CN108903916B - Implantation needle and implantation method of flexible implantation type biosensor and photoelectric device - Google Patents
Implantation needle and implantation method of flexible implantation type biosensor and photoelectric device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108903916B CN108903916B CN201810857871.3A CN201810857871A CN108903916B CN 108903916 B CN108903916 B CN 108903916B CN 201810857871 A CN201810857871 A CN 201810857871A CN 108903916 B CN108903916 B CN 108903916B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses an implantation needle of a flexible implantation type biological sensor and a photoelectric device and an implantation method thereof, wherein the front end of the implantation needle adopts a variable cross section with abrupt or gradual change of cross section based on the design of the implantation needle with variable cross section size and the open pore of the top of the flexible implantation type biological sensor and the photoelectric device, the flexible implantation type biological sensor and the top of the photoelectric device are provided with a matching hole, only the front end part of the implantation needle can pass through the hole, the sensor and the device are conveyed into a designated position in biological tissues through the variable cross section for limiting, and after the implantation needle is pulled out, the sensor and the device with leads are left in the biological tissues to finish the next detection and treatment function. The invention has simple structure, convenient preparation, low cost, small damage to biological tissues and accurate and controllable implantation position. In addition, the method can be used for implanting the flexible implantable biological sensor and the photoelectric device of various biological tissues only by changing the size of the implantation needle, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an implantation needle of a flexible implantation type biosensor and a photoelectric device and an implantation method thereof, which can be used for implanting the flexible implantation type biosensor and the photoelectric device in biological tissues, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient preparation and low cost; the implantation process is simple to operate and has little damage.
Background
The continuous acceleration of modern life rhythm leads the body and mind of people to be always in a high-pressure state, and the nervous system diseases such as depression, epilepsy and the like are obviously increased; at the same time, the global population gradually changes to the aging, and the diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, muscular atrophy and the like are gradually increased and become a great burden to society. The traditional method for treating the diseases of nervous system, muscle tissue and the like mostly adopts a method of combining medicines with surgical operations, but the medicines are easy to generate larger side effects after being taken for a long time, and the risks of the operations are larger due to the limitation of people on cognition of brain, nerves and the like at present. To solve these problems, new technologies of implantable biosensors, optogenetic devices, nerve/muscle electrodes, etc. have been developed, bringing hopes to a wide range of patients. With the continuous innovation and development of new technologies, implantable bio/optical/electrical devices gradually go to application, and are playing a positive therapeutic role in rehabilitation of patients suffering from parkinson's disease, epilepsy, motor dysfunction, stroke, depression, muscular atrophy and other diseases.
The traditional implantable biological sensor and photoelectric device have the advantages of excellent performance, high reliability and the like, however, the substrate is hard and brittle, is difficult to bear large deformation, is not matched with biological tissues in low modulus, is easy to cause large biological wounds, causes strong inflammatory reaction, and is invalid due to the fact that the device is wrapped by immune protein, so that the service life of the implantable device is short. Therefore, the flexible implantable biosensor and the photoelectric device which take the ultrathin polymer as the substrate are prepared, the flexible devices can bear bending, can be well attached to biological tissues, can effectively reduce inflammatory reaction, greatly prolong the service life of the device and reduce the damage of the implanted device to the biological tissues.
The thickness of the flexible implantable biological sensor and the photoelectric device is usually only tens of micrometers, and the ultrathin device is difficult to be directly implanted into biological tissues due to instability of the compression bar, so that great barriers are brought to application and popularization of the device. Accordingly, many commercial flexible implantable biosensors and optoelectronic devices still employ rigid substrates such as silicon, metal, etc. as a support for implantation into biological tissue.
In order to solve the difficult problem of implanting the flexible implantable biosensor and the photoelectric device into biological tissues, several methods are developed, and are mainly divided into three types: increase the thickness of the device, degrade the biological coating, and transport the hard carrier.
