CN108923878B - Sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization - Google Patents
Sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization, and belongs to the technical field of structural health monitoring. The problems of high cost, unsynchronized data acquisition and reliable combination of a wireless transmission mode and GPS synchronization of the traditional sensor node are solved. The system mainly comprises a GPS module, a WiFi module, a power management module and a data acquisition module. The invention effectively simplifies the complicated steps of node arrangement, realizes real time synchronization under GPS timing, and ensures that the acquired data is more accurate; the wireless transmission mode and the GPS synchronization technology are effectively and reliably combined together, so that the data acquisition efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced; the invention carries out complete modularized design on the whole circuit, has the advantages of stable and reliable circuit performance, low failure rate and long service life, simplifies the circuit design, greatly shortens the production period of the product and has high production efficiency of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural health monitoring, and particularly relates to a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization, which has the advantages of data synchronization in a real sense, low arrangement cost, modularization of circuit design, simplicity and high stability.
Background
At present, most existing sensor nodes are wired, power supply and data interaction are carried out through wires, the sensor nodes are plugged into an adapter in a wired mode, and data transmission is carried out through a collection card and a computer; in the aspect of signal synchronization, a system clock is used for controlling signal acquisition of a plurality of sensor nodes, and a PC end always receives data acquired by the whole equipment on site. There are two obvious disadvantages to such a sensor node: 1. the wired data acquisition range is greatly limited, the size of the sensor node is increased, an adapter and a data acquisition card are needed under the wired condition, the cost of the sensor node is increased, and the maintenance fund of equipment is improved. In addition, the PC end collects data on site all the time, so that manpower and material resources are seriously consumed; especially, the disadvantages of the wired sensor nodes are more prominent in the face of state monitoring in large buildings and severe environments where wiring is very complex; 2. in terms of signal synchronization, the phenomenon of monitoring data asynchronism caused by moderate accuracy variation still occurs by utilizing a system clock to control synchronous data acquisition of a sensor node.
With the progress of the GPS technology, the timing function of the GPS makes accurate acquisition of large-scale distributed synchronous data possible, but the timing function of the GPS is currently applied to the GPS and is limited by wires, so that the measurement distance is limited to a small-scale distributed data acquisition due to the existence of a data wire, and with the rapid development of wireless technologies such as WiFi, zigBee, bluetooth, the method of data transmission is greatly improved, and the data can be transmitted from the acquisition end to the data storage and analysis port in a wireless transmission mode. Therefore, how to effectively and reliably combine the wireless transmission mode and the synchronization technology of the GPS, or how to stably and reliably apply the wireless transmission mode and the synchronization technology of the GPS in the aspect of data acquisition and monitoring is a problem to be solved in the technical field of wireless sensor networks.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization, which has the advantages of real data synchronization, low arrangement cost, modularized circuit design, simplicity and high stability.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization comprises a GPS module, a WiFi module, a power management module and a data acquisition module; the power management module provides working power for the GPS module, the WiFi module and the data acquisition module; the GPS module is connected with satellite electric signals, UTC time information and 1PPS pulse signals are sent to the data acquisition module in a UART communication mode, the data acquisition module acquires data on the rising edge/the falling edge of the 1PPS pulse of the GPS module, the data are sent to the WiFi module in a serial port communication mode, and the WiFi module sends the received information to other nodes or server terminals.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a main controller MCU unit, an A/D converter unit and a vibration acceleration sensor unit, the vibration acceleration sensor unit acquires vibration acceleration signals and environmental temperature signals in x, y and z directions on the rising edge/falling edge of the 1PPS pulse sent by the GPS module, the A/D converter unit converts analog signals output by the vibration acceleration sensor into digital signals, the A/D converter unit sends data to the main controller MCU unit in an SPI communication mode, and the main controller MCU unit sends the acquired data to the WiFi module in a UART serial communication mode.
Preferably, the data collected by the vibration acceleration sensor unit is buffer amplified by the buffer amplifier unit and then sent to the a/D converter unit, the buffer amplifier unit comprises an LT6236 operational amplifier chip, and the output end of the LT6236 operational amplifier chip is connected in series with the input end of the a/D converter unit.
Preferably, the MCU model adopted by the MCU unit of the master controller is LPC54113J256BD64 of NXP company; the A/D conversion chip adopted by the A/D converter unit is LTC2344-16 of TI company; the sensor model adopted by the vibration acceleration sensor unit is ADXL356 of TI company.
