CN108977706B - aluminum alloy plate for liquefied gas storage tank and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
aluminum alloy plate for liquefied gas storage tank and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108977706B CN108977706B CN201810848610.5A CN201810848610A CN108977706B CN 108977706 B CN108977706 B CN 108977706B CN 201810848610 A CN201810848610 A CN 201810848610A CN 108977706 B CN108977706 B CN 108977706B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
- B22D43/004—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal by using filtering means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
the invention discloses an aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy plate contains Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Cr, Zn, Ti, and the balance of chemical elements such as Al. In the preparation method, an independent soaking treatment process is adopted, and the soaking process is well controlled, so that the composition segregation of the ingot is effectively eliminated, the internal stress of the ingot is reduced, and the chemical composition is uniform; the aluminum alloy plate for liquefied natural gas prepared by the invention is a finished product in an O state, the tensile strength reaches 310-320 MPa, the elongation is 25-30%, the yield strength is 170-190 MPa, and the hardness is HV 80-90; the roller has the advantages of good arc performance, easy cutting, easy welding, no cracking, beautiful surface after treatment, no air holes in the thick plate, no slag inclusion and other quality defects.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied natural gas storage tank and a preparation method thereof, and mainly relates to a special aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank and a preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate.
Technical Field
Natural gas is a combustible gas naturally mined from a gas field, mainly comprises methane, and can be condensed into liquid after being cooled to-162 ℃ under normal pressure. The natural gas can be liquefied to greatly save storage and transportation space, and has large heat value and high performance. Therefore, the liquefied natural gas is used as a clean, efficient, convenient and safe energy source, and becomes one of the high-quality energy sources selectable by the modern society due to the characteristics of high heat value, less pollution, convenient storage and transportation and the like.
The liquefied natural gas storage tank is a professional product for storing natural gas, and is special equipment. The method is completed by the processes of flaw detection, hydraulic pressure and air pressure test, technical supervision and on-site inspection, issuing of a pressure container inspection certificate, external rust removal and paint spraying and the like. Based on the safety problem, the quality identification of the material, the appearance size, the welding seam quality, the operation quality, the installation quality, the internal device and the safety accessory of the compression element of the liquefied natural gas storage tank is very strict.
at present, common liquefied natural gas storage tanks are made of iron tanks, steel tanks, stainless steel tanks and aluminum alloy tanks, and among the used gas storage tanks, the iron tanks and the steel tanks are low in price, but are heavy in weight and easy to rust, so that a large amount of resources are consumed, the liquefied natural gas storage tanks cannot be recycled, the liquefied natural gas storage tanks are not convenient to transport, namely, the resource consumption is high, and the transportation cost is high. Therefore, the aluminum alloy with high strength, light weight and difficult rusting becomes the excellent material of the air storage tank. The gas storage tank made of the aluminum alloy material is far lower in quality than a gas storage tank made of a steel material, convenient to transport, capable of obviously reducing the transport cost, long in service life and capable of reducing resource consumption, and the aluminum alloy is not prone to rusting.
Most of aluminum alloys adopted by the existing aluminum alloy gas storage tank are 1060, 5052, 5083 and other series of alloys, wherein the natural gas storage tank prepared from 1060 and 5052 aluminum alloys is low in strength and poor in corrosion resistance, while 5083 aluminum alloys are good in corrosion resistance, the compression strength is only 270-290 MPa and the yield strength is 140-160 MPa, and under the condition that the requirement on the liquefied natural gas storage tank is strict, the performance of 5083 aluminum alloys is far less than that of the liquefied natural gas storage tank.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank and a preparation method thereof, and the aluminum alloy plate is mainly used for a natural gas storage tank. The aluminum alloy plate for the natural gas storage tank prepared by the method has the advantages of good plasticity, low resistance rate, no holes and slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy plate, higher plastic elongation and higher strength. Can meet the performance requirements of the gas storage tank for liquefied natural gas.
the invention is realized by the following technical scheme
an aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.35-0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 5.1-5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al.
