the invention, the isolation of the input control voltage is realized by adopting an isolation operational amplifier, and the isolation of the readback signal is realized by adopting a linear optical coupler.
Specifically, in input, output, feedback:
as shown in fig. 1, the output of the programmable power supply is the power supply which is controlled by the program and is required by the user to supply power to the load;
the voltage and current values of the output power supply of the programmable power supply serve as feedback signals to the digital controller, and 4-wire system connection is adopted to ensure that the power supply voltage of the load follows the expected value of control.
1) Digital controller module
Wherein the running program generates a value of the programmed supply voltage. And adjusting the voltage output value according to the sensed actual voltage obtained by the load end.
2) D/A conversion module
The control signal for controlling the power supply voltage is changed from a digital signal to an analog signal VCH1Ctrl, and the corresponding ground is GNDW.
3) Isolation module
Isolation of the control ground from the power ground is performed. The isolation module has the function of boosting and reducing voltage in proportion.
4) Output voltage control module
A controlled power supply is generated based on the control voltage. The input is 1) the isolated control voltage; 2) and inputting a power supply. The output is a controlled power supply (VCH1, GNDT).
5) Hall current sensor module
The current output by the programmable power supply is sensed, and a corresponding voltage signal representing the current with reference to the control ground GNDW is generated to prepare for reading back the output current of the programmable power supply. The hall current sensor senses the current flowing through the sensor.
6) Instrument amplifier module
Connecting the programmable power supply to the load may result in a long connection that causes a voltage drop that results in the load not being able to obtain the set voltage. Using a 4-wire connection, (VCHT1, GNDT) is the power output, and its corresponding far-end (load) sensing signals are (sense +, sense-), (sense +, sense-) are connected to the positive and negative poles of the load. The instrumentation amplifier converts the voltage difference between sense + sense (i.e., the voltage difference actually experienced by the load) to a single-ended voltage signal to ground GNDT, representing the voltage experienced by the load.
7) A/D conversion module
And converting the read-back analog signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the digital controller module.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows:
two methods of isolation:
an example of an isolated op-amp transition signal referenced to ground is shown in fig. 2. VCH1Ctrl, GNDW represent signal VCH1Ctrl referenced to GNDW. TP4 and GNDT represent signal TP4 with GNDT as the reference ground. Signals VCH1Ctrl and TP4 are isolated from different ground planes GNDW and GNDT.
An example of the optical coupling transition signal referenced to ground is shown in fig. 3. VCH1T and GNDT denote signals VCH1T with GNDT as a reference ground. VCH1_ PROBE, GNDW represent signal VCH1_ PROBE referenced to GNDW. Signals VCH1T and VCH1_ PROBE are isolated from the different ground planes GNDW and GNDT.
Principle of the output voltage control module:
the principle of the control module of the output power supply is shown in fig. 4, and the circuit outputs a positive voltage. The core of the device is an operational amplifier. TP4 is an isolated control signal referenced to ground GNDT. According to the properties of the operational amplifier, the voltage of the pin 3 of the operational amplifier is approximately equal to the voltage VTP4 of TP4, the voltage of the pin 2 is approximately equal to the voltage of the pin 3, and VCHT1 is (R12+ R13)/R13 VTP 4. VCHT1 is the output voltage. VOPAH + and VOPAL are input power supply of the program control power supply, which is a power supply with fixed voltage, the output power supply of the program control power supply is a non-fixed power supply controlled by a program, and the source of the driving capability of the program control power supply is the input power supply.
Hall current sensor module:
testing the output current of a programmable power supply using a hall current sensor as shown in fig. 5, the hall current sensor converts the current flowing through the IP + and IP-paths into a voltage that is referenced to the control ground GNDW relative to the ground pin connected to the hall current sensor, which is connected to the control ground, and converts the resulting voltage signal that is representative of the output current value to be referenced to the control ground. The resistance between IP + and IP-is almost 0. Outputting the required adjustment of the negative supply voltage with respect to the positive voltage modules:
the output negative supply voltage, i.e. the output supply voltage, is lower than the reference ground. The isolation module and the output voltage control module based on the linear optical coupler are required to be slightly changed. When linear optocoupler isolation is used, the circuit of fig. 3 needs to be modified to the circuit of fig. 6. U1A of fig. 3 is connected to the positive voltage VOPAL +, and U25A of fig. 6 is connected to the negative voltage VOPAL-. For the output voltage control module outputting the negative power, the circuit of fig. 4 needs to be modified into the circuit of fig. 7, the MOSFET of fig. 4 is an N-transistor, and the MOSFET of fig. 7 is a P-transistor.