Preferably, pins RANGE, ST1, ST2 of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with pins pio1_2, pio1_1, pio1_0 of the LPC54113J256BD64 in a conductive manner, and are used for controlling the acquisition of vibration acceleration signals and ambient temperature signals of the ADXL356 in x, y, z directions at the rising/falling edge of the PPS pulse of the GPS module 1; the STBY pin of the ADXL356 is electrically connected with the PIO1_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the standby/measurement working mode of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is selected by the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TEMP pin and the XOUT, YOUT, ZOUT pin of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with the input pins of the four LT6236 operational amplifier chips in a conductive manner, and respectively buffer and amplify an ambient temperature signal, a vibration acceleration signal in the X-axis direction, a vibration acceleration signal in the Y-axis direction and a vibration acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction and then output the signals to the A/D converter unit; the VIBANA pin of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is electrically connected with the REFIN pin of the LTC2344-16 of the A/D converter unit, and is mainly used for providing reference voltage of input signals for the LTC2344-16 chip.
Preferably, the a/D converter LTC2344-16 transmits the converted digital signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 controls the standby/normal operation mode of the LTC2344-16 through the PD pin of the LTC 2344-16.
Preferably, the GPS module adopts a UM220-IIIL model module communicated with a star core, and an RF_IN pin of the UM220-IIIL model module is an antenna signal input end; the AADET_N pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_2 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for selecting active antennas and passive antenna types; the GPIO2 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for judging whether the antenna is normal to the ground or not; the TIME PULSE pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_4 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending a 1PPS PULSE signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the RXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_6 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for receiving an instruction from the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_5 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and after receiving the instruction, the GPS module sends UTC time information of the data format appointed by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64.
Preferably, the WiFi module is a USR-C216 wireless module of Jinan Wired company; the RFIO pin is an antenna signal input end; the USRT0_TX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_0 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending data received from outside to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the USRT0_RX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_1 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending out the data acquired by the data acquisition module; the nReload pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_8 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 configures a WiFi network, the power supply is pulled down by 0.5-3s to start a Simple Config or Airkiss distribution network, and the power supply is pulled down by more than 3s to restore factory settings; the nLink pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_7 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the pin is a WiFi module connection indication pin; the nReady pin is conductively connected to the PIO1_9 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, which represents the WiFi module normal operation indication pin.
Preferably, the line width of the connecting wires between the RFIO pin of the USR-C216 wireless module and the antenna RF is designed according to impedance matching.
Preferably, the power management module includes a rechargeable battery, a battery charging unit, a battery power detection unit and a voltage conversion unit, where the battery charging unit uses BQ24092 as a core chip, and charges the rechargeable battery by adopting a USB interface manner; the battery electric quantity detection unit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery, takes BQ27411 as a core chip, and sends an electric signal to the master controller MCU unit when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is too low, and the master controller MCU unit controls the GPS module, the WiFi module and the data acquisition module to enter a standby working state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention meets the requirement of the current distributed data acquisition on the monitoring range, and greatly increases the range of the data acquisition under the wireless condition; the weight of the equipment is reduced, so that the data collection is more convenient, the node arrangement is simplified, and the operation is possible in a severe environment for a long time and in a large building to be monitored;
2. the invention realizes real time synchronization under WiFi wireless transmission and GPS time service, so that the acquired data is more accurate, and the reliability of the data analysis result is increased;
3. the invention effectively and reliably combines the synchronous technology of the USR-C216WiFi wireless module and the UM220-IIILGPS module, the synchronous precision can reach subtle level or even nanosecond level, the synchronous precision is very high, in addition, the size of equipment is greatly reduced, the equipment is convenient to carry, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, the data acquisition efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, and a reliable bottom foundation is provided for building a large-scale wireless sensor network and a data test system;
4. the whole circuit design of the invention has low power consumption, and can continuously work for more than 4 hours under the condition of no external power supply when being charged for one time;
5. the invention has strong universality, the sampling frequency can be freely regulated within the range of 10Hz-20kHz, and the step program control switching of the sampling frequency is realized by changing the communication baud rate between the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and the A/D converter LTC2344-16;
6. the invention carries out complete modularized design on the whole circuit, has very stable and reliable circuit performance, low failure rate and long service life, simplifies the circuit design, greatly shortens the production period of products and has very high production efficiency of enterprises; has important significance in the technical field of structural health monitoring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional schematic of the modules of the present invention as a generic node;
FIG. 2 is a functional schematic of the modules of the present invention as gateway nodes;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the overall controller MCU unit of the data acquisition module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an A/D converter unit circuit of the data acquisition module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a vibratory acceleration sensor unit circuit of the data acquisition module of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a buffer amplifier unit circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a GPS module of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a WiFi module circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a power management module rechargeable battery and battery charging unit circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a battery charge detection unit of the power management module of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a voltage converting unit circuit of the present invention.
