CN108956291A - It is a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering - Google Patents
It is a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956291A CN108956291A CN201810622032.3A CN201810622032A CN108956291A CN 108956291 A CN108956291 A CN 108956291A CN 201810622032 A CN201810622032 A CN 201810622032A CN 108956291 A CN108956291 A CN 108956291A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
- G01N2203/0087—Resistance to crushing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering, belongs to rock mechanics and engineering testing field, for assessing the mechanics stabilization and supporting safety problem of deep engineering rock excavation.It includes that equivalent sphere stress state applies and equivalent sphere stress loading two steps of shearing;According to deep engineering, Stress calculation obtains its equivalent spheric stress to the application of equivalent sphere stress state in situ, and applies the spheric stress value to rock or concrete;The spheric stress value reaches constant when equivalent spheric stress, can load vertical stress at this time and reduce lateral stress, until sample destroys.According to deep engineering, Stress calculation obtains its equivalent spheric stress to the present invention in situ, and it shears to obtain the shear strength under rock or the concrete path by equivalent sphere stress loading, it realizes the assessment to rock in deep engineering or concrete mechanics intensity and deformational behavior, finally serves the mechanics stabilization and supporting security evaluation of deep rock engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering.
Background technique
It is that China's energy strategy disposes the new direction adjusted, the tune instantly that the energy development of deep ground and strategic resource underground, which store,
It is whole to make engineering construction activity further to developing deeply.The engineering construction of deep ground is faced with and the different geology ring of superficial portion engineering
Border and engineering construction condition, thus need to develop new methods and techniques, assess the stabilization of deep ground engineering excavation rock mass, chamber peace
Complete and corresponding supporting evaluation.
Evaluation rock excavation perturbing area rock strength and deformation are based substantially on uniaxial or normal triaxial compression test knot
Fruit and be unfolded, the lateral stress in experiment remains unchanged always, it is clear that the proof stress path with excavate elastic stress be not inconsistent.
It is corresponding to take to assess deep excavation area country rock safety therefore, it is necessary to develop the new test method for meeting the Stress relief path
Control measure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering, this method
Accurate evaluation method and foundation are provided for deep rock mass engineering project building security.
To achieve the goals above, the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength for assessing deep engineering of the invention, packet
It includes:
S1, foundation deep engineering original position crustal stress, calculate equivalent spheric stress corresponding with deep engineering, described to answer in situ
Power includes two lateral stress of vertical stress and horizontal direction;
S2, apply the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ to rock or concrete to be tested;
S3, when the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 is identical as the equivalent spheric stress,
The spheric stress for keeping the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 equivalent is constant, and to the rock or concrete to be tested
Increase the value of vertical stress, and reduces the value of lateral stress;
S4, when the rock or concrete to be tested destroy, obtain vertical stress and lateral stress value;
S5, according to the vertical stress of acquisition and the value of lateral stress, assess the rock of the rock or concrete to be tested
Body intensity.
Optionally, the rock or concrete to be tested are cylindrical body.
Optionally, the value for increasing vertical stress to the rock to be tested or concrete in the step S3, and
Reduce the value of lateral stress, comprising:
S31, excavated according to deep engineering caused by vertical stress variable quantity, to the rock or concrete to be tested according to
Secondary increase vertical stress, and
S32, excavated according to deep engineering caused by lateral stress variable quantity, to the rock or concrete to be tested according to
Secondary reduction lateral stress.
Optionally, S30, according to following formula (1) obtain spheric stress and deviatoric stress increment:
Δ p (r, t)=0
The Δ σ (t) of Δ q (r, t)=2 a2/r2 (1)
Wherein, the Δ p (r, t) is the increment of spheric stress, and Δ q (r, t) is the increment of deviatoric stress;
The deviatoric stress obtains for the lateral stress that vertical stress subtracts horizontal direction;
A indicates the deep engineering chamber section radius where the rock or concrete to be tested;R indicates certain point to cave
Room kernel of section distance;T is the time variable of digging process;
Δ σ (t) indicates the spheric stress increment generated during adit digging;
According to the increment of the deviatoric stress, the variable quantity of lateral stress is given, obtains the variable quantity of vertical stress, or give
The variable quantity for determining vertical stress obtains the variable quantity of lateral stress.
