CN108955299B

CN108955299B - High-temperature flue gas quenching method

Info

Publication number: CN108955299B
Application number: CN201810555997.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨帆
Original assignee: Beijing Hongfan Taijin Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Hongfan Taijin Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2018-05-31
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-31
Also published as: CN108955299A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature flue gas quenching method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: introducing flue gas, and step two: initially dispersing liquid metal, and step three: and (5) performing secondary dispersion on the liquid metal, and performing the fourth step: recycling the liquid metal, and performing the fifth step: and (4) discharging the flue gas. The invention aims to provide a high-temperature flue gas quenching method capable of ensuring normal operation of a high-temperature flue gas quenching experiment.

Description

High-temperature flue gas quenching method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cooling for industrial production, in particular to a high-temperature flue gas cooling method.

Background

In industrial production, many fields involve the use of temperature to control the progress of flue gas reactions.

Taking acetylene production as an example, the temperature for terminating the reaction is 1300 ℃, which requires the flue gas temperature to be reduced to a suitable range in a recuperating furnace. This is currently achieved by injecting quench water, but this approach has the following problems:

1. firstly, the components of the flue gas are changed due to the fact that a large amount of sprayed quenching water is changed into water vapor, the flow rate of the flue gas is increased suddenly, the quality of acetylene is affected, the treatment pressure of downstream equipment is increased, and the corrosion condition of the equipment is more serious;

2. secondly, the water vapor formed by the injected quenching water is finally emptied, and a large amount of latent heat contained in the water vapor cannot be recovered during the period, so that large energy waste is caused;

3. thirdly, the water consumption expense caused by the method is a small number, the production cost of chemical enterprises is increased, and no positive and beneficial effect can be produced.

Therefore, the inventor takes measures to carry out high-efficiency waste heat recycling on the flue gas, can effectively reduce energy consumption and production cost, and has certain help to the enterprise production income, thereby realizing better economic benefit and social benefit.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-temperature flue gas quenching method capable of effectively reducing energy consumption and production cost.

The basic scheme is as follows: a high-temperature flue gas quenching method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: introducing flue gas, namely introducing high-temperature flue gas and conveying the high-temperature flue gas to the lower part of the heat exchange furnace through a flue;

step two: primarily dispersing the liquid metal, and primarily dispersing the liquid metal conveyed into the heat exchange furnace through a dispersion disc;

step three: secondarily dispersing the liquid metal, namely secondarily dispersing the liquid metal and dispersing high-temperature flue gas through a filler structure arranged in the heat exchange furnace, and exchanging heat between the high-temperature flue gas and the liquid metal at the filler structure;

step four: liquid metal after heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas is accumulated in a liquid accumulation pool at the bottom of the heat exchange furnace and is driven by an electromagnetic pump to circulate, and the liquid metal is cooled by a water liquid heat exchanger and then returns to a dispersion disc in the circulating process;

step five: and (4) discharging the flue gas, and discharging the flue gas subjected to heat exchange and cooling from the upper end of the heat exchange furnace to finish the process.

The invention has the following effects:

1. firstly, a large amount of sprayed liquid metal cannot be gasified, so that the liquid metal is prevented from being mixed with flue gas, the separation at the later stage is not needed, the flue gas flow is not suddenly increased, the quality of a product is influenced, and the treatment pressure of downstream equipment is not increased;

2. secondly, the sprayed liquid metal is fully utilized, and a large amount of latent heat contained in the metal is effectively recovered, so that the large energy waste is avoided;

3. and the sprayed liquid metal can be recycled, so that loss hardly exists, the production cost of chemical enterprises is reduced, and positive and beneficial effects are generated.

Further, in the first step, flue gas is conveyed by adopting a flue, the flue comprises an access section which is communicated with a flue gas source head along the axial direction, a contraction section with the diameter smaller than that of the access section and a transition section which is positioned between the access section and the contraction section, and the transition section is in a shrinkage cavity shape. According to Bernoulli's principle, the setting of shrinkage cavity form not only can be passed through for shrink section and access section junction, can also make the pressure of shrink section department be less than the pressure of access section, and the velocity of flow of shrink section department flue gas is greater than the velocity of flow of flue gas in the access section to improve the flow efficiency of flue gas, avoid the flue gas to gather in the access section.

Further, the liquid metal in the second, third and fourth steps is an alloy consisting of, by mass, 37% of gallium, 22% of indium, 18.6% of bismuth, 3% of aluminum, 2% of iron, 2.4% of magnesium and 15% of tin; the melting point of the alloy is 3 ℃; the liquid metal under the proportion can carry out high-efficiency heat exchange on high-temperature flue gas, and has stable property and excellent performance.