In the figure: a GPS module; wiFi module; 3. a power management module; 4. a data acquisition module; an a/D converter unit; 6. a vibration acceleration sensor unit; 7. and the master controller MCU unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization comprises a GPS module 1, a WiFi module 2, a power management module 3 and a data acquisition module 4; the power management module 3 provides working power for the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4; the GPS module 1 is connected with satellite electric signals, UTC time information and 1PPS pulse signals are sent to the data acquisition module 4 in a UART communication mode, the data acquisition module 4 acquires data on the rising edge/the falling edge of the PPS pulse of the GPS module 1, the data are sent to the WiFi module 2 in a serial port communication mode, and the WiFi module 2 sends the received information to other nodes or server terminals.
Preferably, the data acquisition module 4 includes a general controller MCU unit 7, an a/D converter unit 5 and a vibration acceleration sensor unit 6, the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 acquires vibration acceleration signals and environmental temperature signals in x, y and z directions on a rising edge/falling edge of a 1PPS pulse sent by the GPS module, the a/D converter unit 5 converts analog signals output by the vibration acceleration sensor into digital signals, the a/D converter unit sends data to the general controller MCU unit 7 in an SPI communication manner, and the general controller MCU unit 7 sends the acquired data to the WiFi module 2 in a UART serial communication manner.
Preferably, the data collected by the vibration acceleration sensor unit is buffer amplified by the buffer amplifier unit and then sent to the a/D converter unit, the buffer amplifier unit comprises an LT6236 operational amplifier chip, and the output end of the LT6236 operational amplifier chip is connected in series with the input end of the a/D converter unit.
Preferably, the MCU model adopted by the overall controller MCU unit 7 is LPC54113J256BD64 of NXP company; the A/D conversion chip adopted by the A/D converter unit 5 is LTC2344-16 of TI company; the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 is an ADXL356 of TI company.
Preferably, pins RANGE, ST1, ST2 of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with pins pio1_2, pio1_1, pio1_0 of the LPC54113J256BD64 in a conductive manner, and are used for controlling the acquisition of vibration acceleration signals and ambient temperature signals of the ADXL356 in x, y, z directions at the rising/falling edge of the PPS pulse of the GPS module 1; the STBY pin of the ADXL356 is electrically connected with the PIO1_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the standby/measurement working mode of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is selected by the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TEMP pin and the XOUT, YOUT, ZOUT pin of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with the input pins of the four LT6236 operational amplifier chips in a conductive manner, and respectively buffer and amplify an ambient temperature signal, a vibration acceleration signal in the X-axis direction, a vibration acceleration signal in the Y-axis direction and a vibration acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction and then output the signals to the A/D converter unit; the VIBANA pin of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is electrically connected with the REFIN pin of the LTC2344-16 of the A/D converter unit, and is mainly used for providing reference voltage of input signals for the LTC2344-16 chip.
Preferably, the a/D converter LTC2344-16 transmits the converted digital signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 controls the standby/normal operation mode of the LTC2344-16 through the PD pin of the LTC 2344-16.
Preferably, the GPS module adopts a UM220-IIIL model module communicated with a star core, and an RF_IN pin of the UM220-IIIL model module is an antenna signal input end; the AADET_N pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_2 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for selecting active antennas and passive antenna types; the GPIO2 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for judging whether the antenna is normal to the ground or not; the TIME PULSE pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_4 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending a 1PPS PULSE signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the RXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_6 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for receiving an instruction from the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_5 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and after receiving the instruction, the GPS module sends UTC time information of the data format appointed by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64. Time synchronization in the true sense is realized under the UM220-IIIL teaching, so that the acquired data is more accurate, and the credibility of the data analysis result is increased.
Preferably, the WiFi module 2 is a USR-C216 wireless module of Jinan Wig company; the RFIO pin is an antenna signal input end; the USRT0_TX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_0 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending data received from outside to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the USRT0_RX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_1 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending out the data acquired by the data acquisition module 4; the nReload pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_8 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 configures a WiFi network, the power supply is pulled down by 0.5-3s to start a Simple Config or Airkiss distribution network, and the power supply is pulled down by more than 3s to restore factory settings; the nLink pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_7 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the pin is a WiFi module connection indication pin; the nReady pin is conductively connected to the PIO1_9 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, which represents the WiFi module normal operation indication pin. The wireless module can be transmitted for more than 200 meters under the condition of no obstacle, so that the requirements of the current distributed data acquisition on the monitoring range are met, and the range of the data acquisition is greatly increased under the condition of wireless; the weight of the equipment is reduced, so that the data collection is more convenient, the node arrangement is simplified, and the monitoring of a large building and the long-time working under a severe environment are possible.
