CN108931326A - A kind of strain gauge transducer and working method measuring soil pressure - Google Patents
A kind of strain gauge transducer and working method measuring soil pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931326A CN108931326A CN201810931755.1A CN201810931755A CN108931326A CN 108931326 A CN108931326 A CN 108931326A CN 201810931755 A CN201810931755 A CN 201810931755A CN 108931326 A CN108931326 A CN 108931326A
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- strain
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- soil pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of strain gauge transducers and working method for measuring soil pressure, wherein measure the strain gauge transducer of soil pressure, including in cube-shaped parent test specimen and the resistance strain gage being sticked on each surface of parent test specimen, resistance strain gage is consistent in the stickup direction of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two, and at the symmetrical centre line position in each surface of parent test specimen.The present invention has the following advantages that 1, easy to use, easy to operate and high sensitivity, can reflect the micro-strain occurred after structure stress；2, parent test specimen is embedded in the soil body that relatively stable and by the soil body the disturbing influence is smaller, i.e. direction of the parent in soil can't change, so the data that resistance strain gage is read out are true soil pressure force value in a direction；3, parent compression strength is higher, is in elastic stage under soil pressure effect, that is, being embedded in the soil body not will receive compression failure.
Description
Technical field:
The invention patent relates to the fields such as geotechnical engineering, science of bridge building, more particularly, to a kind of strain for measuring soil pressure
Formula sensor and working method.
Background technique:
In fields such as geotechnical engineering, sciences of bridge building, the measurement of soil pressure is always that soil mechanics theory and experimental study are frequent
The problem for encountering but not yet solving very well so far.In Practical Project and experimental study, soil pressure cell is more universal soil
Pressure-measuring instrument is needed to be placed in measured medium and effectively be demarcated, and implementation process is complicated, and influence factor is excessive, mould
It measures more difficult acquisition less than normal and accurately measures numerical value, the soil pressure for differing larger with measured value, and being only capable of measuring on a direction.Together
When, since soil pressure cell is more small and exquisite, it is embedded in the influence in the soil body vulnerable to soil disturbance, forms changing for piezometric surface direction
Become, so that large error occurs in metric data.Therefore, invent a kind of high sensitivity, it is small by soil disturbance, can measure multiple directions
Soil pressure measurement test specimen have great importance.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of strain gauge transducer and working method for measuring soil pressure, which is passed
Inductor configurations are simple, at low cost, the soil pressure high sensitivity measured.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are:
The strain gauge transducer of present invention measurement soil pressure, which is characterized in that including in cube-shaped parent test specimen and
Be sticked each resistance strain gage on each surface of parent test specimen, and resistance strain gage is viscous the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two
Patch direction is consistent, and at the symmetrical centre line position in each surface of parent test specimen.
Further, above-mentioned resistance strain gage connects strain acquirement instrument by conducting wire.
Further, above-mentioned parent test specimen is directly embedded in the soil body, and the parent test specimen is the carrier of resistance strain gage,
The size of the parent test specimen is greater than 1.5~3 times of resistance-strain leaf length, and the parent test specimen is deformable material.
Further, resistance strain gage is pasted at six surfaces of parent, the stickup direction at six surfaces are as follows:
The stickup direction of front and rear surfaces resistance strain gage is horizontal cross, is the compressive load measured perpendicular to left and right surface, left and right
The stickup direction of sheet resistance foil gauge is vertical direction, is the compressive load measured perpendicular to upper and lower surface, upper and lower surface
The stickup direction of resistance strain gage be before-rear direction, be the compressive load measured perpendicular to front and rear surfaces；Parent is in the soil body
In compressive deformation by any direction when, the resistance strain gage at six surfaces can be measured the variation of numerical value
Obtain the size of soil pressure in three directions at the position.
