CN108963164A - Inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film, preparation method and its lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film, preparation method and its lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108963164A
CN108963164A CN201810685986.9A CN201810685986A CN108963164A CN 108963164 A CN108963164 A CN 108963164A CN 201810685986 A CN201810685986 A CN 201810685986A CN 108963164 A CN108963164 A CN 108963164A
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water
lithium ion
ion battery
isolation film
inorganic ceramic
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郑君
周鑫
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SHENZHEN XURAN ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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SHENZHEN XURAN ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411Organic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/431Inorganic material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A kind of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film, preparation method and its lithium ion battery, wherein isolation film includes porous substrate and the inorganic ceramic functional coating that is attached at least one surface of the porous substrate, inorganic ceramic coating includes plate boehmite particles, water soluble polymer thickener, water milk type polymer binder and water-soluble polymeric binder, in parts by weight, the weight of plate boehmite particles accounts for 80~99.4%, water soluble polymer thickener accounts for 0.2~3.0%, the weight of water milk type polymer binder accounts for 0.2~15.0%, the weight of water-soluble polymeric binder accounts for 0.2~15.0%.Coated product of the present invention can be effectively reduced inorganic functional thickness degree and guarantee the homogeneity of thickness, while ensure to coat the excellent high temperature resistance of diaphragm.Due to the low feature of plate boehmite particles hardness, coating material is decreased for mechanical abrasion.

Description

Inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film, preparation method and its lithium from Sub- battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, it is more particularly related to which a kind of inorganic ceramic coats function Lithium ion battery isolation film and preparation method thereof can be changed, and include the inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film Lithium ion battery.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery with its high-energy density, high working voltage, has had extended cycle life, without note since being commercialized popularization Recall effect, it is environmentally protective and can according to actual needs flexible design size shape size many advantages, such as be widely used in it is each The power supply of kind portable consumer electronics product.In addition to this, as Environmental improves and the demand of Mobile energy storage device, Lithium ion battery is widely used in the exploitation of power battery and energy-storage battery again, these wide application fields and a variety of different Actual demand has greatly pushed the development of lithium ion battery.
Isolation film used in lithium ion battery and lithium ion polymer battery is largely polyolefin film at present, such as polyethylene Film (PE), polypropylene screen (PP) or polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene composite film (PP/PE/PP), it is wide in lithium ion battery General use;But encounter such as short circuit, overcharge, thermal shock or puncture when, the internal temperature of lithium ion battery can reach 100 oC or more leads to the volume change of diaphragm, Jin Eryin at this point, this polyolefin film just has biggish contraction or melting The direct contact between anode and cathode is played, the phenomenon that internal short-circuit and thermal runaway occurs, lithium ion battery is made to be easy kindling very To explosion.Further, since the surface tension of polyolefin film is very low, the leaching to the carbonic ester electrolyte that lithium ion secondary battery uses Profit ability and imbibition ability are all poor, are not able to satisfy the requirement of lithium ion secondary battery long circulation life.Therefore, in order to Guarantee battery uses safe and long circulation life, it is necessary to provide a kind of composite diaphragm of functional modification.
In response to this, existing way is the single or double coating alumina ceramic layer in polyolefine isolating film, Organic/inorganic composite separator is formed, single side coating thickness is generally in 3~5um.Since inorganic oxide aluminized coating is with higher Thermal stability, therefore the thermal contraction of entire composite diaphragm is inhibited significantly, while inorganic coating mechanical strength also with higher, This can also reduce the probability that Li dendrite or particle and collector burr etc. in battery puncture isolation film and cause short circuit, Jin Erti The reliability and security performance of high battery.But alumina material hardness is high, to mixing plant, coating equipment and slitting blade Serious wear, cause the batch consistency of its coating layer thickness to be difficult to control and higher cost, it is difficult to carry out scale metaplasia It produces.Moreover, the coating of thinner and lighter matter becomes following and answers with the exploitation and application of lithium ion battery with high energy density With direction, aluminium oxide is difficult to carry out technical breakthrough in these areas because of the characteristic of itself material.
