CN108964006A - A kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid - Google Patents

A kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108964006A
CN108964006A CN201710369918.7A CN201710369918A CN108964006A CN 108964006 A CN108964006 A CN 108964006A CN 201710369918 A CN201710369918 A CN 201710369918A CN 108964006 A CN108964006 A CN 108964006A
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stator
formula
rotor
current grid
air gap
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宗璐璐
孙璐
朱建威
黄轶群
刘屹东
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control methods of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid, comprising the following steps: constructs improved direct current grid connection topology structure first；Then for improved direct current grid connection topology structure, improved Stator flux oriented control is used to rotor-side converter；It is directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure later, improved air gap potential oriented control is used to stator side current transformer；It is eventually adding the Front feedback control of active power, the compensation decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation.The present invention is directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure, considers the dynamic component of air gap exciting current, uses improved air gap potential oriented control to stator side current transformer；Active power Front feedback control method of the invention enables power of the assembling unit operation tracking suboptimum operating point, can respond the variation of the power of the assembling unit caused by grid entry point voltage fluctuation.

Description

A kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid
Technical field
The invention belongs to smart grid field, in particular to a kind of control of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid Method processed.
Background technique
With the application of the Devoting Major Efforts To Developing and various DC loads of China's distributed energy, DC micro-electric network technology meet the tendency of and It is raw.In the practical application of direct-current grid, for magneto alternator group, double-fed wind generating (DFIG) unit Cost of electricity-generating it is lower, cost performance is higher, if using DFIG unit in direct-current grid, the cost of electricity-generating of unit capacity can be shown Decline is write, while wind-power electricity generation has the characteristics that low pollution, maintenance cost are low, therefore DFIG unit is considered as direct-current grid In most development potentiality and practical application value one of distributed generation resource, the DFIG unit control of research access direct-current grid System strategy is significant.
When domestic and international result of study shows Large Scale Wind Farm Integration using direct current grid connection topology structure, electricity can be effectively improved Can efficiency of transmission, significantly improve power factor, it is opposite exchange it is grid-connected for, direct current is grid-connected to reduce wind power plant and power grid Coupling, the electric parameter that wind power plant need to control is less, while also can be realized the decoupling control of active power and reactive power, So the DFIG grid connection topology structure of access direct-current grid preferentially becomes the emphasis that scholars study.In conventional topologies, due to Generator unit side directly with exchange grid entry point bus be connected, the electric voltage frequency and width measured using PLL technology or flux observer Value is constant, but in improving topology, and the frequency that stator side loses ac bus is supported, so traditional control strategy is not It is applicable in again.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of control methods of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of control of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid Method processed, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: aiming at the problem that, poor reliability low double-fed wind power generator group tradition grid-connected mode energy conversion efficiency, It is proposed a kind of improved direct current grid connection topology structure.
Step 2: being directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure, improved stator magnet is used to rotor-side converter (RSC) Chain oriented control (SFO).
Step 3: improved direct current grid connection topology structure is directed to, to stator side current transformer (SSC) using improved air gap electricity Gesture oriented control (AEO).
Step 4: the Front feedback control of active power is added, the compensation decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is: 1) opening up present invention improves over DFIG unit direct current is grid-connected Structure is flutterred, the reliability and economy of system are improved；2) present invention is directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure, considers stator The dynamic component of exciting current uses improved Stator flux oriented control (SFO) to rotor-side converter (RSC)；3) this hair It is bright to be directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure, consider the dynamic component of air gap exciting current, stator side current transformer (SSC) is adopted With improved air gap potential oriented control (AEO)；4) the invention discloses active power Front feedback control method, unit function is enabled Rate operation tracking suboptimum operating point, there are certain capacity is spare, with the machine as caused by direct current grid entry point voltage fluctuation of response Group changed power.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the control method flow chart of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid of the invention.
Fig. 2 is Traditional DC grid connection topology structure chart.
Fig. 3 is to improve direct current grid connection topology structure chart.
Fig. 4 is the improved rotor-side converter control block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the improved stator side current transformer control block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is power compensation performance plot of the invention.
