CN108975646B - Oil sludge demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Oil sludge demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108975646B CN108975646B CN201811059228.2A CN201811059228A CN108975646B CN 108975646 B CN108975646 B CN 108975646B CN 201811059228 A CN201811059228 A CN 201811059228A CN 108975646 B CN108975646 B CN 108975646B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil sludge demulsifier, which consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8-22% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; 10-25% of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether; 10-20% of AE type surfactant; 10-30% of turpentine; 0.5 to 2.5 percent of alkali; the balance being water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier and application of the oil sludge demulsifier in treating oil sludge. All the raw materials supplement each other and are mutually synergistic, so that the reduction and the resource treatment of the oily sludge can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of demulsifiers, in particular to an oil sludge demulsifier, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
During the process of oil extraction, gathering, refining and oily sewage treatment, a great deal of oily black solid and semisolid waste, called oil sludge, is produced, and the main components of the oil sludge are oil, mud and water. The solid particle size in the sludge can range from under microns to several inches, mostly between 1 and 100 microns, the composition of the oil depends on the crude oil type, refinery configuration and operating conditions, and the composition of the sludge can vary over time. According to statistics, the oil sludge produced in China is nearly 300 ten thousand tons every year, and the crude oil resource contained in the oil sludge is about 60 ten thousand tons. The oil sludge contains a large amount of aged crude oil, wax and colloid substances, and also contains a large amount of poisonous and harmful substances such as benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin and the like. In addition, the oil sludge also contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria and parasites, and if the oil sludge is not reasonably and effectively treated, not only can the petroleum resource be wasted, but also the environment can be seriously polluted.
The prior technology for treating the oily sludge mainly comprises resource recovery, harmless treatment, comprehensive utilization technology and the like. The resource recovery treatment technology comprises a solvent extraction method, a water washing method, a microemulsion washing method, a demulsification method and the like. The harmless treatment technology of the oil sludge comprises the technologies of immobilization treatment, biological treatment, incineration and the like. Comprehensive utilization techniques include pyrolysis, brick-making paving, and other uses.
Because the chemical demulsifier has the advantages of high activity, quick response and the like, the addition of the demulsifier is the most common demulsification method at present. The conventional demulsifier mainly has the defects of low oil recovery rate, poor biodegradability and the like.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107216008A discloses an oil-containing sludge demulsifier, which comprises the following components: citric acid, emulsifier, penetrant, tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, inorganic salt, sodium silicate, alkali and water; the weight ratio of each component is as follows: 11 to 20 percent of citric acid, 3.5 to 10 percent of emulsifier, 25 to 35 percent of penetrant, 6.5 to 15 percent of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt, 1.5 to 5 percent of inorganic salt, 5 to 8 percent of sodium silicate, 0.5 to 5 percent of alkali and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is one hundred percent. The demulsifier has various raw materials and complex preparation process.
Chinese patent document with publication number CN106190229A discloses a high-efficiency demulsifier for super heavy oil, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14-19 parts of C10-16-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 12-17 parts of tetraethylenepentamine polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, 7-13 parts of nonylphenol polyether-10 phosphate, 5-10 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 6-12 parts of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer, 4-8 parts of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether hexalaurate, 3-6 parts of polyacrylamide dimethyl taurinate, 5-9 parts of sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate and 4-7 parts of N-propyl-perfluorooctyl sulfonamide potassium glutamate. The demulsifier has various raw material types and complex preparation process, and has unsatisfactory treatment effect on oily sludge with high solid content.
Disclosure of Invention
The oil sludge demulsifier provided by the invention has the advantages of simple formula, green and environment-friendly raw materials, good demulsification effect and high oil recovery rate.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the invention adopts various nonionic surfactant combined medicaments to break the stability of the oily sludge, can promote the effective separation of oil, water and solid phases through the combined medicaments, enables crude oil to be stripped from the form of oil-in-mud or oil-in-mud, realizes the reduction and resource treatment of the oily sludge, and has lower oil content in a solid phase and a water phase after separation.
Five of alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, AE type surfactant, alkali and turpentine supplement each other, but only if the five are in a proper proportion range, the oil sludge demulsifier formed has a good demulsification effect.
Preferably, the oil sludge demulsifier is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the oil sludge demulsifier with the formula has a better demulsification effect, a higher oil phase recovery rate and a lower oil content in a solid phase.
Further preferably, the oil sludge demulsifier is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
in the oil sludge demulsifier, alkylphenol ethoxylates has high chemical stability, is not easy to be damaged by strong acid and strong base, and has good emulsification and dispersion properties.