Furthermore, the three packing structures in the third step are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the inner wall of the heat exchange furnace. The filler structure that sets up layer upon layer disperses quench liquid into a plurality of liquid drops to greatly reduced the down velocity of quench liquid, the up velocity of flue gas, and increased the area of contact of quench liquid and flue gas, thereby guaranteed the efficiency of the heat exchange of quench liquid and flue gas.

And furthermore, the arrangement of the first liquid storage tank communicated with the liquid accumulation tank, the second liquid storage tank communicated with the dispersion disc and the electromagnetic pump and the second liquid storage tank ensures the supply and storage of the quenching liquid, and is beneficial to the high-efficiency circulation of the quenching liquid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature flue gas quenching apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the quenching mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the filler structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the dispersion disc of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the heat dissipation device comprises a heat dissipation cylinder 10, a heat exchange ball 11, an outer edge 12, a support sheet 13, a bottom surface 14, a heat exchange furnace 20, a liquid accumulation pool 21, a first liquid storage tank 22, a heat exchanger 23, an electromagnetic pump 24, an access section 30, a contraction section 31, a transition section 32, a flue gas source 34, a dispersion disc 40, branch pipes 41, a diversion hole 42, a flange 43 and a bracket 44.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example (b):

the high-temperature flue gas quenching device shown in the attached drawing 1 comprises a heat exchange furnace 20, a flue gas input mechanism and a quenching mechanism positioned in the heat exchange furnace, wherein the flue gas input mechanism comprises a flue gas source 34 and a flue communicated with the lower end of the heat exchange furnace 20, the quenching mechanism comprises a dispersion disc 40 arranged in the heat exchange furnace from top to bottom, a packing structure, a liquid accumulation pool 21 and a circulating unit for realizing the circulation of quenching liquid, the circulating unit comprises a heat exchanger 23 communicated with the liquid accumulation pool, an electromagnetic pump 24 for driving the flowing of the quenching liquid, a liquid storage tank I22 communicated with the liquid accumulation pool, a liquid storage tank II communicated with the dispersion disc and the electromagnetic pump, and the supply and the storage of the quenching liquid are ensured by the arrangement of the liquid storage tank I and the liquid storage tank II; one end of the electromagnetic pump is communicated with the heat exchanger, and the other end of the electromagnetic pump is communicated with the dispersion disc; the flue comprises an access section 30 which is communicated with the flue gas source along the axial direction, a contraction section 31 with the diameter smaller than that of the access section 30 and a transition section 32 which is positioned between the access section 30 and the contraction section 31, wherein the transition section 32 is in a shrinkage cavity shape; according to Bernoulli's principle, the setting of shrinkage cavity form not only can be passed through for the contraction section 31 with insert the 30 junction of section, can also make the pressure of contraction section department be less than the pressure of inserting the section, and the velocity of flow of contraction section department flue gas is greater than the velocity of flow of flue gas in inserting the section to improve the circulation efficiency of flue gas, avoid the flue gas to gather in inserting the section.

As shown in fig. 3, the filler structure includes a heat dissipation cylinder 10 and heat exchange balls 11 filled in the heat dissipation cylinder 10, the heat exchange balls 11 are high temperature resistant ceramic balls, the high temperature resistant ceramic balls have the characteristics of high temperature and high pressure resistance, low water absorption and stable chemical performance, can withstand corrosion of acid, alkali and other organic solvents, and can withstand temperature changes occurring in the production process, the diameter of the heat exchange balls 11 is 2cm, the heat exchange balls 11 with the set size can not only effectively increase the contact area of the quenching liquid and the flue gas, but also can leave enough circulation space for the quenching liquid and the flue gas, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved from multiple aspects.

Wherein heat dissipation section of thick bamboo 10 top surface, bottom surface 14 are the fretwork setting, do benefit to quench liquid, flue gas entering and pass through to carry out preliminary dispersion with quench liquid, flue gas, increased the possibility of both large tracts of land contacts.