Preferably, the line width of the connecting wires between the RFIO pin of the USR-C216 wireless module and the antenna RF is designed according to impedance matching. The aim that all high-frequency microwave signals can be transmitted to a load point is achieved through impedance matching design, and no signals are reflected back to a source point, so that energy benefit is improved.
Preferably, the power management module 3 includes a rechargeable battery, a battery charging unit, a battery power detection unit and a voltage conversion unit, where the battery charging unit uses BQ24092 as a core chip, and charges the rechargeable battery by adopting a USB interface manner; the battery electric quantity detection unit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery, takes BQ27411 as a core chip, and sends an electric signal to the master controller MCU unit 7 when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is too low, and the master controller MCU unit 7 controls the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4 to enter a standby working state. The power management module has an overcharge and overdischarge protection function on a battery, and the overcharge protection is realized through the self-carrying function of a BQ24092 chip; the over-discharge protection is realized by monitoring the rechargeable battery in real time through the BQ27411 chip, when the electric quantity of the battery reaches a set minimum value, the main controller MCU unit controls other modules needing power supply to enter a standby mode, and the user is reminded to charge through the indicator lamp, so that the protection function of the rechargeable battery is realized.
Example 1:
a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization comprises a GPS module 1, a WiFi module 2, a power management module 3 and a data acquisition module 4; the power management module 3 provides working power for the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4; the GPS module 1 is connected with a satellite electric signal, and transmits UTC time information and 1PPS pulse signals to the data acquisition module 4 in a UART communication manner. The data acquisition module 4 comprises a main controller MCU unit 7, an A/D converter unit 5 and a vibration acceleration sensor unit 6, the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 acquires vibration acceleration signals and environment temperature signals in the x, y and z directions on the rising edge/falling edge of PPS pulse of the GPS module 1, the A/D converter unit 5 converts analog signals output by the vibration acceleration sensor into digital signals, the A/D converter unit transmits data to the main controller MCU unit 7 in an SPI communication mode, the main controller MCU unit 7 transmits the acquired data to the WiFi module 2 in a UART serial communication mode, and the WiFi module 2 transmits the received information to other nodes or server terminals.
The MCU model adopted by the master controller MCU unit 7 is LPC54113J256BD64 of NXP company; the A/D conversion chip adopted by the A/D converter unit 5 is LTC2344-16 of TI company; the sensor type adopted by the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 is ADXL356 of TI company.
And data acquired by the vibration acceleration sensor unit are transmitted to the A/D converter unit after being subjected to buffer amplification by the buffer amplifier unit, wherein the buffer amplifier unit comprises an LT6236 operational amplifier chip, and the output end of the LT6236 operational amplifier chip is connected in series with the input end of the A/D converter unit. The main function of the buffer amplifier unit is to provide low output impedance, and to quickly establish analog signals in the acquisition stage. When an acquisition is entered, it also provides isolation between the signal source and the charge flow at the analog input.
The pins RANGE, ST1 and ST2 of the ADXL356 are respectively and conductively connected with pins pio1_2, pio1_1 and pio1_0 of the LPC54113J256BD64, and are used for controlling the acquisition of vibration acceleration signals and ambient temperature signals of the ADXL356 in the x, y and z directions at the rising edge/falling edge of the GPS module 1PPS pulse; the STBY pin of ADXL356 is electrically connected to the pio1_3 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the standby/measurement operation mode of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is selected by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TEMP pin and the XOUT, YOUT, ZOUT pin of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with the input pins of the four LT6236 operational amplifier chips in a conductive mode, and respectively buffer and amplify an ambient temperature signal, a vibration acceleration signal in the X-axis direction, a vibration acceleration signal in the Y-axis direction and a vibration acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction and then output the signals to the A/D converter unit; the VIBANA pin of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is electrically connected with the REFIN pin of the LTC2344-16 of the A/D converter unit, and is mainly used for providing reference voltage of input signals for the LTC2344-16 chip.