the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting and casting process
a: adding an aluminum ingot (the purity is more than or equal to 99.5%) into a smelting furnace according to the proportion requirement of each element in the aluminum alloy plate, simultaneously adding an intermediate alloy containing Si, an additive containing Fe and an additive containing Mn, and adding a pure magnesium ingot and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire; smelting for 4-6 hours at 720-760 ℃ after the addition is finished, refining after the smelting is finished, and smelting for 1-2 hours at 720-760 ℃ after the refining is finished, so that the smelting in the smelting furnace is finished;
The mass percentages of all chemical elements in the aluminum alloy solution are in accordance with the following conditions through detection and regulation in the smelting process: 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.35-0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 5.1-5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al;
the Si-containing intermediate alloy in the step a comprises 15% by mass of Si and the balance of Al; the additive containing Fe is iron powder with the weight percentage of Fe of 75%, and the additive containing Mn is manganese powder with the weight percentage of Mn of 75%; the purity of the pure magnesium ingot is 99.99 percent; the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is Al-5Ti-1B, namely the aluminum-titanium-boron wire comprises 5 mass percent of Ti, 1 mass percent of B and the balance of Al.
the refining in the smelting furnace in the step a is specifically as follows: and (3) refining for 30-40 min at 720-760 ℃ by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas.
b: b, conveying the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the step a to a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is finished, and standing for 20-30 min to finish smelting in the standing furnace;
wherein the temperature in the standing furnace in the step b is 720-740 ℃, and the refining specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas, and the refining time in a standing furnace is 30-40 min.
c: casting the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the standing furnace in the step b:
The casting comprises the following steps: b, introducing the aluminum alloy solution into a primary filtering device through the standing furnace in the step b, filtering the aluminum alloy solution by the primary filtering device, introducing the aluminum alloy solution into an online degassing device, degassing the aluminum alloy solution by the online degassing device, and introducing the aluminum alloy solution into a secondary filtering device for filtering; finishing casting after filtering is finished, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot after casting is finished;
Wherein the temperature in the casting in the step c is 670-720 ℃, and the total casting time is 2.0-3.0 hours; the precision of a filter plate of the primary filtering device is 30PPi, online degassing is carried out on the aluminum alloy solution by adopting high-purity argon after the primary filtering, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor during online degassing is more than or equal to 450r/min, and the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy material obtained after online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl; and introducing a secondary filtering device after online degassing, wherein the precision of a filtering plate of the secondary filtering device is 50 PPi.
(2) soaking treatment:
Carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (1); naturally cooling to room temperature after the soaking treatment is finished;
wherein, the soaking treatment in the step (2) is specifically as follows: the constant temperature of furnace gas of the soaking pit furnace is 500 ℃, heat preservation is started when the temperature of a hearth reaches 500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 hours; and after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of furnace gas is changed to 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot is 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 4-6 hours, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and the aluminum alloy ingot is naturally cooled to the room temperature after the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace.
In the process, the temperature rise rate of the temperature in the hearth from the greenhouse to 500 ℃ is 40-50 ℃/h;
(3) Milling surface
And (3) milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to soaking treatment in the step (2): the milling surface quantity of the large single side is more than or equal to 15mm, the milling surface quantity of the small single side is more than or equal to 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 2 mm;
(4) Hot rolling:
heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to surface milling in the step (3), performing hot rough rolling on the cast ingot after heating, lubricating and cooling by using an emulsion, and obtaining an aluminum alloy plate after lubricating and cooling;
Wherein the heating treatment and the hot rough rolling in the step (4) are specifically as follows: placing the aluminum alloy ingot in a heating furnace (a push type heating furnace), wherein the constant temperature of furnace gas of the heating furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot reaches 420-440 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours at the temperature; after the heat preservation is finished, discharging the aluminum alloy plate at the temperature of 420-440 ℃ for rolling; hot rough rolling is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill, cogging is carried out on the hot rough rolling at the temperature of 420-440 ℃, reversible rolling is carried out on 15-17 passes of the hot rough rolling, the thickness of each pass of the rolling is 35-45 mm, the thickness of a finished product obtained after the hot rough rolling is 15-20 mm, and the final temperature after the hot rough rolling is finished is 350-380 ℃;
in the process, the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy ingot in the heating furnace is 30-40 ℃/h when the temperature is raised from room temperature to 420-440 ℃.
wherein the pressure of the emulsion adopted in the hot rough rolling in the step (4) is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the temperature of the emulsion is 60-67 ℃, and the mass concentration of the used emulsion is 5.5-6.5%.
