CN108976307B - Extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting pitaya peel polysaccharide, which adopts a method combining cold water leaching at 22-28 ℃ and ethanol precipitation, adds water at 22-28 ℃ into pitaya peel, carries out pulping, uses ethanol for precipitation, then uses sevage reagent to remove protein in crude polysaccharide, and finely extracts the polysaccharide, and in the process, hot water treatment is not carried out on the pitaya peel, so that the influence of water temperature on the structure and activity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is greatly reduced, the extraction efficiency is ensured, the biological activity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is retained to the maximum extent, the scavenging capacity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide on DPPH free radicals is more than 91%, the scavenging capacity of superoxide anion free radicals is more than 91%, and the scavenging capacity of hydroxyl free radicals is more than 86%. The extraction method of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide reaches 13.88%, and the retention rate of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide in the decoloring process is more than 82%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fruit deep processing, and particularly relates to a method for extracting pitaya peel polysaccharide.
Background
Pitaya, belonging to the family Cactaceae, is native to Central America and introduced into China as a tropical and subtropical fruit. The dragon fruit contains a large amount of plant polysaccharide, and researches show that the plant polysaccharide has various biological activities such as oxidation resistance, immunoregulation, tumor resistance, blood sugar reduction, bacteriostasis and the like. At present, documents on the aspect of dragon fruit stem and pulp polysaccharide are reported, and no relevant report is reported on the aspect of extraction of dragon fruit peel polysaccharide. The extraction method of plant polysaccharide mainly comprises a hot water extraction method, an ultrasonic wave auxiliary method, a microwave auxiliary method and the like. The hot water extraction method is characterized in that the pitaya polysaccharide is extracted by utilizing the characteristic that the solubility of the pitaya polysaccharide in hot water of about 120 ℃ is optimal, however, at the temperature, the activity of the pitaya polysaccharide can be damaged to a certain degree, and the oxidation resistance and the free radical removing capacity of the pitaya polysaccharide can be greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively extract the polysaccharide in the pitaya peel and not destroy the biological activity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide as far as possible, the method utilizes a cold water method to extract the pitaya peel polysaccharide so as to prepare the pitaya peel polysaccharide with high activity and strong oxidation resistance.
The invention aims to provide an extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide.
The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) taking pitaya peel, cutting, adding water with the weight of 12-18 times and the temperature of 22-28 ℃, pulping to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5-4.5 times of the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 100-150min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing for 3-4 times by using the ethanol solution, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel;
(3) adding the crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (2) into water with the temperature of 22-28 ℃, stirring and dissolving, wherein the weight of the water is 12-18 times of that of the pitaya peel, and obtaining a crude polysaccharide water solution of the pitaya peel;
(4) preparing a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide aqueous solution obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide aqueous solution to the sevage reagent is 3.5-4.5:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2-3 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) and (4) adding an ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5-4.5 times that of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 100min and 150min, centrifuging, and collecting precipitates to obtain the pitaya peel polysaccharide.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide in the embodiment of the invention, preferably, the steps further comprise: adding the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (7) into water, stirring and dissolving, wherein the temperature of the water is 22-28 ℃, the weight of the water is 12-18 times of the weight of the dragon fruit peel, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution, the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the water is 1.8-2.2:1, heating in a water bath at the temperature of 58-62 ℃ for 1.8-2.2h, adding an ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5-4.5 times, standing for 50-70min, centrifuging, collecting precipitates, and freeze-drying to obtain the decolorized dragon fruit peel polysaccharide; preferably, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3.5-5%, and the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 65-75%.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide, the freeze drying time is preferably 3.5-4.5 hours.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, preferably, the water content of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is lower than 10%.
The extraction and decoloration method of dragon fruit peel polysaccharide provided by the invention utilizes a method of combining cold water and ethanol, water extraction and alcohol precipitation are carried out, then sevage reagent is utilized to remove impurities, refined polysaccharide is obtained, the dragon fruit peel does not pass through hot water in the process, the structure and activity of the polysaccharide in the dragon fruit peel are effectively retained, the yield of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide by the extraction method of dragon fruit peel polysaccharide provided by the invention reaches 13.88%, the variegated color of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide is effectively removed in the decoloration process of the dragon fruit peel, a good decoloration effect is achieved by adjusting the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the decoloration temperature and time, the retention rate of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide in the decoloration process is more than 82%, the decoloration rate is more than 88%, and the decoloration rate can reach 90.2%.
