CN108957560A - A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space - Google Patents
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space Download PDFInfo
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- CN108957560A CN108957560A CN201810571302.2A CN201810571302A CN108957560A CN 108957560 A CN108957560 A CN 108957560A CN 201810571302 A CN201810571302 A CN 201810571302A CN 108957560 A CN108957560 A CN 108957560A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, this method selects multiple supply terminals in the good position of the grounding requirements such as the detecting area such as greenbelt of cities and towns block, it is powered simultaneously by multiple supply terminals, reduce the current strength that single supply terminals passes through, reduce security risk, enhance electrical signal intensity simultaneously, improves anti-electromagnetic interference capability；Using frequency domain signal, cities and towns strong electromagnetic is avoided as far as possible；Using reusable expansion electrode, improve the grounding requirement of electrode, improves supply current and accuracy of data acquisition；Using any position cloth pole mode, the interference of the blockings such as urban housing is reduced；The resistivity calculation formula for any electrode powered simultaneously using multiple supply terminals obtains the electrical prospecting achievement of the cities and towns underground space.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation methods that multiple supply terminals suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space are powered simultaneously.
Background technique
Underground space safety in cities and towns is more and more important at present, and safety problem is also increasingly severe.It more effectively to analyze
The safety of the cities and towns underground space needs to solve following Railway Project: 1, humanity electromagnetic interference in cities and towns is larger, therefore needs to improve as far as possible
Acquire the quality of data；2, cities and towns personnel activity is frequent, needs to exclude the security risk in investigation and prospecting；3, cities and towns hard surface compared with
It is more, if needing to solve the problem with grounding of electrode using conduction type electrical method；4, town buildings is more, stops serious, power supply
The limitation of the arrangement of point and measurement point is seriously more many than underpopulated field environment.
Mainly have in the geophysical prospecting method of the cities and towns underground space at present: earthquake class geophysical method, hyperfrequency
Electromagnetic method, transient electromagnetic method, High Density Resistivity etc..
Earthquake class geophysical method obtains the geological characteristics of underground using the characteristic of vibration wave, to judge each of underground
Kind construction, geologic body, anomalous body etc..Due to cities and towns, personnel activity is frequent, and various vibration sources form strong interference, causes in city
It is difficult to get reliable results in town.
Hyperfrequency electromagnetic method such as geological radar can obtain good resolution ratio due to the electromagnetic wave using ultra-high frequency
And precision, but due to the strong humane electromagnetic interference and vibration interference in cities and towns, cause in cities and towns using hyperfrequency electromagnetic method into
Row exploration when, it is also difficult to get reliable results, in some effects of Local topography, but depth of exploration is limited, substantially 20 meters with
Shallowly, it is difficult to provide more effective guidance safely for the underground space in cities and towns.
The emission system and reception system of transient electromagnetic method can accomplish it is earth-free, so as to well solve cities and towns
The problem of imperfect earth caused by hard surface is more, but since emission system uses earth-free mode, so as to cause transmitting letter
It number is difficult to enhance, the another earth-free signal for also causing to receive of reception system is also weaker, so as to cause the anti-human message of this method
Magnetic disturbance ability further dies down.And this method is for metal object sensitivity, it is easy to by the interference of the various metal objects in cities and towns, from
And limit the application that this method is detected in the cities and towns underground space.
High Density Resistivity belongs to conduction type electrical method, and this method signal is stronger, can suppress humane electricity to a certain extent
Magnetic disturbance, but due to using direct current signal mode, the pressing result of strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns is need to be improved；Separately
This method uses common metal electrode, for the hard surface problem in cities and towns, it is difficult to solve；When another this method is powered every time, most
For multiselect with 2 supply terminals, the signal for being transferred to the earth is weaker, it is also difficult to adapt to strong man's text electromagnetic interference environment in cities and towns；Separately should
Method uses dedicated multicore cable, is easy to be rolled damage in the frequent cities and towns of personnel activity；Separately due to using dedicated multicore
Cable, nor adapting to very much the environment that town buildings stops.