(5) annealing:
annealing the aluminum alloy plate obtained after the hot rolling in the step (4) by using an annealing furnace; and obtaining the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank after the annealing treatment is finished.
in the annealing process in the step (5), the constant temperature of furnace gas is 490-510 ℃, when the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate reaches 370-380 ℃, the temperature is kept for 8-10 hours, and the aluminum alloy plate is taken out of the furnace and slowly cooled to the room temperature after the temperature is kept;
in the process, the heating rate of the aluminum alloy plate is 25-30 ℃/h when the temperature is raised to 370-380 ℃ from room temperature.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive beneficial effects
(1) In the smelting process, the invention adopts the aluminum ingot with low raw material price and purity of 99.5 percent, the aluminum ingot with purity of 99.5 percent is simple and quick to process, and the energy consumption is relatively low. But 99.5 percent of aluminum ingot impurities are slightly higher, the invention effectively eliminates the influence on the internal structure of Fe element by controlling chemical compositions of Si, Fe and the like in the aluminum alloy plate, effectively prevents the poisoning phenomenon generated by high content of single Fe element, and eliminates the influence of the impurities in the aluminum ingot on the aluminum alloy plate. Namely, the high-performance aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank is prepared under the condition of price consumption and price trade-off;
(2) The invention adopts a high-efficiency and convenient degassing and deslagging method in the casting process, adopts in-furnace + online double degassing, and adopts a double filtering mode online, thereby effectively reducing the hydrogen content in the aluminum liquid, completely removing the oxidation slag, controlling the impurity content in the aluminum plate to be within 0.005mm, and effectively preventing the generation of holes and pinholes from bringing internal defects to the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank; the produced aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank has no holes and slag inclusion, the internal flaw detection of a thick plate with the thickness of 15-20 mm reaches A-AA level, and the defects of internal holes and slag inclusion are completely avoided;
(3) In the process of preparing the aluminum alloy plate for liquefied natural gas, the invention adopts the independent soaking treatment to ensure that the metal temperature control is more accurate and the heat preservation time can be effectively ensured, and the independent soaking treatment increases the cooling process after the plate ingot is homogenized, the segregation and the internal stress in the plate ingot are more thoroughly eliminated from high temperature to cooling, and the stable chemical components in the high-temperature homogenization are effectively fixed and retained, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the internal segregation and the component uniformity, effectively eliminating the segregation of the ingot components and reducing the internal stress of the ingot through better controlling the soaking process, having uniform chemical components, leading the hot rolling to adopt 15-17 times of large reduction rolling to completely crush the internal crystal grains, eliminating the internal defects of coarse crystal grains, loose tissues and the like, and further achieving good exfoliation corrosion performance, leading the thickness tolerance to reach +/-0.08 mm, finally, the overall quality of the aluminum alloy plate product for liquefied natural gas is completely improved;
(4) The 5A05 aluminum alloy in the O state must have proper tensile strength and better plasticity; the grain size of the internal structure of the aluminum alloy plate is directly related to annealing, high-temperature recrystallization annealing (a higher recrystallization temperature is adopted, and a material is fully recrystallized by longer heat preservation time, so that the material reaches proper tensile strength and good elongation percentage), the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy plate for liquefied gas reaches proper strength and is optimally used in a liquefied gas storage tank, the elongation percentage and plasticity reach the highest, the finished plate product has low impedance in a roll arc, good plasticity and no rebound, and the surface of the treated product is attractive, and has no defects of cracking, deformation and the like;
(5) the aluminum alloy plate for liquefied natural gas prepared by the invention is a finished product in an O state, the tensile strength reaches 310-320 MPa, the elongation is 25-30%, the yield strength is 170-190 MPa, and the hardness is HV 80-90; the roller has the advantages of good arc performance, easy cutting, easy welding, no cracking, beautiful surface after treatment, no air holes in the thick plate, no slag inclusion and other quality defects.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1
an aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.15 percent of Si, 0.35 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.4 percent of Mn, 5.1 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, 0.02 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 2
An aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.25 percent of Si, 0.45 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.5 percent of Mn, 5.4 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, 0.03 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
Example 3
An aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.20 percent of Si, 0.40 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of Mn, 5.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, 0.02 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
example 4
An aluminum alloy plate for a liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.20 percent of Si, 0.40 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of Mn, 5.2 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, 0.03 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
example 5
One of the methods for manufacturing an aluminum alloy sheet for a liquefied gas storage tank described in embodiments 1 to 4 includes the steps of: (1) smelting and casting process
