A kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating reparation liquid purification process
Technical field
The present invention relates to Brush Plating recovery technique field, specifically a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating
Repair liquid purification process.
Background technique
Brush Plating is also known as metal pen plating or flash plate, makes by electrochemical method using the plated pen for being saturated with plating solution as anode
Metal ion discharges crystallization on cathode (workpiece) surface, forms the technical process of metal cladding, and plated pen is insoluble anode,
Plating solution uses the aqueous metal salt of organic complex, and plated pen contact with workpiece surface and constantly moved when brush plating, is convenient for fastly
The surface of the reparation workpiece of speed, is employed for the reparation of connection rod of automobile engine.
However solution is easy after the storage of the electroplating solution of traditional connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating prosthetic device
Precipitating, and it is too simple for the processing for repairing liquid, often make the impurity contained in reparation liquid more, seriously affects plating
Quality.
Summary of the invention
For the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush platings to repair liquid
Purification process, this method by using flocculant coordination galvanization device carry out using, greatly reduce repair liquid in impurity, mention
Height repairs the quality of liquid, to improve the repairing quality of workpiece.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating
Repair liquid purification process, which is characterized in that the technique the following steps are included:
S1 will repair liquid by being delivered in flocculation plant in electroplanting device;
S2, flocculant is added in flocculation plant, and flocculant will repair the impurity flocculation sedimentation in liquid;
Discharge in S2 is repaired liquid and is delivered in electroplanting device again, is recycled by S3;
The electroplanting device used in this method include flow-guiding structure, stirring structure, storage box, liquid feeding structure, maintenance structure,
Fixed plate and filter structure;It is truncated rectangular pyramids structure that the side wall of the fixed plate for mounting device of rectangular configuration, which is equipped with external,
For storing the storage box of electroplating solution, and to be equipped with the receiving that bottom is half truncated cone-shaped empty for the inside of the storage box
Between;The bottom end of the storage box is equipped with the flow-guiding structure for drainage;The inside of the storage box is equipped with for stirring electricity
The stirring structure of plating liquor;The top of the storage box is equipped with the maintenance structure for overhauling the stirring structure,
And it is detachably connected between the maintenance structure and the storage box;The maintenance structure is equipped with for adding electroplating solution
The liquid feeding structure, the inside of the liquid feeding structure are equipped with the filter structure for filtering electroplating solution, and the filtering
It is detachably connected between structure and the liquid feeding structure.
Specifically, the stirring structure includes two driving wheels, motor, belt, agitating plate, reset spring, multiple connections
Plate, drive shaft and multiple protrusions, the fixed plate are " 7 " character form structure, and the bottom end of the fixed plate is equipped with the motor, one
The driving wheel is fixed on the motor, and the drive shaft is set to the storage box through the storage box, the drive shaft
It at the central axes for deviateing the storage box, is rotatablely connected between the drive shaft and the storage box, another described driving
Wheel is fixed on the drive shaft, and the belt is wound in two driving wheels, Circle-Array on the circumferencial direction of the drive shaft
Column distribution has a connecting plate of multiple rectangular configurations, the agitating plate of the connecting plate and the trapezium structure for stirring it
Between be slidably connected, the connecting plate has been internally embedded the reset spring, the agitating plate connection and the reset spring, institute
The both ends for stating agitating plate are equipped with the protrusion of multiple hemispherical dome structures;The conducting wire of the motor Brush Plating is connected to first to repair
On the control box of apparatus for coating, the motor rotation drives the driving wheel rotation on the motor, described on the motor
Driving wheel drives the driving wheel in the drive shaft to rotate by the belt, and the drive shaft drives the connecting plate to turn
Dynamic, the agitating plate is stirred the electroplating solution of the inside of the storage box, while the protrusion on the agitating plate
The contact area with electroplating solution is increased, the too long precipitating of electroplating solution storage time is effectively prevent, improves repairing for Brush Plating
Compound body amount, while the drive shaft is eccentric shaft, when the appearance of the agitating plate and the arc-shaped for the bottom end for contacting the storage box
Receive space side wall when, the agitating plate contradicts the reset spring and shrinks, and the reset spring is supported when turn to top when
It touches the agitating plate to slide on the connecting plate, the connecting plate is made to become larger with deviating from a distance from side for the agitating plate, when
Space when two adjacent agitating plates turn to the bottom end of the storage box, between two adjacent agitating plates
Become smaller, promote the discharge of electroplating solution, keep plating solution discharge more stable, while keeping mixing effect more preferable.
