CN108977212B - Straw carbomorphism device - Google Patents

Straw carbomorphism device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108977212B
CN108977212B CN201710397760.4A CN201710397760A CN108977212B CN 108977212 B CN108977212 B CN 108977212B CN 201710397760 A CN201710397760 A CN 201710397760A CN 108977212 B CN108977212 B CN 108977212B
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China
Prior art keywords
carbonization
straw
furnace
flue gas
air guide
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CN108977212A (en
Inventor
王伟
张千丰
邓启
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Shenzhen Neng'er Environmental Technology Industrial Development Co ltd
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Shenzhen Neng'er Environmental Technology Industrial Development Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Abstract

The application discloses a straw carbonization device, which comprises a carbonization furnace (1) and a product collecting unit (3) for condensing and recycling pyrolysis flue gas products, wherein a hearth filled with straw is arranged in a furnace body (11) of the carbonization furnace (1), a multi-point temperature measurement thermocouple (16) is arranged in the vertical direction in the furnace body (11), the product collecting unit (3) is communicated with the carbonization furnace (1) through an air guide pipe (30) and an air guide main pipe (38), the air guide pipes (30) are horizontally distributed in the hearth in a layered mode, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the tail end of each layer of air guide pipe (30), and all layers of air guide pipes (30) are converged to the air guide main pipe (38). The application creatively carries out layered regulation and control on the carbonization temperature of the straw carbonization furnace, effectively reduces the carbonization time, improves the efficiency, and simultaneously adjusts the air quantity in the carbonization process to control the carbonization speed, ensures the carbonization to be fully and uniformly, and improves the product quality.