a: according to the proportion requirement of each element in the aluminum alloy plate, adding an aluminum ingot (the purity is more than or equal to 99.5%) into a smelting furnace, simultaneously adding an intermediate alloy containing Si (the mass percentage of Si in the intermediate alloy is 15%, and the balance is Al), iron powder with the mass percentage of Fe being 75%, manganese powder with the mass percentage of Mn being 75%, and adding a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.99% and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire (Al-5Ti-1B, namely the mass percentage of Ti in the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is 5%, the mass percentage of B is 1%, and the balance is Al); smelting for 6 hours at 730 +/-5 ℃ after the addition is finished, refining (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas, refining is carried out for 40 minutes at 730 +/-5 ℃) after the smelting is finished, and smelting for 1 hour at 730 +/-5 ℃ after the refining is finished, namely finishing the smelting in the smelting furnace;
The mass percentages of all chemical elements in the aluminum alloy solution are in accordance with the following conditions through detection and regulation in the smelting process: 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.35-0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 5.1-5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al;
b: b, conveying the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the step a to a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is finished, and standing for 30min to finish smelting in the standing furnace;
the temperature in the standing furnace is 720 +/-5 ℃, and the refining specifically comprises the following steps: refining with nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas for 40min in a standing furnace;
c: casting the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the standing furnace in the step b:
the casting comprises the following steps: b, enabling the aluminum alloy solution to enter a primary filtering device through the standing furnace guide furnace in the step b, leading the precision of a filter plate of the primary filtering device to be 30PPi, filtering the aluminum alloy solution through the primary filtering device, leading the aluminum alloy solution into an online degassing device (online degassing is carried out on the aluminum alloy solution by adopting high-purity argon, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during online degassing, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy material obtained after online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100gAl), leading the aluminum alloy solution into a secondary filtering device after degassing through the online degassing device, and filtering the aluminum alloy solution, wherein the; finishing casting after filtering is finished, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot after casting is finished;
wherein the temperature during casting is 680 +/-10 ℃, and the total casting time is 3.0 hours;
(2) Soaking treatment:
Carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (1): the constant temperature of furnace gas of the soaking pit furnace is 500 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of a hearth reaches 500 ℃ (the temperature rise rate is 40 ℃/h when the temperature in the hearth is raised from the greenhouse to 500 ℃), and the heat preservation time is 3 h; after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of furnace gas is changed to 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot is 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 6 hours, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and the aluminum alloy ingot is naturally cooled to the room temperature after the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace, so that the soaking treatment is finished;
(3) milling surface
and (3) milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to soaking treatment in the step (2): the milling surface quantity of the large single side is more than or equal to 15mm, the milling surface quantity of the small single side is more than or equal to 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 2 mm;
(4) hot rolling:
heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to surface milling in the step (3), performing hot rough rolling on the cast ingot after heating, lubricating and cooling by using an emulsion, and obtaining an aluminum alloy plate after lubricating and cooling;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: placing the aluminum alloy ingot in a push type heating furnace, wherein the furnace gas constant temperature of the heating furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot reaches 420 +/-5 ℃ (the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy ingot when the temperature rises from room temperature to 420 +/-5 ℃ is 40 ℃/h), and preserving the heat for 5 hours at the temperature; after the heat preservation is finished, discharging the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 420 +/-5 ℃ for rolling; hot rough rolling is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill, cogging is carried out on the hot rough rolling at the temperature of 420 +/-5 ℃, reversible rolling is carried out on 15 passes of the hot rough rolling, the thickness of each pass of the rolling is 35-45 mm, the thickness of a finished product obtained after the hot rough rolling is 15mm, and the final temperature after the hot rough rolling is finished is 350 +/-5 ℃;
wherein the pressure of the emulsion used for hot rough rolling is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the temperature of the emulsion is 60-67 ℃, and the mass concentration of the emulsion is 5.5-6.5%;
(5) Annealing:
And (3) annealing the aluminum alloy plate obtained after the hot rolling in the step (4) by using an annealing furnace: and keeping the temperature of the furnace gas at 490 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate at 370-380 ℃ (the heating rate of the aluminum alloy plate when the temperature is raised from room temperature to 370-380 ℃ is 25 ℃/h), keeping the temperature for 8 hours, discharging the aluminum alloy plate after the heat preservation is finished, slowly cooling the aluminum alloy plate to room temperature to finish the annealing treatment, and obtaining the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank after the annealing treatment is finished.