The above problem based on the prior art, therefore ground it is necessary to carry out the method for being more suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space
Study carefully.
Summary of the invention:
Based on various problems present in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of electricity suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space
Method exploitation method improves the underground of extreme terrain morphologic region to carry out solution or improvement to a certain extent to the above problem
Space exploration effect and efficiency.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space proposed by the invention, it is characterised in that:
Existing cities and towns are generally divided into block independent, generally have highway to pass through between block and block, road
While being distributed the wider greenbelt of range, greenbelt grounding requirement is good, is conducive to the power supply and signal acquisition of conduction type electrical method.Often
Highway around a block is that polygon generally can simplify if doing simplification as quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon etc..
The characteristics of based on cities and towns block, in the location arrangements of the suitable arrangement supply terminals such as the greenbelt on block surrounding highway side
Supply terminals, and current electrode (preferably using reusable expansion electrode) is arranged on supply terminals, selection is multiple to supply simultaneously
The supply terminals (the power supply points of preferably power supply simultaneously are equal to the simplified polygon number of edges of highway around block) of electricity is using electricity
Method transmitter feeds current signal to underground simultaneously by being connected to the conducting wire of supply terminals, records the electric current that each supply terminals passes through
Value；Inside block and edge selection is suitable for arranging the location arrangements measurement point of measurement point (measuring electrode in measurement point being preferred
Using reusable expansion electrode), all measurement points are obtained by being connected to the conducting wire of measurement point using electrical method receiver
On potential difference and swash electric data；The position for some supply terminals at least changing while powering repeats power supply and measurement work
Make, obtain the potential difference in all measurement points and swashs electric data；The normalized device coefficient powered simultaneously using multiple supply terminals
The resistivity data that corresponding measurement point when corresponding supply terminals is powered is calculated with resistivity calculation formula, to the resistance of all measurement points
Rate and sharp electric data are carried out at map analysis and later period inversion procedure, to obtain the electrical prospecting achievement of the cities and towns underground space.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that while the power supply points of power supply
Preferably not less than 3.The electrical signal intensity on measuring point can be increased by increasing supply terminals quantity simultaneously, enhance the noise of data
Than data precision being improved, to obtain better exploration effects.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that electrical method transmitter is transferred to often
Absolute value of voltage on a supply terminals is no more than 36 volts.Because cities and towns personnel activity is frequent, it is difficult to accomplish nobody in exploration area
Member's activity, or realize that the cost without personnel's moving target is big, therefore in order to avoid causing safety accident, using no more than 36 volts
Safe voltage, but in order to improve the quality of data, it needs to increase the signal strength on measuring point, therefore preferably uses more supply terminals while supplying
Electricity suppresses strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that electrical method transmitter passes through power supply
Point feeds the current signal optimized frequency domain signal of underground.Since the humane electromagnetic interference in cities and towns is strong, in order to further suppress
Interference, the current signal in selected frequency domain facilitate compacting interference, the quality of data are improved, to obtain the higher exploration of precision
Precision.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that current electrode and measuring electrode
It is preferred that using reusable expansion electrode.Although can solved the problems, such as to a certain degree using common metal electrode, by
Wide in the distribution of cities and towns hard surface, many measuring points are difficult to get reliable electric signal, therefore suggest to weigh in hard surface use
The expansion electrode used again reduces the ground resistance rate of electrode, enhances signal strength and precision.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that multiple supply terminals are powered simultaneously
Resistivity calculation formula beWherein ρMNFor the resistivity between measurement point M and N；UMNTo survey
The potential difference between point M and N is measured, unit is millivolt；IjThe electric current that j-th of supply terminals passes through when powering simultaneously for multiple supply terminals
Value, unit is milliampere；KjJ-th of supply terminals A when powering simultaneously for multiple supply terminalsjWith the normalized device system of measurement point M and N
Number, unit is rice；Wherein AjM is j-th of confession when multiple supply terminals are powered simultaneously
Electric point AjThe distance between measurement point M, unit is rice；AjN is j-th of supply terminals A when multiple supply terminals are powered simultaneouslyjWith survey
The distance between point N is measured, unit is rice；J is positive integer greater than 1, and the used confession of when its maximum number is equal to while powering
Electricity points X.
A kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, characterized in that be connected on each supply terminals
The conducting wire that electrical method receiver is connected on the conducting wire of electrical method transmitter and each measuring electrode is the conducting wire of peripheral band insulating layer.
Using electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention, there are following several clear advantages: 1, the confession due to powering simultaneously
Electricity point dispersed placement, reduces the shielding action between supply terminals, can improve power supply current value as far as possible, to improve measurement point
On potential difference intensity, improve the ability of compacting electromagnetic interference, increase signal-to-noise ratio, improve exploration effects and efficiency；2, due to adopting
It takes multiple supply terminals while powering, the signal strength in measurement point can be increased, have more preferably to strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns
Suppression, improve exploration effects and efficiency；It 3, can be with due to there is the influence of the field source of multiple supply terminals in each measurement point
Isolated influence of the single field source on the resistivity of measurement point and sharp electric data is reduced, to improve the resistivity of acquisition and swash electric number
According to the resistivity of more direct response measurement point lower part and the ability of sharp electric distribution characteristics, exploration effects are improved；4, since use can
The expansion electrode of reuse can reduce the ground resistance of hard surface to a certain extent, obtain the higher data of precision；
5, due to that can be suitble to avoid the security risk in power supply process in personnel activity's frequency using the safe voltage for being no more than 36 volts
It carries out the work in numerous cities and towns；6, due to selected frequency domain electric signal, strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns can be further avoided, is mentioned
High exploration effects and efficiency；7, due to using multiple supply terminals powering mode simultaneously, the electric signal obtained in the same measurement point
It can reflect the geologic feature of different location, different directions, more especially because building blocking can not carry out conventional survey
Position, also can be by some geologic features of the pattern acquiring, to solve the problems, such as conventional method because stopping not exploring.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 for the mentioned method of the present invention field arrangement schematic diagram；
Potential analogue result figure (the wherein supply terminals A that Fig. 2 powers simultaneously for 4 supply terminals of the mentioned method of the present invention1、A2
By current direction it is identical, supply terminals A3、A4By current direction it is identical, supply terminals A1、A2By current direction with and
Supply terminals A3、A4By current direction on the contrary, isopleth in figure is current potential isopleth)；
Fig. 3 is Potential analogue result figure (the wherein supply terminals A that 2 conventional supply terminals are powered simultaneously1、A3By electric current
Absolute value is identical, and current direction is on the contrary, the isopleth in figure is current potential isopleth, supply terminals A2、A4It does not power)；
Fig. 4 is Potential analogue result figure (the wherein supply terminals A that 2 conventional supply terminals are powered simultaneously2、A4By electric current
Absolute value is identical, and current direction is on the contrary, the isopleth in figure is current potential isopleth, supply terminals A1、A3It does not power)；
A in figurenRepresent the number of the supply terminals of different location；
Solid circles in Fig. 1 are the supply terminals of arrangement, and B is electrical method transmitter, and C is electrical method receiver, and D is conducting wire, empty
Heart triangle is the measurement point of arrangement, and M and N are measurement point, and H is the obstacles such as building in detecting area, and R is the public affairs on detecting area periphery
Road, dotted line are highway side.
Specific embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 combination specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Assuming that cities and towns block as shown in Figure 1 is detected using exploitation method proposed by the present invention, in the block surrounding
Highway side selects suitable position to arrange multiple supply terminals, it is assumed that 14 supply terminals are selected in this block altogether, are respectively designated as An(wherein
N is the integer between 1 to 14), and arrange current electrode；Inside block and edge selection suitable position arranges measurement point, and
Arrange measuring electrode.
