CN1089536A - The composite mesh on two surfaces intensify heat transfer pipe of metallic aluminium and the manufacture method of heat transfer plate - Google Patents
The composite mesh on two surfaces intensify heat transfer pipe of metallic aluminium and the manufacture method of heat transfer plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1089536A CN1089536A CN 93112898 CN93112898A CN1089536A CN 1089536 A CN1089536 A CN 1089536A CN 93112898 CN93112898 CN 93112898 CN 93112898 A CN93112898 A CN 93112898A CN 1089536 A CN1089536 A CN 1089536A
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- heat transfer
- welding
- metallic aluminium
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- metal aluminum
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of strengthening heat transfer, reduce heat transfer temperature difference, improve critical thermal load and with the metal composite mesh on two surfaces intensify heat transfer pipe of energy-saving effect and the manufacture method of heat transfer plate.Feature of the present invention is to be that the silk screen of metallic aluminium adopts press welding method with itself and the surfaces externally and internally of identical metallic aluminium tube or metal aluminum sheet (one side also can) the firm welding of realization with material.The strengthening heat transfer element that the present invention makes, the porosity of its composite web is 45～75%, and the average equivalent aperture is greater than 0.005 millimeter, and layer average thickness is greater than 0.05 millimeter, the boiling heat transfer film coefficient improves more than 10 times than plain tube, and the mass transfer film coefficient improves more than 3 times than plain tube.Can be used for making heat transmission equipment, film-type evaporation equipment and short-path distillation equipment etc.
Description
The invention belongs to the manufacture method of strengthening heat transfer element.
The cover layer of having porous or other geometry at the metal surfaces externally and internally of unlike material is one of effective ways of augmentation of heat transfer, and it can adopt multiple manufacture method to obtain.
From reported in literature as can be known, commonplace in the world manufacture method mostly is sintering process, mechanical processing method, galvanoplastic and flame spraying at present, its feature mainly is:
1. sintering process: according to U.S. Pat P3,384,154 and USP3,607,369 reports are bonded on the copper pipe of handling or aluminum tube surfaces, under 510～850 ℃ high temperature with copper powder, aluminium powder or alloyed powder and the low-melting-point metal powder of organic bond carrier with the certain granules degree, make the adhesive decomposition evaporation, the metal powder particle then with the tube wall sintering together.Adopt the acid wash dissolving to remove for the low-melting-point metal powder.Like this, just can obtain forming thickness less than 3 millimeters on copper pipe or aluminum tube surfaces, porosity is 40～60% porous layer.But its processing technology complexity, the hole irregularity, connective poor, energy consumption is big, and the cost height has three-waste pollution, and at high temperature is easy to generate deformation annealing.
2. mechanical processing method: according to U.S. Pat P3,696,861 and Chinese patent CN87 2 17208U, CN2047001U and Japanese numerous patent report, its manufacture method is:
(1) with the cutter of particular design on special purpose machine tool, copper, aluminium and compo pipe outer surface thereof directly process different shape fin, fine pore and below be the spirality tunnel of different shape.
(2) directly process at copper, aluminium and compo pipe outer surface thereof with rolling (roll extrusion) method and have low thread shape fin, the surface detail pipe of low rib shape fin or different shape.
(3) draw out axial grooves such as V-arrangement with special type knife at copper, aluminium and compo pipe inner surface thereof.
The mechanical processing method cost is lower, and processing is simple.But to the original size tolerance strictness of tubing, and only be applicable to soft metal tubing, the porous layer porosity that makes only has 30～35%, and the porous layer aperture of other manufacture method moulding is big relatively, and result of use is not remarkable in the less medium of surface tension.
3. galvanoplastic: according to U.S. Pat P4,018,264 and USP4,129,181 reports are plated to the copper pipe outer surface with copper powder in electroplate liquid, and the porosity that forms 0.4 millimeters thick is 40～55% porous copper coating.According to day disclosure special permission newspaper " clear 53-138969 ", " clear 54-76440 " and Chinese patent CN85 1 02762A report, in electrolyte, utilize intergranular and pitting corrosion principle, stainless steel outer surface and inside corrosion are gone out the porous surface layer.And the aperture of porous layer is little, and pore size distribution is inhomogeneous, and result of use is not remarkable in the bigger medium of surface tension.Owing to intercrystalline corrosion takes place, the body intensity of material is descended.Because processing technology complexity, process-cycle are long, make cost and energy consumption all bigger, and three-waste pollution is arranged.
