CN108929997B - Bearing steel for automobile hub and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Bearing steel for automobile hub and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
An automobile hub bearing steel and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the automobile hub bearing steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: carbon: 0.58-0.61%; silicon is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; manganese: 0.87-0.95%; copper: 0.10-0.25%; molybdenum: 0.12-0.18%; chromium: 0.10-0.20%; sulfur is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; aluminum: 0.008-0.015%; oxygen is less than or equal to 0.0006 percent; nitrogen: 0.006-0.015%; hydrogen is less than or equal to 0.0001 percent; titanium is less than or equal to 0.0015 percent; the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, and satisfies the conditions of 0.87 to 0.95% C% + Mn%/3 and 0.85 to 1.15% Al/N. The bearing steel has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, fine crystal grains, high purity, excellent strength and toughness performance and the like; the tensile strength of the bearing steel is 800-900 MPa, the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface can be ensured to reach 730-780 HV, and the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to bearing steel, in particular to bearing steel for an automobile hub and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The automobile hub bearing has the functions of supporting the automobile body and guiding the wheels to rotate, and bears axial load and radial load. With the increasing use range and the increasing use amount of the automobile hub bearing unit, the automobile hub bearing unit has developed to the third generation nowadays, and the first generation is composed of a double-row angular contact bearing; the second generation has a flange used for fixing the bearing on the outer raceway, and the bearing can be simply sleeved on the wheel shaft and fixed by a nut; the third generation hub bearing unit adopts the matching of the bearing unit and the ABS of the anti-lock brake system. The hub unit is designed with an inner flange bolted to the drive shaft and an outer flange mounting the entire bearing together. The appearance of the third generation hub bearing makes the installation and maintenance of the hub bearing more convenient, and the performance requirement on the hub bearing steel is higher and higher.
The bearing steel for manufacturing the automobile hub bearing is generally medium carbon bearing steel, and if S55C is adopted, the chemical components are as follows: 0.52 to 0.58 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.60 to 0.90 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cu, and less than or equal to 0.35 percent of Ni and Cr.
With the development of forging technology, the automobile hub blank is heated by a conventional heating furnace (heating medium: natural gas or coal gas) + free die forging production process, and is developed into a hot forging production process for the bearing ring blank by a multi-station high-speed upsetting press.
The new high-speed upsetting forging process adopts an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace heating and tower forging process, wherein the tower forging process is to grind, expand and upset a single piece, then carry out tower forging, and then separate the single piece into an outer ring and an inner ring, grind, expand and punch the outer ring and limp holes in the inner ring. The novel high-speed upsetting-forging process has the advantages of high production efficiency, high dimensional accuracy, high material yield, good metal streamline distribution, grain refinement and improvement of the internal structure of metal, but has more strict requirements on the bearing steel material of the automobile hub. Still further, analysis and classification of defective wheel hub products returned by a certain qualified automobile brand market show that 5 common wheel hub bearing failure modes comprise fatigue failure, abrasion, corrosion, electric corrosion, plastic deformation and cracks. Therefore, the hub bearing steel must have fine and uniform grain hardness, corrosion resistance, high purity (including non-metallic inclusions, residual elements and gas), good upsetting performance and long die life, and particularly, the high-frequency quenching in the subsequent process is required to have not only the hardness of the raceway surface of 730-780 HV, but also a certain depth of a through hardening layer.
Chinese patent application No. 200710045281.2 and Chinese patent application No. 201610001624.4 are patent inventions of bearing steel for automobile hubs. Chinese patent application No. 200710045281.2 is a medium carbon bearing steel optimized on the basis of S55C, in which the range of carbon content is narrowed for obtaining a small difference in hardness of the rolling contact surface, the Al content is limited for refining the grain size and reducing Al2O3 type inclusions, and the harmful element Ti is controlled. The patent application No. 201610001624.4 is a carbon hub bearing steel for microalloy car, which is mainly added with Al element to refine grains except for limited application.
