CN108940277A - A method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance - Google Patents

A method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance Download PDF

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CN108940277A
CN108940277A CN201810986031.7A CN201810986031A CN108940277A CN 108940277 A CN108940277 A CN 108940277A CN 201810986031 A CN201810986031 A CN 201810986031A CN 108940277 A CN108940277 A CN 108940277A
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palladium
catalyst
selective hydrogenation
acetylene
zinc
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张炳森
牛鸣
牛一鸣
王永钊
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/60—Platinum group metals with zinc, cadmium or mercury
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08—Heat treatment
    • B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
    • C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
    • C07C5/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
    • C07C5/09—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds to carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance.This method first passes through infusion process and loads to palladium nano-particles on zinc oxide, regulates and controls the interaction between palladium and zinc oxide carrier by adjusting pretreatment temperature, and then regulate and control it in the performance of selective hydrogenation of acetylene.The result shows that the palladium nano-particles structure of a small amount of zinc doping shows most excellent performance in the reaction, with the palladium zinc intermetallic compound catalytic phase that develops in the recent period than not only possessing higher ethylene selectivity, but also higher activity is shown under the same conditions.

Description

A method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance
Technical field
The present invention relates to load nanoparticle catalyst technical fields, and in particular to a kind of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene is anti- The method for answering middle catalyst performance.
Background technique
It is proposed that researcher has done it largely since " strong metal-support interaction " (SMSI) from Tauster et al. Exploratory development, and definition is extended to the carrier of load type metal catalyst under by pretreatment or reaction condition to metal Regulating and controlling effect." Metal-Support interaction " is mainly shown as the regulation of carried metal: 1) changing granule-morphology；2) lead to Cross hole, ladder position or epitaxial growth anchoring particle；3) new interfacial structure or bulk structure are formed；4) carrier is to metal nano Particle package；5) electric charge transfer etc. between metal and carrier.Research major part side about Metal-Support interaction in the past Focus on the specific structure and its influence to catalytic action that certain metal and carrier are formed.With the raising for the treatment of temperature, gold The interaction belonged between carrier can gradually increase, and will form different structures in different temperature, by it is this gradually The property of the interaction of enhancing and the adjustable metal of the catalyst structure changed correspondingly, and then regulate and control its catalytic performance.But It is very deep that be at a lower temperature to the current research of regulation of " interaction of Metal-Support " be not, at a lower temperature New structure and its influence to acetylene hydrogenation reactivity worth can be formed to need to be explored.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance, the party Method utilizes " Metal-Support interaction " to regulate and control palladium-Zinc oxide catalytic micro-structure, and then realizes to catalytic performance Regulation, can be greatly improved the performance of selective hydrocatalyst of acetylene；The result shows that the activity and selectivity of reaction all obtains Apparent raising.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance, this method is first by palladium oxide-oxidation Zinc catalyst pre-processes under the conditions of 100~400 DEG C, obtains the catalyst with different micro-structures by controlling temperature；Selection Catalyst with different micro-structures is applied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, to regulate and control the catalytic performance of catalyst.It should Method includes the following steps:
(1) palladium acetylacetonate is dissolved in methanol solvate, obtains the solution containing palladium；Then by zinc oxide nano rod carrier It is added in the solution containing palladium and evenly dispersed under agitation, obtains the solution containing palladium and zinc；
(2) solvent fallen in the solution containing palladium and zinc is evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of 40 DEG C using Rotary Evaporators, consolidate Body powder；
(3) obtained solid powder is roasted in 400 DEG C and air atmosphere, calcining time is 2 hours to get to oxidation Palladium-Zinc oxide catalytic；
(4) the resulting palladium oxide-Zinc oxide catalytic of step (3) is pre-processed 2 hours under the conditions of 100~400 DEG C, is obtained To the catalyst with different micro-structures；The pretreatment is in H2It is carried out under Ar mixed atmosphere, H in mixed atmosphere2Volume contain Measuring is 50vol.%, pretreatment time 2 hours.