It is assumed that this detection operations selects 4 supply terminals to power simultaneously, then A is selected respectively1、A5、A8、A11As for the first time
4 supply terminals of power supply simultaneously；4 supply terminals are connected with electrical method transmitter B by conducting wire, are selected and supply terminals A1And A5Phase
Conducting wire even is connected to the "+" pole output end of electrical method transmitter B, with supply terminals A8And A11Connected conducting wire is connected to electrical method transmission
The "-" pole output end of machine B, and measure and pass through 4 supply terminals A1、A5、A8、A11Current value I1、I5、I8、I11.Control electrical method hair
Send the output voltage of machine B not higher than 36 volts.
2 measurement points are arbitrarily chosen, arrange measuring electrode on measurement point M and N, are measured using electrical method receiver C
Potential difference U between point M and NMNWith sharp power information.
Supply terminals A is calculated by supply terminals and the coordinate of measurement point1、A5、A8、A11The distance between to measurement point M and N
A1M、A5M、A8M、A11M、A1N、A5N、A8N、A11N。
Using formulaCalculate separately 4 current electrode (A1、A5、A8、A11)
With the normalized device COEFFICIENT K of measurement point M and N1、K5、K8、K11, wherein the π in formula is pi；AiM is No. i-th supply terminals
AiThe distance between measurement point M, unit is rice；AiN is No. i-th supply terminals AiThe distance between measurement point N, unit is rice；
I is while the supply terminals of power supply is numbered.
Formula is used againIt calculates on measurement point M and N
Acquired resistivity data, wherein ρMNFor the resistivity between measurement point M and N；UMNFor the current potential between measurement point M and N
Difference, unit are millivolt；I1、I5、I8、I11To pass through 4 supply terminals A1、A5、A8、A11Current value, unit is milliampere；K1、K5、
K8、K11Respectively 4 current electrode (A1、A5、A8、A11) with the normalized device coefficient of measurement point M and N, unit is rice.
Electrical method receiver C is all made of to other measurement points surveyed in area and measures corresponding potential difference UMNWith sharp electric data, and
Using the normalized device COEFFICIENT K of corresponding measurement pointiAnd electricalresistivityρMNCalculation formula, seek the resistivity knot of all measuring points
Fruit, to get 4 current electrode (A1、A5、A8、A11) simultaneously power supply entire survey area in all measuring points resistivity and
Swash electricity result.
If wanting to obtain the more detailed geological information of this detecting area, at least 4 supply terminals (A1、A5、A8、A11) on
A current electrode in current electrode is moved to other supply terminals, such as 4 supply terminals (A1、A5、A8、A11) on power supply electricity
Pole is moved to supply terminals (A respectively2、A6、A9、A12) on, then implement to repeat power supply and measuring process, it is same to obtain other multiple supply terminals
When the resistivity of all measurement points and swash electric result when powering.At least one power supply on the supply terminals for moving while powering again
Electrode measures the resistivity of all measurement points again and swashs electricity as a result, until completing to survey in area to other supply terminals positions
The powered operation of all supply terminals, the measurement work of all measurement points for surveying area, to obtain whole detections of detecting area
Achievement carries out the geologic feature judgement that the detecting area underground space is obtained at map analysis or inversion procedure to all detection achievements.
The Potential analogue result figure powered simultaneously from 4 supply terminals of the mentioned method of Fig. 2 present invention and Fig. 3, Fig. 4 routine
The Potential analogue result figure comparison that 2 supply terminals are powered simultaneously is it can be found that the Potential analogue result of the mentioned method of the present invention is electric
The equivalent line density in position is bigger and wider for the coverage area of detecting area, will obtain more preferably exploration effects, also can more mention
High exploration efficiency.
