CN108901388B

CN108901388B - Straw crusher

Info

Publication number: CN108901388B
Application number: CN201810598413.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 施鑫镛
Original assignee: Anhui Yuxing Food Co ltd
Current assignee: ANHUI YUXING FOOD Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-06-12
Filing date: 2018-06-12
Publication date: 2020-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-12
Also published as: CN108901388A

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw crusher, which comprises a box body and a conveying device arranged on one side of the box body, wherein a box cover which is detachably matched with the top of the box body is arranged at the top of the box body, two groups of crushing rollers which are oppositely arranged are arranged in the box body, a material receiving device is arranged below the crushing rollers, an air spraying device is arranged above the crushing rollers, and the material receiving device comprises a screen which is arranged below the crushing rollers and can generate shaking and a material receiving trolley arranged below the screen; when the straws are clamped in the crushing roller, the straws clamped in the crushing roller are sucked out through the air injection device, so that the phenomenon that the motor is overloaded due to the fact that the damaged device is clamped by the straws is avoided, the motor is damaged, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; the screen cloth can produce vibrations and shake off the material on the screen cloth, avoids the sieve mesh to block up, improves crushing efficiency.

Description

Straw crusher

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crushers, and particularly relates to a straw crusher.

Background

The straw is a general term of stem leaf (ear) part of mature crops. Typically refers to the remainder of the wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other crops (typically roughages) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and are also coarse feed. Consequently need process broken recycle to the straw, current straw breaker blocks breaker easily at straw crushing in-process, makes breaker unable rotation, and then makes motor overload damage motor, and motor life is not long, and the material after the breakage is easy with screen cloth jam when the screen cloth screening, influences crushing efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a straw crusher which overcomes the defects of the prior art and is not easy to clamp a crushing device and block a screen.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a straw crusher comprises a box body and a conveying device arranged on one side of the box body, wherein a box cover which is detachably matched with the box body is arranged at the top of the box body, two groups of crushing rollers which are oppositely arranged are arranged in the box body, a material receiving device is arranged below the crushing rollers, an air injection device is arranged above the crushing rollers, and the material receiving device comprises a screen which is arranged below the crushing rollers and can generate shaking and a material receiving trolley arranged below the screen; when the crushing roller is clamped by the straws, the air injection device performs interval air injection, the air injection device injects air flow parallel to the crushing roller, so that the air pressure above the crushing roller is reduced, the air flow below the crushing roller presses the air flow above the crushing roller under the action of pressure, the straws clamped in the crushing roller are driven to move upwards, the straws clamped in the crushing roller are pushed out of the crushing roller, the crushing roller can normally rotate, the damage of a motor due to overload is avoided, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; when the crushed materials fall on the screen, the screen filters dust on the surface of the materials, so that the dust falls off from the screen holes, the screen vibrates to prevent the dust from blocking the screen holes and shaking off the dust in the screen holes, and the filtering efficiency is improved; the material receiving trolley is in charge of receiving the crushed materials and uniformly recovering the materials, so that the materials are convenient to recycle; the straw is more easily put into the box body to be crushed through the material conveying device, so that the crushing efficiency is improved; through the detachable matching of the box cover, the assembling process of the crusher is simplified, and the crusher is easier to assemble.

Preferably, a left slide rail is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the box body, a right slide rail is arranged in the right side wall of the box body, slide blocks matched with the left slide rail and the right slide rail are respectively arranged at two ends of the screen, and an equipment cavity is arranged at the right side of the right slide rail; the screen is assembled by the mutual matching of the sliding block and the sliding rail, so that the screen is more convenient to assemble and disassemble, the installation steps of the straw crushing equipment are simplified, and the replacement cost of the screen is reduced; the equipment cavity is used for installing electrical equipment, makes electrical equipment keep away from the working chamber, prevents that the broken dust of straw from causing the influence to electrical equipment, increases electrical equipment's life.

Preferably, the air injection device comprises an air injection nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the box body, an air pump arranged in the equipment cavity and an air injection pipe connecting the air pump and the air injection nozzle; in air pump compressed air inputed the air jet pipe, the air jet pipe carried compressed air to the air jet in, spout compressed air through the air jet, made the atmospheric pressure of crushing roller top reduce, the air jet mouth sets up for duckbilled mouth, made the shaping be changeed to spun air current, reduced the atmospheric pressure of crushing roller top, the straw that will block the crushing roller through the pressure difference blows off, avoids motor overload to damage, extension motor life.