Further, the strain on three directions of above-mentioned parent is respectively strain acquirement instrument measured value εu,εv,εw, certain direction
Actual measurement strain contain the lower strain of direction single shaft effect and consider Poisson's ratio after other two vertical direction deformation to this
Strain caused by direction, the strain of three directions (X, Y, Z) is respectively ε under uniaxial effectx, εyAnd εz,
Further, the strain (ε of the above-mentioned all directions under uniaxial effectx,εy,εz) be converted to certainly by Hooke's law
Stress on body direction, the stress of the direction are soil pressure force value:
σx=E εx
σy=E εy
σz=E εz。
The present invention measures the working method of the strain gauge transducer construction of soil pressure, which is characterized in that measures soil pressure
Strain gauge transducer includes answering in cube-shaped parent test specimen and each resistance being sticked on each surface of parent test specimen
Become piece, resistance strain gage is consistent in the stickup direction of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two, and is in pair on each surface of parent test specimen
Claim at position of center line；Working method comprises the steps of:
(1) position of six surface mount resistance strain gages of parent test specimen is polished smooth first；
(2) stickup of resistance strain gage is secondly carried out；
(3) stickup of end is then carried out, while will be attached between resistance strain gage and end；
(4) welding and each conducting wire finally carried out between conducting wire and end is connect with strain acquirement instrument.
(5) a parent test specimen production compensating plate is separately taken again, and the position of any one surface mount foil gauge is beaten
Ground smooth simultaneously repeats (2), the movement of (3) step.
(6) using same length conducting wire, conducting wire and the end on second parent are welded, and by conducting wire with answer
Become Acquisition Instrument connection.
Compared with prior art, the invention patent has the following beneficial effects: 1, is applied widely, can be in static test
It is middle to compare soil pressure cell using use in dynamic test again, it will not be compacted with the soil body when which is placed in soil
It moves and conjugates, that is, the soil pressure direction measured will not change.2, high sensitivity, fast response time, stability is good, nothing
It needs to demarcate, measurement result is accurately reliable.3, low cost, operating method is easy, and resistance strain gage is a consumables, using primary
Later, resistance strain gage is substantially no longer valid or sensitivity substantially reduces, and is embedded in the soil body without taking out again, both fast
It is again convenient.4, it is convenient for automatic collection, record, multimetering and telemetering.5, resistance strain gage light weight, gauge length is small, can measure
Other instrument are not easy to dispose the strain at position, and do not change original stress state of structure.6, three sides can be measured simultaneously
To soil pressure.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the organigram of resistance strain gage of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the temperature-compensating schematic diagram of structure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that the strain gauge transducer of present invention measurement soil pressure connects the organigram used；
Wherein: 1-sensible wire grid；2-substrates；3-coatings；4-lead-out wires；5-resistance strain gages；On 6-parents
Surface；7-parent right sides；8-parent front surfaces；9 parent test specimens；10, strain acquirement instrument；11, model casing.
Specific embodiment:
The invention patent is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which is to be based on
It is carried out under the premise of the technology of the present invention, but the range that the present invention is protected is not limited solely to following embodiments.
The strain gauge transducer that the present invention measures soil pressure includes in cube-shaped parent test specimen 9 and being sticked in parent examination
Each resistance strain gage 5 on each surface of part, resistance strain gage is consistent in the stickup direction of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two,
And at the symmetrical centre line position in each surface of parent test specimen.
Resistance strain gage is by the element for measuring strain.The variation strained on mechanical component can be converted to electricity by it
Resistive.Resistance strain gage is that sensitive palisade 1 is coiled by the constantan wire or nickel filament of Φ=0.02-0.05mm (or with very thin
Metal foil is corroded into palisade) it is clipped between substrate 2 and coating 3 and is made.It is connect with silver-coated copper wire with foil gauge wire grid, as electricity
Hinder piece lead-out wire 4.
Further, above-mentioned resistance strain gage connects strain acquirement instrument 10 by conducting wire.
A kind of embodiment, above-mentioned parent test specimen are directly embedded in the soil body, and the parent test specimen is the load of resistance strain gage
Body, the size of the parent test specimen are greater than 1.5~3 times of resistance-strain leaf length, and the parent test specimen is deformable material.
A kind of embodiment, resistance strain gage 5 are pasted at six surfaces of parent, the stickup direction at six surfaces
Are as follows: the stickup direction of front and rear surfaces resistance strain gage is horizontal cross, compressive load of the main measurement perpendicular to left and right surface；It is left
The stickup direction of right sheet resistance foil gauge is vertical direction, compressive load of the main measurement perpendicular to upper and lower surface；Upper following table
The stickup direction of surface resistance foil gauge is front-rear direction, compressive load of the main measurement perpendicular to front and rear surfaces.The parent examination
When compressive deformation of the part in the soil body by any direction, the resistance strain gage at six surfaces can be measured numerical value
Variation, the numerical value of soil pressure in three directions at you can get it the position.