Wherein the yield (%) of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is M/M multiplied by 100%, and M is the mass of the dried pitaya peel polysaccharide; m is the mass of the dried pitaya peel.
The polysaccharide retention rate (%) of the pitaya peel is X1/X0X 100%, and X1 and X0 are the yield of the pitaya peel polysaccharide before and after decolorization respectively.
The decolorization rate (A1-A0)/A1 x 100% and A1 and A0 are the absorbance of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution at 450nm before and after the hydrogen peroxide decolorization respectively.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide, the centrifugation speed is preferably 5000-.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide, which is the specific embodiment of the invention, in the step (1), the pulping time is preferably 5-10 min.
According to the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide in the embodiment of the invention, preferably, in the step (3), the stirring speed is 100-200r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5 min.
According to the extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide in the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the step (4), the preparation method of the sevage reagent is as follows: and (3) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 3.5-4.5:1 to obtain the sevage reagent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for extracting pitaya peel polysaccharide, which adopts a method combining cold water leaching at 22-28 ℃ and ethanol precipitation, adds water at 22-28 ℃ into pitaya peel, carries out pulping, uses ethanol for precipitation, then uses sevage reagent to remove protein in crude polysaccharide, and finely extracts the polysaccharide, and in the process, hot water treatment is not carried out on the pitaya peel, so that the influence of water temperature on the structure and activity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is greatly reduced, the extraction efficiency is ensured, the biological activity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is retained to the maximum extent, the scavenging capacity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide on DPPH free radicals is more than 91%, the scavenging capacity of superoxide anion free radicals is more than 91%, and the scavenging capacity of hydroxyl free radicals is more than 86%. The extraction method of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide reaches 13.88%, the variegated color of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide is effectively removed in the decolorization process of the dragon fruit peel, the good decolorization effect is achieved by adjusting the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the temperature and time of decolorization, the retention rate of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide in the decolorization process is more than 82%, and the decolorization rate is more than 88%.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 20g of clean pitaya peel, chopping, adding 240mL of water at the temperature of 22 ℃, pulping to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5 times of the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 100min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing for 3 times by using the ethanol solution, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate to obtain crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide;
(3) adding the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (2) into 240mL of water with the temperature of 22 ℃, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide water solution;
(4) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 3.5:1 to obtain a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel to the sevage reagent is 3.5:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) and (4) adding an ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5 times that of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 100min, centrifuging, and collecting precipitates to obtain the pitaya peel polysaccharide.
The polysaccharide yield of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 11.33%.
Example 2
(1) Taking 20g of clean pitaya peel, chopping, adding 360mL of water at the temperature of 28 ℃, pulping to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding ethanol solution with the volume 4.5 times of the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 150min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing with ethanol solution for 4 times, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide of pitaya peel;
(3) adding the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (2) into 360mL of water with the temperature of 28 ℃, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide water solution;
(4) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 4.5:1 to obtain a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel to the sevage reagent is 4.5:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 3 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) and (4) adding an ethanol solution with the volume 4.5 times that of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 150min, centrifuging, and collecting precipitates to obtain the pitaya peel polysaccharide.
The polysaccharide yield of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 11.82%.
Example 3
The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 20g of clean pitaya peel, chopping, adding 300mL of water at the temperature of 25 ℃, pulping for 5min to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding 4 times volume of 65% ethanol solution into the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 120min, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, washing for 3 times by using 65% ethanol solution, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, and obtaining crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide;
(3) adding the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (2) into 300mL of water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and stirring for dissolving to obtain a crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide water solution;
(4) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 4:1 to obtain a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel to the sevage reagent is 4:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 5min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging for 5min at the speed of 6000r/min, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) adding an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 65% 4 times of the volume of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 120min, centrifuging for 10min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and collecting precipitates to obtain pitaya peel polysaccharide;
(8) adding the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (7) into 300mL of water, stirring and dissolving the pitaya peel polysaccharide at the temperature of 25 ℃, adding 4% of hydrogen peroxide, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the water is 2:1, heating the mixture in a water bath at 60 ℃ for 2h, adding a 4-time volume of 65% ethanol solution, standing the mixture for 60min, centrifuging the mixture at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitates, and freeze-drying the precipitates for 4h to obtain the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide, wherein the water content of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 8%.
The polysaccharide yield of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 13.88%, the decolorization rate is 90.2%, and the pitaya peel polysaccharide retention rate is 82.39%.