The thickness of the device is increased by increasing the thickness of the insulating polymer coating layer or adding a metal layer in the middle of the device when the device is prepared, so that the bending rigidity of the whole device is improved, and softer biological tissues such as brain can be implanted to a certain extent.
The degradable biological coating is formed by impregnating a layer of biodegradable material such as: fibroin, polyethylene glycol, maltose, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), etc., increases the size of the entire device and also increases its flexural rigidity, thereby implanting into biological tissue.
The hard carrier is transported by using epoxy resin, stainless steel and other material with relatively high elastic modulus as carrier, biodegradable coating, such as fibroin, polyglycol and other material as adhesive, adhering the flexible biological/optical/electric device onto the carrier, implanting the flexible biological/optical/electric device into biological tissue together, dissolving the adhesive with liquid inside the biological tissue, and pulling out the carrier.
Generally, the existing methods for implanting flexible implantable biosensors and optoelectronic devices each have their own limitations.
First, the disadvantage of the implant approach based on increasing the thickness of the device is that the size of the device is increased, the trauma to the biological tissue is greater, and it is not suitable for some biological tissues with higher modulus, such as muscle, etc. At the same time, mismatch of the modulus of the hard carrier with biological tissue can lead to serious mechanical damage and inflammatory response.
Secondly, the implantation method based on the degradable biological coating has the defects that the coating process is complex, the thickness of the coating cannot be accurately controlled, and the method is not applicable to some biological tissues with higher modulus, such as muscles and the like.
Thirdly, the implantation mode based on the hard carrier has the defects of complex carrier processing, high difficulty in the bonding process and high cost. In addition, the breakdown of the adhesive takes a long time, during which time the hard carrier remains in the tissue, causing a degree of inflammatory reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an implantation method of a flexible implantable biosensor and a photoelectric device, which is realized by combining a flexible implantable biosensor or a photoelectric device with a variable cross-section size and an implantation needle with a front end opening; the cross section area of the front end part of the implantation needle is contracted, and a boss with abrupt change of area or a frustum with gradual change of area is formed with the rear end part of the implantation needle; the front end of the flexible implantable biological sensor or photoelectric device is provided with an opening, and only the front end part of the implantation needle can pass through the opening; when the biological tissue is implanted, the front end of the implantation needle penetrates through the front end opening of the flexible implantation type biological sensor or the photoelectric device, the implantation needle is used for pushing the device into the biological tissue, the implantation needle is pulled out after the device is sent to a designated position, and the flexible implantation type biological sensor or the photoelectric device is reserved in the biological tissue.
In the above technical scheme, the implantation needle with the variable cross-section design can be a boss with abrupt cross-section size or a gradual taper, and can be prepared by adopting, but not limited to, an integrated processing molding mode, an outer wrapping coating mode, an outer sleeve hollow tube mode and the like.
The main body of the implantation needle can be made of metal, optical fiber, epoxy resin or carbon fiber.
The coating in the method of the outer coating can be fibroin, polyethylene glycol, maltose, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and the like.
The front end opening of the flexible implantable biosensor and the photoelectric device can only enable the front end part of the implantation needle to pass through, and the opening forms comprise, but are not limited to, any shape meeting the use conditions, such as a round shape, a square shape, a diamond shape, a polygonal shape and the like.
The implantation needle adopts a variable cross-section design with abrupt or gradual change of cross section, the tops of the flexible implantation type biosensor and the photoelectric device are provided with a matching hole, and only the front end part of the implantation needle can pass through the hole. The matching hole passes through the front end part of the implantation needle, the flexible implantation type biosensor and the photoelectric device are sent into the appointed position in the biological tissue through the boss or the conical limit, and after the implantation needle is pulled out, the implantation type biosensor and the photoelectric device with the lead wire are left in the biological tissue to finish the next detection and treatment function. The invention is suitable for the accurate positioning implantation of the flexible implantable biosensor and the photoelectric device in organisms, such as flexible brain LEDs, flexible deep brain electrodes, implantable flexible muscle electrodes, flexible implantable microstructures facing nerve repair/control/electrical stimulation and the like in optogenetics. After the device is implanted, a Ma Quchu implantation needle can be erected, so that mechanical injury and inflammatory response caused by a hard carrier can be effectively reduced.