Description

Straw carbomorphism device
Technical Field
The application relates to straw treatment equipment, in particular to a multi-layer temperature-control efficient low-temperature straw carbonization device.
Background
The agricultural crop is a large agricultural country, the crop yield is high, the annual crop straw and other residues are 60-70 trillion tons, the utilization rate is less than 40%, and most of the residues are used as garbage incineration, so that the waste and the environmental pollution are caused. The charcoal for industrial use in China has increasingly increased demand, crop straws are fully utilized, and simultaneously, the crop straws are used as an excellent biomass energy source, so that the charcoal burning of wood is reduced, and forest resources are protected. The existing straw carbonization equipment generally enables straws to be carbonized directly at high temperature, and has long carbonization time, low efficiency and poor charcoal quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the application are as follows: the straw carbonization device solves the problems of low efficiency, long period and low product quality of the existing straw carbonization treatment equipment.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a straw carbomorphism device, including retort, condensation recovery pyrolysis flue gas product's product collection unit, wherein, the furnace body inside of retort has the furnace of filling straw, the inside vertical direction of furnace body sets up the multiple spot temperature measurement thermocouple, product collection unit pass through induced air pipe, induced air house steward with retort intercommunication, induced air pipe level layering distributes in the furnace, every layer of induced air pipe end installation solenoid valve, each layer induced air pipe collection extremely induced air house steward.
In the straw carbonization device, the layering number of the induced draft tube is at least 3 layers, and the number of measuring points of the multi-point temperature measuring couple in the vertical direction is at least 3.
In the straw carbonization device, the layering number of the air guide pipes is consistent with the number of the measuring points of the multi-point temperature measuring couple in the vertical direction, and the layering distribution positions of the air guide pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the measuring point positions of the multi-point temperature measuring couple in the vertical direction; the multi-point temperature measurement couple is in signal connection with the electromagnetic valve arranged at the tail end of each layer of air induction pipe.
In the straw carbonization device, at least 2 groups of air guide pipes are arranged in the hearth, and each group of air guide pipes is at least provided with 3 layers of air guide pipes which are horizontally distributed in the hearth; the air induction pipes of each group are arranged in parallel and side by side along the horizontal direction.
In the straw carbonization device, the air induction pipe and the air induction main pipe are connected in a metal flexible connection mode.
In the straw carbonization device, the product collecting unit comprises an induced air pipe, an induced air main pipe, a first cyclone separator, a condenser, a separator, a fan, a first decoking device and a first gas tank which are connected in sequence, wherein the condenser and the separator are respectively connected with a product pool.
The straw carbonization device further comprises a flue gas dust removal and decoking unit, and the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit is communicated with the bottom of the hearth through an exhaust pipe.
In the straw carbonization device, a cooling spray nozzle is arranged at the top of the hearth, a smoke temperature meter is arranged on the exhaust pipe, and the smoke temperature meter is in signal connection with the cooling spray nozzle.
In the straw carbonization device, the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit comprises a flue gas fan, a second cyclone separator, a water scrubber, a water separator, a second decoking device and a second gas holder which are connected in sequence.
In the straw carbonization device, the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit further comprises a waste liquid pool, and the waste liquid pool is respectively connected with the second cyclone separator, the water scrubber and the water separator.
The implementation of the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The application creatively carries out layered regulation and control on the carbonization temperature of the straw carbonization furnace, effectively reduces the carbonization time and improves the efficiency.
(2) The application adjusts the air quantity in the carbonization process to control the carbonization speed, ensures the carbonization to be fully and uniformly, and improves the product quality.
(3) Tar, flue gas and dust generated in the carbonization process are collected after purification treatment, so that the pollution is avoided, and the resource recycling is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a straw carbonization device according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbonization furnace.
In the figure: 1-carbonization furnace, 11-carbonization furnace body, 12-carbonization furnace cover, 13-furnace bottom grate, 14-blow-down pipe, 15-cooling spray nozzle, 16-multi-point temperature measuring couple, 17-air inlet, 18-feed inlet and outlet, and 19-smoke temperature meter; 2-smoke dust removal and decoking unit, 21-smoke blower, 22-second cyclone separator, 23-water scrubber, 24-water separator, 25-second decoking device, 26-second gas holder, 27-waste liquid pool and 28-exhaust pipe; the device comprises a 3-product collecting unit, a 30-induced air pipe, a 31-first cyclone separator, a 32-condenser, a 33-separator, a 34-fan, a 35-first decoking device, a 36-first gas holder, a 37-product pool and a 38-induced air main pipe.
Detailed Description
The present application will be specifically described with reference to examples.