The present invention may use the framework shown in fig. 1 as the framework for the programmed power supply.
And a linear optical coupler or an isolation operational amplifier is used for controlling the isolation of voltage input and the isolation during voltage current read-back.
The output voltage control module is composed of an operational amplifier, a field effect transistor and an input power supply.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative components and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention, as the skilled artisan may use different approaches to implement the described functionality for each particular application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A programmable power supply, comprising:
a digital controller module;
the D/A conversion module is connected with the output end of the digital controller module;
the first isolation module is connected with the output end of the D/A conversion module;
the input end of the output voltage control module is connected with the output end of the first isolation module; the output voltage control module supplies power to a load;
the Hall current sensor module is used for measuring the current output to the load by the output voltage control module;
an instrumentation amplifier module connected to the load;
the second isolation module is connected with the output end of the instrument amplifier module;
the A/D conversion module is respectively connected with the output end of the Hall current sensor module and the output end of the second isolation module, and the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital controller module;
the input of the digital controller module comprises a control voltage value, voltage values of the anode and the cathode of the load and a current value of the load;
the output voltage control module includes: the module outputs a positive voltage; the core of the operational amplifier is an operational amplifier; TP4 is an isolated control signal, taking GNDT as a reference, according to the property of the operational amplifier, the voltage VTP4 of the No. 3 pin and TP4 of the operational amplifier is approximately equal, the voltage of the No. 2 pin and the No. 3 pin are approximately equal, VCHT1 = (R12+ R13)/R13 VTP4, VCHT1 is an output voltage, VOPAH + and VOPAL-are input power supplies of the program-controlled power supply and are power supplies with fixed voltage, the output power supply of the program-controlled power supply is a non-fixed power supply controlled by a program, and the driving capability of the program-controlled power supply is from the input power supply;
the digital controller module, the D/A converter module and the A/D converter module take a control ground GNDW as a reference;
the output voltage control module, the instrument amplifier module and the load take GNDT as reference;
the first isolation module and the second isolation module are respectively referenced to a control ground GNDW on one side and a power ground GNDT on the other side;
the hall current sensor module is referenced to a control ground GNDW.
2. The programmable power supply of claim 1, wherein the digital controller module determines a forward control voltage according to a desired voltage and a feedback voltage of the load, and transmits the value of the control voltage to the D/a converter module, the D/a converter module converts the value of the control voltage into an analog signal VCH1Crtl, the analog signal VCH1Crtl is referenced to GNDW, and after passing through the first isolation module, the analog signal VCH1Crtl outputs a control voltage referenced to GNDT, the control voltage referenced to GNDT is used as an input of a control signal of the output voltage control module, the output voltage control module generates a programmable power supply output VCHT1 to the hall current sensor module according to the signal, the VCHT1 is referenced to GNDT, and the hall current sensor module is used for measuring an output current of the programmable power supply.
3. The programmable power supply of claim 2, wherein the output current of the programmable power supply measured by the hall current sensor module is characterized in the form of a voltage signal, referenced to a control ground GNDW, transmitted to the a/D converter module;
the differential input end sense + and sense-of the instrumentation amplifier module are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a load, the single-ended signal generated by the instrumentation amplifier module relative to the power ground GNDT represents the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the single-ended signal relative to the power ground GNDT is converted into a voltage signal relative to the control ground GNDW through a second isolation module connected with the output end of the instrumentation amplifier module and transmitted to an A/D converter module, the A/D converter module receives two paths of voltage signals which are respectively the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load, the voltage signal representing the output current of the programmable power supply and the voltage signal representing the voltage magnitude borne by the load are converted into digital quantities and transmitted to a digital controller module, and the digital controller module adjusts the output voltage of the programmable power supply according to the feedback, the voltage sustained by the load is brought to the desired value.
4. The programmable power supply of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first isolation module employs an isolation operational amplifier or a linear optocoupler.
5. The programmable power supply of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second isolation module employs a linear optocoupler or an isolation operational amplifier.
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| CN2814482Y (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-09-06 | 扬州双鸿电子有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring power supply |
| CN102346464A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-02-08 | 武汉科技大学 | 0-20mA or 4-20mA direct current analog quantity output device |
| CN203745941U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-07-30 | 江苏国网自控科技股份有限公司 | DC current source circuit based on closed-loop control of PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) technology |
| CN104656730B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 华晶精密制造股份有限公司 | Dual path isolation constant-current type numerical-control direct-current power source |
| CN106300988B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-01-08 | 洛阳隆盛科技有限责任公司 | A kind of high-precision high pressure programmable power supply |
| CN108134524A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of programme-controlled dc power control circuit |
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