CN108918390B - Device and method for forming mud film and measuring consolidation amount and air inflow of mud film - Google Patents
Device and method for forming mud film and measuring consolidation amount and air inflow of mud film Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The application relates to a device and a method for forming a film by slurry and measuring the consolidation quantity and air inflow of the slurry, wherein the device comprises the following components: the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a top cover capable of opening or closing the cylindrical pressure chamber, the top cover is provided with an air inlet connected with the air pressure supply device, and the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a drain hole; the water filtering quantity measuring device is connected with the drain hole through a drain pipeline; the bottom of the cylinder in the cylinder pressure chamber is arranged above the drain hole and is provided with a filter medium for simulating stratum. The method is used for simulating the slurry permeation film forming process in the slurry shield excavation surface indoors, respectively quantitatively measuring consolidation and air inlet phenomena generated in the slurry film air-tight process, and evaluating the quality of the slurry film.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of underground engineering, in particular to a device for forming a film by slurry and measuring the consolidation quantity and air inflow of the slurry film and a test method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of the economic and technological level of China, the construction of subway tunnels, diversion tunnels and large river-crossing tunnels is prosperous, the shield tunneling machine usually encounters the problems of cutter disc cake formation, cutter abrasion and the like in the underground tunneling process, the machine needs to be stopped for operation such as cabin opening maintenance, and the frequent cabin opening maintenance is a characteristic of the shield tunnel construction of China. The under-pressure cabin opening process is a mainstream cabin opening method due to the characteristics of wide application range, low cost and short construction period. The pressurized cabin opening technology uses slurry to permeate on the excavation surface to form a slurry film to maintain the air pressure and the soil water pressure at the two ends of the excavation surface. The quality of the mud film relates to the life safety of cabin entering personnel and the smooth progress of shield construction, and the infiltration of mud in the stratum and the airtight performance of the mud film are simulated through an indoor test, so that the construction site is used for evaluation and guidance, and the method has great significance to actual engineering.
Along with the increasing of the buried depth of the tunnel, the pressure phase strain on two sides of the mud film is large, and the mud film generates obvious consolidation drainage phenomenon so as to influence the air intake of the mud film; meanwhile, the mud film is used as a porous medium, and can effectively close the air for a long time without air inlet, and the air inlet condition and the air inlet volume of the mud film have important reference significance for engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to: in order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the application provides a device for forming a film by using mud and measuring the consolidation amount and the air inflow of the mud film and a test method thereof.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for forming a film from mud and measuring the consolidation amount and air inflow of the mud film comprises:
the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a top cover capable of opening or closing the cylindrical pressure chamber, the top cover is provided with an air inlet connected with the air pressure supply device, and the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a drain hole;
the drainage quantity measuring device is connected with the drainage hole through a drainage pipeline, and a drainage valve is arranged on the drainage pipeline;
a filter medium for simulating a stratum is arranged on the upper part of the drain hole at the bottom of the cylinder in the cylinder pressure chamber, and the filter medium comprises:
the system comprises a steel wire mesh and a plurality of geotechnical cloth layers paved on the steel wire mesh;
the cylinder wall at one side of the bottom of the cylinder pressure chamber is provided with a side hole for exhausting.
The cylindrical pressure chamber includes:
test cylinder: the top end and the bottom end of the test cylinder are respectively connected with the flange in a sealing way;
the top cover is arranged on the flange at the top end of the test cylinder body, two sides of the top cover are fixedly connected with the flanges at the upper end and the lower end of the test cylinder body through screw fasteners, and sealing rings are arranged on the contact surface of the top cover and the flange at the top end of the test cylinder body;
the base is connected to the bottom of the flange at the lower end of the test cylinder, a concave-convex structure for sealing is arranged on the contact surface of the base and the flange at the bottom end of the test cylinder, the drain hole is formed in the base, and the drain hole is connected with the water filtering quantity measuring device through a pipeline.
The upper surface of the base is provided with a groove, and a steel wire mesh and geotechnical cloth are sequentially arranged on the groove from bottom to top.
