CN108940195A - A kind of porous carbon adsorbent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of porous carbon adsorbent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108940195A CN108940195A CN201810654215.3A CN201810654215A CN108940195A CN 108940195 A CN108940195 A CN 108940195A CN 201810654215 A CN201810654215 A CN 201810654215A CN 108940195 A CN108940195 A CN 108940195A
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- porous carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of porous carbon adsorbent, the porous carbon is made by the raw material of following parts by weight: 3-5 parts of powdered biomass, 1-2 parts of mix acid liquor, 5-8 parts of nitric acid, 3-5 parts of manganese nitrate solution.It weighs and is cleaned 2-3 times after impregnating powdered biomass with mix acid liquor after raw material with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%, carbonization is carried out to the powdered biomass after cleaning and is cleaned with water, obtain carbon base body, it is dried after being acidified carbon base body with nitric acid, and impregnated in manganese nitrate solution, then calcining obtains porous carbon adsorbent.The present invention is effectively combined the absorption property of active carbon and bigger serface with the catalytic performance of Mn oxide, and absorption property is good, and catalytic activity is high, and the concentration of organic exhaust gas can be effectively reduced, the final degradation realized to pernicious gas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to adsorbent preparation fields, and in particular to a kind of porous carbon adsorbent and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
A large amount of volatile noxious gas emission is had into air in finishing and industrial production, such as benzene, toluene, two
The benzene homologues such as toluene.Benzene homologues are particularly acute the extent of injury of human body, and benzene compounds are by the World Health Organization at present
It is determined as strong carcinogen.Especially in industrial production and process, the volatile organic waste gas pollutant of generation has
There is the features such as discharge amount is big, concentration is low, complex in composition.
The fundamental way of removal organic exhaust gas is, less with or without harmful material, to control exhaust gas using free of contamination technique
Discharge, is recycled organic exhaust gas or harmless treatment.According to various processes process and volatilizable organic exhaust gas
Discharging modes, have different processing techniques, being widely used and studying at present more has absorption method, heat damage method, cold
Solidifying method, absorption process etc., and develop in recent years new control technology have biofilm, light decomposition method, plasma decomposition,
Ozone decomposition method etc., but there are problems that oxidation not exclusively and ozone remains leads to secondary pollution, while excessively high being processed into
This is also the key for restricting its application.But during the plasma decomposition to benzene homologues, since the stability of phenyl ring compares
The efficiency of height, degradation is relatively low, and processing cost is higher.
China has a large amount of corn's by-products to be discarded or burnt up as fuel every year, to result in waste of resources.Corn
By-product has many advantages, such as that even tissue, hardness is suitable for, good toughness, water imbibition is strong, wear-resisting property is good, and fibre rich in
Element, hemicellulose, lignin etc. are tieed up, the absorbable liquid for being four times in it and being self-possessed is a kind of active carbon resource for having very much development.It
For the absorption of the moisture absorption on athletic ground, drying, nuclear waste and chemical waste, the cleaning etc. of water field of big area surface and oil contaminant
Deng.In view of corn's by-products porosity is higher, have biggish specific surface area, and corn's by-products contain lignin,
Hydroxyl, carboxyl isoreactivity functional group are contained in the ingredients such as cellulose, hemicellulose surface, and therefore, people are used as adsorbent
The dyestuff and heavy metal ion in waste water are handled, however if direct use, adsorption effect is unsatisfactory, traces it to its cause
Less in surface active composition content, for corn's by-products, physical strength is relatively poor, in use
It is easily broken.Therefore, the preparation method for exploring corn's by-products modified adsorbent has positive effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of porous carbon adsorbent and preparation method thereof, can expeditiously be catalyzed point
Solve pernicious gas ingredient and catalyst at low cost, easy to use.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of porous carbon adsorbent, the porous carbon are made by the raw material of following parts by weight: 3-5 parts of powdered biomass, being mixed
Close acid solution 1-2 parts, 5-8 parts of nitric acid, 3-5 parts of manganese nitrate solution.
The present invention is effectively combined the absorption property of active carbon and bigger serface with the catalytic performance of Mn oxide, absorption
Performance is good, and catalytic activity is high, and the concentration of organic exhaust gas can be effectively reduced, the final degradation realized to pernicious gas.