The application aims at solving the problems of low efficiency, long period and low product quality of the existing straw carbonization treatment equipment, and designs a multi-layer temperature-control efficient low-temperature straw carbonization device which has the advantages of reasonable structure, energy conservation, environmental protection and improvement of the production efficiency and quality of straw carbonization.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the straw carbonization device of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the straw carbonization device comprises a carbonization furnace 1 and a product collection unit 3 for condensing and recycling pyrolysis flue gas products. The furnace body 11 of the carbonization furnace 1 is internally provided with a hearth filled with straw, the vertical direction of the furnace body 11 is provided with a multi-point temperature measurement couple 16, the reaction temperatures of different depths of straw layers are monitored, and the product collecting unit 3 is communicated with the carbonization furnace 1 through an air guide pipe 30 and an air guide main pipe 38. The air guide pipes 30 are horizontally and layered in the hearth, air guide openings are distributed on the air guide pipes 30 in a dispersed mode, the air guide pipes 30 are horizontally and layered inserted into straw layers after straws are filled in the hearth, and smoke of each carbonization layer is collected through the air guide openings of the air guide pipes 30 in the carbonization process. The electromagnetic valve is arranged at the tail end of each layer of air induction pipe 30, all layers of air induction pipes 30 are gathered to the air induction main pipe 38, and the flue gas air induction quantity at different positions of the carbonized layer is controlled by the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve on each layer of air induction pipes of the air induction pipes 30, so that the aim of controlling the temperature of different layers is fulfilled.
In this embodiment, after the stalk is filled in the hearth, the stalk is ignited to begin carbonization, and is limited by the heating mode, the stalk of each layer is difficult to be heated uniformly, the air induction pipe 30 distributed in layers controls the air induction quantity of the fume through the opening of the electromagnetic valve, the air induction quantity is large when the temperature is high, the temperature of the local carbonization layer is reduced faster, the air induction quantity is small when the temperature is low, the temperature of the local carbonization layer is reduced slower, and the purpose of uniform temperature of different layers is achieved.
Preferably, the layering number of the induced draft tube 30 is at least 3, namely, the straw in the hearth is at least divided into 3 different carbonization layers, the number of measuring points of the multi-point temperature measuring couple 16 in the vertical direction is at least 3, the temperature conditions of the carbonization layers at different positions are respectively measured, and the temperature of the carbonization layers at different positions is accurately controlled by adjusting the induced draft amount of each layer of induced draft tube 30, so that the carbonization is fully and uniformly ensured, and the product quality is improved.
It should be especially noted that the number of layers of the air guiding pipe 30 can be 4, 5 or more, and the method is especially suitable for large-scale production equipment, when the volume of the hearth is larger, the temperature difference between different carbonization layers in the hearth can be larger, the heating condition in the hearth can be controlled more accurately by the air guiding pipe 30 with more layers, the carbonization speed of the carbonization layers at different positions can be controlled by adjusting the air guiding quantity in the carbonization process, and the heating uniformity can be improved.
Preferably, the layering number of the induced draft tube 30 is consistent with the number of the measuring points of the multi-point thermocouple 16 in the vertical direction, and the layering distribution positions of the induced draft tube 30 are in one-to-one correspondence with the measuring point positions of the multi-point thermocouple 16 in the vertical direction; the multi-point temperature measurement couple 16 is in signal connection with the electromagnetic valve installed at the tail end of each layer of air induction pipe 30, and because of the one-to-one correspondence between the air induction pipes 30 and the temperature measurement points of the multi-point temperature measurement couple 16, each carbonization layer is provided with a temperature sensor, the air induction quantity of the flue gas at different positions of the carbonization layer is controlled by the opening of the valve on the air induction pipe at different positions of the air induction pipe 30, the purpose of controlling the temperature of different carbonization layers is achieved, and the carbonization reaction speed is controlled by controlling the total air induction quantity of the flue gas of the fan 21.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbonization furnace body, as shown in fig. 2, at least 2 sets of air guiding pipes 30 are arranged in a furnace chamber, and each set of air guiding pipes 30 are arranged in parallel and side by side along a horizontal direction, and the furnace chamber of the large-scale production equipment has a larger volume, similar to the arrangement of multiple layers of air guiding pipes 30 in the previous embodiment, the arrangement of multiple layers of air guiding pipes 30 can realize uniform temperature in a vertical direction, and multiple sets of air guiding pipes 30 arranged in parallel and side by side along the horizontal direction can ensure uniform temperature in the horizontal direction, so that the furnace chamber is uniformly heated as a whole. Preferably, the air induction pipes 30 and the air induction main pipes 38 are connected in a metal soft connection mode, each layer of air induction pipes 30 are respectively and flexibly connected with the air induction main pipes 38, each group of air induction pipes 30 are also respectively and flexibly connected with the air induction main pipes 38, collection of flue gas at each position in a hearth is realized, and finally, the flue gas is intensively introduced into the product collecting unit 3 for condensation recovery.