As shown in fig. 2, the heat radiation cylinder 10 and the heat exchange ball 11 are located on a path where the quenching liquid and the flue gas travel, the three filler structures are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the inner wall of the heat exchange furnace 20, the filler structures arranged layer by layer disperse the quenching liquid into a plurality of liquid drops, the descending speed of the quenching liquid and the ascending speed of the flue gas are greatly reduced, the contact area between the quenching liquid and the flue gas is increased, and thus the heat exchange efficiency between the quenching liquid and the flue gas is ensured; radiating cylinder 10 is used for holding heat transfer ball 11, heat transfer ball 11 is filled in radiating cylinder 10, form a plurality of holes between the heat transfer ball 11, the runner, not only can carry out comprehensive reposition of redundant personnel with quench liquid, the flue gas, the dispersion, the area of contact of increase quench liquid and flue gas, and can block the quench liquid of marcing, the flue gas, reduce quench liquid, the quench liquid has still been increased when the flue gas speed of marcing, the route of marcing of flue gas, guarantee quench liquid, the heat exchange time of flue gas, thereby promote quench liquid greatly, the heat exchange efficiency of flue gas.

The filler structure still includes a plurality of circumference distribution at the backing sheet 13 of regenerator 20 inner wall, wherein backing sheet 13 one end can be dismantled on regenerator 20 inner wall, the backing sheet 13 other end can offset with a heat dissipation section of thick bamboo 10 bottom surface 14, backing sheet 13 is circular-arc, a plurality of backing sheets 13 constitute the ring, backing sheet 13's setting does benefit to the installation of realizing a heat dissipation section of thick bamboo 10 and fixes, so set up can enough make things convenient for the installation of backing sheet 13 fixed, can cooperate with a heat dissipation section of thick bamboo 10 again, make a heat dissipation section of thick bamboo 10 become the only passageway that the flue gas went upward, guaranteed the flue gas and the abundant.

The packing structure also comprises an outer edge 12 which is circumferentially arranged at the upper end of the heat radiating cylinder 10, and the outer edge 12 is bent downwards to form a groove; the outer edge 12 and the groove are arranged to assist in fixing the heat dissipation cylinder 10, and the heat dissipation cylinder 10 can be carried conveniently.

As shown in fig. 4, the dispersion plate 40 includes a disk-shaped main body, and the shape of the disk-shaped main body matches with the shape of the inner cavity of the heat exchange furnace 20, so that the quenching liquid can be sprayed at all places in the heat exchange furnace 20, and the contact area between the quenching liquid and the flue gas is ensured;

the disc-shaped main body comprises a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes 41 communicated with the main pipe, the main pipe comprises a shunting section positioned in the heat exchange furnace 20 and a liquid inlet section communicated with the shunting section, the shunting section is connected with the liquid inlet section through a flange, the shunting section and the liquid inlet section are respectively fixed on a flange 43, a flange pad is added between the two flanges 43, and finally the two flanges 43 are tightened through bolts, so that flange connection can be realized; as shown in fig. 5, the heat exchange furnace further comprises a bracket 44 fixed on the inner wall of the heat exchange furnace 20, the bracket 44 is locked and fixed with the tail end of the flow dividing section through bolts, and the bracket 44 is arranged to facilitate the quick installation and the quick disassembly of the disc-shaped main body.

The branch pipes 41 are distributed on both axial sides of the flow dividing section, and the branch pipes 41 are distributed at equal intervals along the main pipe. By the arrangement, the liquid sprayed from all positions in the heat exchange furnace 20 can be kept relatively consistent, so that the flue gas can be uniformly radiated; the branch pipes 41 are also perpendicular to the diversion section, the inner ends of the branch pipes 41 are communicated with the main pipe, the outer ends of the branch pipes 41 are closed and abut against the inner wall of the heat exchange furnace 20, a plurality of diversion holes 42 are formed in each branch pipe 41, the diversion holes 42 can allow the quenching liquid in the branch pipes 41 to flow out, and the diversion holes 42 all face the direction of the advancing flue gas. So set up, can guarantee the abundant convection current of quench liquid and flue gas, contact to improve the thermal efficiency of quench liquid, be responsible for and be used for diffusing quench liquid along being responsible for the axial, branch pipe 41 then will follow the quench liquid that obtains in being responsible for and radially diffuse, disperse along being responsible for.

It should be noted that the diameter of the branch holes 42 of each branch pipe 41 is increased from the inside to the outside. The maximum pressure of the water flow at the inner ends of the branch pipes 41 is provided to ensure that the flow of liquid through the distribution openings 42 is relatively uniform throughout the branch pipes 41, and thus the flow of liquid throughout the disc-shaped body is uniform. The shower nozzle is installed to reposition of redundant personnel hole 42 department, and the shower nozzle rotary seal is in reposition of redundant personnel hole 42 department, and the shower nozzle inner communicates with branch pipe 41, and shower nozzle outer end circumference is opened along tangential direction has the orifice, when quench liquid from the orifice blowout, can reverse action in the shower nozzle, and the shower nozzle receives the moment effect to produce and rotates, and then makes spun quench liquid even more and the scope wider.