Specifically, the flow-guiding structure includes threeway and solenoid valve, one end of the solenoid valve is connected to institute by conduit
Storage box is stated, the solenoid valve is connected with the threeway by conduit away from one end of the storage box;By the solenoid valve
Conducting wire is connected in the control box of Brush Plating prosthetic device, and one end of threeway is connected to the spray head of electroplating solution by conduit,
The other end is connected to water valve;When needing to electroplating solution is sprayed on workpiece surface, the switch of the solenoid valve is opened, is electroplated molten
Liquid is sprayed from spray head, and after use, the solenoid valve is disconnected, and opens water valve, then backwashes conduit by cleaning solution, has
Effect prevents catheter interior from assembling electroplating solution.
Specifically, the maintenance structure includes accommodating groove, sealing strip, limitting casing and access panel, the access panel with it is described
It is detachably connected between storage box, the bottom end of the access panel is equipped with the limitting casing that cross section is trapezium structure, cross section
It is embedded in the inside of the limitting casing for the sealing strip of a part of diamond shape, is supported between the sealing strip and the storage box
Touching, the accommodating groove are set to the inside of the sealing strip;When overhauling and clearing up the stirring structure, dismantle on the access panel
Bolt, the access panel is dismantled, the limitting casing is embedded in after the completion of repair and maintenance the inside of the storage box, passes through spiral shell
Bolt fixes the access panel, and the limitting casing contradicts the sealing strip and is sealed to the storage box, to greatly improve
Leakproofness, the cross section of the limitting casing are trapezium structure, avoid and need to carry out the access panel during the installation process
Positioning keeps the access panel easier for installation quick, and the setting of the accommodating groove is catchmented convenient for storage, when the storage box
The inside of groove has when catchmenting, and ponding is stored in the inside of the accommodating groove, avoids installation poor sealing.
Specifically, the liquid feeding structure includes sealing shroud, two guide rods, handle, cover board, pull ring, limit spring and close
Seal is slidably connected between the sealing shroud and the access panel of the circular ring shape of the bottom end open-ended for liquid feeding, described to mention
Hand is fixed on the side wall of the sealing shroud, and it is to lead described in ellipse that the handle, which is equipped with section close to the side of the access panel,
It to bar, is slidably connected between the guide rod and the access panel, the limit is equipped between the guide rod and the access panel
The top of position spring, the sealing shroud is equipped with the cover board, is rotatablely connected between the cover board and the pull ring, the sealing shroud
Bottom end be equipped with the sealing ring of truncated cone-shaped, and contradicted between the sealing ring and the access panel;When addition electroplating solution
When, the handle is held, the handle is pressed, the limit spring is shunk, the sealing ring and the access panel non-contravention, electricity
Plating liquor is drained into the inside of the storage box from the sealing shroud, after the completion of electroplating solution addition, unclamps the handle, institute
Stating limit spring elongation drives the guide rod to contradict the handle, and the sealing shroud is made to drive the sealing ring and the maintenance
Plate resistance surface is sealed the storage box, and the cover board is engaged with the sealing shroud, avoids the interior of the sealing shroud
Portion enters rubbish, substantially increases the addition quality of solution, and the sealing ring is truncated cone-shaped structure, effectively prevent in whipping process
The section of middle solution spluttering, the guide rod is ellipsoidal structure, improves the stability of liquid feeding.