Example 4
The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 20g of clean pitaya peel, chopping, adding 300mL of water at the temperature of 25 ℃, pulping for 5min to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding 4 times volume of 75% ethanol solution into the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 120min, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, washing for 3 times by using 75% ethanol solution, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, and obtaining crude polysaccharide of pitaya peel;
(3) adding the crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (2) into 300mL of water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and stirring at the speed of 100r/min for 5min until the crude polysaccharide is dissolved to obtain a crude polysaccharide water solution of the pitaya peel;
(4) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 4:1 to obtain a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel to the sevage reagent is 4:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 5min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging for 5min at the speed of 6000r/min, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) adding an ethanol solution with volume fraction of 75% 4 times of the volume of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 120min, centrifuging for 10min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and collecting precipitates to obtain pitaya peel polysaccharide;
(8) adding the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (7) into 240mL of water, stirring and dissolving the pitaya peel polysaccharide at the temperature of 22 ℃, adding 3.5% of hydrogen peroxide, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the water is 1.8:1, heating the mixture in a water bath at the temperature of 58 ℃ for 2.2 hours, adding 3.5 times of ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, standing the mixture for 50 minutes, centrifuging the mixture at the speed of 5000r/min for 12 minutes, collecting precipitates, and freeze-drying the precipitates for 3.5 hours to obtain the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide, wherein the water content of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 8%.
The polysaccharide yield of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 13.88%, the decolorization rate is 88.63%, and the pitaya peel polysaccharide retention rate is 82.36%.
Example 5
The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 20g of clean pitaya peel, chopping, adding 300mL of water at the temperature of 25 ℃, pulping for 10min to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding 4 times volume of 75% ethanol solution into the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 120min, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, washing for 3 times by using 75% ethanol solution, centrifuging at the speed of 6000r/min for 10min, collecting precipitate, and obtaining crude polysaccharide of pitaya peel;
(3) adding the crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (2) into 300mL of water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and stirring at the speed of 200r/min for 3min until the crude polysaccharide is dissolved to obtain a crude polysaccharide water solution of the pitaya peel;
(4) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 4:1 to obtain a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude polysaccharide aqueous solution of the pitaya peel to the sevage reagent is 4:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 5min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging for 5min at the speed of 6000r/min, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) adding an ethanol solution with volume fraction of 75% 4 times of the volume of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 120min, centrifuging for 10min at the rotating speed of 6000r/min, and collecting precipitates to obtain pitaya peel polysaccharide;
(8) adding the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained in the step (7) into 360mL of water, stirring and dissolving the pitaya peel polysaccharide at the temperature of 28 ℃, adding 5% hydrogen peroxide, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the water is 2.2:1, heating the mixture in a water bath at 62 ℃ for 1.8h, adding 4.5 times of ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, standing the mixture for 70min, centrifuging the mixture at the speed of 8000r/min for 8min, collecting precipitates, and freeze-drying the precipitates for 4.5h to obtain the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide, wherein the water content of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 9.5%.
The polysaccharide yield of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is 13.88%, the decolorization rate is 89.23%, and the pitaya peel polysaccharide retention rate is 82.32%.
Test examples
Taking 20g of pitaya peel, chopping, adding 300mL of water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃, pulping, then adding 65% of ethanol solution by volume fraction, centrifuging, taking supernatant, adding sevage reagent, centrifuging, and decolorizing to obtain the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide. The decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained in the example 3 and the test example is respectively weighed and added into water with the temperature of 25 ℃ to prepare pitaya peel polysaccharide solutions with the concentrations of 0.2mg/mL, 0.8mg/mL, 2.0mg/mL, 3.0mg/mL, 4.0mg/mL and 5.0mg/mL, and the antioxidant capacity of the pitaya peel polysaccharide solutions is respectively represented. Table 1 shows the results of DPPH radical scavenging ability, table 2 shows the results of radical scavenging ability of peroxide anions, and table 3 shows the results of radical scavenging ability of hydroxyl radicals.
