CN108927504A - A kind of casting technique of aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase part - Google Patents
A kind of casting technique of aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108927504A CN108927504A CN201710385509.6A CN201710385509A CN108927504A CN 108927504 A CN108927504 A CN 108927504A CN 201710385509 A CN201710385509 A CN 201710385509A CN 108927504 A CN108927504 A CN 108927504A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- casing
- core
- molten aluminum
- kirsite
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of casting techniques of aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase part, the 1400 ㎜ x460 ㎜ x195 ㎜ of casing component elementary contour size, 5~7 ㎜ of main body wall thickness, entire casing is semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit, the casting technique route include the following steps:S1, antigravity method investment precision casting technology Preliminary design spray structure is taken;The casting of S2, casing casting;S3, casing casting is carried out using counter-pressure casting technique;S4, molten aluminum melting and casting control;S5, heat treating castings.Casing casting of the present invention takes the composite core of copper pipe He " the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- ", it realizes a whole core, substantially increases a group core precision, there is good deformability, casting stress and deformation are greatly reduced, casting dimension deformation and crackle etc. is greatly reduced and casts metallurgical imperfection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting fields, are specifically exactly a kind of casting method of big-block engine components, especially
A kind of semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit engine crankcase part casting method, the casing zero
Part is cast by aluminium alloy.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase(Hereinafter referred to as casing)Be primarily subjected to gear shaft support reaction, engine vibration and
Maneuver load, maximum operating temperature is 175 DEG C, using cast aluminium aluminium alloy castings machine addition shape.1400 ㎜ of its elementary contour size
X460 ㎜ x195 ㎜, 5~7 entire casing of ㎜ of main body wall thickness be semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit,
These features carry out great technical difficulty to the casting strip of casing casting.Major technique difficulty is presented as:First is that having in casing multiple
Miscellaneous oil piping system, oil circuit space move towards tortuous, and wall thickness is very thin, it is desirable that oil circuit has accurate geomery, accurate reliable
Fixed and positioning means and good surface quality and deformability etc., just can ensure that oil circuit can completely shape, reach function
It is required that and not influencing the performance of integral casing;Second is that the casting and forming of semiclosed large size inner chamber body is the pass that casting succeeds
Key, and core cavity has complicated oil circuit, core cavity type core to generate great thermal shrinkage stress, is that casting is deformed and splits
The main reason for line.
Existing casing casting there are casting form wall unevenness, internal metallurgical quality is poor, dimensional accuracy is low, it is easily-deformable and
It cracks, the technical problems such as rough surface.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of for casting the system of the casting mold of aircraft engine crankcase component
Method is made, the technical issues of being formerly mentioned is reduced or avoided.
To solve at least one above-mentioned technical problem, of the invention proposes a kind of aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase part
Casting technique, the casing component elementary contour size 1400 ㎜ x460 ㎜ x195 ㎜, 5~7 ㎜ of main body wall thickness, entire casing
For semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit, the casting technique route includes the following steps:
S1, antigravity method investment precision casting technology Preliminary design spray structure is taken, before not influencing part and using
It puts, the structural parameters such as adjusting process muscle, wall thickness, lug boss position, so that spray structure is more suitable for Foundry Production;
The casting of S2, casing casting use copper pipe and the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- that composite core is made, i.e., first use kirsite
The arbor of one " semicircle " is made in outer support, and the shape and structure of the arbor is consistent with elongated three-D space structure type core shape, leads to
It crosses investment precision casting technology to be casting together copper pipe and kirsite securely, suppresses the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, close zinc
Golden outer support is integrally formed with the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, guarantees that casing casting does not misplace in casting process;In Baking
When kirsite is melted, by chemically reacting to fall Copper Tube Corrosion, can be obtained accurate size, inner wall smooth and aluminium casting
The complicated oil circuit of dense structure;
Manufacture and design a set of wax pattern, the poly- carbon plaster core composite core of PLM- is fixed in wax pattern, suppress wax-pattern, realizes wax-pattern
Manufacture, pass through coating-dewaxing-roasting and obtain casing shell;
S3, casing casting is carried out using counter-pressure casting technique, mould is carried out to casting construction drawing with MAGMA casting simulation software first
It is quasi-, the flow field, temperature field, stress field of casting are analyzed, structure, running gate system and the casting technological parameter design of casting are carried out excellent
Change, roasting casing shell is placed in sandbox, surrounding fills the counter-pressure casting that water-glass sand carries out casting;
S4, molten aluminum melting and casting control, in casting process, determine reasonable filling velocity and differential pressure tank dwell pressure,
It determines reasonable pouring temperature, in casting highest point setting signal lamp, guarantees within the filling time ± 2s of each casting;
S5, heat treating castings are first simulated using heat treatment software, determine casting optimum treatment process scheme, such as casting
Placement position enters water direction, the temperature for entering water time and water etc., and designs reasonable heat treating castings fixture, it is ensured that casting heat
It handles indeformable;Casting scribing line processes auxiliary chuck by line, and is locked with fixture of heat treatment, and vertical quenching meson face is put
It sets, as far as possible the deformation of reduction heat treating castings generation;Hot isostatic pressing is taken, casting dimension stability is improved, improves casting machine
Tool performance.