Preferably, in the alkylphenol ethoxylates, the number of carbon atoms in an alkyl group is 7-12; more preferably, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene is octylphenol polyoxyethylene.
The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether has excellent emulsifying, dispersing and solubilizing performances.
Preferably, in the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, the carbon number of the fatty amine is 12-18; more preferably, the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether is octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether.
The AE type surfactant is suitable for dewatering water-in-oil type crude oil emulsion and is characterized by high dewatering speed.
Preferably, the AE type surfactant is polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether.
The turpentine oil has similar intermiscibility effect on oil in the oil sludge, and can improve the solubility of the oil. The boiling range of turpentine is an important factor influencing the demulsification effect of the oil sludge demulsifier.
Preferably, the boiling range of the turpentine is 120-170 ℃.
When the boiling range of turpentine is too high or too low, the recovery rate of oil is not ideal.
The alkali has good permeability and dispersibility.
Preferably, the alkali is sodium silicate. The sodium silicate can be solid powdered sodium silicate or sodium silicate solution.
One preferred technical scheme is as follows:
an oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the boiling range of the turpentine is 120-170 ℃.
In the oil sludge demulsifier, alkylphenol ethoxylates has high chemical stability, is not easy to be damaged by strong acid and strong base, and has good emulsification and dispersion properties; the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether has excellent emulsifying, dispersing and solubilizing performances; the AE type surfactant is suitable for the dehydration of the water-in-oil type crude oil emulsion and is characterized by high dehydration speed; the turpentine oil has similar intermiscibility effect on oil in the oil sludge, and the solubility of the oil can be improved; the alkali has good permeability and dispersibility. The five substances supplement each other and act synergistically to realize the reduction and recycling treatment of the oily sludge.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the formula amount of alkali in part of formula amount of water to obtain an alkali solution;
(2) adding alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether and AE type surfactant in the formula ratio into the alkali solution, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding turpentine oil with a formula amount into the solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly dispersing, adding the rest amount of water, heating to 30-50 ℃, and continuously stirring for reaction;
(4) and stopping stirring after the reaction is finished, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
The oil sludge demulsifier can be applied to harmless treatment of tank bottom oil sludge, floating slag and activated sludge, can also be applied to treatment of various oil-containing sludge generated by oil exploitation, storage and transportation enterprises, and is particularly suitable for heavy oil sludge with high oil content.
The invention also provides an application of the oil sludge demulsifier in treating oil sludge, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the solid-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to be 1: 6-10, and adding 5-10% of an oil sludge demulsifier based on the weight of the oil sludge;
(2) heating to 50-85 deg.C, stirring and reacting for 30-60 min;
(3) and standing after the reaction is finished, and separating oil, water and solid phases.
Preferably, in the step (1), the solid-liquid ratio of the oil sludge is adjusted to be 1: 8.
Preferably, in the step (1), 6% of the oil sludge demulsifier is added based on the weight of the oil sludge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the oil sludge demulsifier, alkylphenol ethoxylates has high chemical stability, is not easy to be damaged by strong acid and strong base, and has good emulsification and dispersion properties; the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether has excellent emulsifying, dispersing and solubilizing performances; the AE type surfactant is suitable for the dehydration of the water-in-oil type crude oil emulsion and is characterized by high dehydration speed; the turpentine oil has similar intermiscibility effect on oil in the oil sludge, and the solubility of the oil can be improved; the alkali has good permeability and dispersibility. The five substances supplement each other and act synergistically to realize the reduction and recycling treatment of the oily sludge;
(2) in the oil sludge demulsifier disclosed by the invention, the material is easy to obtain, the demulsification effect is good, the oil recovery rate is high, the oil sludge pollution removal rate is high, the production cost is low, and the oil sludge demulsifier is green and environment-friendly;
(3) the preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier is simple and convenient;
(4) after being treated by the oil sludge demulsifier, the oil phase has high recovery rate, and the residual oil content in the water phase and the solid phase is lower, thereby being convenient for subsequent further treatment.
Detailed Description
In the experiment, oily sludge in an oil field in North China is taken as a research object, and the oily sludge contains 54.28 percent of total oil, 22.10 percent of water and 23.62 percent of solid matter in percentage by weight and is heavy oil sludge.