The air pressure supply device is an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with an air inlet hole at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber through an air inlet pipeline, and the air inlet pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve and an air inlet valve.
The water filtering quantity measuring device comprises an electronic balance and a water containing bucket arranged on the electronic balance, wherein a hole connected with the drain pipe at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber is formed in the water containing bucket.
The method for measuring the thickness and the water content of the mud film by using the device for forming the film and measuring the consolidation amount and the air inflow of the mud film comprises the following steps:
1) Laying geotextile on the wire mesh, replacing stratum with equivalent geotextile, and determining the number of geotextile meshes through stratum equivalent aperture;
2) Connecting a bottom water drain hole of a cylindrical pressure chamber with water injection equipment, reversely injecting water into a filter medium simulating a stratum at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber for saturation, removing the water injection equipment after saturation, closing a water drain valve, opening a top cover at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber, injecting test slurry into the cylindrical pressure chamber, and sealing the top of a test cylinder through the top cover after the test slurry is injected;
3) Opening an air pressure supply device, applying pressure to test slurry in a cylindrical pressure chamber through air pressure, determining the applied pressure according to underground pressure conditions in actual engineering, enabling the test slurry to permeate towards the geotechnical cloth, forming a slurry film on the surface of the geotechnical cloth after a period of time, opening a flange cover, sucking out slurry on the slurry film by using an ear washing ball, exposing the slurry film, taking out the slurry film, measuring thickness by using a graduated scale, and drying to measure water content;
in the mud film forming process, water flows into the water filtering quantity measuring device, the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of the filtered water once every time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and the water filtering change in the experimental mud permeation film forming process is obtained.
The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film in the air-closing process by using the device for forming the film and measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film comprises the following steps:
a) Laying geotextile on the wire mesh, replacing stratum with equivalent geotextile, and determining the number of geotextile meshes through stratum equivalent aperture;
b) Connecting a bottom water drain hole of a cylindrical pressure chamber with water injection equipment, reversely injecting water into a filter medium simulating a stratum at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber for saturation, removing the water injection equipment after saturation, closing a water drain valve, opening a top cover at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber, injecting test slurry into the cylindrical pressure chamber, and sealing the top of a test cylinder through the top cover after the test slurry is injected;
c) The method comprises the steps of opening an air pressure supply device, applying pressure to test slurry in a cylindrical pressure chamber through air pressure, determining the applied pressure according to underground pressure conditions in actual engineering, enabling the test slurry to permeate towards the geotechnical cloth, forming a mud film on the surface of the geotechnical cloth after a period of time, opening a flange cover, sucking out the floating slurry on the mud film by using an ear washing ball, and exposing the mud film;
d) Consolidation test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), attaching an airtight film on the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure chamber, opening an air pressure supply device, converting air pressure into surface pressure to apply pressure to the mud film, and enabling water to flow into a water filtering quantity measuring device, wherein the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of filtered water once every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches a P value, the water filtering quantity generated by the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film is obtained and is called as 'consolidation water filtering quantity';
e) And (3) air-tightness test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), an air pressure supply device is started, pressure is applied to the mud film through air pressure, water flows into a water filtering quantity measuring device, the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of the filtered water once every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches the same pressure value P as in the step d), the water filtering quantity which is called as closed water filtering quantity and is driven by the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film and the air entering the mud film pore is obtained;
f) Subtracting the consolidation water filtering amount obtained in the consolidation test of the step d) from the air-closing water filtering amount obtained in the air-closing test of the step e) to obtain the water filtering amount generated by air inlet of the mud membrane, namely the air volume entering the mud membrane.
The airtight membrane in the step d) is a cylindrical airtight membrane, one end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is smooth and closed, the other end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is open, one smooth end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is attached to the mud membrane, the membrane wall is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure chamber, and redundant air is discharged through the side hole at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber.