Specifically, the filter structure includes pull rod and filter screen, the filter screen engages with the sealing shroud, the drawing
Bar is fixed on the filter screen;Electroplating solution is poured into from the filter screen, electroplating solution is filtered, scrap is effectively prevent
Influence electroplating quality, at the same the use of the pull rod make to dismantle the filter screen it is more convenient.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention repairs liquid purification process, storage box
Internal bottom end is half truncated cone-shaped structure, convenient for the electroplating solution of the inside of storage box to be discharged, while cooperating stirring structure
It uses, effectively prevent electroplating solution to precipitate the effect for influencing Brush Plating in storing process, while increasing drain pressure, make electricity
Plating liquor uniformly pours on workpiece.
(2) a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention repairs liquid purification process, liquid feeding structure
Use convenient for, quickly to the sealing of the inner space of storage box, being prevented molten when stirring electroplating solution after add electroplating solution
Liquid leaks, while the use of complement filter structure effectively prevent line clogging and its influence electricity convenient for the scrap in filtering solution
Plate effect.
(3) a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention repairs liquid purification process, maintenance structure
Setting easy access safeguard stirring structure, the cleaning for cooperating the use of flow-guiding structure to make device is more convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the electroplanting device that this method uses;
Fig. 2 is the portion A shown in FIG. 1 enlarged diagram;
Fig. 3 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of stirring structure shown in FIG. 1 and storage box;
Fig. 4 is the portion B shown in Fig. 3 enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of stirring structure shown in Fig. 3.
In figure: 1, flow-guiding structure, 11, threeway, 12, solenoid valve, 2, stirring structure, 21, driving wheel, 22, motor, 23, skin
Band, 24, agitating plate, 25, reset spring, 26, connecting plate, 27, drive shaft, 28, protrusion, 3, storage box, 4, liquid feeding structure, 41,
Sealing shroud, 42, guide rod, 43, handle, 44, cover board, 45, pull ring, 46, limit spring, 47, sealing ring, 5, maintenance structure, 51,
Accommodating groove, 52, sealing strip, 53, limitting casing, 54, access panel, 6, fixed plate, 7, filter structure, 71, pull rod, 72, filter screen.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, it is net to repair liquid for a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention
Chemical industry skill, which is characterized in that the technique the following steps are included:
S1 will repair liquid by being delivered in flocculation plant in electroplanting device;
S2, flocculant is added in flocculation plant, and flocculant will repair the impurity flocculation sedimentation in liquid;
Discharge in S2 is repaired liquid and is delivered in electroplanting device again, is recycled by S3;
The electroplanting device used in this method includes flow-guiding structure 1, stirring structure 2, storage box 3, liquid feeding structure 4, maintenance
Structure 5, fixed plate 6 and filter structure 7;The side wall of the fixed plate 6 for mounting device of rectangular configuration is equipped with outside
The storage box 3 for being used to store electroplating solution of truncated rectangular pyramids structure, and it is half rotary table that the inside of the storage box 3, which is equipped with bottom,
The accommodation space of shape;The bottom end of the storage box 3 is equipped with the flow-guiding structure 1 for drainage;The inside of the storage box 3 is set
There is the stirring structure 2 for stirring electroplating solution;The top of the storage box 3 is equipped with for overhauling the stirring structure 2
The maintenance structure 5, and be detachably connected between the maintenance structure 5 and the storage box 3;It is set on the maintenance structure 5
There is the liquid feeding structure 4 for adding electroplating solution, the inside of the liquid feeding structure 4 is equipped with the institute for filtering electroplating solution
Filter structure 7 is stated, and is detachably connected between the filter structure 7 and the liquid feeding structure 4.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention
Liquid purification process is repaired, the stirring structure 2 includes two driving wheels 21, motor 22, belt 23, agitating plate 24, reset spring