Based on the above reasons, it is necessory to provide a kind of thermal stability that not only can effectively improve diaphragm, but can manufacture at There is the inorganic ceramic coating functionalization lithium ion of technical advantage in sheet, coated product consistency of thickness and coating layer thickness and weight Battery isolating film, to reduce cost while the security performance for improving battery and the stability recycled for a long time and improve production The competitiveness of product.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to: the characteristics of being directed to current material performance, providing one kind both can effectively improve diaphragm Thermal stability, and can have technical advantage in manufacturing cost, coated product consistency of thickness and coating layer thickness and weight Inorganic ceramic coating functionalization lithium ion battery isolation film, so that in the surface density for improving battery, coating water content is reduced, and The electrolyte for improving product protects liquid measure.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion Battery isolating film, including porous substrate and the inorganic ceramic function being attached at least one surface of the porous substrate Change coating, coating layer thickness is 1~10um;The inorganic ceramic coating includes plate boehmite particles, water soluble polymer thickening Agent, water milk type polymer binder and water-soluble polymeric binder;The average grain diameter D50 of the plate boehmite particles is 0.3~2.0um, D10 > 0.05um, D90 < 6.0um, D99 < 8.0um, with a thickness of 0.05~1.5um;The inorganic ceramic applies Layer slurry, calculates, plate boehmite particles 80.0~99.4%, water soluble polymer thickener 0.2~3.0% according to weight ratio, Water milk type polymer binder 0.2~15.0%, water-soluble polymeric binder 0.2~15.0%;The water milk type polymer is viscous Tying agent is the water droplet contact angle of its dry glue 80o~150oBetween hydrophobic polymer polymer, the water-soluble polymer is viscous Tying agent is melting temperature 120oC~400oPolarity high-melting-point high molecular polymer between C.
Beneficial effect is: firstly, boehmite is selected to substitute traditional alumina particle as inorganic ceramic particle.Boehmite Also known as boehmite, granule-morphology are uniform plate cube, have heat resisting temperature high, and hardness is low, chemistry and electrochemistry Many performance characteristics such as stability height are a kind of ideal inorganic materials.Secondly, to the partial size ruler of plate boehmite particles Selection, lesser particle size, relatively narrow size distribution and flat particle is optimized in very little and its distribution, thickness On the one hand pattern is conducive to the processing and fabricating of slurry, it is often more important that be conducive to the tightly packed to improve inorganic coating of particle Surface density, and then realize the purpose for maximizing and improving coating diaphragm heat resistance.Meanwhile the tightly packed of board-like material can reduce The coating thickness of inorganic coating and realize same improved heat resistance effect.Finally, due to the Mohs' hardness of boehmite about 3.0, Its density of material about 3.05g/cm3, and the Mohs' hardness of aluminium oxide about 9.0, density of material about 4.0g/cm3, boehmite slurry And coating will be far smaller than aluminium oxide to the abrasion of mixing plant, coating equipment and slitting blade in process of production, apply thickness The batch consistency of degree is easier to control, and the weight of coating can further decrease, and is more advantageous to lithium ion battery weight The promotion of energy density.
As improvement of the present invention, the weight of the plate boehmite particles accounts for the inorganic functional total coating weight Value range is 87.5~98.5%.
As improvement of the present invention, the water milk type polymer binder is the water droplet contact angle of its dry glue 100o~ 130oBetween hydrophobic polymer polymer.Beneficial effect is: containing seldom on water milk type polymer binder emulsion particle surface The polar hydrophilic group of amount, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino, low polar water milk type polymer binder be conducive to its Bonding on nonpolar polyalkene diaphragm surface, while it is possible to prevente effectively from binder under polarity electrolyte solvent system Swelling, to guarantee preferable coating adhesion, to guarantee that the inorganic functional coating on porous substrate surface is not easy to take off It falls.Higher dry glue water droplet contact angle means that inorganic coating surface has less hydrophilic radical, and painting can be effectively reduced The water content of layer and absorption to polar water molecules.If the hydrophobicity of emulsion binder further increases, will affect aqueous Slurry polyalkene diaphragm substrate surface wetting and sprawl, and then influence coating performance.
As improvement of the present invention, the water milk type polymer binder is phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, vinegar Sour ethene/acrylic ester copolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate/fatty acid vinyl ester copolymer emulsion, organosilicon acrylic ester copolymerization cream At least one of liquid and acrylate copolymer emulsion.
As improvement of the present invention, the weight of the water milk type polymer binder accounts for the inorganic functional coating gross weight The value range of amount is 0.5~10.0%.