The part of the gas-impermeable membrane exceeding the test cylinder in step d) is reversely hooped on the top end of the cylindrical pressure chamber, and the reverse hoop part is clamped and sealed by a top cover.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the mud film forming device provided by the application can simulate the mud permeation film forming process in the stratum simply and easily, can test the consolidation and air intake of the mud film in the air-closing process, and can conduct deep and fine research on the air-closing process of the mud film so as to effectively evaluate the air-closing quality of the mud film.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present application;
1, an air compressor; 2. a pressure regulating valve; 3. an air inlet pipe; 4. an intake valve; 5. a top cover; 6. a flange A; 7. a test cylinder; 8. a side hole; 9. a flange B; 10. a base; 11. a drain valve; 12. an impermeable membrane; 13. an electronic balance; 14. a computer; 15. geotextile; 15. a steel wire mesh;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a test cylinder when performing a consolidation test;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the base;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the test of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments, it being understood that these embodiments are meant to be illustrative of the application and not limiting the scope of the application, and that modifications of the application, which are equivalent to those skilled in the art to which the application pertains, fall within the scope of the application defined in the appended claims after reading the application.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" in the present application means that each exists alone or both exist.
The meaning of "inside and outside" in the present application means that the direction pointing inside the device is inside and outside, relative to the device itself.
The meaning of left and right in the application means that when a reader faces a drawing, the left side of the reader is the left side, and the right side of the reader is the right side.
"connected" as used herein means either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.
The device for forming the mud film and measuring the consolidation amount and the air inflow of the mud film shown in the figure 1 comprises a pressure supply device, a test cylinder body and a filtered water measuring device. The flange connected with the top cover is a flange A, the flange connected with the base is a flange B, the test cylinder is nested between the flange A and the flange B and is pre-tightened and fixed through a screw rod, and a sealing rubber gasket is arranged between the flange and the cylinder wall of the test cylinder. The flange A, B and the top cover are penetrated and connected by 4 screws, and a rubber pad is arranged at the contact part of the flange A and the top cover; the flange B and the base are penetrated and connected by another group of 4 screws, and a rubber pad is arranged at the contact part of the flange B and the base.
The air inlet valve on the top cover is connected with the air inlet pipe through a rotary bolt, and the air inlet pipe is a PU pipe with the inner diameter of 4mm.
The pressure supply device is formed by sequentially connecting an air compressor 1, a pressure regulating valve 2 and an air inlet pipe 3; the test cylinder is of a plexiglass cylinder structure, the plexiglass cylinder 7 is 12cm in inner diameter, 14cm in height and 1cm in wall thickness, is nested between the flange A6 and the flange B9, and is pre-tightened and fixed through a screw.
The side wall of the organic glass cylinder is provided with a side hole 8 for discharging mud on the mud film and discharging air between the film and the wall of the organic glass cylinder when the impermeable film 12 is attached.
The top cover 5 is connected with a flange A6 on one side of the cylinder body through bolts, the top cover 5 is provided with an air inlet valve 4, the top cover 5 is connected with a pressure supply device through an air inlet pipe 3, the top cover 5 can be opened, a cylindrical air-impermeable membrane 12 with the same diameter as the inner wall of the cylinder body is attached to the inside of the test cylinder body 7, the diameter of the air-impermeable membrane 12 is 12cm, one end of the cylindrical air-impermeable membrane is flatly closed, the other end of the cylindrical air-impermeable membrane is open, the part of the open end of the air-impermeable membrane exceeding the flange A6 of the test cylinder body is reversely hooped on the flange, and the purpose of the air-impermeable membrane 12 is to convert air pressure provided by the pressure supply device into surface pressure so as to ensure that mud membrane drainage is solidified.
The base is connected with a flange B9 on the other side of the cylinder body through bolts, grooves are formed in the base 10, the depth of each groove is 3mm, 4 grooves are formed in the base, the grooves are vertically and crosswise distributed, two layers of steel wire meshes and geotechnical cloth are sequentially arranged on the grooves from bottom to top, the aperture of each steel wire mesh is 1mm, water passing channels are reserved between the grooves and the steel wire meshes, meanwhile, the steel wire meshes are used as supporting materials of the geotechnical cloth, and the geotechnical cloth is used as a filtering medium for mud permeation and is used for simulating a stratum; the bottom of the groove is provided with a small hole which is an inlet of a drainage channel inside the base, and the drainage channel is connected with a drainage valve 11 on the side surface of the base. The filtered water measuring device comprises an electronic balance 12 with the accuracy of 0.01g and a computer 13 provided with recording software matched with the balance.