25, multiple connecting plates 26, drive shaft 27 and multiple raised 28, the fixed plate 6 are " 7 " character form structure, the bottom of the fixed plate 6
End is equipped with the motor 22, and a driving wheel 21 is fixed on the motor 22, and the drive shaft 27 is through the storage
Case 3, the drive shaft 27 are set to the storage box 3 and deviate at the central axes of the storage box 3, and the drive shaft 27 is deposited with described
It is rotatablely connected between storage tank 3, another described driving wheel 21 is fixed on the drive shaft 27, and the belt 23 is wound in two
The driving wheel 21, the connecting plate of multiple rectangular configurations is distributed in circumference array on the circumferencial direction of the drive shaft 27
26, it is slidably connected between the connecting plate 26 and the agitating plate 24 of the trapezium structure for stirring, the connecting plate 26
It has been internally embedded the reset spring 25, the connection of agitating plate 24 and the reset spring 25, the both ends of the agitating plate 24
Described raised 28 equipped with multiple hemispherical dome structures;The conducting wire of the motor 22 is connected to the control of Brush Plating prosthetic device first
On box processed, the rotation of motor 22 drives the driving wheel 21 on the motor 22 to rotate, the drive on the motor 22
Driving wheel 21 drives the driving wheel 21 in the drive shaft 27 to rotate by the belt 23, and the drive shaft 27 drives described
Connecting plate 26 rotates, and the agitating plate 24 is stirred the electroplating solution of the inside of the storage box 3, while the agitating plate
Described raised 28 on 24 increase the contact area with electroplating solution, effectively prevent the too long precipitating of electroplating solution storage time,
Improve the repairing quality of Brush Plating, while the drive shaft 27 is eccentric shaft, when the agitating plate 24 with contact the storage
When the side wall of the accommodation space of the arc-shaped of the bottom end of case 3, the agitating plate 24 contradicts the reset spring 25 and shrinks, and works as rotation
The reset spring 25 contradicts the agitating plate 24 and slides on the connecting plate 26 when to top, make the connecting plate 26 with
The distance away from side of the agitating plate 24 becomes larger, when two adjacent agitating plates 24 turn to the bottom of the storage box 3
When end, the space between the agitating plate 24 of adjacent two becomes smaller, and promotes the discharge of electroplating solution, arranges electroplating solution
It puts more stable, while keeping mixing effect more preferable.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention repairs liquid purification
Technique, the flow-guiding structure 1 include threeway 11 and solenoid valve 12, and one end of the solenoid valve 12 is connected to described deposit by conduit
Storage tank 3, the solenoid valve 12 are connected with the threeway 11 by conduit away from one end of the storage box 3;By the solenoid valve
12 conducting wire is connected in the control box of Brush Plating prosthetic device, and one end of threeway 11 is connected to electroplating solution by conduit
Spray head, the other end are connected to water valve;When needing to electroplating solution is sprayed on workpiece surface, opening for the solenoid valve 12 is opened
It closes, electroplating solution is sprayed from spray head, and after use, the solenoid valve 12 is disconnected, and opens water valve, then anti-by cleaning solution
Irrigating catheter effectively prevent catheter interior to assemble electroplating solution.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention
Liquid purification process is repaired, the maintenance structure 5 includes accommodating groove 51, sealing strip 52, limitting casing 53 and access panel 54, the maintenance
It is detachably connected between plate 54 and the storage box 3, it is the described of trapezium structure that the bottom end of the access panel 54, which is equipped with cross section,
Limitting casing 53, cross section are that the sealing strip 52 of a part of diamond shape is embedded in the inside of the limitting casing 53, the sealing strip
It is contradicted between 52 and the storage box 3, the accommodating groove 51 is set to the inside of the sealing strip 52;It stirs described in the maintenance and cleaning
When mixing structure 2, the bolt on the access panel 54 is dismantled, the access panel 54 is dismantled, by the limit after the completion of repair and maintenance
Position frame 53 is embedded in the inside of the storage box 3, and by bolt that the access panel 54 is fixed, the limitting casing 53 contradicts described close