As improvement of the present invention, the water-soluble polymeric binder is melting temperature 160oC~300oBetween C Polarity high-melting-point high molecular polymer.Beneficial effect is: the use of water-soluble polymeric binder can be in inorganic particle table Face forms hydrophily adsorption layer and generates electrostatic repulsion between particle, is conducive to suspension inorganic particle in aqueous solution Disperse and stablizes.Secondly, its polarity high-melting-point high molecular polymer compared with high melt temperature, can make the organic matter in coating high Molecularly Imprinted Polymer still keeps the structure of its macromolecular chain skeleton when inorganic compounding functionalization porous separation film encounters high temperature Stability is unlikely to generate serious contraction and deformation, to further improve the high high-temp stability of composite diaphragm.
As improvement of the present invention, the water-soluble polymeric binder is polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate or is The mixture of polyacrylic acid and polyacrylate.
As improvement of the present invention, the water-soluble polymeric binder is polyacrylic acid, Sodium Polyacrylate, polypropylene Sour potassium, Lithium polyacrylate, calcium polyacrylate (CPA), polyacrylic acid and Sodium Polyacrylate mixture, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid potassium Mixture, in the mixture of polyacrylic acid and Lithium polyacrylate and the mixture of polyacrylic acid and calcium polyacrylate (CPA) extremely Few one kind.
As improvement of the present invention, the weight of the water-soluble polymeric binder accounts for the inorganic functional coating gross weight The value range of amount is 0.5~10.0%.
As improvement of the present invention, the pH value of the aqueous solution of 20% concentration of water-soluble polymeric binder is 4~6 In the range of.
As improvement of the present invention, the water milk type polymer binder and water-soluble polymeric binder are respective heavy It is 0.5~10.0% that amount, which accounts for the value range of the inorganic functional total coating weight,.Beneficial effect is: in formula of size, bonding The dosage of agent has large effect to the performance of inorganic functional coating and diaphragm, if the dosage of binder is very few, will lead to inorganic The caking property of functional coating and diaphragm is deteriorated, and inorganic functional coating is easy to fall off in diaphragm and cell fabrication processes, influences nothing The performance of machine functional coating performance.Conversely, binder may block up if the dosage of binder is excessive (mass fraction is greater than 20%) The internal void of porous separation film is filled in, the inside lithium ion tunnel of lithium ion battery porous separation film is reduced, is increased internal Polarization, eventually affect the performance of battery performance.
As improvement of the present invention, the water soluble polymer thickener is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxylmethyl cellulose At least one of element, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol.
As improvement of the present invention, the weight of the water soluble polymer thickener accounts for the inorganic functional coating gross weight The value range of amount is 0.5~2.0%.
As improvement of the present invention, the value range of the thickness of the inorganic functional coating is 2~6um.
As improvement of the present invention, the porous substrate is polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, polypropylene, polyethylene/poly- Propylene composite membrane, cellulose membrane or be polyimide film.
As improvement of the present invention, the value range of the thickness of the porous substrate is 3~25um.
As improvement of the present invention, the value range of the porosity of the porous substrate is 20%~70%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film simultaneously, including Following steps:
Water-soluble binder dissolution is formed solution by the first step in deionized water;
Plate boehmite particles are dispersed in deionized water and the preparatory water soluble polymer thickener dissolved by second step, And it is mixed and is formed uniformly mixed dispersion liquid;
Solution and water milk type polymer binder that the first step obtains are added into the mixed dispersion liquid of second step for third step, point It dissipates uniformly, the weight for being adjusted to solid part accounts for the 10%~60% of the slurry total amount, obtains coating slurry;
4th step, the slurry that third step is obtained are coated in porous substrate at least by way of dimple version or extrusion coated On one surface, the inorganic ceramic coating functionalization lithium ion battery isolation film is obtained after drying.
Another object of the present invention is to provide include anode, cathode, the coating being interval between the positive electrode and negative electrode Functionalization porous separation film and electrolyte, the coating functions porous separation film are described in any of the above item Inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.
Relative to current organic/inorganic composite diaphragm, inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery of the invention every It is had the following characteristics that from film and the lithium ion battery
One, lower inorganic coating thickness and weight and more stable coating layer thickness batch consistency.