As the preferable scheme of the test device, the depth of the groove of the base is 3mm, 4 grooves are formed in the groove, the grooves are vertically and crosswise distributed, small holes are formed in the bottoms of the grooves and are inlets of drainage channels in the base, and the diameters of the small holes and the channels are 4mm.
As a preferable mode of the test device of the application, the diameter of the steel wire mesh is 1mm.
As a preferable scheme of the test device, the air-impermeable membrane is a cylindrical air-impermeable membrane with the diameter of 12cm, one end of the cylindrical air-impermeable membrane is flat and closed, and the other end of the cylindrical air-impermeable membrane is open.
As a preferred embodiment of the test device according to the present application, the pressure supply device includes an air compressor, a pressure control unit connected to the air compressor, and the air intake pipe is connected to the pressure control unit.
The method for measuring the thickness and the water content of the mud film by using the device for forming the film and measuring the consolidation amount and the air inflow of the mud film comprises the following steps:
a) Laying geotextile on the wire mesh, replacing stratum with equivalent geotextile, and determining the number of geotextile meshes through stratum equivalent aperture;
b) Connecting a bottom water drain hole of a cylindrical pressure chamber with water injection equipment, reversely injecting water into a filter medium simulating a stratum at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber for saturation, removing the water injection equipment after saturation, closing a water drain valve, opening a top cover at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber, injecting test slurry into the cylindrical pressure chamber, and sealing the top of a test cylinder through the top cover after the test slurry is injected;
c) The method comprises the steps of opening an air pressure supply device, applying pressure to test slurry in a cylindrical pressure chamber through air pressure, determining the applied pressure according to underground pressure conditions in actual engineering, enabling the test slurry to permeate towards a geotechnical cloth, forming a mud film on the surface of the geotechnical cloth after a period of time, opening a flange cover, sucking out floating slurry on the mud film by using an ear-washing ball to expose the mud film, enabling water to flow into a filtered water volume measuring device in the mud film forming process, recording the quality of filtered water once through the filtered water volume measuring device every time, enabling the pressure to be increased continuously, enabling the filtered water volume to be increased continuously, and recording the water volume increasing process by taking the pressure as a scale to obtain filtered water change in the filtered water permeation film forming process of the test slurry;
and the thickness and the water content of the mud film after the osmotic film forming is finished, specifically, taking out the mud film, measuring the thickness by using a graduated scale, and drying to measure the water content.
The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film in the air-closing process by using the device for forming the film and measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film comprises the following steps:
a) Laying geotextile on the wire mesh, replacing stratum with equivalent geotextile, and determining the number of geotextile meshes through stratum equivalent aperture;
b) Connecting a bottom water drain hole of a cylindrical pressure chamber with water injection equipment, reversely injecting water into a filter medium simulating a stratum at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber for saturation, removing the water injection equipment after saturation, closing a water drain valve, opening a top cover at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber, injecting test slurry into the cylindrical pressure chamber, and sealing the top of a test cylinder through the top cover after the test slurry is injected;
c) The method comprises the steps of opening an air pressure supply device, applying pressure to test slurry in a cylindrical pressure chamber through air pressure, determining the applied pressure according to underground pressure conditions in actual engineering, enabling the test slurry to permeate towards the geotechnical cloth, forming a mud film on the surface of the geotechnical cloth after a period of time, opening a flange cover, sucking out the floating slurry on the mud film by using an ear washing ball, and exposing the mud film;
d) Consolidation test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), attaching an airtight film on the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure chamber, opening an air pressure supply device, converting air pressure into surface pressure to apply pressure to the mud film, and enabling water to flow into a water filtering quantity measuring device, wherein the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of filtered water once every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches a P value, the water filtering quantity generated by the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film is obtained and is called as 'consolidation water filtering quantity';
e) And (3) air-tightness test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), an air pressure supply device is started, pressure is applied to the mud film through air pressure, water flows into a water filtering quantity measuring device, the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of the filtered water once every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches the same pressure value P as in the step d), the water filtering quantity which is called as closed water filtering quantity and is driven by the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film and the air entering the mud film pore is obtained;
f) Subtracting the consolidation water filtering amount obtained in the consolidation test of the step d) from the air-closing water filtering amount obtained in the air-closing test of the step e) to obtain the water filtering amount generated by air inlet of the mud membrane, namely the air volume entering the mud membrane.