In another preferred embodiment of the present application, the product collecting unit 3 comprises an induced draft pipe 30, an induced draft main pipe 38, a first cyclone separator 31, a condenser 32, a separator 33, a fan 34, a first decoking device 35, a first air tank 36, which are connected in sequence, and the condenser 32 and the separator 33 are connected with a product tank 37, respectively. The flue gas enters a first cyclone separator 31 for separation through an air guiding pipe 30, then enters a condenser 32 for cooling and separation, the separated non-condensable gas enters a separator 33 for separating entrained partial liquid products, then is pressurized through a fan 34, tar is removed through a first tar remover 35, and the obtained fuel gas is stored in a first gas cabinet 36. The condensed and separated liquid product is discharged to a product tank 37 for storage. And finally, product collection and flue gas purification are realized through a reasonably optimized adjusting means. It should be specifically noted that the structure of the product collecting unit 3 of the present embodiment is merely illustrative, and other product collecting units 3 having condensation recovery function are also applicable to the straw carbonization device of the present application.
In another preferred embodiment of the application, the straw carbonization device further comprises a flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2, and the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2 is communicated with the bottom of the hearth through an exhaust pipe 28. And the carbonization is started by ignition, the generated flue gas in the carbonization process passes through the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2 and the product collection unit 3, and the reaction degree and time of the carbonization furnace are controlled by adjusting the flue gas inlet amount of the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2 and the product collection unit 3, so that the product collection and the flue gas purification are realized.
Preferably, the top of the hearth is provided with a cooling spray head 15, the exhaust pipe 28 is provided with a flue gas temperature meter 19, and the flue gas temperature meter 19 is in signal connection with the cooling spray head 15. The cooling spray head 15 is used for controlling carbonization temperature, and the flue gas temperature meter 19 senses that the flue gas temperature is higher than the limit value and opens spraying cooling. The flue gas temperature meter 19 monitors the temperature of the flue gas at the bottom of the furnace, and controls and regulates the air quantity of the flue gas machine 21.
In the embodiment, the carbonization furnace 1 comprises a carbonization furnace body 11, a carbonization furnace cover 12, a furnace bottom grate 13, a blow-off pipe 14, a cooling spray head 15, a multi-point temperature measurement couple 16, an air inlet hole 17, a feed inlet and outlet 18 and a flue gas thermometer 19; the straw is flatly filled on the furnace bottom grate 13 through the feeding and discharging hole 18, the feeding and discharging hole 18 is positioned on the left side furnace body of the carbonization furnace 1, and a sliding translation door structure is adopted, so that feeding and discharging are facilitated. The multi-point temperature measurement couple 16 is vertically inserted into the straw layer, the reaction temperatures of different depths of the straw layer are monitored, the rectangular carbonization furnace cover 12 is provided with an air inlet hole 17 and a cooling spray head 15, the air inlet hole 17 ensures the oxygen content in the carbonization furnace in the carbonization process, the cooling spray head 15 is used for controlling the carbonization temperature, and the flue gas temperature is higher than the limit value and is opened for spraying and cooling. The flue gas temperature meter 19 monitors the temperature of the flue gas at the bottom of the furnace, and controls and regulates the air quantity of the flue gas machine 21. The drain pipe 14 is at the bottom of the furnace for furnace cleaning.
In another preferred embodiment of the present application, the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2 comprises a flue gas fan 21, a second cyclone separator 22, a water scrubber 23, a water separator 24, a second decoker 25 and a second gas holder 26 which are connected in sequence. Preferably, the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit 2 further comprises a waste liquid tank 27, and the waste liquid tank 27 is respectively connected with the second cyclone separator 22, the water scrubber 23 and the water separator 24. Part of flue gas in the carbonization process is led out from the bottom of a hearth by a flue gas fan 21, dust in the flue gas is separated by a second cyclone separator 22, and then the flue gas is washed by water in a water washing tower 23, so that dust and polluted gas CO are further removed 2 、SO 2 And the like, after water is separated by the water separator 24, the water enters the second coke remover 25 for static coke removal, and the gas after coke removal is stored in the second gas holder 26 and is used as life or industrial fuel. The waste water and dust in the production process are uniformly discharged into a waste liquid pool 27, and the treated waste water and dust reach the standard and are discharged.
The above examples further illustrate the content of the application but should not be construed as limiting the application. Modifications and substitutions to the method, steps or conditions of the application without departing from the spirit and nature of the application are intended to be within the scope of the application. The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise indicated.