4. flame spraying: according to DRP DT2227747, U.S. Pat P3,990,862 and Chinese patent CN85 1 00996A report, adopt special flame-spraying rifle, utilize high-molecular organic material powder or the low-melting-point metal mixture of powders of specific flame, be ejected into treated at high speed varigrained metal dust (as aluminium powder, copper powder, stainless steel powder etc.) and auxiliary pore creating material, on the metal tube outer surface matrix of preheating, produce certain chemical metallurgy combination.And then unnecessary high-molecular organic material powder is burnt or with acid solution low-melting-point metal dissolving is removed with flame, be that 0.3～0.6 millimeter, porosity are 30～45% metal porous coating thereby obtain thickness.
This method can be at carbon steel pipe, and copper and aluminium and compo pipe thereof, stainless steel tube outer surface cover porous metallic layers such as going up aluminium, copper, stainless steel, and processing cost decreases.But, can not produce metal porous layer at inner surface of tube, and porous layer thickness and aperture inequality, and have environmental pollution, the boiling heat transfer that strengthening effect is only arranged also is difficult to reach optimum organization.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of strengthening heat transfer, reduce heat transfer temperature difference, improve critical thermal load and with the manufacture method of the metal porous property with unlike material of energy-saving effect tectal (one deck to five layer) metal surfaces externally and internally (one side also can) composite web intensify heat transfer pipe and heat transfer plate.
The composite web of employing pressure welding technology provided by the invention manufacturing has mesh and is evenly distributed, and is interconnected between the hole, causes the liquid film in the porous layer evenly to distribute, and has promoted liquid film interface and inner turbulent flow, thereby reaches the purpose of strengthening heat transfer.
Adopt metal surfaces externally and internally (one side also can) the composite web intensify heat transfer pipe of unlike material provided by the invention and the heat transmission equipment that heat transfer plate can be used for the manufacturing structure compactness, film-type evaporation equipment and short-path distillation equipment etc.Diabatic process is strengthened, and operating flexibility is big, is more suitable for the processing of a large amount of heat sensitive materials that exist in the Chemical Manufacture.
Principal character of the present invention is that woven wire is realized welding securely with the metal tube or the metallic plate of the metal surfaces externally and internally of non-melt press welding method and identical material (one side also can).And can ensure that the original micropore of woven wire is not destroyed, thereby can obtain having the metal porous property cover layer of high porosity.
Pressure welding is when temperature is lower than weld metal fusing point (without solder), and apply certain plus load so that the junction produces necessary plastic deformation, the surface of welding is close in the distance that adhesion works between atom, thereby make the process that produces phase counterdiffusion (infiltration) between the atom on the solder side, to reach the method that produces adhesion.And can obtain mechanical performance and the good joint of physical and chemical performance, the especially welding between dissimilar metal.
Welding process of the present invention is to carry out in that the vacuum welding that has vacuum system is indoor.Parts to be processed all or the part be in the vacuum and protect, utilize the electric furnace heating wire energising heating that is distributed in around the solder side, make solder side reach temperature required.To the plus load that solder side applied is oil cylinder depression bar by the outdoor hydraulic system of vacuum welding, through directly affacting on the welding work pieces behind the vaccum seal ring.Too high or the welding adhesion takes place for preventing depression bar with welded part because of heat conduction temperature rise, between depression bar and welding work pieces, need accompany refractory ceramics spare, like this, after keeping a period of time woven wire just and metal tube or metallic plate wall pressure welded together.According to purposes and material properties, can select for use the woven wire (one deck to five layer) of the metal tube of suitable material or metallic plate and identical material to be welded into required product, the structure in porous layer thickness, porosity and hole and geomery then form according to the woven wire assembled arrangement of different model (or several 20～300 orders of order).
Realize that method of the present invention is:
One, material
1. metal tube and metallic plate: copper, nickel, aluminium, titanium, stainless steel etc.
2. woven wire: copper, nickel, aluminium, titanium, stainless steel etc.
Two, operating parameter
1. temperature: be generally 700～1300 ℃.The welding temperature of same material is generally 0.6～0.8 of melting temperature metal, and the temperature during to the silk screen pressure welding of the pipe of metallic aluminium or plate and metallic aluminium is 400～500 ℃.The lower limit of said temperature is the activationary temperature that spreads between the recrystallization temperature of welding material and atom, and the upper limit of said temperature is the crystal grain of the welding material temperature that begins to increase sharp and the temperature that makes material softening.