As a preferable scheme of the test method, the air-impermeable membrane in the step d) is a cylindrical air-impermeable membrane, one flat end of the cylindrical air-impermeable membrane is attached to the mud membrane, the membrane wall is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure chamber, and redundant air is discharged through a side hole at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber.
As a preferred embodiment of the test method according to the application, the part of the gas-impermeable membrane which exceeds the test cylinder in step d) is clamped against the top end of the cylindrical pressure chamber and the clamped-against part is sealed by means of a cap.
The test principle of the application is as follows:
the mud film can change differently under the surface pressure and the air pressure. Consolidation occurs when the surface pressure is applied, and the mud film filters water, which is squeezed out by the reduction of the pore volume. When the pressure is smaller, air enters the pores originally due to the surface tension of pore water, but is not extruded, and at the moment, the mud film is equivalent to the pressure of a receiving surface and is only solidified; consolidation still occurs when the air pressure is sufficiently high, but the air pressure overcomes the surface tension, pushing the pore water inwards, the amount of filtered water consisting of both pore volume reduction and air displacement.
The pressurizing mode of the two experiments is the same, the water filtering amounts of the closed gas test and the consolidation test when reaching the same pressure are subtracted, when the two water filtering amounts are different, the mud film enters air (for example, when the pressure is 100kPa, the difference between the two water filtering amounts is 0, when the pressure is increased to 110kPa, the difference between the two water filtering amounts is not 0, the air enters the air inlet valve, and the pressure when the air overcomes the surface tension and enters the pore is the air inlet value.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring consolidation and air inflow of a mud film in a closed process by a mud film forming test device is based on the mud film forming test device and comprises the following steps:
the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a top cover capable of opening or closing the cylindrical pressure chamber, the top cover is provided with an air inlet connected with the air pressure supply device, and the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber is provided with a drain hole;
the drainage quantity measuring device is connected with the drainage hole through a drainage pipeline, and a drainage valve is arranged on the drainage pipeline;
a filter medium for simulating a stratum is arranged on the upper part of the drain hole at the bottom of the cylinder in the cylinder pressure chamber, and the filter medium comprises:
the system comprises a steel wire mesh and a plurality of geotechnical cloth layers paved on the steel wire mesh;
a side hole for exhausting is arranged on the cylinder wall at one side of the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) Laying geotextile on the wire mesh, replacing stratum with equivalent geotextile, and determining the number of geotextile meshes through stratum equivalent aperture;
b) Connecting a bottom water drain hole of a cylindrical pressure chamber with water injection equipment, reversely injecting water into a filter medium simulating a stratum at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber for saturation, removing the water injection equipment after saturation, closing a water drain valve, opening a top cover at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber, injecting test slurry into the cylindrical pressure chamber, and sealing the top of a test cylinder through the top cover after the test slurry is injected;
c) The method comprises the steps of opening an air pressure supply device, applying pressure to test slurry in a cylindrical pressure chamber through air pressure, determining the applied pressure according to underground pressure conditions in actual engineering, enabling the test slurry to permeate towards the geotechnical cloth, forming a mud film on the surface of the geotechnical cloth after a period of time, opening a flange cover, sucking out the floating slurry on the mud film by using an ear washing ball, and exposing the mud film;
d) Consolidation test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), attaching an airtight film on the inner wall of a cylindrical pressure chamber, opening an air pressure supply device, converting air pressure into surface pressure to apply pressure to the mud film, and flowing water into a filtered water volume measuring device, wherein the quality of the filtered water is recorded once through the filtered water volume measuring device every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the filtered water volume is continuously increased, the process of increasing the filtered water volume is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches a P value, the filtered water volume generated due to the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film is obtained and is called consolidation filtered water volume;