Example 1
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16% of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 20% of turpentine (boiling range is 120-170 ℃), 1.5% of sodium silicate and 28.5% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 1.5% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 16% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, reacting for 30 minutes under heat preservation, finally adding 20% of turpentine boiling range (120-170 ℃), adding the rest water after uniform dispersion, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-80 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content in the mud is 2.08% and the oil recovery rate is 92.57% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Example 2
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 10% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 10% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 15% of turpentine (boiling range is 120-170 ℃), 0.5% of sodium silicate and 56.5% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 0.5% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 8% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 10% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 10% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, performing heat preservation reaction for 30 minutes, finally adding 15% of turpentine boiling range (120-170 ℃) to disperse uniformly, adding the rest water, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-80 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, performing centrifugal separation on the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content in the mud is 5.46% and the oil recovery rate is 88.45% based on the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Example 3
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20% of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 18% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 20% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 15% of turpentine (boiling range is 120-170 ℃), 1.0% of sodium silicate and 26% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 1.0% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 20% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 18% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 20% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, performing heat preservation reaction for 30 minutes, finally adding 15% of turpentine boiling range (120-170 ℃) to disperse uniformly, adding the rest water, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-80 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content in the mud is 2.31% and the oil recovery rate is 91.89% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Comparative example 1
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16% of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 20% of turpentine (boiling range is 100-125 ℃), 1.5% of sodium silicate and 28.5% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 1.5% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 16% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, reacting for 30 minutes under heat preservation, finally adding 20% of turpentine boiling range (100-125 ℃), adding the rest water after uniform dispersion, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-85 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content in the mud is 6.47% and the oil recovery rate is 85.31% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Comparative example 2
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16% of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 20% of turpentine (boiling range is 170-200 ℃), 1.5% of sodium silicate and 28.5% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 1.5% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 16% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 15% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, reacting for 30 minutes under heat preservation, finally adding 20% of turpentine boiling range (170-200 ℃), adding the rest water after uniform dispersion, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-85 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring the total oil content to be 10.85% and the oil recovery rate to be 76.85% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Comparative example 3
An oil sludge demulsifier is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 31% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 20% of turpentine (boiling range of 120-170 ℃), 1.5% of sodium silicate and 28.5% of water.
The preparation method of the oil sludge demulsifier comprises the following steps:
adding 1/2 formula amount of water into a reaction kettle, starting a stirrer, adding 1.5% of sodium silicate, stirring for 20 minutes until the sodium silicate is completely dissolved, adding 19% of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether and 31% of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30 minutes, finally adding 20% of turpentine (boiling range of 120-170 ℃), uniformly dispersing, adding the rest water, heating to 40 ℃, continuing stirring for 30 minutes, then stopping stirring, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining the oil sludge demulsifier.
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. Adding the prepared oil sludge demulsifier into a beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-85 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content is 11.63% and the oil recovery rate is 71.68% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
Comparative example 4
Adding a proper amount of oil sludge into a beaker, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to the water in the beaker is 1: 8, and stirring strongly for 10 minutes to uniformly mix the oil sludge and the water. And adding a polyether type demulsifier SP169 into the beaker according to 6% of the weight of the oil sludge, keeping the reaction temperature at 50-85 ℃, and continuing stirring for 40 minutes. And (3) separating oil, water and mud from the product after the demulsification reaction, recovering the oil separated from the upper part, centrifugally separating the mud and the water at the lower part, drying the obtained mud at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and measuring that the total oil content in the mud is 7.63% and the oil recovery rate is 81.34% according to the total weight of the sampled oil mud.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions, equivalents, etc. made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The oil sludge demulsifier is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
16-22% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
10-20% of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether;
10-20% of AE type surfactant;
15-20% of turpentine;
0.5 to 2.0 percent of alkali;
the balance of water;
in the alkylphenol ethoxylates, the carbon number of an alkyl group is 7-12; in the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, the carbon number of fatty amine is 12-18; the boiling range of the turpentine is 120-170 ℃; the alkali is sodium silicate.
2. The method for preparing the oil sludge demulsifier according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the formula amount of alkali in part of formula amount of water to obtain an alkali solution;
(2) adding alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether and AE type surfactant in the formula ratio into the alkali solution, and uniformly stirring;
(3) adding turpentine oil with a formula amount into the solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly dispersing, adding the rest amount of water, heating to 30-50 ℃, and continuously stirring for reaction;
(4) and stopping stirring after the reaction is finished, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
3. The use of the sludge demulsifier of claim 1 in the treatment of oil sludge, comprising the steps of:
(1) adjusting the solid-liquid ratio of the oil sludge to be 1: 6-10, and adding 5-10% of an oil sludge demulsifier based on the weight of the oil sludge;
(2) heating to 50-85 deg.C, stirring and reacting for 30-60 min;
(3) standing after the reaction is finished, and separating oil, water and solid phases;
the oil sludge is heavy oil sludge.
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