and (3) carrying out performance detection on the finally prepared product, wherein the result is shown in table 1, the performance requirement of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank is completely met, and the liquefied natural gas storage tank is prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy plate.
example 6
The second method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy sheet for a liquefied gas storage tank according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4 includes the steps of:
(1) smelting and casting process
a: according to the proportion requirement of each element in the aluminum alloy plate, adding an aluminum ingot (the purity is more than or equal to 99.5%) into a smelting furnace, simultaneously adding an intermediate alloy containing Si (the mass percentage of Si in the intermediate alloy is 15%, and the balance is Al), iron powder with the mass percentage of Fe being 75%, manganese powder with the mass percentage of Mn being 75%, and adding a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.99% and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire (Al-5Ti-1B, namely the mass percentage of Ti in the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is 5%, the mass percentage of B is 1%, and the balance is Al); smelting for 4 hours at 750 +/-5 ℃ after the addition is finished, refining (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas, refining is carried out for 30 minutes at 750 +/-5 ℃) after the smelting is finished, and smelting for 2 hours at 750 +/-5 ℃ after the refining is finished, namely finishing the smelting in the smelting furnace;
the mass percentages of all chemical elements in the aluminum alloy solution are in accordance with the following conditions through detection and regulation in the smelting process: 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.35-0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 5.1-5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al;
b: b, conveying the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the step a to a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is finished, and standing for 20min to finish smelting in the standing furnace;
the temperature in the standing furnace is 740 +/-5 ℃, and the refining specifically comprises the following steps: refining with nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas for 30min in a standing furnace;
c: casting the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the standing furnace in the step b:
the casting comprises the following steps: b, enabling the aluminum alloy solution to enter a primary filtering device through the standing furnace guide furnace in the step b, leading the precision of a filter plate of the primary filtering device to be 30PPi, filtering the aluminum alloy solution through the primary filtering device, leading the aluminum alloy solution into an online degassing device (online degassing is carried out on the aluminum alloy solution by adopting high-purity argon, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during online degassing, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy material obtained after online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100gAl), leading the aluminum alloy solution into a secondary filtering device after degassing through the online degassing device, and filtering the aluminum alloy solution, wherein the; finishing casting after filtering is finished, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot after casting is finished;
Wherein the temperature during casting is 710 +/-10 ℃, and the total casting time is 2.0 hours;
(2) soaking treatment:
carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (1): the furnace gas constant temperature of the soaking pit furnace is 500 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the hearth reaches 500 ℃ (the temperature rise rate is 50 ℃/h when the temperature in the hearth rises from the greenhouse to 500 ℃), and the heat preservation time is 5 h; after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of furnace gas is changed to 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot is 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 4 hours, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and the aluminum alloy ingot is naturally cooled to the room temperature after the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace, so that the soaking treatment is finished;
(3) milling surface
and (3) milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to soaking treatment in the step (2): the milling surface quantity of the large single side is more than or equal to 15mm, the milling surface quantity of the small single side is more than or equal to 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 2 mm;
(4) hot rolling:
Heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to surface milling in the step (3), performing hot rough rolling on the cast ingot after heating, lubricating and cooling by using an emulsion, and obtaining an aluminum alloy plate after lubricating and cooling;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: placing the aluminum alloy ingot in a push type heating furnace, wherein the furnace gas constant temperature of the heating furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot reaches 440 +/-5 ℃ (the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy ingot when the temperature rises from room temperature to 440 +/-5 ℃ is 30 ℃/h), and preserving the heat for 3 hours at the temperature; after the heat preservation is finished, discharging the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 440 +/-5 ℃ for rolling; hot rough rolling is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill, cogging is carried out on the hot rough rolling at the temperature of 440 +/-5 ℃, reversible rolling is carried out on 16 passes of the hot rough rolling, the thickness of each pass of the rolling is 35-45 mm, the thickness of a finished product obtained after the hot rough rolling is 18mm, and the final temperature after the hot rough rolling is finished is 380 +/-5 ℃;
wherein the pressure of the emulsion used for hot rough rolling is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the temperature of the emulsion is 60-67 ℃, and the mass concentration of the emulsion is 5.5-6.5%;
(5) annealing:
and (3) annealing the aluminum alloy plate obtained after the hot rolling in the step (4) by using an annealing furnace: and keeping the temperature of the furnace gas at 510 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate at 370-380 ℃ (the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy plate when the temperature rises from the room temperature to 370-380 ℃ is 30 ℃/h), keeping the temperature for 10 hours, discharging the aluminum alloy plate after the temperature is kept, slowly cooling the aluminum alloy plate to the room temperature to finish annealing treatment, and obtaining the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank after the annealing treatment is finished.