Further, kirsite described in S2 is -27 zinc-containing alloys, mechanical property:σ b is 350~400MPa, δ 5
For 2.0~3.0%, HB=100~120, fusing point is about 380 DEG C;By Baking to 900 DEG C of temperature or so, kirsite can be complete
Fusing, or even boiling.
Further, the raw material aluminium ingot of molten aluminum described in S4 or alloy pig Fe content are necessary<0.1% hereinafter, cast aluminium aluminium closes
The chemical component of gold is Si6.8~7.2%, Mg0.5~0.6%, Ti0.15~0.20%, Be0.1~0.2%, Fe<0.1%.
Further, molten aluminum described in S4 uses long-acting alterant Preparation of Metallic Strontium(0.04~0.06%)And rare earth(0.2~
0.3%)Rotten molten aluminum, the modification process, sample secondary dendrite spacing is minimum, and stomata is few, silicon particle at dotted or vermiform, altogether
Colony is small and disperses;Take observation fracture(Ф15)Method and processing test block high power metallographic observation method combine, and determine that molten aluminum is rotten
Effect.
Further, 0.0014~0.004MPa/s of filling velocity described in S4, differential pressure tank pressure maintaining difference are not less than
0.5MPa.690~710 DEG C of pouring temperature pouring temperature.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1, casing casting takes the composite core of copper pipe and " the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- ", realizes a whole core, substantially increases
Group core precision, has good deformability, greatly reduces casting stress and deformation, greatly reduces casting dimension deformation and splits
Line etc. casts metallurgical imperfection;
2, since casting is semicircular arc, casting structure is elongated.Take unified shrinkage coefficient, semicircular arc and theoretical size
It will appear biggish deviation, need to take reversible deformation technological design, therefore use and constructed with MAGMA5 casting simulation software to casting
Figure is simulated, and is analyzed the flow field, temperature field, stress field of casting, is optimized to casting structure;
3, casing casting use counter-pressure casting technique, counter-pressure casting is that casting mold solidifies under larger pressure difference, i.e., due to casting compared with
High Under Pressure Solidification(Feeding capacity is 4~5 times of low pressure casting, 7~8 times of gravitational casting), fine and close tissue can be obtained;
And since the pressure of counter-pressure casting is higher, hydrogen solubility in molten aluminum increases, along with metal freezing speed improves under high pressure,
Hydrogen has little time to be precipitated and be present in casting with ortho states when alloy graining, to make Precipitating gas hole(Pin hole)It is greatly reduced;Together
When, impressed pressure can also participate in feeding, when casting solidifies under high pressure, shrinkage cavity and the micro-crack of appearance can be filled in time, one
The hidden danger that " soldering " eliminates some crackles is determined in degree, and the mechanical property of casting also correspondinglys increase, with following prominent excellent
Point:(1)Eliminate the casting flaws such as bleb shrinkage cavity shrinkage porosity;(2)Improve surface roughness;(3)It considerably reduces big
Hot cracking tendency when type intricate casting solidifies;(4)Counter-pressure casting has very strong feeding pressure;(5)Counter-pressure casting can be reduced
Setting time 20~25% correspondingly also reduces the rotten decay in freezing period, and it is to obtain at present that crystal grain, which is also refined,
Obtain high-quality aluminium alloy castings the best way.