However, the corresponding fine grain effect cannot be achieved by simply adding Al to refine the grains; the hardness of the raceway surface of the hub bearing cannot be effectively improved due to the low carbon content of the existing automobile hub bearing steel, and the hardness deviation of the raceway surface of the hub bearing is larger than 50HV due to the overlarge carbon deviation between the center and the edge of the existing automobile hub bearing steel rod; the purity of the existing hub bearing steel is not well controlled, and particularly, the oxygen content and the titanium content are high, so that single spherical oxide and titanium nitride type inclusions exceed 27 mu m, and early spalling and failure of the rolling surface of the hub bearing are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide automobile hub bearing steel and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the bearing steel has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, fine crystal grains, high purity, excellent obdurability and the like; the automobile hub bearing steel has the tensile strength of 800-900 MPa, and can ensure that the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface reaches 730-780 HV, and the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the hardness requirement of the automobile hub bearing raceway surface after high-frequency quenching is 730-780 HV, the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm (excluding a grinding part), and the hardness deviation is less than or equal to 50 HV. To achieve the above technical indexes stably, the depth of the hardening layer and the uniformity of the structure need to be controlled. The main alloy elements C and Mn in component design need to be reasonably matched (considering the depth of a hardening layer and the wear resistance), and simultaneously, a hardenability element Mo is increased, AlN is controlled to be dispersed and precipitated in a crystal boundary, the growth of crystal grains is inhibited by controlling the purpose of Al and N elements, and Al is prevented from appearing2O3And TiN type inclusions appear. The alloy added with Mn and Cu elements is designed for the corrosion resistance of the hub bearing, and prevents the working surface from peeling caused by local pitting corrosion. The design in the aspect of grain size refinement also comprises the selection of the addition of Nb element, and the fine grains can be finally obtained by matching with the secondary grain refinement in the hub forging processThe tissue of (1).
Specifically, the automobile hub bearing steel provided by the invention comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: carbon: 0.58-0.61%; silicon is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; manganese: 0.87-0.95%; copper: 0.10-0.25%; molybdenum: 0.12-0.18%; chromium: 0.10-0.20%; sulfur is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; aluminum: 0.008-0.015%; oxygen is less than or equal to 0.0006 percent; nitrogen: 0.006-0.015%; hydrogen is less than or equal to 0.0001 percent; titanium is less than or equal to 0.0015 percent; the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, and satisfies the conditions of 0.87 to 0.95% C% + Mn%/3 and 0.85 to 1.15% Al/N.
Further, it also includes niobium: 0.020-0.040%.
Also, the impurities include: pb is less than or equal to 0.002%, As is less than or equal to 0.04%, Sn is less than or equal to 0.005%, Sb is less than or equal to 0.004%, or Ca is less than or equal to 0.0010%.
In the composition design of the steel of the invention:
carbon: carbon element deteriorates toughness, however, carbon element is an important element for ensuring the strength and wear resistance of bearing steel, and in order to ensure that the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface reaches 730-780 HV, the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm, and the carbon content of 0.58-0.61% must be controlled in the automobile hub bearing steel.
Silicon: silicon can be dissolved in ferrite and austenite to increase the hardness and strength of the steel, but higher silicon in this steel grade can promote ferrite grain coarsening. The silicon content in the steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Manganese: manganese can partially replace chromium to maintain strength, and manganese is a main element that can significantly improve hardenability. However, manganese has the disadvantage of promoting the growth of austenitized grains in the steel, and the content of manganese should be controlled. In the steel, the manganese content of 0.87-0.95% is added into the steel and is matched with carbon element, so that the hardness of a high-frequency quenching roller surface is ensured to reach 730-780 HV, and the depth of a hardening layer of the roller surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm.
Mn and Fe form a solid solution, and the strength of ferrite and austenite is improved; mn makes the structure uniform and weak carbide forming elements enter cementite to replace part of Fe atoms. In addition, Mn also has the effect of improving the wear resistance. Therefore, through the research of the structure and the experiment of the calculated phase, the Mn content is controlled to be 0.87-0.95%, and the Mn content can play a corresponding role in the invention by being matched with other elements.