The invention has simple structure, convenient preparation, low cost, small damage to biological tissues and accurate and controllable implantation position. In addition, the method can be used for implanting the flexible implantable biological sensor and the photoelectric device of various biological tissues only by changing the size of the implantation needle, and has wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly view of a flexible implantable biosensor and an optoelectronic device and an implantation needle according to the present invention during implantation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flexible implantable biosensor and an implantation method of an optoelectronic device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the design and processing scheme of the implant needle according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top-end aperture design of the flexible implantable biosensor and optoelectronic device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a variable cross-section implant needle;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the process of implanting a flexible device into a simulated brain with an implantation needle.
In the figure, the flexible backing 2-biological sensor and the photoelectric device lead and the functional part 3-backing top opening 4-implantation needle rear end part 5-implantation needle front end part 6-biological tissue 7-integrated processing forming boss implantation needle 8-integrated processing forming shovel-shaped implantation needle 9-integrated processing forming taper implantation needle 10-coating 11-implantation needle main body 12-hollow sleeve 13-implantation needle main body.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is an assembly view of a flexible implantable biosensor, an optoelectronic device and an implantation needle prior to implantation.
The cross-sectional area of the front end part 5 of the implantation needle is contracted, and forms a boss with abrupt change of area or a frustum with gradual change of area with the large cross-sectional area part 4 at the rear end; the front end of the flexible implantable biosensor or optoelectronic device is provided with an opening 3 through which only the front end portion 5 of the implantation needle can pass (fig. 1 a). The smaller cross-sectional area of the front end 5 of the implantation needle is fitted through the front opening 3 (fig. 1 b) of the flexible implantable biosensor and the optoelectronic device before implantation into the biological soft tissue.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flexible implantable biosensor and a method for implanting an optoelectronic device according to the present invention. The implant needle front end portion 5 has been brought into engagement through the front end opening 3 of the flexible implantable biosensor and the optoelectronic device (fig. 2 a). Upon implantation, the flexible implantable biosensor and the optoelectronic device are also brought into the biological tissue as the implantation needle is inserted into the biological tissue (fig. 2 b).
After implantation at the designated site, the implantation needle can be pulled out immediately, and the flexible implantable biosensor and the photoelectric device remain in the biological tissue (fig. 2 c).
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the design and processing scheme of the implant needle according to the present invention. The implantation needle can be manufactured by adopting, but not limited to, an integrated processing molding mode (a boss with abrupt cross section size or a gradual taper), an outer wrapping coating, an outer sleeved hollow tube and the like.
In the integrated molding method, the cross section of the tip portion of the implant needle is reduced by machining or chemical etching in the previously prepared fine needle portion.
The manner of reducing the cross-sectional area can be, but is not limited to, boss variable cross-section processing (fig. 3 a), shovel variable cross-section processing (fig. 3 b), smooth transition variable cross-section processing (fig. 3 c) and the like.
In the fine needle overwrap method, a coating 10 is applied to the exterior of the fine implant needle 11, but the tip portion is not applied (fig. 3 d), thereby expanding the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the implant needle.
As an example, but not limiting to the scope of the invention, the coating of the tip of the fine implant needle 11 may be removed by immersing the fine implant needle in a fibroin solution, lifting and solidifying, immersing the tip portion in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, and removing the coating of the tip portion.
In the manner of sheathing the hollow cannula with the fine implant needle, the fine implant needle 13 is externally sheathed with a hollow cannula, thereby expanding the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the implant needle (fig. 3 e).
As an example, a laser cutter was used to cut a polyimide tape instead of a flexible brain electrode (fig. 4 a), the implanted portion of this electrode having a width of 450um and a length of about 7mm, a circular hole having a diameter of about 200um at the front end of the electrode, and an overall thickness of the electrode of 53um (fig. 4 b).