2. pressure: welding pressure approximately is the yield point of welding material under welding temperature, and does not cause the macroscopic deformation of welding material shape and size in the weld zone along with the kind of soldered material is different and different, general within the scope of 1～30MPa.Plus load during to the silk screen pressure welding of the pipe of metallic aluminium or plate and metallic aluminium is 2MPa.
3. time: under given temperature and pressure, guarantee that adequate time can be carried out the atom diffusion process between the solder side, generally need 1～30 minute time, it is just much of that to make the mechanical strength of welding point can equal the mechanical strength limit of parent metal.Prolong weld interval excessively, can make grain growth.Generally, weld interval is short more good more.Time during to the silk screen pressure welding of the pipe of metallic aluminium or plate and metallic aluminium is 13 minutes.
4. vacuum: welding method of the present invention requires usually that vacuum welding is indoor to have 10
-1～10
-2The vacuum of Pa is to guarantee that material is not oxidated and to pollute.Vacuum during to the silk screen pressure welding of the pipe of metallic aluminium or plate and metallic aluminium is 10
-2Pa.
Three, technical process
1. the welding front surface is handled: the pipe of metallic aluminium and plate are adopted cleaning agent such as acetone remove the greasy dirt of face of weld.Also take identical method to remove greasy dirt to the silk screen of metallic aluminium.
2. preheating: the weldment of handling well is placed in the vacuum welding machine immediately by giving fixed ordering, and vacuum chamber is sealed, begin vacuum pumping then.When vacuum reaches 10
-2During Pa, begin, in two hours, weldment is heated between 400～500 ℃ the weldment pre-heating temperature elevation.
3. welding: after temperature reaches welding temperature, begin to apply and outer wear lotus 2MPa, kept 13 minutes, make interatomic diffusion motion can pass through the joint face of welding material and carried out fully.
4. cooling: after welding finishes, stop heating, weldment is cooled to come out of the stove below 150 ℃ with stove in a vacuum.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
One, adopt press welding method can be metal tube surfaces externally and internallies such as copper, nickel, aluminium, titanium, stainless steel be compound identical material woven wire and make the metal surface antipriming pipe.Generally every welding layer of metal silk screen just can make heat transfer area than the long-pending increase of original smooth surface more than 2 times, its porosity is up to 45～75%, the average equivalent aperture can be selected arbitrarily more than 0.005 millimeter, pore-size distribution is very even, porous layer thickness can be determined its number of plies arbitrarily at one to five interlayer also than uniformity.Improve more than 10 times than plain tube in boiling heat transfer film coefficient under the porous layer condition, the mass transfer film coefficient improves more than 3 times than plain tube.
Two, the performance of the mechanical strength of the numerous small solder side of porous surface layer and physical and chemical performance and parent metal is basic identical, thereby has guaranteed metal tube and metallic plate mechanical strength and decay resistance in use.
Three, the wicking property that evenly is interconnected of the height that forms in porous surface layer as thin as a wafer can make liquid film extremely be evenly distributed in the inside and outside of whole heat and mass wall as thin as a wafer, and guarantee fully wetting, thereby:
1. prevent dried wall phenomenon effectively, improved critical thermal load;
2. liquid has the high circulation rate more than 10 times in the porous surface layer, has improved its stain resistance greatly;
3. the countless uniform nucleus of boiling have been strengthened the heat and mass effect, and operating flexibility is increased greatly.
Four, under extremely low heat transfer temperature difference, just can provide a large amount of stable nucleus of boiling, thereby reduce the irreversible loss and the hysteresis of conducting heat, and the boiling degree of superheat is reduced greatly.Conduct heat and mass transfer apparatus so be particularly suitable for making the membrane type of handling heat sensitive material, avoided at high temperature being easy to generate the difficulty of polymerization or decomposition.
Five, use the metal surface composite web enhanced heat transfer component of press welding method manufacturing provided by the invention that polytype can be arranged, can make plurality of devices with it, and equipment is simple, easy to operate, the utilization rate of raw materials height, cost is lower, non-environmental-pollution etc.
Embodiments of the invention are as follows:
Adopt said method with 57 * 3 millimeters of φ, long 1000 millimeters metallic aluminium inside pipe wall two-layer 40 orders (0.400 millimeter in aperture, 0.250 millimeter in silk footpath) of burn-oning, outer wall one deck 20 orders (0.800 millimeter in aperture of burn-oning, 0.450 millimeter in silk footpath) metallic aluminium silk screen is made downward film evaporator.