Chromium: chromium significantly increases strength, hardness and wear resistance, but simultaneously decreases plasticity and toughness. The chromium can improve the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the steel, and 0.10-0.20% of chromium is added into the steel.
Aluminum: aluminum is a deoxidizer and a grain refining element, but tests show that excessive Al tends to form Al2O3Non-metallic inclusions which are difficult to deform tend to become fatigue fracture sources, and impact resistance of the bearing is affected. The steel grade has the obvious technical characteristics that the finished product is controlled to be 0.010-0.015%.
Niobium: typical grain refining elements, and 0.020-0.040 percent of niobium is selected to improve the grain size of steel and obtain good toughness. However, too much niobium tends to cause the corresponding carbides to aggregate, resulting in a decrease in toughness.
Nitrogen: the nitrogen element is an important alloy element of the steel, the refined grain elements such as AlN formed by aluminum and nitrogen, NbCN formed by niobium and nitrogen are precipitated at the grain boundary to obtain the grain size of 7-9 grade, and the nitrogen content is controlled to be 0.0060-0.015 percent.
Copper: copper element is generally controlled as a harmful element because copper has a disadvantage that hot shortness is easily generated at the time of hot working, and particularly, copper content exceeding 0.5% is remarkably reduced in plasticity. Due to different smelting modes, the copper content in electric arc furnace smelting (the raw material is mainly scrap steel) is usually 0.10-0.20% without special control, and the copper content in converter smelting (the raw material is mainly blast furnace molten iron) is generally less than 0.05% and copper alloy is additionally added. The steel disclosed by the invention is added with 0.10-0.25%, so that the strength and toughness can be improved, and particularly, the atmospheric corrosion performance is improved. Multiple experiments in a laboratory show that 0.10-0.25% of copper can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the automobile hub bearing, particularly reduce atmospheric pitting and reduce surface peeling of the bearing.
Molybdenum: the molybdenum element can refine the crystal grains of the steel, improve the hardenability and improve the mechanical property. Brittleness of the alloy steel due to fire can also be suppressed. In order to control the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface to reach 2.0-3.5 mm, the invention controls 0.12-0.18% of molybdenum to play a corresponding role.
Phosphorus, sulfur, titanium: the impurity elements in the steel can obviously reduce the plasticity and the toughness of the steel. Particularly, the harm of phosphorus and titanium is the largest, the sulfur is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and the titanium is less than or equal to 0.0015 percent. Meanwhile, lead, antimony, bismuth and oxygen are impurity elements in steel, and the content of the impurity elements is reduced as far as possible under the condition that technical conditions permit.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of automobile hub bearing steel, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) smelting and casting
Smelting in an electric arc furnace or a converter, refining in a ladle, and casting into a casting blank by continuous casting according to the components;
2) rolling of
Heating a casting blank, wherein the temperature of a heating furnace is 600-900 ℃, and the temperature of the casting blank in the furnace is kept for 20-40 minutes; heating to 1180-1220 ℃ after 120-200 minutes, and preserving heat for 80-180 minutes;
rolling by a primary rolling mill, and rolling and cogging a casting blank into a square billet;
conventional rolling billets were rolled to bars:
heating the square steel billet at 1160-1200 ℃ for 80-120 minutes; general of
And rolling, wherein the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 760-900 ℃.
Preferably, in the ladle refining: adding 1.5-3 kg/t molten steel of low-alkalinity synthetic slag into a ladle of an external refining furnace, slagging, performing precipitation deoxidation by adopting Al particles, performing deoxidation on the slag surface by adopting Si-C powder, adding 2-3 batches of the low-alkalinity synthetic slag at intervals of 15 minutes, wherein the adding amount of each batch is 0.2-0.8kg/t molten steel; and controlling the alkalinity of the top slag of the external refining furnace to be 2-4.
Preferably, the external refining adopts low-alkalinity synthetic slag, and the synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 51-53% CaO, 15-19% MgO, Al2O3 5～11％，SiO2 22～24％，P2O5≤0.10％，S≤0.05％，H2O≤0.6％，CaO/SiO22.08 to 2.44; the granularity of the synthetic slag is 5-20 mm.