The implant needle adopts the finest acupuncture needle in the market, and the diameter is 160um. In order to increase the cross-sectional area of the rear end part of the implantation needle, the experiment adopts the PEG-2000 which is biocompatible and soluble in water, the appearance is white solid, the melting point is about 51+/-2 ℃, 5g of PEG-2000 is weighed into a beaker, the beaker is placed in an oven at 80 ℃ until the PEG-2000 is completely dissolved (figure 5 a), the acupuncture needle is soaked in the solution, the PEG-2000 which is soaked on the surface of the acupuncture needle is lifted out and solidified at room temperature, the PEG-2000 of the needle point part is scraped mechanically, the implantation needle with a variable cross section is obtained (figure 5 b), and the diameter of the implantation needle is changed to 250um after the rear end of the implantation needle is wrapped with a coating according to a photo-mirror image.
When in implantation, the implantation needle passes through the front end opening of the flexible brain electrode, agarose is used as a substitute for the simulated brain, the implantation needle is implanted into the flexible brain electrode together with the flexible brain electrode, after the implantation needle is implanted into a designated position, the implantation needle is pulled out, and the flexible brain electrode is left in the agarose (figure 6).
Claims (2)
1. The implantation needle of a kind of flexible implantation type biological sensor and photoelectric device, characterized by that, implantation needle and flexible implantation type biological sensor or photoelectric device of front end trompil of the variable cross-section size cooperate to realize the implantation of the flexible implantation type biological sensor or photoelectric device;
the cross section area of the front end part of the implantation needle is contracted, and a boss with abrupt change of area or a frustum with gradual change of area is formed with the rear end part of the implantation needle; the front end opening of the flexible implantable biological sensor or the photoelectric device can only enable the front end part of the implantation needle to pass through, and the shape of the opening is round or any polygon meeting the requirement of use;
the implantation needle with the variable cross-section size is formed by wrapping a coating, the coating is wrapped on the implantation needle main body to integrally form a variable cross section, specifically, a layer of coating is wrapped outside the implantation needle, and the tip part is not wrapped with the coating, so that the cross section area of the rear end of the implantation needle is enlarged; the coating is fibroin, polyethylene glycol, maltose, polyglycolic acid or polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA);
when the biological tissue is implanted, the front end of the implantation needle penetrates through the front end opening of the flexible implantation type biological sensor or the photoelectric device, the implantation needle is used for pushing the device into the biological tissue, the implantation needle is pulled out after the device is sent to a designated position, and the flexible implantation type biological sensor or the photoelectric device is reserved in the biological tissue.
2. The flexible implantable biosensor and the implant needle of the photoelectric device according to claim 1, wherein the main body of the implant needle is made of metal, optical fiber or carbon fiber material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810857871.3A CN108903916B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Implantation needle and implantation method of flexible implantation type biosensor and photoelectric device |
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| CN201810857871.3A CN108903916B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Implantation needle and implantation method of flexible implantation type biosensor and photoelectric device |
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| CN111990995A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Flexible electrode implantation system |
| CN112451207B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 微智医疗器械有限公司 | Surgical instrument assembly for implanting a retinal implant |
| CN112999511B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2024-03-19 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Flexible electrode lead-in device |
| CN113729717A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-03 | 江西脑虎科技有限公司 | Preparation method and structure of flexible electrode probe |
| CN115919421A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心 | Guide device, method for manufacturing guide device and method for using guide device |
| CN115054334A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-16 | 中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心 | Method of guiding a flexible electrode and system for implanting a flexible electrode |
| CN115429282B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2024-02-06 | 武汉衷华脑机融合科技发展有限公司 | Composite microneedle structure and nerve microelectrode |
| CN115644881B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-04-26 | 江西脑虎科技有限公司 | Flexible nerve electrode implantation device and system |
| CN116439718B (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-09-26 | 北京智冉医疗科技有限公司 | Auxiliary implantation assembly, kit and system for flexible neural electrode |
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