The primary measured strain sheet data that arrives of strain gauge transducer that the present invention measures soil pressure is 6, X, Y, and Z-direction is each
Two, a data measured is numbered, X-direction the data obtained is denoted as X1And X2, Y-direction the data obtained is denoted as Y1And Y2, Z
Direction the data obtained is denoted as Z1And Z2.The deformation in the mean values of data measured by X-direction direction thus is taken, then the actual measurement of X-direction is answered
BecomeEqually, it takesMaterial generates elongation (or shortening) deformation along loading direction
Meanwhile shortening (or elongation) deformation can be generated in the direction perpendicular to load.The actual measurement strain in certain direction contains direction list
Other two vertical direction is deformed to strain caused by the direction after strain and consideration Poisson's ratio under axis effect, described in list
The strain that axis acts on lower three directions (X, Y, Z) is respectively εx, εyAnd εz.Consider Poisson's ratio, obtains equation group
εu=εx-μεy-μεz (1)
εv=-μ εx+εy-μεz (2)
εw=-μ εx-μεy+εz (3)
(1), (2), (3) equation group are calculated, can be obtained
εx, εyAnd εzAs X, Y and Z-direction only by uniaxial load when strain.Then the stress of all directions is
σx=E εx (7)
σy=E εy (8)
σz=E εz (9)
The present invention measures the working method of the strain gauge transducer construction of soil pressure, which is characterized in that measures soil pressure
Strain gauge transducer includes in cube-shaped parent test specimen and the resistance strain gage being sticked on each surface of parent test specimen, resistance
Foil gauge is consistent in the stickup direction of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two, and is in the symmetrical center line position on each surface of parent test specimen
Set place；Working method comprises the steps of:
(1) position of six surface mount resistance strain gages of parent test specimen is polished smooth first；
(2) stickup of resistance strain gage is secondly carried out；
(3) stickup of end is then carried out, while will be attached between resistance strain gage and end；
(4) welding and each conducting wire finally carried out between conducting wire and end is connect with strain acquirement instrument.
(5) a parent test specimen production compensating plate is separately taken again, and the position of any one surface mount foil gauge is beaten
Ground smooth simultaneously repeats (2), the movement of (3) step.
(6) using same length conducting wire, conducting wire and the end on second parent are welded, and by conducting wire with answer
Become Acquisition Instrument connection.
The model that resistance strain gage 5 of the present invention uses is BX120-50AA, and the size of parent is 10cm × 10cm × 10cm,
Resistance strain gage 5 is pasted at six surfaces of parent, and the resistance strain gage that parent front surface 8 is pasted is horizontal cross, parent
The resistance strain gage that right side 7 is pasted be it is vertical, the resistance strain gage that parent upper surface 6 is pasted is anterior-posterior to excess-three face
The pasted mode of resistance strain gage it is consistent with its right opposite.Resistance strain gage is pasted on centerline on each surface,
Resistance strain gage is set sufficiently to sense the deformation of parent.
Next, compensating to resistance strain gage, the temperature effect and conducting wire effect of resistance strain gage, resistance are eliminated
Foil gauge compensation has all been a very mature technology in Practical Project and experimental study, sufficiently raising resistance-strain
The accuracy of piece reduces wandering value.
Specific embodiment:
It is limited to condition limitation, the embodiment of the present invention scene of can not carrying out and laboratory study, therefore there is employed herein mesh
Qian Ge colleges and universities and the common finite element software ABAQUS of scientific research institutions carry out numbered analog simulation.The following institute of specific implementation process
Show:
The present embodiment is to simulate soil pressure distribution using ABAQUS.The model of foundation are as follows: soil is placed in 1m × 1m × 1m
In steel case 11, a kind of strain gauge transducer of measurement soil pressure of invention is embedded in away from the face depths 0.5m of banketing, and in native table
Apply the load of 10kN on face.Wherein, the material parameter of parent test specimen 9 are as follows: elastic model E=3.25 × 1010Pa, Poisson's ratio μ
=0.25.
As a result X is measured1=-24.172 × 10-9, X2=-24.172 × 10-9, Y1=-23.541 × 10-9, Y2=-
23.541×10-9, Z1=-0.296 × 10-6, Z2=-0.296 × 10-6。
By X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2It substitutes into?