Further, powdered biomass is at least one of corn stover, corn stigma and corncob through drying and crushing to 100-
The powder obtained after 300 mesh;Mix acid liquor is the acetic acid that the volume fraction that volume ratio is 6-8:1 is 85% and volume fraction is
The mixed liquor of 10% nitric acid;The concentration of nitric acid is 1-3mol/L;The volume fraction of manganese nitrate is 20%-50%.
The present invention selects reagent accurate, can utmostly guarantee conversion of the powdered biomass to cellulose, to guarantee to obtain
Sufficiently carbonization, and manganese solution can be made fully dispersed to hole, it is excellent with the porous carbon adsorbent sexual function for guaranteeing prepared.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of porous carbon adsorbent, comprising the following steps:
1) raw material is weighed;
2) it is cleaned 2-3 times after impregnating powdered biomass with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) carbonization is carried out to the powdered biomass after cleaning and is cleaned with water, obtain carbon base body;
4) it dries after being acidified carbon base body with nitric acid, and is impregnated in manganese nitrate solution, then calcining obtains porous carbon adsorption
Agent.
The preparation process of adsorbent of the present invention is simple, mild condition, reacts controllable and no three wastes generates.
Further, the time that mix acid liquor impregnates in step 2) is 20-30min;The operation being carbonized in step 3) be
200-500 DEG C of carbonization 2-5h under nitrogen environment;The time of nitric acid acidification in step 4) is 10-15h, is soaked in manganese nitrate solution
Bubble, the operation then calcined are after carbon base body to be impregnated to 12-36h in manganese nitrate solution in 300-400 DEG C of calcining 1-1.5h.
The present invention reacts raw material sufficiently under the premise of considering cost, ensure that the abundant carbon of powdered biomass
The high load rate of change and carrier surface catalyst.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent, comprising the following steps:
1) 5 parts of powdered biomass that corn stover, corn stigma and corncob obtain after drying and crushing to 200 mesh are weighed,
2 parts of the mixed liquor for the nitric acid that the acetic acid and volume fraction that the volume fraction that volume ratio is 6:1 is 85% are 10%, concentration are
5 parts of the nitric acid of 3mol/L, volume fraction are 3 parts of manganese nitrate solution of 30%;
2) it is cleaned 3 times after powdered biomass being impregnated 30min with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) to the powdered biomass after cleaning in a nitrogen environment 400 DEG C of carbonization 3h and with water clean, obtain carbon base body;
4) it is dried after being acidified carbon base body 10h with nitric acid, and at 400 DEG C after carbon base body is impregnated for 24 hours in manganese nitrate solution
Calcine 1h.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent, comprising the following steps:
1) 3 parts of powdered biomass that corn stover, corn stigma and corncob obtain after drying and crushing to 100 mesh are weighed,
1 part of the mixed liquor for the nitric acid that the acetic acid and volume fraction that the volume fraction that volume ratio is 6:1 is 85% are 10%, concentration are
5 parts of the nitric acid of 1mol/L, volume fraction are 3 parts of manganese nitrate solution of 20%;
2) it is cleaned 2 times after powdered biomass being impregnated 20min with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) to the powdered biomass after cleaning in a nitrogen environment 200 DEG C of carbonization 2h and with water clean, obtain carbon base body;
4) it dries, and carbon base body is impregnated in manganese nitrate solution after 12h at 300 DEG C after being acidified carbon base body 10h with nitric acid
Calcine 1h.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent, comprising the following steps:
1) powdered biomass 5 that corn stover, corn stigma and corncob obtain after drying and crushing to 100-300 mesh is weighed
Part, 2 parts of the mixed liquor for the nitric acid that the acetic acid and volume fraction that the volume fraction that volume ratio is 8:1 is 85% are 10%, concentration are
8 parts of the nitric acid of 3mol/L, volume fraction are 5 parts of manganese nitrate solution of 50%;
2) it is cleaned 3 times after powdered biomass being impregnated 30min with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) to the powdered biomass after cleaning in a nitrogen environment 500 DEG C of carbonization 5h and with water clean, obtain carbon base body;
4) it dries, and carbon base body is impregnated in manganese nitrate solution after 36h at 400 DEG C after being acidified carbon base body 15h with nitric acid
Calcine 1.5h.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent, comprising the following steps:
1) powdered biomass 4 that corn stover, corn stigma and corncob obtain after drying and crushing to 100-300 mesh is weighed
Part, 1 part of the mixed liquor for the nitric acid that the acetic acid and volume fraction that the volume fraction that volume ratio is 7:1 is 85% are 10%, concentration are
7 parts of the nitric acid of 2mol/L, volume fraction are 4 parts of manganese nitrate solution of 30%;
2) it is cleaned 2 times after powdered biomass being impregnated 25min with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) to the powdered biomass after cleaning in a nitrogen environment 400 DEG C of carbonization 4h and with water clean, obtain carbon base body;
4) it is dried after being acidified carbon base body 13h with nitric acid, and carbon base body is impregnated in manganese nitrate solution and is forged for 320 DEG C after 28h
Burn 1h.