4, the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- is fabricated by the poly- carbon gypsum of refractory material of new generation, this type of core fire resistant, can
It is molten, various complicated shapes can be made into, easily clear up, highest refractoriness has significant superior up to 2800 DEG C than traditional core
Property;Moreover, casting rear profile core becomes loosely, to remove easily, hypercomplex inner cavity can be cleaned out by vibration and simple tool,
It impregnates at normal temperature, being rinsed with water can clean out;Deformability is fabulous, does not need to do any place with silicasol case joint
Reason, joint will not strain cracking, dimensional accuracy and surface luminous intensity are above silicasol case.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, described embodiment is only the present invention one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.
Casing component elementary contour size 1400 ㎜ x460 ㎜ x195 ㎜, 5~7 ㎜ of main body wall thickness manufactured in the present embodiment,
Entire casing is semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, and gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit, the casting technique route includes following step
Suddenly:
First, antigravity method investment precision casting technology Preliminary design spray structure is taken, is not influencing what part used
Under the premise of, the structural parameters such as adjusting process muscle, wall thickness, lug boss position, so that spray structure is more suitable for Foundry Production;Not
Under the premise of influencing part use, the structural parameters such as adjustment process bar, wall thickness, lug boss position, so that spray structure
It is more suitable for Foundry Production.
Second, the casting of casing casting uses copper pipe and the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- that composite core is made, i.e., first uses
The arbor of one " semicircle ", the shape and structure of the arbor and elongated three-D space structure type core shape one is made in kirsite outer support
It causes, is casting together copper pipe and kirsite securely by investment precision casting technology, suppress the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, make
Kirsite outer support is integrally formed with the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, guarantees that casing casting does not misplace in casting process;In shell
Kirsite is melted when roasting, the kirsite, such as ZA-27 zinc-containing alloy, mechanical property:σ b be 350~
400MPa, δ 5 is 2.0~3.0%, HB=100~120, and fusing point is about 380 DEG C;By Baking to 900 DEG C of temperature or so, zinc
Alloy can be completely melt, or even boiling;By chemically reacting to fall Copper Tube Corrosion, can be obtained accurate size, inner wall smooth and
The complicated oil circuit of aluminium casting dense structure;
Manufacture and design a set of wax pattern, the poly- carbon plaster core composite core of PLM- is fixed in wax pattern, suppress wax-pattern, realizes wax-pattern
Manufacture, pass through coating-dewaxing-roasting and obtain casing shell.
Third carries out casing casting using counter-pressure casting technique, first with MAGMA casting simulation software to casting construction drawing
It is simulated, analyzes the flow field, temperature field, stress field of casting, the structure, running gate system and casting technological parameter of casting are designed
It optimizes, roasting casing shell is placed in sandbox, surrounding fills the counter-pressure casting that water-glass sand carries out casting;
4th, molten aluminum melting and casting control, the raw material aluminium ingot or alloy pig Fe content of molten aluminum are necessary<0.1% hereinafter, cast aluminium
The chemical component of aluminium alloy is Si6.8~7.2%, Mg0.5~0.6%, Ti0.15~0.20%, Be0.1~0.2%, Fe<0.1%,
In casting process, determine 0.0014~0.004MPa/s of filling velocity, differential pressure tank pressure maintaining difference not less than 0.5MPa, pouring temperature
690~710 DEG C of pouring temperature, in casting highest point setting signal lamp, guarantee within the filling time ± 2s of each casting.It is described
Molten aluminum uses long-acting alterant Preparation of Metallic Strontium(0.04~0.06%)And rare earth(0.2~0.3%)Rotten molten aluminum, the modification process, examination
Sample secondary dendrite spacing is minimum, and stomata is few, silicon particle at dotted or vermiform, eutectic cell is small and disperses;Take observation fracture(Ф
15)Method and processing test block high power metallographic observation method combine, and determine molten aluminum modification effect.