The ε that will be acquiredu, εv, εwBring equation group (4), (5), (6) into
Gained ε will be calculatedx、εy、εzSubstitution (7), (8), (9) obtain
σx=3.25 × 1010×-1.568×10-7=-5096 (Pa) (1-7)
σy=3.25 × 1010×-1.563×10-7=-5079 (Pa) (1-8)
σy=3.25 × 1010×-3.742×10-7=-12161 (Pa) (1-9)
Meanwhile stress data of the parent test specimen 9 on each face is directly read by finite element software are as follows:
σx=-4928 (Pa)
σy=-4992 (Pa)
σz=-11365 (Pa)
Through being approached by pressure value is calculated with directly reading to obtain stress value by reading strain known to relatively.
Above-described be in conjunction with attached drawing and Finite-Element Study project is background, and the present invention is not limited to the model
In, in practical engineering applications, the present invention will play bigger effect.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure, which is characterized in that including being in cube-shaped parent test specimen and patch
Each resistance strain gage being located on each surface of parent test specimen, resistance strain gage is in the stickup side of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two
To consistent, and at the symmetrical centre line position in each surface of parent test specimen.
2. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the resistance-strain
Piece connects strain acquirement instrument by conducting wire, and the resistance strain gage and strain acquirement instrument concrete model specification do not require.
3. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent test specimen
It is directly embedded in the soil body, the parent test specimen is the carrier of resistance strain gage, and the size of the parent test specimen is answered greater than resistance
Become 1.5~3 times of leaf length, the parent test specimen is deformable material.
4. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that resistance strain gage is viscous
It is affixed at six surfaces of parent, the stickup direction at six surfaces are as follows: the stickup direction of front and rear surfaces resistance strain gage
For horizontal cross, perpendicular to the compressive load on left and right surface, the stickup direction of left and right sheet resistance foil gauge is perpendicular for main measurement
Histogram to, main measurement perpendicular to the compressive load of upper and lower surface, the stickup direction of upper and lower surface resistance strain gage be before-after
Direction, compressive load of the main measurement perpendicular to front and rear surfaces；When compressive deformation of the parent in the soil body by any direction, institute
It states the resistance strain gage at six surfaces and can be measured the variation of numerical value, soil pressure is in three directions at you can get it the position
On numerical value.
5. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parent three
Strain on direction is respectively strain acquirement instrument measured value εu,εv,εw, the actual measurement in certain direction, which strains, contains direction single shaft work
Other two vertical direction deformation is to strain caused by the direction after strain and consideration Poisson's ratio under, under single shaft effect
The strain of three directions (X, Y, Z) is respectively εx, εyAnd εz,
。
6. a kind of strain gauge transducer for measuring soil pressure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described to make in single shaft
With the strain (ε of lower all directionsx,εy,εz) stress on itself direction is converted to by Hooke's law, the direction is answered
Power is soil pressure force value,
σx=E εx
σy=E εy
σz=E εz。
7. a kind of working method for the strain gauge transducer construction for measuring soil pressure, which is characterized in that measure the strain of soil pressure
Formula sensor include in cube-shaped parent test specimen and each resistance strain gage on each surface of parent test specimen that is sticked,
Resistance strain gage is consistent in the stickup direction of the parent test specimen plane of symmetry two-by-two, and is in the symmetrical centre on each surface of parent test specimen
At line position；Working method comprises the steps of:
(1) position of six surface mount resistance strain gages of parent test specimen is polished smooth first；
(2) stickup of resistance strain gage is secondly carried out；
(3) stickup of end is then carried out, while will be attached between resistance strain gage and end；
(4) welding and each conducting wire finally carried out between conducting wire and end is connect with strain acquirement instrument.
(5) a parent test specimen production compensating plate is separately taken again, and the position of any one surface mount foil gauge is subjected to polishing light
Slide and repeat (2), the movement of (3) step.
(6) using the conducting wire of same length, conducting wire and the end on second parent are welded, and conducting wire and strain are adopted
Collect instrument connection.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109632173A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of caliberating device of multiple-degree-of-freedom force feedback equipment end three-dimensional force precision |
| CN110220489A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-10 | 南京仕达得尔智能科技有限公司 | Piece is observed at real-time intelligent expansion joint |
| CN111202525A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-29 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Sports equipment and sports monitoring method |
| CN113432894A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 广汽本田汽车有限公司 | Thrust detection system, method and equipment for automobile steering pull rod and storage medium |
| CN114719734A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Strain value correction method under condition of arrangement deviation of precision diaphragm strain element |
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| CN114719734A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Strain value correction method under condition of arrangement deviation of precision diaphragm strain element |
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