Embodiment 5
It is carried out in the air of same volume with porous carbon adsorbent prepared by 1-4 of the embodiment of the present invention and common porous charcoal
The pernicious gas adsorption experiment of same concentrations is carried out, acquired results are as shown in table 1.
1 pernicious gas Adsorption experimental results of table
Adsorbent | Toluene removal rate % | Tail gas ozone amount mg/m3 | Tail gas NO amount mg/m3 | Tail gas NO2Measure mg/m3 |
Porous charcoal | 65 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.4 |
Embodiment 1 | 90 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 3.0 |
Embodiment 2 | 85 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.5 |
Embodiment 3 | 87 | 0.9 | 2.2 | 3.1 |
Embodiment 4 | 82 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 3.6 |
As shown in Table 1, the porous carbon adsorbent absorption property prepared by the present invention is good, and catalytic activity is high, can effectively drop
The concentration of low organic exhaust gas.
The above embodiments are only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts,
It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of porous carbon adsorbent, which is characterized in that the porous carbon is made by the raw material of following parts by weight: powdered biomass
3-5 parts, 1-2 parts of mix acid liquor, 5-8 parts of nitric acid, 3-5 parts of manganese nitrate solution.
2. a kind of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the powdered biomass is corn stalk
At least one powder obtained after drying and crushing to 100-300 mesh of stalk, corn stigma and corncob.
3. a kind of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mix acid liquor is that volume ratio is 6-
The mixed liquor for the nitric acid that the acetic acid and volume fraction that the volume fraction of 8:1 is 85% are 10%.
4. a kind of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of the nitric acid is 1-3mol/
L。
5. a kind of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the volume fraction of the manganese nitrate is
20%-50%.
6. a kind of preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent, which comprises the following steps:
1) parts by weight according to claim 1 weigh each raw material;
2) it is cleaned 2-3 times after impregnating powdered biomass with mix acid liquor with the ethyl alcohol that volume fraction is 95%;
3) carbonization is carried out to the powdered biomass after cleaning and is cleaned with water, obtain carbon base body;
4) it dries after being acidified carbon base body with nitric acid, and is impregnated in manganese nitrate solution, then calcining obtains porous carbon adsorbent.
7. a kind of preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 6, which is characterized in that mixed described in step 2)
The time for closing acid soak is 20-30min.
8. a kind of preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 6, which is characterized in that carbon described in step 3)
The operation of change is 200-500 DEG C of carbonization 2-5h in a nitrogen environment.
9. a kind of preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described in step 4)
The time of nitric acid acidification is 10-15h.
10. a kind of preparation method of porous carbon adsorbent according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described in step 4)
Impregnated in manganese nitrate solution, the operation then calcined is to impregnate carbon base body in manganese nitrate solution after 12-36h in 300-
400 DEG C of calcining 1-1.5h.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113198431A (en) * | 2021-06-12 | 2021-08-03 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Preparation and application of carbonized sodium alginate-coated or iron/manganese cross-linked modified biochar |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113198431A (en) * | 2021-06-12 | 2021-08-03 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Preparation and application of carbonized sodium alginate-coated or iron/manganese cross-linked modified biochar |
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