CN108931813B - Method for identifying reef cover, reef core and reef base - Google Patents
Method for identifying reef cover, reef core and reef base Download PDFInfo
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
- G01V2210/616—Data from specific type of measurement
- G01V2210/6161—Seismic or acoustic, e.g. land or sea measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base, which comprises the steps of respectively obtaining seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, fusing a low-frequency interpretation result curve and a high-frequency logging curve into a high-frequency constraint curve, enabling the high-frequency logging curve to have different response ranges for the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and carrying out waveform difference inversion by utilizing the seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, seismic data of a research area and the high-frequency constraint curve so as to identify the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base. The method for identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base is accurate, reliable and high in resolution, and can identify the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base in the whole research area and know the distribution conditions of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base in the whole research area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base.
Background
At the present stage, in the process of exploration and development of the carbonate gas reservoir, because the oil-gas content of different parts of the reef is different, the favorable oil-gas-containing part can be found by cleaning the internal structure of the reef, which has important significance for oil-gas exploration of the carbonate gas reservoir of the biological reef, and is an important subject faced by people. There is a pressing need for suitable means for us to identify the internal structure of the reef.
In the method for predicting the complex reef storage layer in the prior art, seismic facies and sedimentary facies are taken as constraints, interwell interpolation and transverse fitting extrapolation are carried out under the control of a sedimentary facies transformation line, a block-shaped initial wave impedance model which accords with geological characteristics of the reef storage layer is constructed, the spatial structure and physical properties of an underground rock layer are solved through logging constraint seismic inversion, secondary explanation of the storage layer is further carried out under the constraints of the seismic facies and the sedimentary facies, the spatial distribution characteristics of the reef storage layer are described in a fine mode, the quantitative prediction precision of the storage layer is obviously improved, the storage quantity calculation precision is higher, the calculation result is more reliable, and the exploration economic benefit of the ultra-deep complex reef storage layer is greatly improved.
In the prior art, a carbonate reservoir prediction method based on digital geological outcrop model forward modeling is characterized in that a three-dimensional digital geological model of an outcrop area is established through field carbonate geological outcrop acquisition and data processing technology in combination with an actually measured geological profile in petroleum geological exploration, velocity models of carbonate reservoirs with different physical properties are established based on the outcrop rock velocity analysis chart and drilling speed data and the three-dimensional geological model is used as a basis, two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic forward modeling is carried out, migration homing processing is carried out on seismic forward modeling data to obtain seismic forward three-dimensional migration data or a two-dimensional migration profile, reflection characteristics of different carbonate reservoirs are established according to response characteristics of the seismic profile, and the carbonate reservoir is predicted. The method can realize qualitative prediction of the carbonate reservoir without conventional seismic inversion, save a large amount of manpower and equipment resources, effectively improve the reliability and precision of predicting the carbonate reservoir by earthquake, reduce exploration and development risks and improve benefits.
In the prior art, the internal imaging effect of the Changxing group is improved by performing fidelity and amplitude-preserving seismic data fine processing on the Changxing group; and analyzing the biological reef seismic phase, summarizing the seismic response characteristics, and performing forward modeling analysis. And combining the drilling analysis and the earthquake forward modeling result, aiming at the defects that the chaotic reflection characteristics of the biological reefs are not obvious and the top amplitude of the Changxing group is analyzed, adopting a frequency division interpretation technology, and improving the accuracy of the biological reef prediction.
The biological reef reservoir is strong in heterogeneity, earthquake identification is difficult, and prediction difficulty is high by adopting reservoir prediction methods such as wave impedance inversion and conventional earthquake attributes. Aiming at the problem, a set of ultra-deep carbonate reservoir stratum fine prediction method which takes numerical modeling as a basis, wave form classification and seismic attribute slicing as guidance and a phase-controlled reservoir stratum fine prediction and prestack fluid detection technology as a core is formed in the prior art, and a good effect is obtained in the application of the metadam area. And provides technical reference for efficient exploration of other biological reef reservoir development areas.
