CN108964101B - Method and device for constructing V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model - Google Patents
Method and device for constructing V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model, wherein the method comprises the steps of establishing an electric automobile charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric automobile battery, analyzing the charged state of the battery after charging and the charged state relation expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the scene load of the V2B is greater than 0, optimally establishing a target function according to the power consumption cost of a building, wherein the target function meets the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charged state of the battery after charging and the charged state relation expected by the user, simultaneously considering the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculating the optimal solution of the model according to the determined model. The construction method and the device can provide technical support for the charge and discharge management of the electric automobile parked in the parking lot of the building in the future and calculate and optimize the electricity consumption cost of the building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power management of a power system, in particular to a method and a device for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model.
Background
The electric automobile is used as a clean and efficient vehicle, is increasingly commonly applied, and is also a key load increasing point of the current and future power grids. With the development of battery discharge technology, in the future, an electric vehicle can serve as a mobile energy storage element pair to provide electric energy in addition to serving as a charging load, and different charging and discharging behaviors are executed under the driving of an electric power price signal.
When the electric automobile is connected to the charging pile, the electric automobile can supply power to loads in the Building (V2B: Vehicle-to-Building, namely the electric automobile enters the Building) or supply power to a power Grid (V2G: Vehicle-to-Grid, namely the electric automobile enters the Grid).
If the charging and discharging of the electric automobile is lack of management or the management is not proper, the charging requirement of a user cannot be met, and the electricity utilization cost of a building can be increased. The charging and discharging behavior characteristics of the electric automobile are researched, an application scene model suitable for coexistence of the electric automobile V2B and the electric automobile V2G is constructed, and technical support can be provided for charging and discharging management of the electric automobile parked in a parking lot of a building in the future; the device of the application scenario in which V2B and V2G coexist can be used to calculate the electricity charge of the optimized building.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above description, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scenario model, which can provide technical support for charging and discharging management of an electric vehicle parked in a parking lot of a building in the future and calculate and optimize electricity consumption of the building.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a construction method of a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model, which comprises the steps of establishing an electric automobile charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric automobile battery, analyzing the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state relation expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, and establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is greater than 0; and optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model.
Preferably, for computational convenience, the objective function is optimized as a final optimized objective function.
Preferably, the electric vehicle Charge-discharge model is considered based on battery characteristics, and includes battery Charge-discharge power, Charge-discharge efficiency, battery State-of-Charge (SOC) constraint and Charge-discharge non-time constraint, and satisfies the following relation:
wherein t is a time sequence number, i is an electric automobile sequence number, ST is a time set, SE is an electric automobile set,
for the charging period of the electric vehicle i,
is the minimum SOC allowed by the electric automobile i,
the SOC value of the electric automobile i at the time t,
is the maximum allowed SOC of the electric automobile i,
is the rated SOC value of the electric automobile i,
is the initial SOC value when the electric automobile i is connected into the power grid,
and
for the charging and discharging efficiency of the i battery of the electric automobile,
the rated charging power of the electric automobile i is provided,
is the battery rated capacity of the electric automobile i,
for the charging state of the electric vehicle i at the time t,
in the V2B discharge state of the electric vehicle i at time t,
the discharge state of V2G at time t of electric vehicle i. The above-mentioned
All three states are boolean variables with values of 0 or 1.
Preferably, the electricity demand model for the electric vehicle user is that the battery state of charge at the end of charging is infinitely close to the battery state of charge expected by the user, and the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the SOC value at the end of the charge,
is the SOC value desired by the user.
Preferably, the battery loss model is expressed by measuring the switching between the charge and discharge states of the battery, and satisfies the following relation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,ias a function of the battery loss evaluation of the electric vehicle i,
is the discharge state of the electric vehicle i.
Preferably, the load demand of the V2B constraint model other than V2G must be greater than 0, and the following relation is satisfied:
wherein, Pb,tThe base load of the building at time t.
Preferably, the objective function is:
wherein F (U) is a cost function, TBIn order to quantify the time of day,
for the load electricity price at the time of t,
the price paid to the electric vehicle V2G for the grid operator at time t.
Preferably, the final optimization objective function is:
g (U) is the final optimization objective function, ρiAnd λiThe penalty coefficients are the electricity demand of the user and the battery loss respectively.