The performance of the final prepared product was tested and the results are shown in table 1; the performance requirements of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank are completely met, and the liquefied natural gas storage tank is prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy plate.
Example 7
the third method for preparing an aluminum alloy sheet for a liquefied gas storage tank according to the third embodiment 1 to 4 includes the following steps:
(1) smelting and casting process
a: according to the proportion requirement of each element in the aluminum alloy plate, adding an aluminum ingot (the purity is more than or equal to 99.5%) into a smelting furnace, simultaneously adding an intermediate alloy containing Si (the mass percentage of Si in the intermediate alloy is 15%, and the balance is Al), iron powder with the mass percentage of Fe being 75%, manganese powder with the mass percentage of Mn being 75%, and adding a pure magnesium ingot with the purity of 99.99% and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire (Al-5Ti-1B, namely the mass percentage of Ti in the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is 5%, the mass percentage of B is 1%, and the balance is Al); smelting for 5 hours at 740 +/-5 ℃ after the addition is finished, refining (refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas, refining is carried out for 35 minutes at 740 +/-5 ℃ and the like) after the smelting is finished, and smelting for 1.5 hours at 740 +/-5 ℃ after the refining is finished, namely finishing the smelting in the smelting furnace;
The mass percentages of all chemical elements in the aluminum alloy solution are in accordance with the following conditions through detection and regulation in the smelting process: 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.35-0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 5.1-5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02-0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al;
b: b, conveying the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the step a to a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is finished, and standing for 25min to finish smelting in the standing furnace;
the temperature in the standing furnace is 730 +/-5 ℃, and the refining specifically comprises the following steps: refining operation is carried out by adopting nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas, and the refining time in a standing furnace is 35 min;
c: casting the aluminum alloy solution smelted in the standing furnace in the step b:
The casting comprises the following steps: b, enabling the aluminum alloy solution to enter a primary filtering device through the standing furnace guide furnace in the step b, leading the precision of a filter plate of the primary filtering device to be 30PPi, filtering the aluminum alloy solution through the primary filtering device, leading the aluminum alloy solution into an online degassing device (online degassing is carried out on the aluminum alloy solution by adopting high-purity argon, the rotating speed of a graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during online degassing, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy material obtained after online degassing is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100gAl), leading the aluminum alloy solution into a secondary filtering device after degassing through the online degassing device, and filtering the aluminum alloy solution, wherein the; finishing casting after filtering, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot after casting;
Wherein the temperature during casting is 700 +/-10 ℃, and the total casting time is 2.5 hours;
(2) Soaking treatment:
carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (1): the furnace gas constant temperature of the soaking pit furnace is 500 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the hearth reaches 500 ℃ (the temperature rise rate is 45 ℃/h when the temperature in the hearth is raised from the greenhouse to 500 ℃), and the heat preservation time is 4 h; after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of furnace gas is changed to 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot is 460 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and the aluminum alloy ingot is naturally cooled to the room temperature after the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace, so that the soaking treatment is finished;
(3) milling surface
And (3) milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to soaking treatment in the step (2): the milling surface quantity of the large single side is more than or equal to 15mm, the milling surface quantity of the small single side is more than or equal to 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 2 mm;
(4) Hot rolling:
heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to surface milling in the step (3), performing hot rough rolling on the cast ingot after heating, lubricating and cooling by using an emulsion, and obtaining an aluminum alloy plate after lubricating and cooling;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: placing the aluminum alloy ingot in a push type heating furnace, wherein the furnace gas constant temperature of the heating furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot reaches 430 +/-5 ℃ (the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy ingot when the temperature rises from room temperature to 430 +/-5 ℃ is 35 ℃/h), and preserving the heat for 4 hours at the temperature; after the heat preservation is finished, discharging the aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 430 +/-5 ℃ for rolling; hot rough rolling is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling mill, cogging is carried out on the hot rough rolling at the temperature of 430 +/-5 ℃, reversible rolling is carried out on 17 passes of the hot rough rolling, the thickness of each pass of the rolling is 35-45 mm, the thickness of a finished product obtained after the hot rough rolling is 20mm, and the final temperature after the hot rough rolling is finished is 360 +/-5 ℃;