TABLE 1DPPH radical scavenging Capacity
TABLE 2 scavenging capacity of superoxide anion
| Pitaya peel polysaccharide concentration | Example 3 (%) | Test example (%) |
| 0.2mg/mL | 91.03 | 71.91 |
| 0.4mg/mL | 93.56 | 73.86 |
| 0.6mg/mL | 94.05 | 75.24 |
| 0.8mg/mL | 93.76 | 75.23 |
| 1.0mg/mL | 94.24 | 74.44 |
| 1.2mg/mL | 94.21 | 75.31 |
TABLE 3 scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical
| Pitaya peel polysaccharide concentration | Example 3 (%) | Test example (%) |
| 0.2mg/mL | 35.05 | 30.04 |
| 0.4mg/mL | 86.67 | 69.35 |
| 0.6mg/mL | 92.78 | 74.11 |
| 0.8mg/mL | 92.43 | 73.42 |
| 1.0mg/mL | 93.58 | 74.06 |
| 1.2mg/mL | 93.47 | 73.76 |
From the results in tables 1-3, it can be seen that the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained by the extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the invention can effectively remove free radicals and has good oxidation resistance compared with the pitaya peel polysaccharide extracted by hot water. When the concentration of the pitaya peel polysaccharide reaches more than 0.2mg/mL, the capacity of removing DPPH free radicals is more than 91.5%, and when the concentration of the pitaya peel polysaccharide reaches more than 0.8mg/mL, the capacity of removing DPPH free radicals can reach 96.07%, while the capacity of removing DPPH free radicals by utilizing the pitaya peel polysaccharide extracted by hot water is about 75%, and the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the invention has higher oxidation resistance and bioactivity on the DPPH free radicals than the pitaya peel polysaccharide extracted by the hot water method; the removing capability of the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the invention on superoxide anion free radicals is above 91.03%, and the removing capability of the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained by a hot water method on the superoxide anion free radicals is about 73%; the removing capability of the pitaya peel polysaccharide on hydroxyl free radicals is over 86.67 percent when the concentration of the pitaya peel polysaccharide reaches over 0.8mg/mL, and the removing capability of the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained by a hot water method on the hydroxyl free radicals is about 70 percent; the removing capability of the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the invention on DPPH free radicals, peroxide anion free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals is far higher than that of the pitaya peel polysaccharide obtained by a hot water method, so that the pitaya peel polysaccharide provided by the invention has good oxidation resistance and bioactivity.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The extraction method of the pitaya peel polysaccharide is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) taking pitaya peel, cutting, adding water with the weight of 12-18 times and the temperature of 22-28 ℃, pulping to obtain pitaya peel pulp, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(2) adding ethanol solution with the volume of 3.5-4.5 times of the supernatant obtained in the step (1), standing for 100-150min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing for 3-4 times by using the ethanol solution, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel;
(3) adding the crude polysaccharide of the pitaya peel obtained in the step (2) into water with the temperature of 22-28 ℃, stirring and dissolving, wherein the weight of the water is 12-18 times of that of the pitaya peel, and obtaining a crude polysaccharide water solution of the pitaya peel;
(4) preparing a sevage reagent;
(5) adding the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide aqueous solution obtained in the step (3) into the sevage reagent obtained in the step (4), wherein the volume ratio of the crude dragon fruit peel polysaccharide aqueous solution to the sevage reagent is 3.5-4.5:1, uniformly mixing, centrifuging, and taking supernatant;
(6) mixing the supernatant obtained in the step (5) with a sevage reagent, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, and repeating for 2-3 times to obtain a pitaya peel polysaccharide solution;
(7) adding 3.5-4.5 times of ethanol solution into the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide solution obtained in the step (6), standing for 100-150min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate to obtain dragon fruit peel polysaccharide, adding the dragon fruit peel polysaccharide into water, stirring and dissolving, adding hydrogen peroxide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the water is 1.8-2.2:1, heating in a water bath at 58-62 ℃ for 1.8-2.2h, adding 3.5-4.5 times of ethanol solution, standing for 50-70min, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain the decolorized dragon fruit peel polysaccharide.
2. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 3.5-5%.
3. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution used in the extraction method is 65-75%.
4. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the freeze-drying time is 3.5-4.5 h.
5. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the decolorized pitaya peel polysaccharide is less than 10%.
6. The method for extracting pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centrifugation rate is 5000-.
7. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the pulping time is 5-10 min.
8. The method for extracting pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the stirring speed is 100-200r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5 min.
9. The extraction method of pitaya peel polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the preparation method of the sevage reagent comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing chloroform and n-butanol in a volume ratio of 3.5-4.5:1 to obtain the sevage reagent.
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| "火龙果皮提取物抗氧化能力的研究";张平;《安徽农学通报》;20171215;第23卷(第21期);第110-112、141页 * |
| "火龙果茎多糖的超高压提取及抗氧化活性研究";郭淼等;《热带作物学报》;20170725;第38卷(第7期);第1371-1376页 * |
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