Optionally, the step S5 includes:
According to the value of the vertical stress of acquisition and lateral stress, the mechanics for assessing the rock or concrete to be tested is strong
Degree;
According to the value of the lateral stress, the required supporting intensity of the rock or concrete to be tested is assessed.
Optionally, the method also includes:
S6, according to the information of the rock mass strength, obtain the deformation-controlling measures of corresponding rock mass strength in deep engineering.
Equivalent spheric stress=(vertical stress+lateral stress * 2)/3 in the step S1.
The utility model has the advantages that
Lateral stress in rock excavation perturbing area rock strength and the experimental method of deformation is assessed in the prior art to tie up always
Hold it is constant, cause proof stress path with excavate elastic stress be not inconsistent, cause the problem of assessment result inaccuracy, the present invention is with depth
Based on portion's rock mass engineering project excavates elastic stress solution, discloses surrouding rock stress caused by deep rock mass excavates and adjust characteristic.It is proposed symbol
Surround the test method of rock elastic stress adjustment;Accurate rock mass damage criterion and strength characteristic can be obtained in the method, avoids
Existing experimental method due to experiment in lateral stress remain unchanged always, there are deviations for caused experimental result and actual conditions
Phenomenon.The present invention provides new way for deep rock mass engineering project safety evaluation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Initial Stress Field for Rock Masses shown in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the Stress relief path after excavation of rock mass in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for applying equivalent spheric stress for rock mass in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for adjusting vertical stress and lateral stress when equivalent spheric stress is constant for rock mass in Fig. 2.
Specific embodiment
In order to make implement technical means of the invention, creation characteristic, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained.
For a better understanding of the present invention in embodiment, first formula is combined to be illustrated the defect of the prior art below.
Under initial reservoir stress, rock mass stress is substantially close to its initial equivalent spheric stress σv0≈σh0=σ0(such as Fig. 1 institute
Show), shown in rock mass primary stress solution such as formula (1).
After deep rock mass excavates, the original stress equilibrium of rock mass is broken;Under excavation disturbance, stress recanalization occurs for rock mass
With redistribution (as shown in Figure 2).According to perturbing area boundary condition, Lame Na Weier (Lame-Navier) equation is solved, can be obtained
Shown in its elastic stress solution such as formula (2).
Wherein time variable t indicates digging process.R, z, θ in formula (1), (2) and following formula (3) indicate Fig. 1 and
The direction of cylindrical coordinate in Fig. 2, H indicate horizontal direction.
According to elastic stress solution formula (2) after excavation it is found that perturbing area country rock lateral stress reduces, shear stress increases, i.e., and two
A direction stress is changed.Rock excavation perturbing area rock strength and deformation are assessed in the prior art, are based substantially on list
Axis or normal triaxial compression test result and be unfolded, lateral stress therein remains unchanged always;Obviously, the proof stress path
It is not inconsistent with elastic stress solution formula (2) are excavated.Therefore, it is necessary to develop to meet the new test method in the Stress relief path and assess depth
Portion excavation area country rock is safe and corresponding control measure.
For this purpose, test method may include that equivalent sphere stress state applies, equivalent sphere stress loading is cut in the embodiment of the present invention
Cut two steps;The equivalent sphere stress state applies that Stress calculation obtains its equivalent ball and answers in situ according to deep engineering
Power, and the spheric stress value is applied to rock or concrete;When the spheric stress value of application is identical as equivalent sphere stress value, further
Vertical stress can be loaded and reduce lateral stress, until sample destroys;Deformation and stress according to obtained in test process,
Assessment Rock Mass intensity simultaneously proposes corresponding deformation-controlling measures.