Preferably, the temperature of the molten steel is 1580-1610 ℃ before vacuum degassing; feeding chromium nitride wires before vacuum degassing, adjusting the nitrogen content to be 60-150ppm, and feeding aluminum wires to supplement aluminum to be 0.015-0.025%.
Preferably, after the vacuum refining is finished, the ladle is calmed for more than 40 minutes, Ar is blown in a soft mode, molten steel is continuously poured, the superheat degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 35 ℃, and segregation of steel is improved by adopting solidification tail end soft reduction and an electromagnetic stirring technology.
The hub bearing bears large load during working, is extremely sensitive to non-deformable inclusions in hub bearing steel, and has the advantages that in the smelting process, residual elements such as O, Ti, S, P, H and the like are controlled to be reduced to a certain content, single non-deformable spherical inclusions are controlled, and particularly the maximum size cannot exceed 27 mu m. The invention designs an individualized refining process and a refining slag system, and controls the size and the quantity of the inclusion which is difficult to deform.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adds alloy elements such as silicon, manganese, molybdenum, copper, nitrogen and the like into steel and carries out corresponding component design. The automobile hub bearing steel is refined by adopting low-alkalinity synthetic slag, so that the size of single inclusion of oxide and titanium nitride types is effectively controlled; the segregation is effectively improved by adopting the process means of soft pressing, electromagnetic stirring and the like.
2. The automobile hub bearing steel is suitable for the latest high-speed upsetting and forging process, the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface can be guaranteed to reach 730-780 HV, the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm, and the tensile strength is 800-900 MPa.
3. The grain size of the steel of the automobile hub bearing is 7-9 grades.
4. The automobile hub bearing steel has high purity: the size of single maximum inclusion is less than or equal to 27 mu m, the oxygen content is less than or equal to 6ppm, and the titanium content is less than or equal to 0.0015 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The compositions of the steel of the invention in the examples are shown in tables 1 and 2, and the performance parameters of the steel of the examples are shown in table 3.
The preparation method adopts a two-step process: the first step is as follows: electric arc furnace (or converter) primary smelting → ladle furnace vacuum refining → casting blank; the second step is that: and hot-working and rolling the steel into a finished product by a rolling mill.
Firstly, carrying out primary smelting of molten steel in a 150-ton electric arc furnace; refining with a steel ladle with corresponding tonnage; continuous casting and pouring; the square billet with the chemical composition meeting the specification of 320mm multiplied by 425mm is produced.
Firstly, a primary smelting furnace: the primary smelting furnace is an electric arc furnace. Tapping molten steel of the primary smelting furnace reaches the following steps: the content of P is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of C is more than or equal to 0.10 percent, tapping is started when the temperature T is more than or equal to 1630 ℃, and a proper amount of synthetic slag is added in the later tapping period. During tapping, manganese-aluminum alloy (containing 22% of Al) is added into a ladle, and Mn is added to the upper limit of the product components according to 100% recovery rate.
② a ladle refining furnace: 2kg/t of low-alkalinity synthetic slag is added into a ladle at a heating station of an external refining furnace (LF), Al particles are adopted for precipitation deoxidation, Si-C powder is adopted for slag surface deoxidation, the addition amount and the addition batch are adjusted according to the slag condition and the silicon content condition in steel, and generally, one batch is added at intervals of 15 minutes, the addition amount is 0.2-0.8kg/t, so that the deoxidation is always kept well in the refining process.
And (3) adjusting the low-alkalinity slag at the initial stage of LF, and controlling the alkalinity of the slag at the top of the refining furnace to be 3-4.
Feeding chromium nitride wires (adjusting nitrogen content to be 60-150ppm) before vacuum degassing, and feeding aluminum wires to supplement aluminum to be 0.015-0.025%; before vacuum degassing, the temperature of the molten steel is 1580-1610 ℃, and the vacuum degassing is carried out for 15min under the condition of controlling the low vacuum degree (less than or equal to 0.3 kPa); and after the vacuum is finished, the temperature is 1530-1560 ℃.