wherein the pressure of the emulsion used for hot rough rolling is 0.4-0.5 MPa, the temperature of the emulsion is 60-67 ℃, and the mass concentration of the emulsion is 5.5-6.5%;
(5) annealing:
And (3) annealing the aluminum alloy plate obtained after the hot rolling in the step (4) by using an annealing furnace: and keeping the temperature of the furnace gas at 500 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate at 370-380 ℃ (the heating rate of the aluminum alloy plate when the temperature is raised from the room temperature to 370-380 ℃ is 27 ℃/h), keeping the temperature for 9 hours, discharging the aluminum alloy plate after the heat preservation is finished, slowly cooling the aluminum alloy plate to the room temperature to finish the annealing treatment, and obtaining the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank after the annealing treatment is finished.
the performance of the final prepared product was tested and the results are shown in table 1; the performance requirements of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied natural gas storage tank are completely met, and the liquefied natural gas storage tank is prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy plate.
TABLE 1 test results of the properties of the aluminum alloy sheets prepared in examples 5 to 7
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank is characterized in that the aluminum alloy plate comprises the following chemical elements, by mass, 0.15 ~ 0.25% of Si, 0.35 ~ 0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4 ~ 0.5% of Mn, 5.1 ~ 5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02 ~ 0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al;
the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting and casting process
a, adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace according to the element proportion of the aluminum alloy plate, simultaneously adding an intermediate alloy containing Si, an additive containing Fe, an additive containing Mn, and a pure magnesium ingot and an aluminum ~ titanium ~ boron wire, smelting for 4 ~ 6 hours at 720 ~ 760 ℃ after the addition is finished, refining after the smelting is finished, and continuously smelting for 1 ~ 2 hours at 720 ~ 760 ℃ after the refining is finished, thus finishing the smelting in the smelting furnace;
in the smelting process, the mass percentages of all chemical elements in the aluminum alloy melt are enabled to be 0.15 ~ 0.25% of Si, 0.35 ~ 0.45% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.4 ~ 0.5% of Mn, 5.1 ~ 5.4% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, 0.02 ~ 0.03% of Ti and the balance of Al through detection and regulation;
b, conveying the aluminum alloy melt smelted in the step a to a standing furnace for refining, removing floating slag after refining is finished, and standing for 20 ~ 30min to finish smelting in the standing furnace;
c: casting the aluminum alloy melt smelted in the standing furnace in the step b:
the casting comprises the following steps: b, enabling the molten aluminum alloy to enter a primary filtering device through the guide furnace of the standing furnace in the step b, filtering the molten aluminum alloy by the primary filtering device, guiding the molten aluminum alloy into an online degassing device, degassing by the online degassing device, guiding the molten aluminum alloy into a secondary filtering device for filtering, finishing casting after filtering, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot after casting;
(2) Soaking treatment:
Carrying out soaking treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step (1); naturally cooling to room temperature after the soaking treatment is finished;
(3) milling a surface:
And (3) milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to soaking treatment in the step (2): the milling surface quantity of the large single side is more than or equal to 15mm, the milling surface quantity of the small single side is more than or equal to 12mm, and the thickness difference of two sides of the cast ingot is less than or equal to 2 mm;
(4) hot rolling:
heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to surface milling in the step (3), performing hot rough rolling on the aluminum alloy cast ingot after heating, lubricating and cooling by using an emulsion, and obtaining an aluminum alloy plate after the lubricating and cooling are completed;
(5) annealing
annealing the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step (4) by using an annealing furnace, and obtaining the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank after the annealing treatment is finished, wherein in the annealing process, the constant temperature of furnace gas is 490 ~ 510 ℃, when the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate reaches 370 ~ 380 ℃, the heat is preserved for 8 ~ 10 hours at the temperature, and the aluminum alloy plate is taken out of the furnace and slowly cooled to the room temperature after the heat preservation is finished;
in the process, the heating rate of the aluminum alloy plate is 25 ~ 30 ℃/h when the temperature is raised to 370 ~ 380 ℃ from room temperature.
2. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy sheet for a liquefied gas storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate metal containing Si of step a contains 15% by mass of Si and the balance of Al; the additive containing Fe is iron powder with the weight percentage of Fe of 75%, and the additive containing Mn is manganese powder with the weight percentage of Mn of 75%; the purity of the pure magnesium ingot is 99.99 percent; the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is Al-5 Ti-1B.
3. the method for preparing the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the refining in the smelting furnace in the step a is carried out for 30 ~ 40min by adopting nitrogen ~ chlorine mixed gas, the temperature in the standing furnace in the step b is 720 ~ 740 ℃, and the refining in the standing furnace is carried out for 30 ~ 40min by adopting nitrogen ~ chlorine mixed gas.
4. the method for preparing the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casting temperature in the step c is 670 ~ 720 ℃ and the total casting time is 2.0 ~ 3.0 hours, wherein the precision of the filter plate of the primary filtering device is 30PPi, the aluminum alloy melt is degassed on line by using high ~ purity argon after the primary filtering, the rotation speed of the graphite rotor is more than or equal to 450r/min during degassing on line, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy material obtained after degassing on line is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100gAl, and the aluminum alloy material is introduced into the secondary filtering device after degassing on line, and the precision of the filter plate of the secondary filtering device is 50 PPi.
5. the method for preparing the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the soaking treatment in the step (2) is specifically that the furnace gas of the soaking furnace is set to be at a constant temperature of 500 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of a hearth reaches 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 ~ 5 hours, after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature of the furnace gas is set to be 460 +/~ 5 ℃, the heat preservation is started when the temperature of an aluminum alloy ingot is 460 +/~ 5 ℃, the heat preservation is performed for 4 ~ 6 hours, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out after the heat preservation is finished, and the aluminum alloy ingot is naturally cooled to the room temperature after the aluminum alloy ingot;
in the process, the temperature rise rate is 40 ~ 50 ℃/h when the temperature in the hearth is raised from room temperature to 500 ℃.
6. the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating treatment and the hot rough rolling in the step (4) are specifically that an aluminum alloy ingot is placed in a heating furnace, the furnace gas temperature of the heating furnace is 450 +/~ 10 ℃, when the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot reaches 420 ~ 440 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 ~ 5 hours, after the temperature is kept, the aluminum alloy ingot is taken out of the furnace for rolling at 420 ~ 440 ℃, hot rough rolling is carried out by adopting a 1+1 hot continuous rolling machine, cogging is carried out on the hot rough rolling at 420 ~ 440 ℃, 15 ~ 17 reversible rolling passes are carried out on the hot rough rolling, the thickness of each pass is 35 ~ 45mm, the thickness of a finished product obtained after the hot rough rolling is 15 ~ 20mm, and the final temperature after the hot rough rolling is 350 ~ 380 ℃;
in the process, the temperature rise rate of the aluminum alloy ingot in the heating furnace is 30 ~ 40 ℃/h when the temperature is raised from room temperature to 420 ~ 440 ℃.
7. the method for preparing the aluminum alloy plate for the liquefied gas storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure of the emulsion used in the hot rough rolling in the step (4) is 0.4 ~ 0.5MPa, the temperature of the emulsion is 60 ~ 67 ℃, and the mass concentration of the emulsion used is 5.5 ~ 6.5%.
8. use of the aluminum alloy sheet for liquefied gas storage tanks produced by the method for producing an aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1 in liquefied gas storage tanks.
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