Strip of paper used for sealing 52 is sealed the storage box 3, to substantially increase leakproofness, the cross section of the limitting casing 53 is trapezoidal knot
Structure avoids and needs to position the access panel 54 during the installation process, keeps the access panel 54 easier for installation fast
The setting of victory, the accommodating groove 51 is catchmented convenient for storage, when the inside of the groove of the storage box 3, which has, catchments, ponding storage
In the inside of the accommodating groove 51, installation poor sealing is avoided.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention
Liquid purification process is repaired, the liquid feeding structure 4 includes 41, two guide rods 42 of sealing shroud, handle 43, cover board 44, pull ring 45, limit
Position spring 46 and sealing ring 47, the sealing shroud 41 of the circular ring shape of the bottom end open-ended for liquid feeding and the access panel 54 it
Between be slidably connected, the handle 43 is fixed on the side wall of the sealing shroud 41, the handle 43 close to the access panel 54 one
Side is equipped with the guide rod 42 that section is ellipse, is slidably connected between the guide rod 42 and the access panel 54, described
The limit spring 46 is equipped between guide rod 42 and the access panel 54, the top of the sealing shroud 41 is equipped with the cover board
44, it is rotatablely connected between the cover board 44 and the pull ring 45, the bottom end of the sealing shroud 41 is equipped with the sealing of truncated cone-shaped
Circle 47, and contradicted between the sealing ring 47 and the access panel 54;When adding electroplating solution, the handle 43 is held, is pressed
Press the handle 43, the limit spring 46 is shunk, the sealing ring 47 and 54 non-contravention of access panel, and electroplating solution is from institute
The inside that sealing shroud 41 is drained into the storage box 3 is stated, after the completion of electroplating solution addition, unclamps the handle 43, the limit
The position elongation of spring 46 drives the guide rod 42 to contradict the handle 43, and the sealing shroud 41 is made to drive the sealing ring 47 and institute
54 resistance surface of access panel is stated, the storage box 3 is sealed, the cover board 44 is engaged with the sealing shroud 41, is avoided
The inside of the sealing shroud 41 enters rubbish, substantially increases the addition quality of solution, and the sealing ring 47 is truncated cone-shaped structure,
It is effectively prevent the solution spluttering in whipping process, the section of the guide rod 42 is ellipsoidal structure, improves the stabilization of liquid feeding
Performance.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of connection rod of automobile engine automation electro-brush plating of the present invention
Liquid purification process is repaired, the filter structure 7 includes pull rod 71 and filter screen 72, and the filter screen 72 blocks with the sealing shroud 41
It closes, the pull rod 71 is fixed on the filter screen 72;Electroplating solution is poured into from the filter screen 72, electroplating solution was carried out
Filter effectively prevent scrap to influence electroplating quality, at the same the use of the pull rod 71 make to dismantle the filter screen 72 it is more convenient.
Fixed plate 6 is fixed on first on the fixed frame of Brush Plating prosthetic device, the conducting wire of stirring structure 2 is connected to control
In box processed, flow-guiding structure 1 is connected to the delivery pipe of electroplate liquid, electroplating solution is added toward the inside of liquid feeding structure 4, makes to be electroplated molten
Liquid is stored in the inside of storage box 3, the electroplating solution of the inside of storage box 3 is stirred by stirring structure 2, when needing to storage box
3 inside and stirring structure 2 carry out cleaning or when Maintenance and Repair, dismantle maintenance structure 5, inside to storage box 3 and stir
It mixes structure 2 and carries out repair and maintenance;Specifically have:
(1) conducting wire of motor 22 is connected on the control box of Brush Plating prosthetic device first, by the conducting wire of solenoid valve 12
It is connected in the control box of Brush Plating prosthetic device, one end of threeway 11 is connected to the spray head of electroplating solution by conduit, separately
One end is connected to water valve;
(2) when adding electroplating solution, handle 43 is held, presses handle 43, limit spring 46 is shunk, sealing ring 47 and inspection
54 non-contravention of plate is repaired, electroplating solution is poured into from filter screen 72, electroplating solution is filtered, scrap is effectively prevent to influence plating