It is in optimized selection by particle size to plate boehmite particles and its distribution, thickness, lesser particle ruler On the one hand very little, relatively narrow size distribution and flat granule-morphology are conducive to the processing and fabricating of slurry, it is often more important that Be conducive to the tightly packed surface density to improve inorganic coating of particle, and then realize to maximize and improve coating diaphragm heat resistance Purpose.Meanwhile the tightly packed coating thickness that can reduce inorganic coating of board-like material and realize same improved heat resistance Effect.Due to the Mohs' hardness about 3.0 of boehmite, density of material about 3.05g/cm3, and the Mohs' hardness of aluminium oxide about 9.0, Its density of material about 4.0g/cm3, boehmite slurry and coating are in process of production to mixing plant, coating equipment and carving knife The abrasion of piece will be far smaller than aluminium oxide, and the batch consistency of coating layer thickness is easier to control, and the weight of coating can be into One step reduces, and is more advantageous to the promotion of lithium ion battery gravimetric energy density.
Two, extremely low coating water content and coating water absorption rate: since the present invention has selected the water of its dry glue
Contact angle is dripped 100o~130oBetween hydrophobicity emulsion type polymeric binder, can greatly reduce coating it is dry after The hygroscopicity of the water content of inorganic functional coating and subsequent diaphragm in storage and cell fabrication processes.It therefore, can be most Reduce to limits the decomposition reaction of electrolytic salt, it is ensured that the stabilization of battery performance, cycle life and security performance.
Three, excellent thermal stability: since the present invention has selected melting temperature 160oC~300oPolarity Gao Rong between C Point high molecular polymer can make the organic matter high molecular polymer in coating in compound function as water-soluble polymeric binder Can change the structural stability that its macromolecular chain skeleton is still kept when porous separation film encounters high temperature, inhibit serious contraction and Deformation, to further improve the high high-temp stability of composite diaphragm.Good heat resistanceheat resistant shrinkage can reduce battery in height The abnormal conditions such as temperature are because of positive and negative anodes short-circuit risks caused by diaphragm retracts.
Four, excellent coating adhesion: since the present invention has selected low polar emulsion type in adhesive coating system The compound system of polymeric binder and water-soluble polymeric binder, can be between plate boehmite particles and boehmite Grain porous isolating membrane between formed it is dotted and planar come into full contact with and bond, to guarantee preferable coating adhesion.
Five, the wetting of excellent electrolyte and water retainability: due to inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium-ion electric of the invention The inorganic coating of pond isolation film has biggish porosity compared to organic porous substrate and has to electrolyte higher affine Property, therefore, electrolyte can be significantly improved to the wetability inside battery interface and increases the electrolyte ownership of battery, from And improve the cycle performance of battery.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the content of the present invention will be further explained, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously It is not limited solely to content described in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film
Coating slurry formula is based on siccative weight percent, and coating slurry is by 3 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsions, 3 Wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 1 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 93 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Wherein, plate is vigorous The average grain diameter D50 of nurse stone particle is 0.6um, D10 0.2um, D90 2.6um, D99 3.7um, with a thickness of 0.3um.Water Newborn type polymeric binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water-soluble polymerization Object binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, In, the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The preparation process of coating slurry is as follows:
(1) firstly, Lithium polyacrylate dissolution is formed the solution that concentration is 20 wt% in deionized water by the above formula;
(2) secondly, plate boehmite particles are dispersed in deionized water and the preparatory sodium carboxymethylcellulose dissolved, and will It is uniformly mixed and forms mixed dispersion liquid;
(3) finally, the Lithium polyacrylate solution and water milk type polymer dissolved in advance is added into above mixed dispersion liquid Binder phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, is uniformly dispersed, and arrives required coating slurry to obtain the final product with 150 mesh net filtrations.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 2um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 14um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
The preparation of cathode:
Using graphite as negative electrode active material, weight content is 95 wt%, and using butadiene-styrene rubber as polymeric binder, weight contains Amount is 3 wt%;Using carbon black as conductive agent.
It is negative electrode active material that cathode, which selects graphite, feeds intake according to formula and prepares negative electrode slurry.It designs, starches by cathode formula Expect that solid component includes the negative electrode active material of 94 wt%, butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) polymeric binder of 3 wt%, the carboxylic of 1 wt% The conductive black of sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce polymer viscosifier and 2 wt%.Negative electrode slurry uses deionized water molten as dispersing Agent, the solid content of slurry are 42 wt%.