Pouring: after completion of the vacuum refining, the ladle was kept still for 40 minutes or longer, and Ar was blown softly (preferably, the Ar pressure flow rate was slightly fluctuated at the liquid surface). The molten steel is continuously poured, the superheat degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 35 ℃, and segregation of steel is improved by adopting a tail end soft reduction and electromagnetic stirring technology.
The second step is that: feeding the casting blank into a heating furnace, and keeping the temperature at 860 ℃ for 35 minutes; heating to 1260-1280 ℃ after 160 minutes; preserving the temperature for 160 minutes; the blooming mill rolls and cogging the qualified steel ingots into square billets of 200mm multiplied by 200mm according to a conventional rolling process; transferring the steel billet to a heating furnace of a rolling mill, heating at 1140 ℃ for 130 minutes; the finishing temperature is 835 ℃.
The steel bar material of the automobile hub bearing steel bearing produced by the method is processed into the automobile hub bearing, the automobile hub bearing is assembled to a certain known automobile model by a certain outsource automobile company, all performances meet the use requirements after testing, and the service life of the automobile hub bearing steel is superior to that of traditional medium carbon bearing steel such as S55C.
Claims (8)
1. The automobile hub bearing steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
carbon: 0.58-0.59%;
silicon: less than or equal to 0.15 percent;
manganese: 0.87-0.95%;
copper: 0.10-0.25%;
molybdenum: 0.12-0.18%;
chromium: 0.10-0.20%;
sulfur: less than or equal to 0.015 percent;
phosphorus: less than or equal to 0.015 percent;
aluminum: 0.008-0.015%;
oxygen: less than or equal to 0.0006 percent;
nitrogen: 0.006-0.015%;
hydrogen: less than or equal to 0.0001 percent;
titanium: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent;
the balance of iron and inevitable impurities, and the formula simultaneously satisfies that C% + Mn%/3 is 0.87-0.95, and Al/N is 0.85-1.15;
the tensile strength of the automobile hub bearing steel is 800-900 MPa, the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface can be guaranteed to reach 730-780 HV, and the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm.
2. The automobile hub bearing steel of claim 1, further comprising niobium: 0.020-0.040%.
3. The automobile hub bearing steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impurities comprise:
pb is less than or equal to 0.002%, As is less than or equal to 0.04%, Sn is less than or equal to 0.005%, Sb is less than or equal to 0.004%, or Ca is less than or equal to 0.0010%.
4. The method for manufacturing the automobile hub bearing steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) smelting and casting
Casting the components according to claim 1 or 2 into a casting blank by electric arc furnace or converter smelting, ladle refining and continuous casting;
2) rolling of
Heating a casting blank, wherein the temperature of a heating furnace is 600-900 ℃, and the temperature of the casting blank in the furnace is kept for 20-40 minutes; heating to 1180-1220 ℃ after 120-200 minutes, and preserving heat for 80-180 minutes;
rolling by a primary rolling mill, and rolling and cogging a casting blank into a square billet;
conventional rolling billets were rolled to bars:
heating the square steel billet at 1160-1200 ℃ for 80-120 minutes; conventional rolling is carried out, and the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 760-900 ℃;
the tensile strength of the obtained automobile hub bearing steel is 800-900 MPa, the hardness of a high-frequency quenching raceway surface can be ensured to reach 730-780 HV, and the depth of a hardening layer of the raceway surface reaches 2.0-3.5 mm.
5. The method for manufacturing the automobile hub bearing steel according to claim 4, wherein in the ladle refining: adding 1.5-3 kg/t molten steel of low-alkalinity synthetic slag into a ladle of an external refining furnace, slagging, performing precipitation deoxidation by adopting Al particles, performing deoxidation on the slag surface by adopting Si-C powder, adding 2-3 batches of the low-alkalinity synthetic slag at intervals of 15 minutes, wherein the adding amount of each batch is 0.2-0.8kg/t molten steel; and controlling the alkalinity of the top slag of the external refining furnace to be 2-4.