The a/D converter LTC2344-16 transmits the converted digital signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 controls the standby/normal operation mode of the LTC2344-16 through the PD pin of the LTC 2344-16. As shown in figure 5 of the accompanying drawings, the CNV pin, the SDI pin, the SCK1 pin, the SDI0 pin, the BUSY pin and the CS pin are electrically connected with the same network reference numbers on the LPC54113J256BD64 chip; the CNV pin is the A/D conversion starting input, the CNV is not controlled by CS, and the conversion is allowed to be started independently of the state of the serial I/O bus; the SDI pin receives an instruction sent by LPC54113J256BD64 to LTC2344-16, LPC54113J256BD64 firstly sends a level input range instruction to LTC2344-16, and then LTC2344-16 controls the level of an input interface to be a corresponding level range; the SCK1 pin is a CMOS serial clock input end; the SDI0 pin is the output end of the whole A/D chip, namely the output end for converting the analog signal into the digital signal; the BUSY pin is a pin which is convenient for the MCU to judge whether the A/D chip is BUSY, and a BUSY signal indicates that conversion is being carried out; the CS pin is the chip select input, and the serial data I/O bus is enabled when CS is low, disabled when CS is high, and enabled when Hi-Z, CS will also open the external clock SCKI.
The GPS module adopts UM220-IIIL model module communicated with the star core, and the RF_IN pin is an antenna signal input end; the AADET_N pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_2 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for selecting active antennas and passive antenna types; the GPIO2 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for judging whether the antenna is normal to the ground or not; the TIME PULSE pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_4 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending a 1PPS PULSE signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the RXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_6 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for receiving an instruction from the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_5 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and after receiving the instruction, the GPS module sends UTC time information of the data format appointed by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64. Three light emitting diodes in the module are test indicator lights.
When the sensor node is a common node, the USR-C216 wireless module is set to a station mode, namely the sensor node only sends out data acquired by the system. The WiFi module 2 adopts a USR-C216 wireless module of Jinan someone company; the RFIO pin is an antenna signal input end; the USRT0_TX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_0 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending data received from outside to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the USRT0_RX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_1 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending out the data acquired by the data acquisition module 4; the nReload pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_8 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 configures a WiFi network, the power supply is pulled down by 0.5-3s to start a Simple Config or Airkiss distribution network, and the power supply is pulled down by more than 3s to restore factory settings; the nLink pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_7 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the pin is a WiFi module connection indication pin; the nReady pin is conductively connected to the PIO1_9 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, which represents the WiFi module normal operation indication pin. Five light emitting diodes in the module are test indicator lamps.
The power management module 3 comprises a rechargeable battery, a battery charging unit and a battery electric quantity detection unit, wherein the battery charging unit takes BQ24092 as a core chip and charges the rechargeable battery in a USB interface mode; the battery electric quantity detection unit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery, takes BQ27411 as a core chip, and sends an electric signal to the main controller MCU unit 7 when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is too low, and the main controller MCU unit 7 controls the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4 to enter a standby working state. As shown in fig. 10 to 12 of the drawings, the peripheral circuits of the charging chip BQ24092 and the peripheral circuits of the electric quantity detecting chip BQ27411 are both chip manufacturer recommended circuits, and the SDA pin and the SCL pin of the BQ27411 are electrically connected with the same network numbers on the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and respectively transmit the normal electric quantity electric signals and the under-voltage electric signals of the charging battery to the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64. In the module, a two-color-dio light-emitting diode is a charging state indicator lamp, a light-emitting diode D4 is a rechargeable battery normal work indicator lamp, and a light-emitting diode D3 is a rechargeable battery under-voltage indicator lamp. The power supply voltage of the USB is 3.7V when the USB is directly charged, and the power supply voltage of the rechargeable battery is 4.2V; TPS61222 chip is a boost chip, which converts USB direct supply voltage or rechargeable battery supply voltage into 5V direct current voltage; TPS62080 chip is a step-down chip, which converts USB direct supply voltage or rechargeable battery supply voltage into 3V direct current voltage.
The embodiment meets the requirement of the current distributed data acquisition on the monitoring range, and greatly increases the range of the data acquisition under the wireless condition; the weight of the equipment is reduced, so that the data collection is more convenient, the node arrangement is simplified, and the operation is possible in a severe environment for a long time and in a large building to be monitored;
the embodiment realizes real time synchronization under GPS time service, so that the acquired data is more accurate, and the credibility of the data analysis result is increased; the embodiment effectively and reliably combines the wireless transmission mode and the GPS synchronization technology, greatly reduces the size of equipment, saves a great amount of manpower and material resources, improves the data acquisition efficiency, reduces the cost, and provides a reliable bottom foundation for building a large wireless sensor network and a data testing system;
in the embodiment, the whole circuit is completely modularized through UM220-IIIL, USR-C216, LPC54113J256BD64 and other chips, so that the circuit performance is very stable and reliable, the failure rate is low, the service life is long, the circuit design is simplified, the production period of a product is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency of enterprises is very high.