Deionized water and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are added in blender by the above proportion, is sufficiently stirred and dissolves To aqueous polymer solution.Conductive black is added in the aqueous polymer solution dissolved by formula again, is quickly stirred Being ground to fineness is 5 μm hereinafter, graphite then is added by formula, and dispersion stirs evenly, and finally vacuumizes removing bubble.With 150 Mesh net filtration arrives required negative electrode slurry to obtain the final product.
The manufactured slurry is equably coated in the copper foil two sides with a thickness of 10 μm, then pole piece is compacted to one with roll squeezer Determine thickness, cut-parts, soldering polar ear obtains cathode pole piece.
The preparation of anode:
Anode selects cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO2) it is active material, it feeds intake according to formula and prepares anode sizing agent.It is designed by anode formula, Slurry solids ingredient includes the positive active material of 92 wt%, Kynoar (PVDF) binder of 5 wt% and 3 wt% Conductive black.Anode sizing agent uses N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as dispersion solvent, and the solid content of slurry is 45 wt%。
N-Methyl pyrrolidone and Kynoar are added in mixer grinder by the above proportion, are sufficiently stirred Dissolution obtains the polymer solution of Kynoar.The Kynoar dissolved is added in conductive black by formula again to gather In polymer solution, quick agitation grinding to fineness is 5 μm hereinafter, cobalt acid lithium then is added by formula, and dispersion stirs evenly, finally Vacuumize removing bubble.Required anode sizing agent is obtained with the filtering of 150 mesh stainless steel mesh.
Above-mentioned manufactured slurry is equably coated in the aluminium foil two sides with a thickness of 12 μm, is dried, then with roll squeezer by pole piece It is compacted to certain thickness, cut-parts, soldering polar ear obtains anode pole piece.
The preparation of electrolyte:
Ethylene carbonate EC, propene carbonate PC and dimethyl carbonate DMC are configured to mixed solvent according to volume ratio 3:3:4, Then lithium salts lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF is added6), prepare LiPF6Concentration be 1M, obtain electrolyte after mixing evenly.
The assembling of battery:
Above-mentioned anode pole piece, inorganic/organic complex function porous separation film and cathode pole piece are wound into battery core, plastic-aluminum is multiple Film encapsulation is closed, vacuum state baking injects quantitative electrolyte after removing moisture, carries out chemical conversion and volume test to battery, obtain thickness The square flexible package lithium ion of width long respectively 3.4mm, 26mm, 90mm.
Embodiment 2
Coating slurry formula based on siccative weight percent, coating slurry by 10 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsions, 0.5 wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 2 wt% sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 87.5 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Wherein, The average grain diameter D50 of plate boehmite particles be 0.6um, D10 0.2um, D90 2.6um, D99 3.7um, with a thickness of 0.3um.Water milk type polymer binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water Molten type polymeric binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent be go from Sub- water, wherein the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 3um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 15um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Rest part is same as Example 1, no longer repeats herein.
Embodiment 3
Coating slurry formula is based on siccative weight percent, and coating slurry is by 2 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsions, 2 Wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 1 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 95 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Wherein, plate is vigorous The average grain diameter D50 of nurse stone particle is 0.6um, D10 0.2um, D90 2.6um, D99 3.7um, with a thickness of 0.3um.Water Newborn type polymeric binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water-soluble polymerization Object binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, In, the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 4um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 16um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.Rest part is same as Example 1, no longer repeats herein.
Embodiment 4
Coating slurry formula is based on siccative weight percent, and coating slurry is by 1 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, 15 Wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 2 wt% sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 82 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Wherein, plate is vigorous The average grain diameter D50 of nurse stone particle is 1.0um, D10 0.3um, D90 2.8um, D99 4.0um, with a thickness of 0.3um.Water Newborn type polymeric binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water-soluble polymerization Object binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, In, the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 3um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 15um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Rest part is same as Example 1, no longer repeats herein.
Embodiment 5
Coating slurry formula based on siccative weight percent, coating slurry by 0.2 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, 0.2 wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 0.2 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 99.4 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Its In, the average grain diameter D50 of plate boehmite particles is 1.0um, D10 0.3um, D90 2.9um, D99 4.5um, with a thickness of 0.6um.Water milk type polymer binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water Molten type polymeric binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent be go from Sub- water, wherein the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 3um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 15um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Rest part is same as Example 1, no longer repeats herein.