During specific implementation, can be respectively according to the increment that formula (2) calculate spheric stress and deviatoric stress
According to formula (3) it is found that perturbing area surrouding rock stress has equivalent sphere stress characteristics in digging process;And then in this reality
Apply the test method for proposing to meet formula (3) the stress solution in example;Test method can accurate evaluation deep rock mass engineering project excavation cause
Rock disturbance damage and destruction, and corresponding chamber safety control measures are proposed according to test result.
Further, according to the load shearing test under different spheric stress levels as a result, available rock or concrete
Failure criteria and respective strengths parameter.
The method of the present embodiment has the advantage that are as follows: based on deep rock mass engineering project excavation elastic stress solution, discloses deep
Surrouding rock stress caused by portion's rock excavation adjusts characteristic;It is described to be proposed to meet the adjustment of country rock elastic stress according to elastic stress solution
Test method;The method can be obtained rock and mix Concrete Failure Criterion and strength characteristic;The method is deep rock mass engineering project
Safety evaluation provides new way.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the method for the present embodiment may include following step:
Step S1, according to deep engineering original position crustal stress, equivalent spheric stress corresponding with deep engineering, the original position are calculated
Crustal stress includes two lateral stress of vertical stress and horizontal direction.
Equivalent spheric stress=(vertical stress+lateral stress * 2)/3 in the present embodiment.
That is, equivalent spheric stress is equal to being averaged for the power of deep engineering original position crustal stress different directions in the present embodiment
Value.
Step S2, the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ is applied to rock or concrete to be tested.
That is, to rock or concrete (following to be known as rock mass) application vertical stress and horizontal direction to be tested
Lateral stress.
As shown in Fig. 2, the rock or concrete to be tested in the present embodiment can be cylindrical body.Its power such as Fig. 2 applied
It is shown.
Step S3, the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 are identical as the equivalent spheric stress
When, the spheric stress for keeping the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 equivalent is constant, and to the rock to be tested or mixes
Solidifying soil increases the value of vertical stress, and reduces the value of lateral stress.
Specifically, during realization, vertical stress variable quantity caused by being excavated according to deep engineering, to described wait try
The rock or concrete tested successively increase vertical stress, and excavate caused lateral stress variable quantity according to deep engineering, to
The rock or concrete to be tested successively reduce lateral stress.
For example, during the experiment, according to the Δ σ (t) of formula Δ q (r, t)=2 a2/r2Determine that the variable quantity of deviatoric stress (increases
Amount), and then according to the increment of the deviatoric stress, the variable quantity of lateral stress is given, obtains the variable quantity of vertical stress, or give
The variable quantity for determining vertical stress obtains the variable quantity of lateral stress.
In above-mentioned formula, the Δ p (r, t) is the increment of spheric stress, and Δ q (r, t) is the increment of deviatoric stress;
The deviatoric stress obtains for the lateral stress that vertical stress subtracts horizontal direction;
A indicates the deep engineering chamber section radius where the rock or concrete to be tested;R indicates certain point to cave
Room kernel of section distance;T is the time variable of digging process;
Δ σ (t) indicates the spheric stress increment generated during adit digging.
It will be appreciated that during specific implementation, it can be to rock to be tested or concrete cylindrical sample in pressure
Apply the equal equivalent spheric stress of three-dimensional in room.Certainly the concrete operations mode for applying spheric stress can be according to different testing equipments
It determines specific mode of operation, it is not limited in the present embodiment, selected according to actual needs.
Step S4, when the rock or concrete to be tested destroy, vertical stress and lateral stress are obtained
Value.
Step S5, according to the value of the vertical stress of acquisition and lateral stress, the rock or concrete to be tested are assessed
Rock mass strength.