The invention also provides a device for the application scene model coexisting with the V2B and the V2G, which comprises a model construction module and a calculation module, and the device specifically comprises the following components:
the V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model building module is used for building an electric vehicle charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the relation between the charging state of the battery after charging and the charging state expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, and building a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is greater than 0;
and the V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model calculation module is used for optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric vehicle charging and discharging model, the state of charge of the battery after charging and the state of charge expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a method and a device for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model, and particularly relates to a method and a device for constructing an electric vehicle charge-discharge model according to the basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the charge state of the battery after charging and the expected charge state relation of a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating the battery loss according to the switching between the charge-discharge states of the battery, and establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is more than 0; and optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model. The device models and calculates the model. The construction method and the device can provide technical support for the charge and discharge management of the electric automobile parked in the parking lot of the building in the future and calculate and optimize the electricity consumption cost of the building.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a V2B and V2G coexisting application scenario;
FIG. 2 is a power price distribution diagram for a building;
FIG. 3 shows a first electricity optimization for a building;
FIG. 4 is a second electricity optimization for a building;
fig. 5 shows the result of charging and discharging a certain electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a certain building garage can provide charging for an electric vehicle, and simultaneously support an application scenario of the electric vehicle V2B; the electric automobile can also directly feed power to the power grid, and supports the application scenario of V2G.
In the implementation case of the invention, taking six electric vehicles parked in the garage of the building for charging as an example, the modeling and the calculation of the optimization result are carried out according to the construction method and the device of the V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model described above.
S1, firstly, constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model, including establishing an electric vehicle charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the relation between the charging state of the battery after charging and the charging state expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating the battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, and establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is greater than 0; and optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model.
Preferably, for computational convenience, the objective function is optimized as a final optimized objective function.
Preferably, the electric vehicle charge-discharge model is considered based on battery characteristics, and includes battery charge-discharge power, charge-discharge efficiency, battery state-of-charge constraint and charge-discharge non-simultaneous constraint, and satisfies the following relation:
wherein t is a time sequence number, i is an electric automobile sequence number, ST is a time set, SE is an electric automobile set,
for the charging period of the electric vehicle i,
is the minimum SOC allowed by the electric automobile i,
the SOC value of the electric automobile i at the time t,
is the maximum allowed SOC of the electric automobile i,
is the rated SOC value of the electric automobile i,
is the initial SOC value when the electric automobile i is connected into the power grid,
and
for the charging and discharging efficiency of the i battery of the electric automobile,
the rated charging power of the electric automobile i is provided,
is the battery rated capacity of the electric automobile i,
for the charging state of the electric vehicle i at the time t,
in the V2B discharge state of the electric vehicle i at time t,
the discharge state of V2G at time t of electric vehicle i. The above-mentioned
All three states are boolean variables with values of 0 or 1. Among the known physical quantities are:
the physical quantities to be determined are: charging time of electric automobile connected to power grid,
The physical quantities to be calculated are:
preferably, the electricity demand model for the electric vehicle user is that the battery state of charge at the end of charging is infinitely close to the battery state of charge expected by the user, and the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the SOC value at the end of the charge,
is the SOC value desired by the user. Physical quantities to be determined: the charging end time when the electric automobile leaves the power grid,
Physical quantities to be calculated:
preferably, the battery loss model is expressed by measuring the switching between the charge and discharge states of the battery, and satisfies the following relation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,ias a function of the battery loss evaluation of the electric vehicle i,
is the discharge state of the electric vehicle i. Physical quantities to be calculated:i。
preferably, the V2B constraint model, in order to prevent the energy provided by the electric vehicle V2B from feeding into the grid, the load demand except V2G must be greater than 0, and the following relation is satisfied:
wherein, Pb,tThe base load of the building at time t is a known physical quantity.
Preferably, the objective function is:
wherein F (U) is a cost function, TBIn order to quantify the time of day,
for the load electricity price at the time of t,
the price paid to the electric vehicle V2G for the grid operator at time t. The known physical quantities are:
TBphysical quantities to be calculated: minF (U).
Preferably, if the formula (5) in the user demand analysis of the electric vehicle and the formula (6) in the battery loss evaluation are directly solved, the calculation difficulty is high. In the embodiment of the present invention, the formula (5) and the formula (6) are added to the cost function (9) as a consideration by a penalty function form, and the final optimization objective function is:
g (U) is a final optimization objective function, and the constraint condition is the formula: (1) (2), (3), (4), (7) and (8). RhoiAnd λiRespectively punishment of user power consumption demand and battery lossA penalty factor. RhoiAnd λiThe value of (b) can be determined according to personal tendency of a user, and when the user has higher requirement on the charging ending state when the electric automobile leaves, the rho valueiCan be set to a higher value; when the requirement for battery loss is high, lambdaiMay be set to a higher value. Physical quantities to be determined: rhoi、λiPhysical quantities to be calculated: g (U).