Example 2:
a sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization comprises a GPS module 1, a WiFi module 2, a power management module 3 and a data acquisition module 4; the power management module 3 provides working power for the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4; the GPS module 1 is connected with a satellite electric signal, and transmits UTC time information and 1PPS pulse signals to the data acquisition module 4 in a UART communication manner. The data acquisition module 4 comprises a main controller MCU unit 7, an A/D converter unit 5 and a vibration acceleration sensor unit 6, the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 acquires vibration acceleration signals and environment temperature signals in the x, y and z directions on the rising edge/falling edge of PPS pulse of the GPS module 1, the A/D converter unit 5 converts analog signals output by the vibration acceleration sensor into digital signals, the A/D converter unit transmits data to the main controller MCU unit 7 in an SPI communication mode, the main controller MCU unit 7 transmits the acquired data to the WiFi module 2 in a UART serial communication mode, and the WiFi module 2 transmits the received information to other nodes or server terminals.
The MCU model adopted by the master controller MCU unit 7 is LPC54113J256BD64 of NXP company; the A/D conversion chip adopted by the A/D converter unit 5 is LTC2344-16 of TI company; the sensor type adopted by the vibration acceleration sensor unit 6 is ADXL356 of TI company.
And data acquired by the vibration acceleration sensor unit are transmitted to the A/D converter unit after being subjected to buffer amplification by the buffer amplifier unit, wherein the buffer amplifier unit comprises an LT6236 operational amplifier chip, and the output end of the LT6236 operational amplifier chip is connected in series with the input end of the A/D converter unit. The main function of the buffer amplifier unit is to provide low output impedance, and to quickly establish analog signals in the acquisition stage. When an acquisition is entered, it also provides isolation between the signal source and the charge flow at the analog input.
The pins RANGE, ST1 and ST2 of the ADXL356 are respectively and conductively connected with pins pio1_2, pio1_1 and pio1_0 of the LPC54113J256BD64, and are used for controlling the acquisition of vibration acceleration signals and ambient temperature signals of the ADXL356 in the x, y and z directions at the rising edge/falling edge of the GPS module 1PPS pulse; the STBY pin of ADXL356 is electrically connected to the pio1_3 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the standby/measurement operation mode of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is selected by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TEMP pin and the XOUT, YOUT, ZOUT pin of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with the input pins of the four LT6236 operational amplifier chips in a conductive mode, and respectively buffer and amplify an ambient temperature signal, a vibration acceleration signal in the X-axis direction, a vibration acceleration signal in the Y-axis direction and a vibration acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction and then output the signals to the A/D converter unit; the VIBANA pin of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is electrically connected with the REFIN pin of the LTC2344-16 of the A/D converter unit, and is mainly used for providing reference voltage of input signals for the LTC2344-16 chip.
The a/D converter LTC2344-16 transmits the converted digital signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 controls the standby/normal operation mode of the LTC2344-16 through the PD pin of the LTC 2344-16. As shown in figure 5 of the accompanying drawings, the CNV pin, the SDI pin, the SCK1 pin, the SDI0 pin, the BUSY pin and the CS pin are electrically connected with the same network reference numbers on the LPC54113J256BD64 chip; the CNV pin is the A/D conversion starting input, the CNV is not controlled by CS, and the conversion is allowed to be started independently of the state of the serial I/O bus; the SDI pin receives an instruction sent by LPC54113J256BD64 to LTC2344-16, LPC54113J256BD64 firstly sends a level input range instruction to LTC2344-16, and then LTC2344-16 controls the level of an input interface to be a corresponding level range; the SCK1 pin is a CMOS serial clock input end; the SDI0 pin is the output end of the whole A/D chip, namely the output end for converting the analog signal into the digital signal; the BUSY pin is a pin which is convenient for the MCU to judge whether the A/D chip is BUSY, and a BUSY signal indicates that conversion is being carried out; the CS pin is the chip select input, and the serial data I/O bus is enabled when CS is low, disabled when CS is high, and enabled when Hi-Z, CS will also open the external clock SCKI.
The GPS module adopts UM220-IIIL model module communicated with the star core, and the RF_IN pin is an antenna signal input end; the AADET_N pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_2 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for selecting active antennas and passive antenna types; the GPIO2 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for judging whether the antenna is normal to the ground or not; the TIME PULSE pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_4 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending a 1PPS PULSE signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the RXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_6 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for receiving an instruction from the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_5 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and after receiving the instruction, the GPS module sends UTC time information of the data format appointed by the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64. Three light emitting diodes in the module are test indicator lights.