For example, the rock to be tested or mixed can be assessed according to the vertical stress of acquisition and the value of lateral stress
Coagulate the mechanical strength of soil;
According to the value of the lateral stress, the required supporting intensity of the rock or concrete to be tested is assessed.
Step S6, according to the information of the rock mass strength, the Deformation control of corresponding rock mass strength in deep engineering is obtained
Measure.
That is, in above-mentioned test method, first apply the corresponding equivalent spheric stress of deep engineering crustal stress, then with
It maintains the spheric stress constant, increase axial stress and reduces lateral stress simultaneously, until tested style is destroyed, obtain broken
The numerical value of the power of bad when, and then carry out the judgement of rock mass strength and the determination of deformation-controlling measures.
According to deep engineering, Stress calculation obtains its equivalent spheric stress in situ in the present embodiment, and passes through equivalent spheric stress
Load shearing obtains the shear strength under rock or the concrete path, realizes strong to rock in deep engineering or concrete mechanics
The mechanics stabilization and supporting security evaluation of deep rock engineering are finally served in the assessment of degree and deformational behavior.
It is to be appreciated that describing the skill simply to illustrate that of the invention to what specific embodiments of the present invention carried out above
Art route and feature, its object is to allow those skilled in the art to can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementations.All various changes made within the scope of the claims are repaired
Decorations, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of for assessing the Experimental Method in Laboratory of the rock mass strength of deep engineering characterized by comprising
S1, foundation deep engineering original position crustal stress calculate equivalent spheric stress corresponding with deep engineering, the original position crustal stress packet
Include two lateral stress of vertical stress and horizontal direction;
S2, apply the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ to rock or concrete to be tested;
S3 when the equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 is identical as the equivalent spheric stress, is kept
The equivalent spheric stress of the crustal stress in situ applied in the step S2 is constant, and increases to the rock to be tested or concrete
The value of vertical stress, and reduce the value of lateral stress;
S4, when the rock or concrete to be tested destroy, obtain vertical stress and lateral stress value;
S5, according to the vertical stress of acquisition and the value of lateral stress, the rock mass for assessing the rock or concrete to be tested is strong
Degree.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the rock or concrete to be tested are cylindrical body.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that,
Increase the value of vertical stress to the rock to be tested or concrete in the step S3, and reduces lateral stress
Value, comprising:
S31, caused vertical stress variable quantity is excavated according to deep engineering, successively increased to the rock or concrete to be tested
Add vertical stress, and
S32, caused lateral stress variable quantity is excavated according to deep engineering, successively subtracted to the rock or concrete to be tested
Few lateral stress.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that,
S30, the increment that spheric stress and deviatoric stress are obtained according to following formula (1):
Δ p (r, t)=0
The Δ σ (t) of Δ q (r, t)=2 a2/r2 (1)
Wherein, the Δ p (r, t) is the increment of spheric stress, and Δ q (r, t) is the increment of deviatoric stress;
The deviatoric stress obtains for the lateral stress that vertical stress subtracts horizontal direction;
A indicates the deep engineering chamber section radius where the rock or concrete to be tested;R indicates that certain point is cut to chamber
Face centre distance;T is the time variable of digging process;
Δ σ (t) indicates the spheric stress increment generated during adit digging;
According to the increment of the deviatoric stress, the variable quantity of lateral stress is given, obtains the variable quantity of vertical stress, or given perpendicular
To the variable quantity of stress, the variable quantity of lateral stress is obtained.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the step S5 includes:
According to the value of the vertical stress of acquisition and lateral stress, the mechanical strength of the rock or concrete to be tested is assessed;
According to the value of the lateral stress, the required supporting intensity of the rock or concrete to be tested is assessed.
6. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
S6, according to the information of the rock mass strength, obtain the deformation-controlling measures of corresponding rock mass strength in deep engineering.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein equivalent spheric stress in the step S1=(vertical stress+
Lateral stress * 2)/3.
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Cited By (1)
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