A spring is further arranged between the heat-radiating cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the heat-exchange furnace 20, guide blades are arranged between the heat-radiating cylinder 10 at the lowest position and the effusion cell, wherein first permanent magnets are arranged on part of the guide blades, the outer end of each first permanent magnet is an N pole, a second permanent magnet is also arranged at the bottom of the heat-radiating cylinder, and the lower end of each second permanent magnet is the N pole; when high-temperature flue gas passes through the guide blades, the high-temperature flue gas can be dispersed upwards by the guide blades, the guide blades also rotate, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet continuously repel each other in the process and are matched with the rising high-temperature flue gas, so that the heat dissipation cylinder can generate shaking in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the distribution of liquid metal is more uniform, partial kinetic energy of the quickly flowing flue gas can be converted, the high-temperature flue gas is prevented from being separated from the heat exchange furnace without fully exchanging heat with the liquid metal, the heat exchange balls 11 in the heat dissipation cylinder can be shaken by the shaken heat dissipation cylinder, the heat exchange balls in the middle of the heat dissipation cylinder are transferred to two ends, the heat exchange balls at the two ends are close to the middle of the heat dissipation cylinder, the liquid metal can be driven to perform local circulation in the heat dissipation cylinder, and the high-temperature flue gas can be guided to circulate between the heat exchange, the original direct and direct circulation mode of the high-temperature flue gas in the vertical direction is changed, new heat dissipation dimensions are increased, and the full contact between the liquid metal and the high-temperature flue gas is enhanced.

A high-temperature flue gas quenching method depends on a high-temperature flue gas quenching device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

step two: primarily dispersing liquid metal, namely primarily dispersing the liquid metal conveyed into the heat exchange furnace through a dispersion plate 40, wherein the liquid metal is an alloy consisting of 37 mass percent of gallium, 22 mass percent of indium, 18.6 mass percent of bismuth, 3 mass percent of aluminum, 2 mass percent of iron, 2.4 mass percent of magnesium and 15 mass percent of tin; the melting point of the alloy is 3 ℃, the kinematic viscosity is small, and the alloy has good flow heat exchange capacity;

step four: liquid metal recycling circulation, namely accumulating the liquid metal after heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas in a liquid accumulation pool at the bottom of the heat exchange furnace and circulating the liquid metal by driving an electromagnetic pump, and returning the liquid metal to the dispersion disc 40 after being cooled by a water liquid heat exchanger in the circulation process;

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-temperature flue gas quenching method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step five: discharging flue gas, and discharging the flue gas subjected to heat exchange and cooling from the upper end of the heat exchange furnace till the end;

be equipped with a plurality of filler structures on the vertical of following the regenerator, filler structure includes the radiator-cylinder and fills heat transfer ball in the radiator-cylinder, be equipped with the spring between the inner wall of radiator-cylinder and regenerator, be located and be equipped with guide vane between the radiator-cylinder and the hydrops pond of below, install first permanent magnet on the part guide vane, the radiator-cylinder bottom is provided with the second permanent magnet, when high temperature flue gas passes through guide vane, guide vane takes place to rotate, this in-process first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet repels each other, make the radiator-cylinder give birth to rocking of horizontal direction and vertical direction.

2. The high-temperature flue gas quenching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, flue gas is conveyed by adopting a flue, the flue comprises an access section which is communicated with a flue gas source head along the axial direction, a contraction section with the diameter smaller than that of the access section and a transition section which is positioned between the access section and the contraction section, and the transition section is in a shrinkage cavity shape.

3. The high-temperature flue gas quenching method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the liquid metal in the second, third and fourth steps is an alloy consisting of, by mass, 37% of gallium, 22% of indium, 18.6% of bismuth, 3% of aluminum, 2% of iron, 2.4% of magnesium and 15% of tin; the melting point of the alloy is 3 ℃.

4. The high-temperature flue gas quenching method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the three packing structures in the third step are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the inner wall of the heat exchange furnace.

5. The high-temperature flue gas quenching method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a first liquid storage tank communicated with the liquid accumulation tank and a second liquid storage tank communicated with the dispersion disc and the electromagnetic pump are further arranged in the fourth step.