The meaning of number representative in figure are as follows: 1 is proposes a kind of improved direct current grid connection topology structure, and 2 is for improved Direct current grid connection topology structure, to rotor-side converter use improved Stator flux oriented control, 3 for for improved direct current simultaneously Net topology structure uses improved air gap potential oriented control to stator side current transformer, and 4 be the feedforward compensation that active power is added Control, the compensation decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with attached drawing, a kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid of the invention, including with Lower step:
Step 1, the improved direct current grid connection topology structure of building；Improvement are as follows:
Unit rotor side is connected directly by full-controlled rectifier bridge and direct current grid entry point bus, stator side full-controlled rectifier bridge with Direct current grid entry point bus is connected directly or the uncontrollable rectifier bridge of stator side diode and the direct phase of direct current grid entry point bus Even.
Step 2, the improvement direct current grid connection topology structure constructed for step 1, to rotor-side converter using improved fixed Sub- flux linkage orientation control；Specifically:
Assuming that stator and rotor winding is all made of Motor convention, electric current inflow is positive, and converts to obtain synchronous rotary dq by Park DFIG mathematical model under coordinate system, voltage equation are as follows:
In formula: usd、usqFor stator voltage d, q axis component；isd、isqFor stator current d, q axis component；Ψsd、ΨsqIt is fixed Sub- magnetic linkage d, q axis component；ω1For benchmark angular frequency；urd、urqFor rotor voltage d, q axis component；ird、irqFor rotor current d, q Axis component；Ψrd、ΨrqFor rotor flux d, q axis component；ωrFor rotor angular frequency；emd、emqFor air gap potential d, q axis component； Ψmd、ΨmqFor air gap flux linkage d, q axis component；Rr、RsFor stator and rotor winding resistance；P is differential operator；
Flux linkage equations are as follows:
In formula: LmThe mutual inductance between Stator and Rotor Windings；LsFor stator winding self-induction；LrFor rotor windings self-induction；imsd、imsqFor Stator energization current d, q axis component；imd、imqFor air gap exciting current d, q axis component；
RSC uses improved SFO control method, and the stator magnetic linkage oriented d axis direction in synchronous rotary is improved realizing During SFO is controlled, meter and imsd、imsqDynamic component, the stator magnetic linkage oriented condition of DFIG are as follows:
Enabling Us is stator voltage amplitude, can obtain rotor current d, q axis component by stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2) and formula (3) Reference value i* rd、i* rq, it is as follows:
Stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imsd、imsqDynamic component, it is as follows:
Rotor flux linkage equations in formula (2) and formula (5) are substituted into the rotor voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration Operation, can succeed in one's scheme and imsd、imsqThe rotor voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp1、ki1)、(kp2、ki2) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；wsFor slip angular frequency；s For laplace operator.
Step 3, the improvement direct current grid connection topology structure constructed for step 1 use improved gas to stator side current transformer Gap potential oriented control；Specifically:
Air gap potential is oriented in the d axis direction of synchronous rotary；During realizing that improving AEO controls, meter and imd、 imqDynamic component, DFIG air gap potential stereotactic conditions are as follows:
Air gap flux linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imd、imqDynamic component, it is as follows:
DFIG air gap power equation are as follows:
According to DFIG unit maximal power tracing principle, given air gap is active and reactive power value is respectively as follows:
In formula: P*To give active power；Q*To give reactive power；s1For revolutional slip；
Formula (8) and formula (9) are substituted into the stator voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration operation, can succeed in one's scheme and imd、imqThe stator voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp3、ki3)、(kp4、ki4) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；Using power outer ring, electric current Double PI closed loop controlling structures of inner ring realize decoupling control active to DFIG unit and reactive power.
Step 4, the Front feedback control method using active power, to the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation decline into Row compensation.The compensation performance number Δ P in each stage is specifically sought as the following formula:
In formula, U* dcFor grid entry point voltage rating in direct current grid connection topology；ΔPmax=kPN, k is less than 1, PNFor DFIG volume Determine power；[Udcm, Udcn] be power linear compensation section.
Present invention improves over DFIG unit direct current grid connection topology structures, improve the reliability and economy of system.
It is described in more detail below.
A kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: aiming at the problem that, poor reliability low double-fed wind power generator group tradition grid-connected mode energy conversion efficiency, It is proposed a kind of improved direct current grid connection topology structure.
Step 2: being directed to improved direct current grid connection topology structure, improved stator magnet is used to rotor-side converter (RSC) Chain oriented control (SFO).
Step 3: improved direct current grid connection topology structure is directed to, to stator side current transformer (SSC) using improved air gap electricity Gesture oriented control (AEO).
Step 4: the Front feedback control of active power is added, the compensation decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation.
Further, in step 1, Fig. 2 show Traditional DC grid connection topology structure, and Fig. 3, which show improvement direct current is grid-connected, to be opened up Structure is flutterred, compared with conventional topologies, unit rotor side is connected directly by full-controlled rectifier bridge and direct current grid entry point bus, stator side Also it is connected directly with full-controlled rectifier bridge (the uncontrollable rectifier bridge of diode can also be used) with direct current grid entry point bus.Relative to DFIG Traditional DC grid connection topology structure, improve topological structure have the advantage that
(1) electric network fault is smaller to the operational shock of DFIG itself.In Fig. 3, direct current grid entry point and generator unit it Between increase SSC, when the grid collapses, buffer function can be played to a certain extent, reduce failure and pass through stator side pair DFIG influences caused by running.
(2) an AC/DC converters part is eliminated, the transmission series of energy before set grid-connection are reduced, Energy transfer efficiency and generator operation reliability are improved, while reducing operation of electric power system cost.
(3) in the application of practical micro-capacitance sensor, due to being incorporated to the energy storage devices such as battery, it can guarantee direct current in a short time Low voltage crossing (LVRT) may be implemented in grid entry point voltage stabilization, unit.
(4) when unit is incorporated to direct-current grid, it need to only consider that reactive power needed for magnetic linkage, system dc are established in unit operation Side is without considering reactive power.
But improve topology there are the following problems:
(1) DFIG output power is limited.DFIG mainly passes through SSC to micro-capacitance sensor transmission power, requires SSC in actual motion Capacity is bigger, heat dissipation performance is more preferable.
(2) DFIG rotor-side only passes through RSC and connect with power grid, and unit rotor side excitation is influenced by DC voltage fluctuation It is larger；Unit failure will affect the transmission of active power, cause direct current grid entry point voltage fluctuation.
(3) DFIG generator unit side adds SSC that will make occur a large amount of odd harmonics in generator unit voltage and current.
(4) traditional control strategy is no longer applicable in.In conventional topologies, due to generator unit side directly with exchange grid entry point mother Line is connected, and the electric voltage frequency and amplitude measured using PLL technology or flux observer is constant, but in improving topology, fixed The frequency that sub- side loses ac bus is supported, so its control strategy needs to improve.
Further, in step 2, improved in direct current grid connection topology in DFIG unit, SSC, RSC respectively directly with unit it is fixed, Rotor three-phase winding is connected, and the transient state component of each electrical quantity in stator and rotor side has certain influence to stable operation of unit, especially It is especially pronounced in the transient process that unit breaks down, so on the basis of considering Stator energization current dynamic component, The rotor-side Voltage Reference equation for establishing meter and Stator energization current dynamic component, proposes improved stator magnetic linkage oriented control It makes (SFO).
Assuming that stator and rotor winding is all made of Motor convention, electric current inflow is positive, and converts to obtain synchronous rotary dq by Park DFIG mathematical model under coordinate system, voltage equation are as follows:
In formula: usd、usqFor stator voltage d, q axis component；isd、isqFor stator current d, q axis component；Ψsd、ΨsqIt is fixed Sub- magnetic linkage d, q axis component；ω1For benchmark angular frequency；urd、urqFor rotor voltage d, q axis component；ird、irqFor rotor current d, q Axis component；Ψrd、ΨrqFor rotor flux d, q axis component；ωrFor rotor angular frequency；emd、emqFor air gap potential d, q axis component； Ψmd、ΨmqFor air gap flux linkage d, q axis component；Rr、RsFor stator and rotor winding resistance；P is differential operator.