Embodiment 6
Coating slurry formula is based on siccative weight percent, and coating slurry is by 15 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsions, 2 Wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 3 wt% sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 80 wt% plate boehmite particles, four part composition.Wherein, plate is vigorous The average grain diameter D50 of nurse stone particle is 1.0um, D10 0.3um, D90 2.9um, D99 4.5um, with a thickness of 0.6um.Water Newborn type polymeric binder selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, and dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water-soluble polymerization Object binder selects Lithium polyacrylate, and melting temperature is about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, In, the weight of solid part accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 4um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 16um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Rest part is same as Example 1, no longer repeats herein.
Comparative example 1
Coating slurry formula is based on siccative weight percent, and coating slurry is by 3 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsions, 3 Wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 1 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 93 wt% alumina particle, four part composition.Wherein, alumina particle Average grain diameter D50 be 0.8um, D10 0.3um, D90 2.6um, D99 4.0um.Water milk type polymer binder is selected Phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, dry glue water droplet contact angle are 125o.Water-soluble polymeric binder selects polyacrylic acid Lithium, melting temperature are about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, wherein the weight of solid part accounts for described About 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 3um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 15um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Comparative example 2
Coating slurry formula based on siccative weight percent, coating slurry by 0.5 wt% phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, 0.5 wt% Lithium polyacrylate, 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 98.5 wt% alumina particle, four part composition.Wherein, oxygen The average grain diameter D50 for changing alumina particles is 0.8um, D10 0.3um, D90 2.6um, D99 4.0um.Water milk type polymer is viscous It ties agent and selects phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, dry glue water droplet contact angle is 125o.Water-soluble polymeric binder is selected Lithium polyacrylate, melting temperature are about 180oC.In slurry configuration process, solvent is deionized water, wherein the weight of solid part Amount accounts for about 40 wt% of slurry total weight.
The coating slurry as made from the above method is coated in a thickness of the poly- of 12um using the micro- gravure coater of reverse roll In the one side of ethylene microporous membrane (porosity 40%), coating layer thickness is about 4um, obtains the inorganic pottery that overall thickness is about 16um Porcelain coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film.Porosity with mercury injection apparatus measurement composite porous film is 41%, micro- with polyethylene The basic indifference of the porosity of hole film.
Embodiment 1 to 6 and comparative example 1, the performance of comparative example 2 are compared as follows shown in table 1:
By above-mentioned table 1 it is found that (1) is in terms of the thermal contraction of composite diaphragm, under same coating thickness, embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 Being heat-shrinked both less than comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 can be under the coating layer thickness of 2um, 3um for plate boehmite coating Reach the heat-resisting effect of aluminium oxide 3um, 4um coating layer thickness, it is possible thereby to significantly reduce diaphragm coating layer thickness, improves lithium-ion electric The volume energy density in pond.In addition, the partial size and thickness of plate boehmite particles also have a certain impact to the heat resistance of coating. It can be seen that plate boehmite particles affect the thermal contraction performance of lithium ion battery separator, and with its particle size, thickness and Coating layer thickness is related.
(2) in terms of the surface density of inorganic coating, under same coating thickness, by embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 it is found that plate The surface density of coating can be significantly reduced in the application of boehmite particles, improves the gravimetric energy density of lithium ion battery.
(3) in terms of the water content of inorganic coating, by embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 it is found that plate boehmite particles are due to it Bulk density with higher can realize preferable coating heat resistance with relatively thin coating layer thickness, so while it applies thickness The reduction of degree can equally be substantially reduced the moisture content of inorganic coating, and the long-term circulation for being more conducive to lithium ion battery is special Property.