And S2.V2B and V2G coexist to apply the scene model device to construct a model and calculate.
First, the known quantities and the physical quantities to be set in the model construction method of S1 are determined. After the electric automobile is determined to be in the normal state,
is a known quantity; pb,tKnown base load for a certain building at time t; as shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
respectively taking the electricity load price and the V2G service price of a certain building, calculating the time range from 8:00 a.m. of the first day to 8:00 a.m. of the second day, and setting the time step length as 1 hour; physical quantities that need to be set according to actual specific conditions: the time when the electric automobile is connected into the power grid and the time when the electric automobile leaves the power grid,
The physical quantity to be set in the embodiment of the invention is randomly generated by a device system; rhoiAnd λiIn this embodiment, two different sets of values are compared, respectively, rhoi1.5 and λi＝0.05、ρi1.5 and λi＝0.5。
Then, the specific values of the known physical quantity, the set physical quantity and the parameter setting are substituted into the optimization objective function (10) constructed in step S1, and the objective function needs to satisfy the constraint formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (7) and (8), and the optimization result is calculated. Rhoi1.5 and λiThe result of the electricity optimization for the building at 0.05 is shown in fig. 3, ρi1.5 and λiThe result of the electricity optimization for the building is shown in fig. 4 as 0.5.Fig. 5 shows the charging and discharging results of a certain electric vehicle.
As can be seen from fig. 2, 3 and 5, when the electricity price of the load is higher, such as time intervals 11:00-13:00, 18:00-20:00, part of the electric vehicles are arranged to perform V2B operation to supply electricity for other loads in the building, so as to reduce the total electricity cost of the building; when the price of the load electricity is lower, if the time interval is 8:00-10:00, 14:00-17:00, the electric automobile selects to carry out charging operation; in addition, since the price paid by the grid operator to the service of the electric vehicle V2G is not enough to attract the electric vehicle to perform the V2G operation, the V2G discharge behavior of the electric vehicle was not observed from the example results. Single charge management with respect to electric vehicles: after the electric automobile is connected to the system, only charging is carried out, and discharging operations of V2G and V2B are not carried out, so that the electricity utilization cost or per unit value of the building is reduced to 604.3 from 609.6, and the aim of optimizing the electricity cost is fulfilled. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 5, the charging requirement of a single electric vehicle can be effectively met.
The invention also considers the evaluation of the battery charge and discharge loss. When the user has low requirement on the charge-discharge loss of the battery, the value of lambda is takeniThe building optimization result is shown in fig. 3, when the building optimization result is 0.05; when the user has strict requirements on the charge and discharge loss of the battery, the value of lambda is takeniThe building optimization results are shown in fig. 4 at 0.5. The comparison of the results shows that when the user has strict requirements on the charge and discharge loss of the battery, the number of times of charging and discharging the electric automobile connected to the power grid is reduced. Therefore, the invention is proved to be capable of responding correspondingly according to different requirements of users on the battery loss.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a method and a device for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model, and particularly relates to a method and a device for constructing an electric vehicle charge-discharge model according to the basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the charge state of the battery after charging and the expected charge state relation of a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating the battery loss according to the switching between the charge-discharge states of the battery, and establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is more than 0; and optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model. The device models and calculates the model. The construction method and the device can provide technical support for the charge and discharge management of the electric automobile parked in the parking lot of the building in the future and calculate and optimize the electricity consumption cost of the building.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (4)
1. A method for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing an electric vehicle charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the relation between the charging state of the battery after charging and the charging state expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating battery loss according to switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, and establishing a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is greater than 0;
optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of the building, wherein the target function meets the relation among the electric automobile charging and discharging model, the charge state of the battery after charging and the charge state expected by a user, simultaneously considers the battery loss and the constraint condition, and calculates the optimal solution of the model;
the electric automobile charge-discharge model is considered based on battery characteristics, comprises battery charge-discharge power, charge-discharge efficiency, battery charge state constraint and charge-discharge different constraint, and meets the following relational expression:
wherein t is a time sequence number, i is an electric automobile sequence number, ST is a time set, SE is an electric automobile set,
for the charging period of the electric vehicle i,
is the minimum SOC allowed by the electric automobile i,
the SOC value of the electric automobile i at the time t,
is the maximum allowed SOC of the electric automobile i,
is the rated SOC value of the electric automobile i,
is the initial SOC value when the electric automobile i is connected into the power grid,