Quality, while the use of pull rod 71 keeps disassembly filter screen 72 more convenient, electroplating solution is drained into storage box 3 from sealing shroud 41
Handle 43 is unclamped after the completion of electroplating solution addition in inside, and the elongation driving guide rod 42 of limit spring 46 contradicts handle 43, makes
Sealing shroud 41 drives sealing ring 47 and 54 resistance surface of access panel, is sealed to storage box 3, cover board 44 and sealing shroud 41 are blocked
It closes, the inside for avoiding sealing shroud 41 enters rubbish, substantially increases the addition quality of solution, and sealing ring 47 is truncated cone-shaped knot
Structure effectively prevent the solution spluttering in whipping process, and the section of guide rod 42 is ellipsoidal structure, improves the stability of liquid feeding
Energy;
(3) rotation of motor 22 drives the driving wheel 21 on motor 22 to rotate, and the driving wheel 21 on motor 22 passes through belt 23
The driving wheel 21 in drive shaft 27 is driven to rotate, drive shaft 27 drives connecting plate 26 to rotate, inside of the agitating plate 24 to storage box 3
Electroplating solution be stirred, while the protrusion 28 on agitating plate 24 increases the contact area with electroplating solution, effectively prevent
The too long precipitating of electroplating solution storage time improves the repairing quality of Brush Plating, while drive shaft 27 is eccentric shaft, works as agitating plate
24 with contact storage box 3 bottom end arc-shaped accommodation space side wall when, agitating plate 24 contradict reset spring 25 shrink, when
Reset spring 25 contradicts agitating plate 24 and slides on connecting plate 26 when turning to top, makes the back of connecting plate 26 Yu agitating plate 24
Become larger with a distance from side, when two adjacent agitating plates 24 turn to the bottom end of storage box 3, two adjacent agitating plates 24
Between space become smaller, promote the discharge of electroplating solution, keep plating solution discharge more stable, while making mixing effect more
It is good;
(4) when needing to electroplating solution is sprayed on workpiece surface, the switch of solenoid valve 12 is opened, electroplating solution is from spray head
It sprays, after use, solenoid valve 12 is disconnected, and opens water valve, is then backwashed conduit by cleaning solution, is effectively prevent conduit
Inside aggregation electroplating solution;
(5) when overhauling and clearing up stirring structure 2, the bolt on access panel 54 is dismantled, access panel 54 is dismantled, maintenance dimension
Limitting casing 53 is embedded in the inside of storage box 3, by bolt that access panel 54 is fixed, limitting casing 53 contradicts sealing strip after the completion of shield
52 pairs of storage boxes 3 are sealed, to substantially increase leakproofness, the cross section of limitting casing 53 is trapezium structure, are avoided
It needs to position access panel 54 in installation process, keeps access panel 54 easier for installation quick, the setting of accommodating groove 51 is just
It catchments in storage, when the inside of the groove of storage box 3, which has, catchments, ponding is stored in the inside of accommodating groove 51, avoids installation
Poor sealing.
The bottom end of the inside of storage box 3 of the invention is half truncated cone-shaped structure, convenient for the plating of the inside of storage box 3 is molten
Liquid discharge, while cooperating the use of stirring structure 2, it effectively prevent electroplating solution to precipitate the effect for influencing Brush Plating in storing process
Fruit, while drain pressure is increased, pour electroplating solution uniformly on workpiece;The use of liquid feeding structure 4 is convenient in addition electricity
Quickly the inner space of storage box 3 is sealed after plating liquor, prevents the solution when stirring electroplating solution from leaking, while cooperating
The use of structure 7 is filtered convenient for the scrap in filtering solution, line clogging is effectively prevent and its influences electroplating effect;Maintenance structure 5
Setting easy access safeguard stirring structure 2, cooperation flow-guiding structure 1 use keep the cleaning of device more convenient.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the description in above embodiment and specification only illustrates the present invention
Principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these variation and
Improvement is both fallen in the scope of protection of present invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its equivalent
Object defines.