5th, heat treating castings are first simulated using heat treatment software, determine casting optimum treatment process scheme,
Such as casting placement position enters water direction, enters the temperature of water time and water, and designs reasonable heat treating castings fixture, it is ensured that
Heat treating castings are indeformable;Casting scribing line processes auxiliary chuck by line, and is locked with fixture of heat treatment, and vertical quenching is situated between
Sub- face is placed, as far as possible the deformation of reduction heat treating castings generation;Hot isostatic pressing is taken, casting dimension stability is improved, is improved
Casting mechanical performance.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of casting technique of aluminium alloy large-sized engine crankcase part, 1400 ㎜ of casing component elementary contour size
X460 ㎜ x195 ㎜, 5~7 ㎜ of main body wall thickness, entire casing are semiclosed Large Enclosure structure, gabarit " elongated ", interior casting oil circuit,
It is characterized in that:The casting technique route includes the following steps:
S1, antigravity method investment precision casting technology Preliminary design spray structure is taken, before not influencing part and using
It puts, the structural parameters such as adjusting process muscle, wall thickness, lug boss position, so that spray structure is more suitable for Foundry Production;
The casting of S2, casing casting use copper pipe and the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM- that composite core is made, i.e., first use kirsite
The arbor of one " semicircle " is made in outer support, and the shape and structure of the arbor is consistent with elongated three-D space structure type core shape, leads to
It crosses investment precision casting technology to be casting together copper pipe and kirsite securely, suppresses the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, close zinc
Golden outer support is integrally formed with the poly- carbon plaster core of PLM-, guarantees that casing casting does not misplace in casting process;In Baking
When kirsite is melted, by chemically reacting to fall Copper Tube Corrosion, can be obtained accurate size, inner wall smooth and aluminium casting
The complicated oil circuit of dense structure;Manufacture and design a set of wax pattern, the poly- carbon plaster core composite core of PLM- is fixed in wax pattern, presses
Wax-pattern processed realizes the manufacture of wax-pattern, obtains casing shell by coating-dewaxing-roasting;
S3, casing casting is carried out using counter-pressure casting technique, mould is carried out to casting construction drawing with MAGMA casting simulation software first
It is quasi-, the flow field, temperature field, stress field of casting are analyzed, structure, running gate system and the casting technological parameter design of casting are carried out excellent
Change, roasting casing shell is placed in sandbox, surrounding fills the counter-pressure casting that water-glass sand carries out casting;
S4, molten aluminum melting and casting control, in casting process, determine reasonable filling velocity and differential pressure tank dwell pressure,
It determines reasonable pouring temperature, in casting highest point setting signal lamp, guarantees within the filling time ± 2s of each casting;
S5, heat treating castings are first simulated using heat treatment software, determine casting optimum treatment process scheme, such as casting
Placement position enters water direction, the temperature for entering water time and water etc., and designs reasonable heat treating castings fixture, it is ensured that casting heat
It handles indeformable;Casting scribing line processes auxiliary chuck by line, and is locked with fixture of heat treatment, and vertical quenching meson face is put
It sets, as far as possible the deformation of reduction heat treating castings generation;Hot isostatic pressing is taken, casting dimension stability is improved, improves casting machine
Tool performance.
2. casting technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that kirsite described in S2 is ZA-27 zinc-containing alloy,
Its mechanical property:σ b is 350~400MPa, and δ 5 is 2.0~3.0%, HB=100~120, and fusing point is about 380 DEG C;Shell is roasted
It burns to 900 DEG C of temperature or so, kirsite can be completely melt, or even boiling.
3. casting technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material aluminium ingot or alloy pig of molten aluminum described in S4
Fe content is necessary<0.1% hereinafter, cast aluminium aluminium alloy chemical component be Si6.8~7.2%, Mg0.5~0.6%, Ti0.15~
0.20%, Be0.1~0.2%, Fe<0.1%.
4. casting technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that molten aluminum described in S4 uses long-acting alterant Preparation of Metallic Strontium
(0.04~0.06%)And rare earth(0.2~0.3%)Rotten molten aluminum, the modification process, sample secondary dendrite spacing is minimum, stomata
It is few, silicon particle at dotted or vermiform, eutectic cell is small and disperses;Take observation fracture(Ф15)Method and processing test block high power metallographic
Observation combines, and determines molten aluminum modification effect.
5. casting technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that filling velocity 0.0014 described in S4~
0.004MPa/s, differential pressure tank pressure maintaining difference be not less than 0.5Mpa, 690~710 DEG C of pouring temperature pouring temperature.
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CN201710385509.6A CN108927504B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Casting process of large aluminum alloy engine case part |
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Cited By (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN111097894A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-05 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Method for improving streamline defects of confluence area of ZL210A alloy casting |
CN113941700A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-18 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for repairing defects of aluminum alloy casting |
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CN113941700A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-18 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for repairing defects of aluminum alloy casting |
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