Using electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention, there are following several clear advantages: 1, the confession due to powering simultaneously
Electricity point dispersed placement, reduces the shielding action between supply terminals, can improve power supply current value as far as possible, to improve measurement point
On potential difference intensity, improve the ability of compacting electromagnetic interference, increase signal-to-noise ratio, improve exploration effects and efficiency；2, due to adopting
It takes multiple supply terminals while powering, the signal strength in measurement point can be increased, have more preferably to strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns
Suppression, improve exploration effects and efficiency；It 3, can be with due to there is the influence of the field source of multiple supply terminals in each measurement point
Isolated influence of the single field source on the resistivity of measurement point and sharp electric data is reduced, to improve the resistivity of acquisition and swash electric number
According to the resistivity of more direct response measurement point lower part and the ability of sharp electric distribution characteristics, exploration effects are improved；4, since use can
The expansion electrode of reuse can reduce the ground resistance of hard surface to a certain extent, obtain the higher data of precision；
5, due to that can be suitble to avoid the security risk in power supply process in personnel activity's frequency using the safe voltage for being no more than 36 volts
It carries out the work in numerous cities and towns；6, due to selected frequency domain electric signal, strong man's message magnetic disturbance in cities and towns can be further avoided, is mentioned
High exploration effects and efficiency；7, due to using multiple supply terminals powering mode simultaneously, the electric signal obtained in the same measurement point
It can reflect the geologic feature of different location, different directions, more especially because building blocking can not carry out conventional survey
Position, also can be by some geologic features of the pattern acquiring, to solve the problems, such as conventional method because stopping not exploring.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space, which is characterized in that the step of this method is as follows:
A) it is suitble to the position for arranging supply terminals that supply terminals is set in detecting area, and selects multiple supply terminals logical using electrical method transmitter
The conducting wire for being connected to supply terminals is crossed simultaneously to underground infeed current signal, records the current value that each supply terminals passes through；
B) it is suitable for the position setting measurement point for arranging measurement point with edge selection inside detecting area, is passed through using electrical method receiver
The conducting wire for being connected to measurement point obtains the potential difference in all measurement points and swashs electric data；
C) position for some supply terminals at least changing while powering repeats power supply and measurement work, obtains all measurements
Potential difference and sharp electric data on point；
D) the normalized device coefficient and resistivity calculation formula powered simultaneously using multiple supply terminals are calculated corresponding supply terminals and supplied
The resistivity data of corresponding measurement point when electric carries out into map analysis and later period inversion procedure all resistivity and sharp electric data,
To obtain the electrical prospecting achievement of detecting area.
2. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that simultaneously
The power supply points of power supply are preferably not less than 3.
3. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that electrical method
Transmitter is transferred to the absolute value of voltage on each supply terminals no more than 36 volts.
4. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that electrical method
Transmitter feeds the current signal optimized frequency domain signal of underground by supply terminals.
5. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that power supply
The measuring electrode on current electrode and measurement point on point preferably uses reusable expansion electrode.
6. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that multiple
Supply terminals simultaneously power resistivity calculation formula beWherein ρMNBetween measurement point M and N
Resistivity；UMNFor the potential difference between measurement point M and N, unit is millivolt；IjJ-th of confession when powering simultaneously for multiple supply terminals
The current value that electricity point passes through, unit is milliampere；KjJ-th of supply terminals A when powering simultaneously for multiple supply terminalsjWith measurement point M and N
Normalized device coefficient, unit is rice；Wherein AjM is that multiple supply terminals are same
When j-th of supply terminals A when poweringjThe distance between measurement point M, unit is rice；AjN is jth when multiple supply terminals are powered simultaneously
A supply terminals AjThe distance between measurement point N, unit is rice；J is the positive integer greater than 1, and its maximum number is equal to while supplying
Used power supply points X when electric.
7. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that each
The conducting wire that electrical method transmitter is connected on supply terminals is the conducting wire of peripheral band insulating layer.
8. a kind of electrical prospecting method suitable for the detection of the cities and towns underground space as described in claim 1, characterized in that each
The conducting wire that electrical method receiver is connected in measurement point is the conducting wire of peripheral band insulating layer.
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| CN113031080A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-25 | 中南大学 | New induced polarization method adopting simple polarization constant |
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