(5) there is the catalyst of different micro-structures to be applied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction for selection, to regulate and control catalysis The catalytic performance of agent.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the ratio of the palladium acetylacetonate, zinc oxide and methanol is (0.1-0.2) g:(1-2) g: 100mL。
In above-mentioned steps (3), in the palladium oxide-Zinc oxide catalytic, oxidation palladium nano-particles are supported on zinc oxide nano On rice stick.
In above-mentioned steps (4), in the catalyst with different micro-structures, the load capacity of palladium is 5wt.%, palladium nanometer The partial size of particle is 1-8 nanometers.
With the raising of pretreatment temperature in step (4), gained catalyst when selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacts, acetylene Conversion ratio is gradually reduced, and then first increase to the selectivity of ethylene slightly reduces again.
In above-mentioned steps (4), control pretreated temperature be 100-150 DEG C when, obtain weak MSI palladium structure catalyst, will The weak MSI palladium structure catalyst is in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, the selectivity of product ethylene to be 50-65%, by-product For ethane and C4 polymerizate, 100-150 DEG C of this section as the temperature rises, the selectivity of ethane gradually decreases.
In above-mentioned steps (4), control pretreated temperature be 200-250 DEG C when, obtain the palladium structure of medium MSI zinc doping The palladium structure catalyst of the medium MSI zinc doping is used in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, the selection of product ethylene by catalyst Property be 82-90%, by-product be ethane and C4 polymerizate.
In above-mentioned steps (4), control pretreated temperature be 300-400 DEG C when, obtain strong MSI palladium zinc intermetallic compound The strong MSI palladium zinc intermetallic compound catalyst is used in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, the selection of product ethylene by catalyst Property be 75-82%, by-product be ethane and C4 polymerizate.
In above-mentioned steps (5), the application conditions of catalyst are as follows: using temperature is 100-200 DEG C, is passed through the alkynes of reaction gas Hydrogen ratio is 1:10, and catalyst amount 0.1mg is passed through gas flow rate 40ml/min.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the present invention has regulated and controled the electronic structure and crystal knot of palladium by MSI between precise controlling palladium-zinc oxide system Structure, and it is associated with its performance with selective hydrocatalyst of acetylene.
2, zinc doping palladium structure catalyst when being dominated by electronic effect shows most excellent performance, not only embodies 85% ethylene selectivity, and be 15-35 times of palladium zinc intermetallic compound structure catalyst in the activity of the same terms.
3, long-time stability test and gas hom ology result in situ also turn out that the palladium particle of the zinc doping is urged Agent possesses good stability at reaction conditions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is product distribution of the catalyst that restores of different temperatures in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction.
Fig. 2 is 200 DEG C of reducing catalyst long-time stability tests.Conversion of alkyne (blue), ethylene selectivity (ash Color), ethane selectivity (red), butylene species selectivity (orange).
Fig. 3 is 100 DEG C (a), 200 DEG C (b), 400 DEG C (c) the pattern phases for going back raw sample and corresponding nano particle diameter are divided Cloth counts histogram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with attached drawing with reference to embodiments.
The present invention utilizes " Metal-Support interaction " regulation palladium-zinc oxide system to urge in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction Change the method for performance, this method is that pretreatment obtains different micro- knots at different temperatures respectively by palladium oxide-Zinc oxide catalytic The catalyst of structure, so as to improve its catalytic performance to selective hydrogenation of acetylene.
In following embodiment, using zinc oxide nano rod as carrier, diameter is in 20 rans；The preparation of the carrier Method are as follows: 600mg polyvinylpyrrolidone is dissolved in 36mL ethyl alcohol, and 250mg zinc acetylacetonate is then added and is vigorously stirred 5 Minute.Then it adds 600mg sodium hydroxide and is vigorously stirred 2 hours, until sodium hydroxide dissolution and solution becomes pale yellow The suspension of color.Obtained suspension is kept the temperature 24 hours at 80 DEG C of oil bath.Then obtained light-yellow precipitate object was passed through It filters and is washed respectively with ethyl alcohol and water.400 DEG C of roastings remove remaining polyvinylpyrrolidone for two hours in air on zinc oxide It goes, obtains white solid powder at this time, the as described zinc oxide nano rod carrier.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation process of catalyst is as follows in the present embodiment:
(1) palladium acetylacetonate of 71.5mg is dissolved in 40ml methanol, is then added to 475mg zinc oxide nano rod It in the methanol solution of palladium acetylacetonate and is vigorously stirred, obtains the mixed solution containing zinc and palladium after evenly dispersed.
(2) solvent methanol in mixed solution is removed under the conditions of 40 DEG C using Rotary Evaporators, obtain solid powder.
(3) roast obtained solid powder under the conditions of 400 DEG C is to obtain palladium oxide nano particle to be supported on nanometer rods oxygen Change the catalyst on zinc.
(4) by step (3) resulting catalyst in H2With reductase 12 hour in the mixed atmosphere of Ar, obtain having different micro- The catalyst of structure.Wherein: H2With H in the mixed atmosphere of Ar2Volume ratio be 50vol.%, reduction temperature be 100 DEG C extremely Multiple temperature of 400 DEG C of ranges.
The partial size of palladium nano-particles should be 4 rans in the catalyst of step (4) preparation.
The regulation of catalytic performance:
The prepared catalyst with different micro-structures is applied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, reaction product is Ethylene.Reaction condition are as follows: 5.0vol.%H2, 20vol.%C2H4, 0.5vol.%C2H2, helium as Balance Air, flow velocity is 40mL/min。
For the ease of comparing, the dosage of all catalyst is all 0.01-0.1mg, bed volume is considered, by what is be prepared Catalyst is packed into reaction tube test after diluting 1000 times with commercial oxidation zinc.The sample being prepared due to 100-150 DEG C is more Under high reaction temperature may recurring structure develop, so 100 DEG C and 150 DEG C restore the catalyst that is prepared and control and exist 100 DEG C of progress selective hydrogenation of acetylene reactivity worth tests, and 200-400 DEG C restores obtained sample in 100-200 DEG C of temperature Selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction test is carried out in section.
Fig. 1 is the test result of the obtained catalyst of different pretreatments temperature at a constant temperature, it can be found that with processing temperature The conversion ratio (activity reacted) of the raising of degree, acetylene is gradually reduced, and is then first increased to the selectivity of ethylene and slightly dropped again It is low.
Selective hydrogenation of acetylene there are two main classes by-product, one is excessive hydrogenation product ethane, another kind is C4Polymerization Product (generally comprises n-butene, cis-2-butene, Trans-2-butene, isobutene and 1,3- butadiene).Fig. 1 shows: in 100-150 The weak MSI palladium structure catalyst that DEG C reduction treatment obtains, ethylene selectivity is in 50%-65% or so.To reaction product type Analysis, 100 DEG C are gone back the by-product of raw sample in the reaction mainly from ethane, occupy about 33% selectivity, and 150 DEG C are gone back Raw sample ethane in the result of reaction has already decreased to 10% or so, C4Polymerizate selectively slightly rises to 22% left side It is right；In the palladium structure catalyst for the medium MSI zinc doping that 200-250 DEG C of reduction treatment obtains, ethylene selectivity reaches maximum Value 85%, excessive hydrogenation product ethane and C4The generation of polymerizate is suppressed；It is obtained in 300-400 DEG C of reduction treatment strong MSI palladium zinc intermetallic compound catalyst, the selectivity of ethylene 80% or so, but the activity of catalyst have it is apparent under Drop.
Zinc doping palladium structure catalyst when the performance test results show to be dominated by electronic effect shows best urge Change performance, the selectivity of ethylene has reached 85%.
Fig. 2 is 200 DEG C of reducing catalyst long-time stability measuring stabilities, and it is warm herein to have attempted different catalysts dosage Stability under degree, the results showed that catalyst has good stability under 200 DEG C of reaction conditions.
Fig. 3 is 100 DEG C (a), 200 DEG C (b), 400 DEG C (c) the pattern phases for going back raw sample and corresponding nano particle diameter are divided Cloth counts histogram.Size statistical analysis is known, the catalyst particle size change in size of different temperatures reduction treatment is little, illustrates palladium The size of nano particle is not the principal element for influencing catalyst activity and selectivity.
Catalyst prepared by alumina support is supported on as contrast sample 5wt.% palladium and pre-processes institute by the same terms There is no performances under identical reaction conditions for the catalyst of preparation to the selectivity of ethylene product, illustrates palladium particle and oxidation Interaction between zinc carrier has great significance to this reaction.
To sum up, the palladium structure of zinc doping and palladium zinc intermetallic compound structure are all shown in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction Good ethylene selectivity, wherein the palladium structure of zinc doping is due to showing higher activity and ethylene selectivity, at this In reaction advantageously, and 24 hours reaction tests to also indicate that the structure possesses in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction good Stability.