When the sensor node is a gateway node, the USR-C216 wireless module is set to be in an AP mode and a station mode, and at the moment, the sensor node can send data received from the outside to the MCU and can send data acquired by the internal acquisition module; in short, the sensor node has both a receiving function and a transmitting function at this time. The WiFi module 2 adopts a USR-C216 wireless module of Jinan someone company; the RFIO pin is an antenna signal input end; the USRT0_TX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_0 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending data received from outside to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the USRT0_RX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_1 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending out the data acquired by the data acquisition module 4; the nReload pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_8 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 configures a WiFi network, the power supply is pulled down by 0.5-3s to start a Simple Config or Airkiss distribution network, and the power supply is pulled down by more than 3s to restore factory settings; the nLink pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_7 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the pin is a WiFi module connection indication pin; the nReady pin is conductively connected to the PIO1_9 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, which represents the WiFi module normal operation indication pin. Five light emitting diodes in the module are test indicator lamps.
The power management module 3 comprises a rechargeable battery, a battery charging unit and a battery electric quantity detection unit, wherein the battery charging unit takes BQ24092 as a core chip and charges the rechargeable battery in a USB interface mode; the battery electric quantity detection unit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery, takes BQ27411 as a core chip, and sends an electric signal to the main controller MCU unit 7 when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is too low, and the main controller MCU unit 7 controls the GPS module 1, the WiFi module 2 and the data acquisition module 4 to enter a standby working state. As shown in fig. 10-12 of the drawings of the specification, the peripheral circuits of the charging chip BQ24092 and the peripheral circuits of the electric quantity detecting chip BQ27411 are both chip manufacturer recommended circuits, and the SDA pin and the SCL pin of the BQ27411 are electrically connected with the same network numbers on the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, so as to respectively transmit the normal electric quantity electric signals and the under-voltage electric signals of the charging battery to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD 64. In the module, a two-color-dio light-emitting diode is a charging state indicator lamp, a light-emitting diode D4 is a rechargeable battery normal work indicator lamp, and a light-emitting diode D3 is a rechargeable battery under-voltage indicator lamp. The power supply voltage of the USB is 3.7V when the USB is directly charged, and the power supply voltage of the rechargeable battery is 4.2V; TPS61222 chip is a boost chip, which converts USB direct supply voltage or rechargeable battery supply voltage into 5V direct current voltage; TPS62080 chip is a step-down chip, which converts USB direct supply voltage or rechargeable battery supply voltage into 3V direct current voltage.
The embodiment meets the requirement of the current distributed data acquisition on the monitoring range, and greatly increases the range of the data acquisition under the wireless condition; the weight of the equipment is reduced, so that the data collection is more convenient, the node arrangement is simplified, and the operation is possible in a severe environment for a long time and in a large building to be monitored;
the embodiment realizes real time synchronization under GPS time service, so that the acquired data is more accurate, and the credibility of the data analysis result is increased; the embodiment effectively and reliably combines the wireless transmission mode and the GPS synchronization technology, greatly reduces the size of equipment, saves a great amount of manpower and material resources, improves the data acquisition efficiency, reduces the cost, and provides a reliable bottom foundation for building a large wireless sensor network and a data testing system;
in the embodiment, the whole circuit is completely modularized through UM220-IIIL, USR-C216, LPC54113J256BD64 and other chips, so that the circuit performance is very stable and reliable, the failure rate is low, the service life is long, the circuit design is simplified, the production period of a product is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency of enterprises is very high.