(4) in terms of the electrolyte of inorganic coating protects liquid measure, by embodiment 1 to embodiment 6 it is found that plate boehmite particles It, can be real under same inorganic coating thickness due to the accumulation advantage of its electrolyte compatibility and plate-like particles with higher Existing higher electrolyte liquid-keeping property, is more conducive to the long-term cycle characteristics of lithium ion battery.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film, including porous substrate and it is attached to the porosity Inorganic ceramic functional coating at least one surface of substrate, coating layer thickness are 1~10um;The inorganic ceramic coating packet Rubbing board shape boehmite particles, water soluble polymer thickener, water milk type polymer binder and water-soluble polymeric binder;Its Be characterized in that: the average grain diameter D50 of the plate boehmite particles be 0.3~2.0um, D10 > 0.05um, D90 < 6.0um, D99 < 8.0um, with a thickness of 0.05~1.5um;The inorganic ceramic coating slurry, calculates according to weight ratio, plate boehmite Grain 80.0~99.4%, water soluble polymer thickener 0.2~3.0%, water milk type polymer binder 0.2~15.0%, water-soluble Polymeric binder 0.2~15.0%;The water milk type polymer binder is the water droplet contact angle of its dry glue 80o~150oIt Between hydrophobic polymer polymer, the water-soluble polymeric binder be melting temperature 120oC~400oPole between C Property high-melting-point high molecular polymer.
2. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plate The average grain diameter D50 of shape boehmite particles be 0.6~1.0um, D10 > 0.1um, D90 < 3.0um, D99 < 4.0um, with a thickness of 0.1~0.7um, BET are 3~10m2/g。
3. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plate The value range that the weight of shape boehmite particles accounts for the inorganic functional total coating weight is 87.5~98.5%.
4. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water Newborn type polymeric binder be phenylethylene ethylene/propenoic acid ester copolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate/acrylate copolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate/ At least one of fatty acid vinyl ester copolymer emulsion, organosilicon acrylic ester copolymerization emulsion and acrylate copolymer emulsion.
5. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water Newborn type polymeric binder is the water droplet contact angle of its dry glue 100o~130oBetween hydrophobic polymer polymer.
6. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water The value range that the weight of newborn type polymeric binder accounts for the inorganic functional total coating weight is 0.5~10.0%.
7. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water Molten type polymeric binder is polyacrylic acid, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, Lithium polyacrylate, calcium polyacrylate (CPA), polypropylene Acid is mixed with the mixture of Sodium Polyacrylate, the mixture of polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid potassium, polyacrylic acid and Lithium polyacrylate Close object and at least one of polyacrylic acid and the mixture of calcium polyacrylate (CPA);Wherein, third is birdsed of the same feather flock together for polyacrylic acid and respectively The mixture of olefin(e) acid salt, calculating its respective proportional region according to weight ratio is 20:80 to 80:20.
8. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water Molten type polymeric binder is melting temperature 160oC~300oPolarity high-melting-point high molecular polymer between C.
9. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water The pH value of the aqueous solution of molten 20% concentration of type polymeric binder is in the range of 4~6.
10. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The value range that the weight of water-soluble polymeric binder accounts for the inorganic functional total coating weight is 0.5~10.0%.
11. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Water soluble polymer thickener is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, seaweed At least one of sour sodium and polyvinyl alcohol.
12. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The value range that the weight of water soluble polymer thickener accounts for the inorganic functional total coating weight is 0.5~2.0%.
13. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The value range of the thickness of inorganic functional coating is 2~6um.
14. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Porous substrate is polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene composite film, cellulose membrane or polyimides Film.
15. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: described The value range of the thickness of porous substrate is 3~25um.
16. inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: described The value range of the porosity of porous substrate is 20%~70%.
17. a kind of preparation method of inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film described in claim 1, feature It is, comprising the following steps:
Water-soluble binder dissolution is formed solution by the first step in deionized water;
Plate boehmite particles are dispersed in deionized water and the preparatory water soluble polymer thickener dissolved by second step, And it is mixed and is formed uniformly mixed dispersion liquid;
Solution and water milk type polymer binder that the first step obtains are added into the mixed dispersion liquid of second step for third step, point It dissipates uniformly, the weight for being adjusted to solid part accounts for the 10%~60% of the slurry total amount, obtains coating slurry;
4th step, the slurry that third step is obtained are coated in porous substrate at least by way of dimple version or extrusion coated On one surface, the inorganic ceramic coating functions lithium ion battery isolation film is obtained after drying.
18. a kind of lithium ion battery, including anode, cathode, the porous separation film being interval between the positive electrode and negative electrode, with And electrolyte, it is characterised in that: the porous separation film is nothing described in any one of claims 1 to 16 claim Machine ceramic coated functionalization lithium ion battery isolation film.
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Application publication date: 20181207