Flux linkage equations are as follows:
In formula: LmThe mutual inductance between Stator and Rotor Windings；LsFor stator winding self-induction；LrFor rotor windings self-induction；imsd、imsqFor Stator energization current d, q axis component；imd、imqFor air gap exciting current d, q axis component.
RSC uses improved SFO control method, and the stator magnetic linkage oriented d axis direction in synchronous rotary is improved realizing During SFO is controlled, meter and imsd、imsqDynamic component, the stator magnetic linkage oriented condition of DFIG are as follows:
Enabling Us is stator voltage amplitude, can obtain rotor current d, q axis component by stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2) and formula (3) Reference value i* rd、i* rq, it is as follows:
Stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imsd、imsqDynamic component, it is as follows:
Rotor flux linkage equations in formula (2) and formula (5) are substituted into the rotor voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration Operation, can succeed in one's scheme and imsd、imsqThe rotor voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp1、ki1)、(kp2、ki2) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；wsFor slip angular frequency；s For laplace operator.It is as shown in Figure 4 that improved RSC control block diagram can be obtained according to formula (6).
Further, it in step 3, on the basis of considering air gap exciting current dynamic component, establishes meter and air gap is encouraged The stator side Voltage Reference equation of magnetoelectricity flowable state component proposes improved air gap potential oriented control (AEO).
SSC uses improved AEO control method, and air gap potential is oriented in the d axis direction of synchronous rotary；It is improved realizing During AEO is controlled, meter and imd、imqDynamic component, DFIG air gap potential stereotactic conditions are as follows:
Air gap flux linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imd、imqDynamic component, it is as follows:
DFIG air gap power equation are as follows:
According to DFIG unit maximal power tracing principle, given air gap is active and reactive power value is respectively as follows:
In formula: P*To give active power；Q*To give reactive power；s1For revolutional slip.
Formula (8) and formula (9) are substituted into the stator voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration operation, can succeed in one's scheme and imd、imqThe stator voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp3、ki3)、(kp4、ki4) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；It can must be changed according to formula (11) Into SSC control block diagram as shown in figure 5, using power outer ring, double PI closed loop controlling structures of current inner loop, realize to DFIG machine The active decoupling control with reactive power of group.
Further, in step 4, in improved direct current grid connection topology structure, DFIG is directly connect by SSC in DC bus On, the fluctuation of DC bus-bar voltage can cause to seriously affect to the stable operation of DFIG unit, when grid entry point voltage fluctuation, rotor Side excitation weakens the decline for causing unit active power, in order to compensate the wattful power as caused by voltage fluctuation to a certain extent Rate decline, is added the Front feedback control of active power.
In the range of DC voltage allows fluctuation, to avoid power compensation link from frequently cutting and exit, setting electricity Area is killed, within the short time of grid entry point voltage fluctuation, DFIG unit is in overlond running；When power feedforward overcompensation, DFIG Unit electromagnetic torque is greater than rotor machine torque, and rotor speed is caused to decline, therefore in Front feedback control, to power compensation amount Make amplitude limiting processing, in conclusion establishing power compensation characteristic shown in fig. 6.
In Fig. 6, U* dcFor grid entry point voltage rating in direct current grid connection topology；UdcPermission undulating value take its rated value 5% is advisable；ΔPmax=kPN, for k less than 1, value is related with rotor inertia constant, depends on due to compensation capacity, PNIt is specified for DFIG Power；[Udcm, Udcn] be power linear compensation section, UdcmTo be lower than U* dc10% meter.The compensation performance number Δ P in each stage has Body is sought by formula (12):
From the foregoing, it will be observed that improving the reliability and warp of system present invention improves over DFIG unit direct current grid connection topology structure Ji property.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the improved direct current grid connection topology structure of building；
Step 2, the improvement direct current grid connection topology structure constructed for step 1 use improved stator magnet to rotor-side converter Chain oriented control；
Step 3, the improvement direct current grid connection topology structure constructed for step 1, to stator side current transformer using improved air gap electricity Gesture oriented control；
Step 4, the Front feedback control method using active power mend the decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation It repays.