and
for the charging and discharging efficiency of the i battery of the electric automobile,
the rated charging power of the electric automobile i is provided,
is the battery rated capacity of the electric automobile i,
for the charging state of the electric vehicle i at the time t,
in the V2B discharge state of the electric vehicle i at time t,
the discharge state of V2G of the electric automobile i at the time t; the above-mentioned
All three states are Boolean variables, and the values are 0 or 1;
the method for analyzing the state of charge of the battery after charging and the expected state of charge of the user according to the power consumption requirement of the user specifically comprises the following steps: the battery state of charge at the end of charging is infinitely close to the battery state of charge expected by the user, and the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to chargeThe SOC value at the end of the power,
a SOC value desired by a user;
the evaluation of the battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery specifically comprises the following steps: expressed by measuring the switching between the charge and discharge states of the battery, the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,ias a function of the battery loss evaluation of the electric vehicle i,
the discharge state of the electric vehicle i is shown;
the establishing of the constraint condition according to the situation that the scene load of V2B is greater than 0 specifically comprises the following steps: the load demand, except for V2G, must be greater than 0, satisfying the following relationship:
wherein, Pb,tThe basic load of the building at the moment t;
the objective function is:
wherein F (U) is a cost function, TBTo quantify time, θL,tFor the load electricity price at time t, thetaV2G,tIs at t timeThe grid operator pays the price for the electric vehicle V2G service.
2. The method for constructing a V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model as claimed in claim 1, wherein said objective function is optimized as a final optimization objective function for computational convenience.
3. The method for constructing V2B and V2G coexisting application scenario model as claimed in claim 2, wherein said final optimization objective function is:
where G (U) is the final optimization objective function, ρiAnd λiThe penalty coefficients are the electricity demand of the user and the battery loss respectively.
4. An apparatus for V2B and V2G coexisting application scene models, comprising:
the V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model building module is used for building an electric vehicle charging and discharging model according to basic characteristics of an electric vehicle battery, analyzing the relation between the charging state of the battery after charging and the charging state expected by a user according to the power demand of the user, evaluating battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery, and building a constraint condition according to the condition that the load of a V2B scene is greater than 0;
the V2B and V2G coexisting application scene model calculation module is used for optimally establishing a target function according to the electricity consumption cost of a building, the target function meets the relation among the electric vehicle charging and discharging model, the charging state of the battery after charging and the charging state expected by a user, the battery loss and the constraint condition are considered at the same time, and the optimal solution of the model is calculated;
the electric automobile charge-discharge model is considered based on battery characteristics, comprises battery charge-discharge power, charge-discharge efficiency, battery charge state constraint and charge-discharge different constraint, and meets the following relational expression:
wherein t is a time sequence number, i is an electric automobile sequence number, ST is a time set, SE is an electric automobile set,
for the charging period of the electric vehicle i,
is the minimum SOC allowed by the electric automobile i,
the SOC value of the electric automobile i at the time t,
is the maximum allowed SOC of the electric automobile i,
is the rated SOC value of the electric automobile i,
is the initial SOC value when the electric automobile i is connected into the power grid,
and
charging and discharging i batteries of electric vehiclesThe efficiency of the process is improved, and the efficiency is improved,
the rated charging power of the electric automobile i is provided,
is the battery rated capacity of the electric automobile i,
for the charging state of the electric vehicle i at the time t,
in the V2B discharge state of the electric vehicle i at time t,
the discharge state of V2G of the electric automobile i at the time t; the above-mentioned
All three states are Boolean variables, and the values are 0 or 1;
the method for analyzing the state of charge of the battery after charging and the expected state of charge of the user according to the power consumption requirement of the user specifically comprises the following steps: the battery state of charge at the end of charging is infinitely close to the battery state of charge expected by the user, and the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the SOC value at the end of the charge,
a SOC value desired by a user;
the evaluation of the battery loss according to the switching between the charging and discharging states of the battery specifically comprises the following steps: expressed by measuring the switching between the charge and discharge states of the battery, the following relational expression is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,ias a function of the battery loss evaluation of the electric vehicle i,
the discharge state of the electric vehicle i is shown;
the establishing of the constraint condition according to the situation that the scene load of V2B is greater than 0 specifically comprises the following steps: the load demand, except for V2G, must be greater than 0, satisfying the following relationship:
wherein, Pb,tThe basic load of the building at the moment t;
the objective function is:
wherein F (U) is a cost function, TBTo quantify time, θL,tFor the load electricity price at time t, thetaV2G,tThe price paid to the electric vehicle V2G for the grid operator at time t.
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