According to the data of the prior art, a set of feasible methods is formed by combining the advantages of interdisciplinary functions of petrogeology, tectogeology, sedimentology, petrology, geophysics, seismic stratigraphy and the like, and the three-dimensional seismic processing and interpretation technology, the inversion technology, the attribute technology and the three-dimensional visualization technology to carry out more detailed research on the biological reef on the basis of three-dimensional earthquake, logging, geology, rock cores, testing, ground geological survey data and the research results of predecessors in the prior art. However, the inversion technique and the attribute technique do not well utilize the manual explanation result of the reef and the fine depiction of different parts of the reef, and the prediction result cannot well reflect the distribution and change conditions of different parts inside the reef. Therefore, there are limitations to the knowledge of the reef, and some methods are needed to more finely characterize the internal structure of the reef, thereby deepening our knowledge of the reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, only reefs can be identified, but reef covers, reef cores and reef bases cannot be identified, and the distribution conditions of the reef covers, the reef cores and the reef bases in the reefs cannot be known, the invention provides a method for identifying the reef covers, the reef cores and the reef bases, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a method for identifying reef covers, reef cores and reef bases comprises the following steps:
respectively obtaining respective earthquake reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base;
fusing the low-frequency interpretation result curve and the high-frequency logging curve into a high-frequency constraint curve;
the high-frequency logging curve has different response ranges to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base;
and performing waveform difference inversion by using the seismic reflection structure samples, the seismic data and the high-frequency constraint curves of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base respectively, thereby identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the seismic reflection structure sample is as follows:
identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base by using well data;
and establishing a synthetic seismic record, and performing statistical classification on the seismic reflection structures corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base identified by the well data to obtain respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
Preferably, the high frequency log is a porosity curve.
Preferably, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are identified by using the well data, different values are respectively given to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and the interpretation result of the well data is converted into the interpretation result curve.
Preferably, the relative values of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are determined according to the relative values of the high-frequency logging curve mean values corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
Preferably, the difference degree of the values assigned by the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base is determined according to the difference degree of the high-frequency logging curve mean values corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
Preferably, the values assigned to other geology besides the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are different from the values assigned to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
Preferably, the interpretation result curve and the high frequency logging curve are fused by using a normalization method.
Compared with the prior art, the method for identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base provided by the invention has the advantages that the respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are respectively obtained, the low-frequency interpretation result curve and the high-frequency logging curve are fused into the high-frequency constraint curve, the high-frequency logging curve has different response ranges for the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and the waveform difference inversion is carried out by using the respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, the seismic data of a research area and the high-frequency constraint curve, so that the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are identified. The reef cover, the reef core and the reef base have different waveform response characteristics, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be identified by utilizing respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base to carry out waveform difference inversion, but the waveform difference inversion inevitably has multiple solutions, so the waveform difference inversion is carried out by using the high-frequency constraint curve as the constraint condition, because the high-frequency constraint curve fuses the low-frequency interpretation result curve and the high-frequency logging curve, the accuracy of identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be improved when the low-frequency interpretation result curve is used for waveform difference inversion, the resolution of identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be improved when the high-frequency logging curve is used for waveform difference inversion, and the high-frequency constraint curve obtained by fusing has the advantages of the two, and the high-frequency constraint curve is used as a constraint condition to carry out waveform difference inversion, and meanwhile, the accuracy and the resolution of reef cover, reef core and reef base identification are improved. The method can accurately identify the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and further obtain the distribution conditions of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base in the whole research area.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the final inversion result of a seismic profile obtained by wave impedance constrained inversion in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the final inversion result of a seismic profile from a porosity constraint inversion of the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the final inversion result of a seismic profile obtained by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the final inversion result of another seismic section using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method embodying one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the interpretation of a reservoir according to the invention.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals, and the drawings are not necessarily to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment provides a method for identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base, which comprises the steps of respectively obtaining seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, fusing a low-frequency interpretation result curve and a high-frequency logging curve into a high-frequency constraint curve, enabling the high-frequency logging curve to have different response ranges for the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and performing waveform difference inversion by using the seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, seismic data of a research area and the high-frequency constraint curve so as to identify the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base. The reef cover, the reef core and the reef base have different waveform response characteristics, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be identified by utilizing respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base to carry out waveform difference inversion, but the waveform difference inversion inevitably has multiple solutions, so the waveform difference inversion is carried out by using the high-frequency constraint curve as the constraint condition, because the high-frequency constraint curve fuses the low-frequency interpretation result curve and the high-frequency logging curve, the accuracy of identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be improved when the low-frequency interpretation result curve is used for waveform difference inversion, the resolution of identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be improved when the high-frequency logging curve is used for waveform difference inversion, and the high-frequency constraint curve obtained by fusing has the advantages of the two, and the high-frequency constraint curve is used as a constraint condition to carry out waveform difference inversion, and meanwhile, the accuracy and the resolution of reef cover, reef core and reef base identification are improved. The method can accurately identify the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and further obtain the distribution conditions of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base in the whole research area.
