CN108907488B - Welding clamping method for large-scale complex curvature component - Google Patents
Welding clamping method for large-scale complex curvature component Download PDFInfo
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- CN108907488B CN108907488B CN201810858661.6A CN201810858661A CN108907488B CN 108907488 B CN108907488 B CN 108907488B CN 201810858661 A CN201810858661 A CN 201810858661A CN 108907488 B CN108907488 B CN 108907488B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0417—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for spherical work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/10—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to cutting or desurfacing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding and processing of large-scale components with complex curvatures, and relates to a welding and clamping method of large-scale components with complex curvatures, which comprises the following steps of 1) bending and forming an ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component; 2) attaching the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the surface of a welding tool; 3) clamping the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through an external load; 4) the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to gradually extend towards the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are respectively clamped through external loads. The invention provides a welding clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component, which can reduce the welding edge film pasting gap and meet the welding requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding and processing of large-scale complex curvature components, relates to a component welding and clamping method, and particularly relates to a clamping method of a welding edge in the welding process of a large-scale complex curvature ellipsoid or spherical component for aerospace.
Background
The bottom of an ellipsoidal or spherical storage tank is generally formed by welding a plurality of melon petal-shaped thin-wall components with complex curvatures. Conventional melon lamella form component is because thickness is little (2 ~ 8mm) and overall dimension is not big (1 ~ 2.5m long), consequently when welding on the frock, does not need great external load just to make the component welding limit laminate to the frock surface to realize the welding. Aiming at the welding of the bottom of the oversized complex-curvature ellipsoidal/spherical storage box, for example, a single melon petal-shaped component is larger than or equal to 3m in width, larger than or equal to 5m in length and thicker than 15-25 mm in thickness. The deformation resistance of the component under the action of external load is large, and the conventional external load applying method cannot enable the component to be subjected to film pasting at the welding edge, so that tailor welding cannot be carried out; or even if the member is pasted with the film under the action of an overlarge external load, the member has a complex curvature and a seriously deformed shape, so that the residual stress after welding is large, and the dimension of the member is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a welding clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component, which can reduce the gap between a welding edge and a film and can meet the welding requirement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a welding and clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component is characterized in that: the welding and clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component comprises the following steps:
1) bending and forming the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component; the thickness of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is 15-25 mm; the width of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 5 m;
2) attaching the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the surface of a welding tool;
3) clamping the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through an external load;
4) the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to gradually extend towards the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are respectively clamped through external loads. Preferably, the specific implementation manner of step 4) adopted by the invention is as follows:
4.1) extending to two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external loads;
4.2) two sides of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are taken as initial boundaries to extend to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is clamped through external loads.
Preferably, another specific implementation manner of step 4) adopted by the invention is as follows:
4.1) extending the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external load;
4.2) the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to extend to the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are clamped through external loads.
Preferably, the external load applied by the present invention is provided by the Karan group.
Preferably, the group of the carrans used in the present invention is one or more groups.
Preferably, each group of the kalian groups used in the present invention comprises a first kalian and a second kalian in parallel with the first.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a welding and clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component, which comprises the following steps of 1) bending and forming an ultra-large-scale ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component; the thickness of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is 15-25 mm; the width of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 5 m; 2) attaching the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the surface of a welding tool; 3) clamping the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through an external load; 4) the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to gradually extend towards the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are respectively clamped through external loads. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the whole film pasting gap is smaller by clamping the large end of the component, then clamping the welding edges at two sides and then clamping other welding edges, thereby achieving the actual welding requirement. The clamping tool mainly comprises a clamping tool body, wherein the clamping tool body is provided with a large end and a small end, the large end is clamped on the surface of the clamping tool body, and the small end is clamped on the large end. When other welding edges are clamped firstly, the deformation of the component can be moved to the large end, and the large end is difficult to deform due to large width, so that the fit clearance is large. Aiming at the problem that the welding edge sticking film is difficult in the welding process of the oversized ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component with the complex curvature, the invention provides the welding edge clamping optimization method, and the welding edge sticking film gap after clamping is greatly reduced compared with the conventional method, so that the welding requirement is met, the residual stress after welding is reduced, and the welding reliability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a component with fit gaps around the periphery of the component as the component is clamped using different clamping methods.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a welding and clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the welding and clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component comprises the following steps:
1) bending and forming the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component; the thickness of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is 15-25 mm; the width of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 5 m;
2) attaching the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the surface of a welding tool;
3) clamping the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through an external load;
4) gradually extending towards two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and a small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking a large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and respectively clamping the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external loads;
wherein, the step 4) has the following two different implementation modes:
the first method comprises the following steps:
4.1) extending to two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external loads;
4.2) two sides of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are taken as initial boundaries to extend to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is clamped through external loads.
And the second method comprises the following steps:
4.1) extending the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external load;
4.2) the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to extend to the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are clamped through external loads.
The external load is provided by the kalian group; the kalian group is one or more groups; each group of the kalian groups comprises a first kalian and a second kalian which is parallel to the first kalian.
The invention provides a welding edge clamping optimization method aiming at the problem that welding edge film sticking is difficult in the welding process of an ellipsoidal/spherical melon-petal component with an oversized diameter and a complex curvature.