The connection wire line width between the RFIO pin and the antenna RF of the USR-C216 wireless module of this embodiment is 20mil, which is designed for impedance matching. According to the embodiment, the aim that all high-frequency microwave signals can be transmitted to the load point is achieved through impedance matching design, and no signals are reflected back to the source point, so that energy benefit is improved.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather the equivalent variations and modifications in shape, construction, characteristics and spirit according to the scope of the claims should be construed to be included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization is characterized in that: the system comprises a GPS module, a WiFi module, a power management module and a data acquisition module; the power management module provides working power for the GPS module, the WiFi module and the data acquisition module; the GPS module is connected with satellite electric signals, UTC time information and 1PPS pulse signals are sent to the data acquisition module in a UART communication mode, the data acquisition module acquires data on the rising edge/falling edge of the 1PPS pulse of the GPS module and sends the data to the WiFi module in a serial port communication mode, the WiFi module sends the received information to other nodes or server terminals, the data acquisition module comprises a master controller MCU unit, an A/D converter unit and a vibration acceleration sensor unit, the vibration acceleration sensor unit acquires vibration acceleration signals and environmental temperature signals in the x, y and z directions on the rising edge/falling edge of the 1PPS pulse sent by the GPS module, the A/D converter unit converts analog signals output by the vibration acceleration sensor into digital signals, the A/D converter unit sends the data to the master MCU unit in a serial port communication mode, the master controller MCU unit sends the acquired data to the WiFi module in a serial port communication mode, and the master controller MCU unit adopts a MCU 57256 as a UART model 54113; the A/D conversion chip adopted by the A/D converter unit is LTC2344-16; the sensor model adopted by the vibration acceleration sensor unit is ADXL356, the GPS module is UM220-IIIL model module, and the RF_IN pin is an antenna signal input end; the AADET_N pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_2 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for selecting active antennas and passive antenna types; the GPIO2 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for judging whether the antenna is normal to the ground or not; the TIME PULSE pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_4 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending a 1PPS PULSE signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the RXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_6 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for receiving an instruction from the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TXD1 pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_5 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, after receiving the instruction, the GPS module sends UTC time information of a designated data format of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 to the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the WiFi module adopts a USR-C216 wireless module; the RFIO pin is an antenna signal input end; the USRT0_TX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_0 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending data received from outside to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the USRT0_RX pin is in conductive connection with the PIO0_1 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 and is used for sending out the data acquired by the data acquisition module; the nReload pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_8 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 configures a WiFi network, the power supply is pulled down by 0.5-3s to start a Simple Config or Airkiss distribution network, and the power supply is pulled down by more than 3s to restore factory settings; the nLink pin is in conductive connection with the PIO1_7 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the pin is a WiFi module connection indication pin; the nReady pin is conductively connected to the PIO1_9 pin of the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, which represents the WiFi module normal operation indication pin.
2. The sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization of claim 1, wherein: the data acquired by the vibration acceleration sensor unit are transmitted to the A/D converter unit after being subjected to buffer amplification by the buffer amplifier unit, the buffer amplifier unit comprises an LT6236 operational amplifier chip, and the output end of the LT6236 operational amplifier chip is connected in series with the input end of the A/D converter unit.
3. The sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization of claim 1, wherein: the pins RANGE, ST1 and ST2 of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with pins pio1_2, pio1_1 and pio1_0 of the LPC54113J256BD64 in a conductive manner, and are used for controlling the acquisition of vibration acceleration signals and environmental temperature signals in x, y and z directions of the ADXL356 at the rising edge/falling edge of the PPS pulse of the GPS module 1; the STBY pin of the ADXL356 is electrically connected with the PIO1_3 pin of the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the standby/measurement working mode of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is selected by the master controller MCULPC54113J256BD64; the TEMP pin and the XOUT, YOUT, ZOUT pin of the ADXL356 are respectively connected with the input pins of the four LT6236 operational amplifier chips in a conductive manner, and respectively buffer and amplify an ambient temperature signal, a vibration acceleration signal in the X-axis direction, a vibration acceleration signal in the Y-axis direction and a vibration acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction and then output the signals to the A/D converter unit; the VIBANA pin of the vibration acceleration sensor ADXL356 is electrically connected with the REFIN pin of the LTC2344-16 of the A/D converter unit, and is mainly used for providing reference voltage of input signals for the LTC2344-16 chip.
4. The sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS time service synchronization according to claim 3, wherein: the a/D converter LTC2344-16 transmits the converted digital signal to the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64, and the overall controller MCULPC54113J256BD64 controls the standby/normal operation mode of the LTC2344-16 through the PD pin of the LTC 2344-16.
5. The sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization of claim 1, wherein: the line width of the connecting wires between the RFIO pin of the USR-C216 wireless module and the antenna RF is designed according to impedance matching.
6. The sensor node based on WiFi wireless and GPS timing synchronization of claim 1, wherein: the power management module comprises a rechargeable battery, a battery charging unit, a battery electric quantity detection unit and a voltage conversion unit, wherein the battery charging unit takes BQ24092 as a core chip and charges the rechargeable battery in a USB interface mode; the battery electric quantity detection unit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery, takes BQ27411 as a core chip, and sends an electric signal to the master controller MCU unit when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is too low, and the master controller MCU unit controls the GPS module, the WiFi module and the data acquisition module to enter a standby working state.
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| CN110505685B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-01-15 | 成都精位科技有限公司 | Base station calibration method and device based on satellite positioning system |
| CN111323665B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-06-28 | 合肥瀚度电力科技有限公司 | Lightning arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS time service ratio correction |
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