e) And (3) air-tightness test: after the mud film is formed in the step c), an air pressure supply device is started, pressure is applied to the mud film through air pressure, water flows into a water filtering quantity measuring device, the water filtering quantity measuring device records the quality of the filtered water once every time a period of time, the pressure is continuously increased, the water filtering quantity is continuously increased, the process of increasing the water filtering quantity is recorded by taking the pressure as a scale, and when the air pressure reaches the same pressure value P as in the step d), the water filtering quantity which is called closed water filtering quantity and is driven by the reduction of the pore volume of the mud film and the air entering the mud film pore is obtained;
f) Subtracting the consolidation water filtering amount obtained in the consolidation test of the step d) from the air-closing water filtering amount obtained in the air-closing test of the step e), wherein the consolidated water filtering amount is the water filtering amount generated by the air inlet of the mud film, namely the air volume entering the mud film;
the airtight membrane in the step d) is a cylindrical airtight membrane, one end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is smooth and closed, the other end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is open, one smooth end of the cylindrical airtight membrane is attached to the mud membrane, the membrane wall is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure chamber, and redundant air is discharged through the side hole at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber.
2. The method for determining the consolidation and air inflow amount of a mud film in a closed air process by using the mud film forming test device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical pressure chamber comprises:
test cylinder: the top end and the bottom end of the test cylinder are respectively connected with the flange in a sealing way;
the top cover is arranged on the flange at the top end of the test cylinder body, two sides of the top cover are fixedly connected with the flanges at the upper end and the lower end of the test cylinder body through screw fasteners, and sealing rings are arranged on the contact surface of the top cover and the flange at the top end of the test cylinder body;
the base is connected to the bottom of the flange at the lower end of the test cylinder, a concave-convex structure for sealing is arranged on the contact surface of the base and the flange at the bottom end of the test cylinder, the drain hole is formed in the base, and the drain hole is connected with the water filtering quantity measuring device through a pipeline.
3. The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film in the air-tight process by using the mud film forming test device according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the base is provided with a groove, the bottom of the groove is communicated with the drain hole, and the steel wire mesh and the geotextile are sequentially arranged above the groove from bottom to top.
4. The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film in the air-closing process by the mud film forming test device according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure supply device is an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with an air inlet hole at the top of the cylindrical pressure chamber through an air inlet pipeline, and the air inlet pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve and an air inlet valve.
5. The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of a mud film in the air-tight process by using the mud film forming test device according to claim 1, wherein the filtered water amount measuring device comprises an electronic balance and a water containing bucket arranged on the electronic balance, and a hole connected with the drain pipe at the bottom of the cylindrical pressure chamber is formed in the water containing bucket.
6. The method for measuring the consolidation and air inflow of the mud film in the air-tight process by using the mud film forming test device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the part of the gas-impermeable membrane exceeding the test cylinder in step d) is reversely hooped on the top end of the cylindrical pressure chamber, and the reverse hoop part is clamped and sealed by a top cover.
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| CN109975514A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-05 | 中山大学 | A kind of fully transparent experimental rig that the lower mud film forming of high pressure effect is held one's breath |
| CN110044712A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of the calm the anger shield mud film of consolidation process of consideration is held one's breath the measurement method of value and amounts of consolidation |
| CN111521528B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-11-08 | 中交二航武汉港湾新材料有限公司 | Slurry shield mud film quality evaluation method |
| CN112683746B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-08-02 | 山东大学 | Device and method for measuring effective stress conversion rate of slurry film forming |
| CN113640192A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-12 | 天津大学 | Visual penetration test device and method for simulating muddy water construction |
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