As shown in fig. 5, preferably, the target reservoir to be researched is selected, and the geological condition at the corresponding well location is explained by using the well data of the completed well point in the research area, in this embodiment, the well data includes well logging data. And identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base. Establishing an earthquake synthetic record, wherein the earthquake synthetic record corresponds to a reef cover, a reef core and a reef foundation which are released by well drilling and logging data interpretation, and the reflection waveforms of the earthquake synthetic record of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef foundation are different due to different rock physical properties of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef foundation, so that the reef cover, the reef core and the reef foundation correspond to different earthquake reflection structures, and the earthquake reflection structures corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef foundation are counted and classified to obtain respective earthquake reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef foundation. Preferably, the high frequency log is a porosity curve. Preferably, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base which are released by resolving well data of a well drilling point are respectively and artificially endowed with different values so as to be distinguished, and an interpretation result curve related to the depth can be formed after assignment. In this embodiment, the high frequency and the low frequency are a relative concept, and with respect to a logging curve, the sampling frequency of an interpretation result curve is low, and data obtained by the same geological type at different sampling depths are not changed, for example, 2 is assigned to the reef cover, and the value of the reef cover obtained at any sampling depth is 2, and is not changed. Compared with the interpretation result curve, the sampling frequency of the logging curve is high, and the logging curve is continuously changed along with the depth and is a continuously changed curve. Preferably, the relative sizes of the assignments of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base are determined according to the relative sizes of the high-frequency logging curve mean values corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, generally, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base correspond to different porosity value ranges, namely, the response value ranges of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base on the porosity curve are respectively taken as the average values of the porosity value ranges corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and the average value of the porosity value ranges corresponding to the reef cover is larger than the average value of the porosity value ranges corresponding to the reef core and is larger than the average value of the porosity value ranges corresponding to the reef base. Taking fig. 6 as an example to further illustrate the interpretation result curve, as shown in fig. 6, the diagram of the interpretation result of a certain reservoir is shown, the left side is the geological types corresponding to different depth segments, the right side is the interpretation result curve, wherein the reef cover is assigned to 2, the reef core is assigned to 1, the reef base is assigned to 0, and the values corresponding to the geological types of different depths form the interpretation result curve in the depth segment. Preferably, the difference degree of the values assigned by the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be determined according to the difference degree of the high-frequency logging curve mean values corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base. When the difference value between the average value of the porosity value range corresponding to the reef cover and the average value of the porosity value range corresponding to the reef core is larger than the difference value between the average value of the porosity value range corresponding to the reef core and the average value of the porosity value range corresponding to the reef base, the difference value between the reef cover assignment and the reef core assignment is larger than the difference value between the reef core assignment and the reef base assignment, for example, the reef cover assignment is 5, the reef base assignment is 1, and the reef base assignment is 0, so that the distinguishing degree of the value ranges corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base on the high-frequency constraint curve is further enlarged, and the accuracy of identification of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base is improved. Preferably, the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base can be assigned with other geological types, wherein the other geological types are different from the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, for example, the reef cover is assigned to 2, the reef core is assigned to 1, the reef base is assigned to 0, and the other geological types are assigned to 3. Preferably, the interpretation result curve and the porosity curve are fused by a normalization method to obtain a high-frequency constraint curve.
The high frequency log of the present invention is not necessarily limited to porosity curves. Other well logs sensitive to reef cover, reef core and reef base response and with different response ranges can be used in the identification method of the invention.
Fig. 1-3 show final inversion result graphs obtained by different inversion methods on the same seismic section, and compared with the inversion result obtained by the method of the invention, the inversion result is more consistent with well logging interpretation results and also more consistent with actual reef cover, reef core and reef base distribution characteristics. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the final inversion result obtained by the method of the present invention on another seismic section, which is verified to be consistent with the well logging interpretation result.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any combination as long as there is no logical or structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively obtaining respective earthquake reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base;
fusing the low-frequency interpretation result curve and the high-frequency logging curve into a high-frequency constraint curve;
the high-frequency logging curve has different response ranges to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base;
carrying out waveform difference inversion by using seismic reflection structure samples, seismic data and high-frequency constraint curves of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base respectively, thereby identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base;
and identifying the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base by using the well data, respectively giving different values to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base, and converting the interpretation result of the well data into the interpretation result curve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a seismic reflection structure sample comprises:
identifying a reef cover, a reef core and a reef base by using well data;
and establishing a synthetic seismic record, and performing statistical classification on the seismic reflection structures corresponding to the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base identified by the well data to obtain respective seismic reflection structure samples of the reef cover, the reef core and the reef base.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the high frequency log is a porosity curve.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the relative magnitudes of the respective assignments for the reef cover, reef core and reef base are determined based on the relative magnitudes of the means of the high frequency logs corresponding to the reef cover, reef core and reef base.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the degree of difference between the reef cover, reef core and reef base assignments is determined according to the degree of difference between the means of the high frequency log corresponding to the reef cover, reef core and reef base.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the values assigned to other types of geology other than reef cover, reef core and reef base are different from the values assigned to reef cover, reef core and reef base.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the interpretation profile and the high frequency log are fused using normalization.
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