6. The method for manufacturing a bearing steel for automobile wheel hub according to claim 4, wherein the ladle refining is performedThe low-alkalinity synthetic slag is adopted, and the synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 51-53% CaO, 15-19% MgO, Al2O3 5～11％，SiO222～24％，P2O5≤0.10％，S≤0.05％，H2O≤0.6％，CaO/SiO22.08 to 2.44; the granularity of the synthetic slag is 5-20 mm.
7. The method for manufacturing the automobile hub bearing steel according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the molten steel is 1580-1610 ℃ before vacuum degassing; feeding chromium nitride wires before vacuum degassing, adjusting the nitrogen content to be 60-150ppm, and feeding aluminum wires to supplement aluminum to be 0.015-0.025%.
8. The method for manufacturing the automobile hub bearing steel according to claim 4, wherein after the vacuum refining is finished, the ladle is killed for more than 40 minutes, Ar is blown softly, the molten steel is continuously poured, the superheat degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 35 ℃, and the segregation of the steel is improved by adopting a solidification tail end soft reduction and electromagnetic stirring technology.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710383386.2A CN108929997B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Bearing steel for automobile hub and manufacturing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2018/087792 WO2018214863A1 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-05-22 | Bearing steel for use in automobile wheels and manufacturing process therefor |
| KR1020197035801A KR102314171B1 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-05-22 | Bearing steel for automobile wheel hub and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2019565185A JP6862578B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-05-22 | Bearing steel for automobile hubs and its manufacturing method |
| DE112018002705.8T DE112018002705T5 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-05-22 | Bearing steel for a vehicle wheel hub and method for producing such a bearing steel |
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| CN110218846A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | A kind of high-carbon-chromium bearing steel emulsion normalizing processing method |
| CN112662944A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-16 | 宝钢特钢韶关有限公司 | Bearing steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112680666A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-20 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Steel HZ55Cr for ultra-low titanium car hub bearing and preparation method thereof |
| CN112708728B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-09-20 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for improving plasticity of non-metallic inclusion in aluminum deoxidized steel/aluminum-containing steel |
| CN113088623B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽富凯特材有限公司 | Preparation method of ultrapure G102Cr18Mo stainless bearing steel |
| CN115011871A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-06 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Preparation method of Cu-containing ultralow-titanium bearing steel |
| CN115323255B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-04-25 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Preparation method of 200-square continuous casting blank for high-quality and high-homogeneity bearing steel wire rod |
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| CN1745188A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2006-03-08 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Steel pipe for bearing elements, and methods for producing and cutting the same |
| JP2007063626A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Jfe Steel Kk | Steel component for bearing having excellent fatigue property, and method for producing the same |
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| JPS5652084B2 (en) * | 1974-02-18 | 1981-12-10 | ||
| JPS594943A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-01-11 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Production of continuous casting ingot having no semimacro segregation |
| JP3512873B2 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 2004-03-31 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High life induction hardened bearing steel |
| JP4812220B2 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2011-11-09 | 株式会社小松製作所 | High hardness and toughness steel |
| JP2008088478A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | Jfe Steel Kk | Steel component for bearing having excellent fatigue property |
| CN101376948B (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2011-03-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost high-purity medium carbon bearing steel for automobile hub and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2010082685A1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-22 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Steel for surface hardening for machine structural use, and component for machine structural use |
| JP2012214832A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Jfe Steel Corp | Steel for machine structure and method for producing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1745188A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2006-03-08 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Steel pipe for bearing elements, and methods for producing and cutting the same |
| JP2007063626A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Jfe Steel Kk | Steel component for bearing having excellent fatigue property, and method for producing the same |
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| WO2018214863A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
| JP6862578B2 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
| CN108929997A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| KR20200003176A (en) | 2020-01-08 |
| DE112018002705T5 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
| JP2020521053A (en) | 2020-07-16 |
| KR102314171B1 (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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