Record the boiling heat transfer coefficient up to 8.1 * 10 through experiment
4W/(m
2During k), than plain tube 5.0 * 10
3W/(m
2K) improve nearly 15 times, critical thermal load is 9.3 * 10
5W/m
2, 2.5 * 10 during than plain tube
5W/m
2Improve more than 2.7 times, under 0.3～0.5 the temperature difference, just can keep the carrying out of boiling heat transfer process.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of manufacture method of strengthening heat transfer element is characterized in that the surfaces externally and internally (one side also can) at metal aluminum pipe or metal aluminum sheet, adopts the method for pressure welding, is 10 in the indoor vacuum of vacuum welding
-2Pa, temperature is 400～500 ℃, when plus load is 2MPa, through 13 minutes with metallic aluminium silk screen (20～300 orders, one deck to five layer) realizes firm welding with metal aluminum pipe or metal aluminum sheet, make the composite mesh on two surfaces intensify heat transfer pipe and the heat transfer plate of metallic aluminium.
2; manufacture method according to the said strengthening heat transfer element of claim 1; it is characterized in that welding process is to carry out in that the vacuum welding that has vacuum system is indoor; parts to be processed all or the part be in the vacuum and protect; utilization is distributed in the electric furnace heating wire energising heating around the solder side; make solder side reach temperature required; to the plus load that solder side applied is oil cylinder depression bar by the outdoor hydraulic system of vacuum welding; through directly affacting behind the vaccum seal ring on the welding work pieces, the surfaces externally and internally of metallic aluminium silk screen and metal aluminum pipe or metal aluminum sheet (one side also can) is bonded together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93112898 CN1033627C (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for mfg. reinforced heat-transfer tube and heat-transfer plate with aluminium composite mesh on two surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93112898 CN1033627C (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for mfg. reinforced heat-transfer tube and heat-transfer plate with aluminium composite mesh on two surfaces |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91100831 Division CN1028900C (en) | 1991-02-13 | 1991-02-13 | Heat transmitting tubes and plates reinforced with metal mesh at both inner and outer surfaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1089536A true CN1089536A (en) | 1994-07-20 |
| CN1033627C CN1033627C (en) | 1996-12-25 |
Family
ID=4990309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93112898 Expired - Fee Related CN1033627C (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for mfg. reinforced heat-transfer tube and heat-transfer plate with aluminium composite mesh on two surfaces |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1033627C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288060A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-21 | 苏州新太铜高效管有限公司 | Film falling evaporation heat exchange pipe with fins made from silk screen |
| CN104342734A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Aluminum material having function of strengthening nucleate boiling heat transfer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110369854A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-25 | 东莞市纵鑫电子科技有限公司 | The manufacture craft of heat pressing type composite heating panel |
| CN110385382A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-29 | 东莞市纵鑫电子科技有限公司 | The manufacture craft for the composite heating panel that punching press is combined with hot pressing |
| CN110953921A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-03 | 广州铁路职业技术学院（广州铁路机械学校） | Heat exchange sheet, heat exchanger and manufacturing method of heat exchange sheet |
| CN111174626A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-05-19 | 广州铁路职业技术学院（广州铁路机械学校） | Heat exchange sheet, heat exchanger and manufacturing method of heat exchange sheet |
-
1993
- 1993-12-22 CN CN 93112898 patent/CN1033627C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288060A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-21 | 苏州新太铜高效管有限公司 | Film falling evaporation heat exchange pipe with fins made from silk screen |
| CN104342734A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Aluminum material having function of strengthening nucleate boiling heat transfer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110369854A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-25 | 东莞市纵鑫电子科技有限公司 | The manufacture craft of heat pressing type composite heating panel |
| CN110385382A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-29 | 东莞市纵鑫电子科技有限公司 | The manufacture craft for the composite heating panel that punching press is combined with hot pressing |
| CN110953921A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-03 | 广州铁路职业技术学院（广州铁路机械学校） | Heat exchange sheet, heat exchanger and manufacturing method of heat exchange sheet |
| CN111174626A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-05-19 | 广州铁路职业技术学院（广州铁路机械学校） | Heat exchange sheet, heat exchanger and manufacturing method of heat exchange sheet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1033627C (en) | 1996-12-25 |
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