The theoretical basis of the invention is as follows: the comparison of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component after bending and forming with a theoretical curved-surface fetal membrane shows that: the component is basically attached to the theoretical profile at the small end and the large end, the gap between the two sides close to the small end and the theoretical profile is 0-8 mm, the gap between the two sides close to the large end and the theoretical profile reaches 8-15 mm, and welding requirements cannot be met. The welding edge is gradually attached to the surface of a welding tool through external load in the split welding process of the melon-petal component, and for an ultra-large component, the thickness is large (15-25 mm), the size is large (the width is larger than or equal to 3m, and the length is larger than or equal to 5m), the deformation resistance is large in the loading process, and the periphery of the melon-petal component is welded and cannot be attached to the surface of the tool; when external loads are applied to two sides of the component to clamp the component so as to attach to the surface of a tool, the middle position of the large end of the component is arched, and the gap between the large end of the component and the theoretical profile reaches about 15mm, so that welding cannot be performed. In order to reduce the fit clearance of the welding edges of the components, four clamping modes are contrastively researched. Clamping mode 1: clamping two sides, then clamping a large end and finally clamping a small end; clamping mode 2: clamping the big end, clamping two sides and finally clamping the small end; clamping manner 3: clamping the small end, clamping two sides and finally clamping the large end; clamping manner 4: the big end is clamped, the small end is clamped, and finally the two sides are clamped. The 4 different clamping results shown in fig. 1 indicate that: under four kinds of centre gripping modes, the pad pasting error of melon lamella both sides is about the most (1.5 mm about), and the tip is all laminated, the biggest pad pasting error of 1 main aspects of centre gripping mode 8.1mm, the biggest pad pasting error of 2 main aspects of centre gripping mode 1mm, the biggest pad pasting error of 3 of centre gripping mode 11.2mm, the biggest pad pasting error of 4 of centre gripping modes 0.75 mm. The large end of the component is clamped firstly, and the joint gap of the welding edge of the component is the smallest, namely, the tire sticking effect of the component is the best under the clamping modes 2 and 4.
The whole film pasting gap of firstly clamping the large-end welding edge of the component and then clamping other welding edges is small, and the actual welding requirement is met. The clamping tool mainly comprises a clamping tool body, wherein the clamping tool body is provided with a large end and a small end, the large end is clamped on the surface of the clamping tool body, and the small end is clamped on the large end. When other welding edges are clamped firstly, the deformation of the component can be moved to the large end, and the large end is difficult to deform due to large width, so that the fit clearance is large. Aiming at the problem that the welding edge film sticking is difficult in the welding process of the oversized ellipsoidal/spherical melon-petal component with the complex curvature, the invention provides the welding edge clamping optimization method, and the welding edge film sticking gap after clamping is greatly reduced compared with the conventional method, so that the welding requirement is met, the residual stress after welding is reduced, and the welding reliability is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A welding and clamping method for a large-scale complex curvature component is characterized in that: the welding and clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component comprises the following steps:
1) bending and forming the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component; the thickness of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is 15-25 mm; the width of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 3m, and the length of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is more than or equal to 5 m;
2) attaching the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the surface of a welding tool;
3) clamping the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through an external load;
4) the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to gradually extend towards the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are respectively clamped through external loads.
2. The welding clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation manner of the step 4) is as follows:
4.1) extending to two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external loads;
4.2) two sides of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are taken as initial boundaries to extend to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is clamped through external loads.
3. The welding clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation manner of the step 4) is as follows:
4.1) extending the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component to the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component by taking the large end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component as an initial boundary, and clamping the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component through external load;
4.2) the small end of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component is taken as an initial boundary to extend to the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component, and the two side edges of the ultra-large ellipsoidal or spherical melon-petal component are clamped through external loads.
4. The large complex curvature component welding clamping method of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the external load is provided by the kalian group.
5. The large complex curvature component welding clamping method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the group of the kalian is one or more groups.
6. The welding clamping method for the large-scale complex curvature component according to claim 5, characterized in that: each group of the kalian groups comprises a first kalian and a second kalian which is parallel to the first kalian.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810858661.6A CN108907488B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Welding clamping method for large-scale complex curvature component |
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| CN201810858661.6A CN108907488B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Welding clamping method for large-scale complex curvature component |
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| CN108907488B true CN108907488B (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006075845A (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Mitsuo Kamiya | Lever type c-clamp |
| CN103464905A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Clamping device adoptable for cutting and welding rocket tank bottom longitudinal seam through laser |
| CN203726060U (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 首都航天机械公司 | Compressing device for tank bottom scalloped segment parts |
| CN104690437A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-10 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Method for controlling shapes, positions and sizes of flange plates at spherical bottom of 5M-level storage box |
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2018
- 2018-07-31 CN CN201810858661.6A patent/CN108907488B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006075845A (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Mitsuo Kamiya | Lever type c-clamp |
| CN103464905A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Clamping device adoptable for cutting and welding rocket tank bottom longitudinal seam through laser |
| CN203726060U (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 首都航天机械公司 | Compressing device for tank bottom scalloped segment parts |
| CN104690437A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-10 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Method for controlling shapes, positions and sizes of flange plates at spherical bottom of 5M-level storage box |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| AP1000安注箱工艺装备存在的问题及解决方法;曹福勤;《电站辅机》;20121230;第33卷(第04期);37-40 * |
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