Claims (10)

1. it is a kind of regulate and control selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance method, it is characterised in that: this method is by palladium oxide- Zinc oxide catalytic pre-processes under the conditions of 100~400 DEG C, obtains the catalyst with different micro-structures by controlling temperature； The catalyst with different micro-structures is selected to be applied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, to regulate and control the catalytic of catalyst Energy.
2. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The pretreatment is in H2It is carried out under Ar mixed atmosphere, H in mixed atmosphere2Volume content be 50vol.%, pretreatment time 2 Hour.
3. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: This method comprises the following steps:
(1) palladium acetylacetonate is dissolved in methanol solvate, obtains the solution containing palladium；Then zinc oxide nano rod carrier is added It is into the solution containing palladium and evenly dispersed under agitation, obtain the solution containing palladium and zinc；
(2) solvent fallen in the solution containing palladium and zinc is evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of 40 DEG C using Rotary Evaporators, obtains solid powder End；
(3) obtained solid powder is roasted in 400 DEG C and air atmosphere, calcining time is 2 hours to get arriving palladium oxide-oxygen Change zinc catalyst；
(4) the resulting palladium oxide-Zinc oxide catalytic of step (3) is pre-processed 2 hours under the conditions of 100~400 DEG C, is had There is the catalyst of different micro-structures；
(5) there is the catalyst of different micro-structures to be applied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction for selection, to regulate and control catalyst Catalytic performance.
4. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: In step (1), the ratio of the palladium acetylacetonate, zinc oxide and methanol is (0.1-0.2) g:(1-2) g:100mL.
5. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: In step (3), in the palladium oxide-Zinc oxide catalytic, oxidation palladium nano-particles are supported on zinc oxide nano rod；Step (4) in, in the catalyst with different micro-structures, the load capacity of palladium is 5wt.%, and the partial size of palladium nano-particles is received for 1-8 Rice.
6. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: With the raising of pretreatment temperature, the conversion ratio of acetylene is gradually reduced, and then first increase to the selectivity of ethylene slightly reduces again.
7. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: In step (4), control pretreated temperature be 100-150 DEG C when, weak MSI palladium structure catalyst is obtained, by the weak MSI palladium structure Catalyst is used in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, and the selectivity of product ethylene is 50-65%, and by-product is that ethane and C4 polymerize Product, 100-150 DEG C of this section as the temperature rises, the selectivity of ethane gradually decreases.
8. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: In step (4), control pretreated temperature be 200-250 DEG C when, the palladium structure catalyst of medium MSI zinc doping is obtained, by this The palladium structure catalyst of medium MSI zinc doping is in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, the selectivity of product ethylene to be 82- 90%, by-product is ethane and C4 polymerizate.
9. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: In step (4), control pretreated temperature be 300-400 DEG C when, strong MSI palladium zinc intermetallic compound catalyst is obtained, by this Strong MSI palladium zinc intermetallic compound catalyst is in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction, the selectivity of product ethylene to be 75- 82%, by-product is ethane and C4 polymerizate.
10. the method for regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance according to claim 3, feature exist In: in step (5), the use temperature of catalyst is 100-200 DEG C, and the alkynes hydrogen volume ratio for being passed through reaction gas is 1:10, catalysis Agent dosage 0.1mg, is passed through gas flow rate 40ml/min.
CN201810986031.7A 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 A method of regulation selective hydrogenation of acetylene reacting middle catalyst performance Pending CN108940277A (en)

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CN110862824A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-03-06 杭州电子科技大学 Preparation method of supported palladium-zinc quantum dots
CN110935445A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-03-31 中国科学院金属研究所 PdGa for selective hydrogenation of acetyleneX/Ga2O3Preparation method and application of catalyst
CN115212877A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-10-21 深圳市添金利新材料科技有限公司 Heat-resistant nano catalyst and photochemical driving preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110862824A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-03-06 杭州电子科技大学 Preparation method of supported palladium-zinc quantum dots
CN110862824B (en) * 2019-10-30 2022-08-05 杭州电子科技大学 Preparation method of supported palladium-zinc quantum dots
CN110935445A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-03-31 中国科学院金属研究所 PdGa for selective hydrogenation of acetyleneX/Ga2O3Preparation method and application of catalyst
CN115212877A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-10-21 深圳市添金利新材料科技有限公司 Heat-resistant nano catalyst and photochemical driving preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20181207