2. the control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Improved direct current grid connection topology structure, improvement are constructed in step 1 are as follows:
Unit rotor side is connected directly by full-controlled rectifier bridge and direct current grid entry point bus, stator side full-controlled rectifier bridge and direct current Grid entry point bus is connected directly or stator side is connected directly with the uncontrollable rectifier bridge of diode and direct current grid entry point bus.
3. the control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Improved Stator flux oriented control is used to rotor-side converter in step 2, specifically:
Assuming that stator and rotor winding is all made of Motor convention, electric current inflow is positive, and converts to obtain synchronous rotary dq coordinate by Park DFIG mathematical model under system, voltage equation are as follows:
In formula: usd、usqFor stator voltage d, q axis component；isd、isqFor stator current d, q axis component；Ψsd、ΨsqFor stator magnet Chain d, q axis component；ω1For benchmark angular frequency；urd、urqFor rotor voltage d, q axis component；ird、irqFor rotor current d, q axis point Amount；Ψrd、ΨrqFor rotor flux d, q axis component；ωrFor rotor angular frequency；emd、emqFor air gap potential d, q axis component；Ψmd、 ΨmqFor air gap flux linkage d, q axis component；Rr、RsFor stator and rotor winding resistance；P is differential operator；
Flux linkage equations are as follows:
In formula: LmThe mutual inductance between Stator and Rotor Windings；LsFor stator winding self-induction；LrFor rotor windings self-induction；imsd、imsqFor stator Exciting current d, q axis component；imd、imqFor air gap exciting current d, q axis component；
RSC uses improved SFO control method, by the stator magnetic linkage oriented d axis direction in synchronous rotary, improves SFO realizing During control, meter and imsd、imsqDynamic component, the stator magnetic linkage oriented condition of DFIG are as follows:
Enabling Us is stator voltage amplitude, can obtain the reference of rotor current d, q axis component by stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2) and formula (3) Value i* rd、i* rq, it is as follows:
Stator magnetic linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imsd、imsqDynamic component, it is as follows:
Rotor flux linkage equations in formula (2) and formula (5) are substituted into the rotor voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration operation, It can succeed in one's scheme and imsd、imsqThe rotor voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp1、ki1)、(kp2、ki2) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；wsFor slip angular frequency；S is to draw Family name's operator.
4. the control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Step 3 uses improved air gap potential oriented control to stator side current transformer, specifically:
Air gap potential is oriented in the d axis direction of synchronous rotary；During realizing that improving AEO controls, meter and imd、imqIt is dynamic State component, DFIG air gap potential stereotactic conditions are as follows:
Air gap flux linkage equation in formula (2), which is substituted into formula (1), can obtain imd、imqDynamic component, it is as follows:
DFIG air gap power equation are as follows:
According to DFIG unit maximal power tracing principle, given air gap is active and reactive power value is respectively as follows:
In formula: P*To give active power；Q*To give reactive power；s1For revolutional slip；
Formula (8) and formula (9) are substituted into the stator voltage equation in formula (1), and introduce proportional integration operation, can be succeeded in one's scheme and imd、 imqThe stator voltage reference equation of dynamic component, as follows:
In formula: parameter (kp3、ki3)、(kp4、ki4) it is respectively pi regulator proportion integral modulus；Using power outer ring, current inner loop Double PI closed loop controlling structures, realize decoupling control active to DFIG unit and reactive power.
5. the control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that When step 4 compensates the decline of the active power as caused by voltage fluctuation, the compensation performance number Δ P in each stage is specifically as the following formula It seeks:
In formula, U* dcFor grid entry point voltage rating in direct current grid connection topology；ΔPmax=kPN, k is less than 1, PNFor the specified function of DFIG Rate；[Udcm, Udcn] be power linear compensation section.
CN201710369918.7A 2017-05-23 2017-05-23 A kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group access direct-current grid Pending CN108964006A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102005782A (en) * 2010-11-30 2011-04-06 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 Grid connection control method of double-fed wind-driven generator
CN103684173A (en) * 2013-12-06 2014-03-26 国网上海市电力公司 Control method for doubly-fed wind generator converters
CN105048917A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-11-11 西安理工大学 ESO-based control method of double-fed wind power generation system integral sliding mode controller

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