Claims (9)

1. The straw carbonization device is characterized by comprising a carbonization furnace (1) and a product collecting unit (3) for condensing and recycling pyrolysis smoke products, wherein a hearth filled with straw is arranged in a furnace body (11) of the carbonization furnace (1), a multi-point temperature measurement thermocouple (16) is arranged in the vertical direction in the furnace body (11), the product collecting unit (3) is communicated with the carbonization furnace (1) through an air guide pipe (30) and an air guide main pipe (38), the air guide pipes (30) are horizontally distributed in the hearth in a layered mode, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the tail end of each layer of air guide pipe (30), and all layers of air guide pipes (30) are converged to the air guide main pipe (38);
the layering number of the induced draft tube (30) is consistent with the number of the measuring points of the multi-point thermocouple (16) in the vertical direction, and the layering distribution positions of the induced draft tube (30) are in one-to-one correspondence with the measuring point positions of the multi-point thermocouple (16) in the vertical direction; the multi-point temperature measurement couple (16) is in signal connection with the electromagnetic valve arranged at the tail end of each layer of the air guiding pipe (30).
2. The straw carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of layers of the induced draft tube (30) is at least 3, and the number of measuring points of the multi-point thermocouple (16) in the vertical direction is at least 3.
3. The straw carbonization device according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that at least 2 sets of air guiding pipes (30) are arranged in the furnace, each set of air guiding pipes (30) is provided with at least 3 layers horizontally distributed in the furnace; the air induction pipes (30) of each group are arranged in parallel and side by side along the horizontal direction.
4. Straw carbonization device according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that the air duct (30) and the air header (38) are connected by means of a metal flexible connection.
5. Straw carbonization device according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that the product collection unit (3) comprises an induced draft tube (30), an induced draft header (38), a first cyclone separator (31), a condenser (32), a separator (33), a fan (34), a first decoking device (35), a first gas tank (36) connected in sequence, the condenser (32) and the separator (33) being connected with a product tank (37) respectively.
6. The straw carbonization device according to any of claims 1-2, further comprising a flue gas dust removal and decoking unit (2), said flue gas dust removal and decoking unit (2) being in communication with the bottom of the furnace via an exhaust pipe (28).
7. The straw carbonization device according to claim 6, characterized in that a cooling spray head (15) is arranged at the top of the hearth, a flue gas temperature meter (19) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (28), and the flue gas temperature meter (19) is in signal connection with the cooling spray head (15).
8. The straw carbonization device according to claim 6, characterized in that the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit (2) comprises a flue gas fan (21), a second cyclone separator (22), a water scrubber (23), a water separator (24), a second decoker (25) and a second gas holder (26) which are connected in sequence.
9. The straw carbonization device according to claim 8, characterized in that the flue gas dust removal and decoking unit (2) further comprises a waste liquid pool (27), wherein the waste liquid pool (27) is respectively connected with the second cyclone separator (22), the water scrubber (23) and the water separator (24).
CN201710397760.4A 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Straw carbomorphism device Active CN108977212B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111363574A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-07-03 上海西马人钻石精密工具有限公司 Charcoal is fired and is used kiln system

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006241425A (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Adachi Yoshie Closed electric heating type drying and dry-distilling carbonization furnace for use in infectious medical waste
CN200949091Y (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-09-19 江国庆 Carbonizing stove apparatus capable of firing high-heating charcoal
CN101186833A (en) * 2007-11-29 2008-05-28 南京林业大学 Method for simultaneously preparing charcoal, gas and liquid products from crop straw and application thereof
CN202054794U (en) * 2011-06-07 2011-11-30 辉南县新时代生物质能炭化有限公司 Recovery device for using straws to produce carbon, gas and byproducts
CN202390373U (en) * 2011-12-20 2012-08-22 宁夏华辉活性炭股份有限公司 Equipment for producing carbonized materials

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006241425A (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Adachi Yoshie Closed electric heating type drying and dry-distilling carbonization furnace for use in infectious medical waste
CN200949091Y (en) * 2006-04-12 2007-09-19 江国庆 Carbonizing stove apparatus capable of firing high-heating charcoal
CN101186833A (en) * 2007-11-29 2008-05-28 南京林业大学 Method for simultaneously preparing charcoal, gas and liquid products from crop straw and application thereof
CN202054794U (en) * 2011-06-07 2011-11-30 辉南县新时代生物质能炭化有限公司 Recovery device for using straws to produce carbon, gas and byproducts
CN202390373U (en) * 2011-12-20 2012-08-22 宁夏华辉活性炭股份有限公司 Equipment for producing carbonized materials

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