Preferably, two ends of the screen are respectively connected with the sliding block through a connecting spring, the screen is arranged in an inclined manner, and one end of the screen is provided with a through hole; when the screen generates vibration, the vibration frequency of the screen is expanded through the connecting springs at the two ends, so that the vibration of the screen is more obvious, the screen is beneficial to screening materials on the screen, dust on the screen falls into the material receiving trolley below through the screen holes, the dust blocked on the screen holes is shaken off through the vibration, and the screening efficiency is prevented from being influenced by the blockage of the screen holes; the screen cloth is at the in-process of shake, and the dust falls from the sieve mesh, and the particulate matter rolls along the surface that the screen cloth slope set up, until rolling and falling through-hole department, the particulate matter falls from through-hole department, drops and carries out unified recovery processing in connecing the material dolly.

Preferably, a driving motor is further arranged in the equipment cavity, a cam and an output gear are arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, a first driving wheel matched with the output gear is further arranged in the equipment cavity, and a second driving wheel matched with the first driving wheel is arranged at the right end of the crushing roller; the driving motor works, so that the output gear arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor rotates, the output gear transmits power to the first driving wheel through gear engagement, the first driving wheel transmits the power to the second driving wheel through gear engagement, the second driving wheel drives the crushing roller to start rotating, the crushing roller is enabled to enter a working state, and the straw falling on the crushing roller is crushed.

Preferably, a connecting rod is arranged above the screen, a push claw is arranged at one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the right sliding rail, a supporting rod is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, and the supporting rod is movably connected with the connecting rod; the screen cloth passes through the connecting rod and realizes the shake, and the bracing piece plays the supporting role to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod can be round the tie point with the bracing piece and move about, and the equipment intracavity is located to the one end that the connecting rod was worn to locate in the right slide rail.

Preferably, the push claw is in contact with the upper surface of the screen, and the connecting rod is arranged in the right slide rail in a penetrating manner, and one end of the connecting rod is matched with the cam; driving motor is at the during operation, drive the epaxial cam of output and rotate, the one end contact in the equipment intracavity is located with the connecting rod to its flange when the cam rotates, upwards promote the connecting rod, the connecting rod rotates round the tie point of bracing piece, make the connecting rod front end push down the claw, thereby make the claw push down the screen cloth, push down the wire side middle part of screen cloth, when the flange of cam changes from the connecting rod, the screen cloth wire side can be bounced under the effect of elasticity, upwards promote and push away the claw, thereby make the connecting rod front end perk, the connecting rod makes the rear end reset round the tie point of bracing piece, screen cloth self produces vibrations under the effect of elasticity, connecting spring through both ends, with the further expansion of vibrations of screen cloth, make the material on the screen cloth carry out effectual screening, prevent that the sieve mesh from being blockked up.

Preferably, the box cover is provided with a straw cutting device; after the straw enters the box body, the straw cutting device cuts the straw, the overlong straw is cut, the phenomenon that the crushing equipment is blocked due to the overlong straw is prevented, and the crushing efficiency of the equipment is improved.

Preferably, the straw cutting device comprises an air cylinder arranged on the box cover, a knife rest plate arranged on an output shaft of the air cylinder and a plurality of blades uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the knife rest plate; when the straws enter the box body and begin to be crushed, the air cylinder begins to work, the air cylinder drives the cutter frame plate to do linear reciprocating motion, so that the cutter frame plate is pressed downwards, the blades cut the straws, the long straws are cut off, and the situation that the crushing device in the crushing equipment is blocked due to overlong straws to influence the crushing efficiency of the equipment is prevented; the straw is cut into a shorter section by cutting off the straw, so that the straw is better crushed by the crushing roller, and the crushing effect is improved.

Preferably, a plurality of rotary rollers are uniformly arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the box body, and a feeding hole is formed in the side wall above each rotary roller; the straw is conveyed in the box body conveniently through the rotating roller, the straw is conveyed into the box body through the feed inlet by the conveying device, the straw is placed in the box body and then is conveyed to the plurality of rotating rollers, the straw is completely conveyed into the box body through the rotating rollers, sliding friction is converted into rolling friction through the rotating rollers, friction is reduced, the straw is conveyed more conveniently, the straw is supported through the rotating rollers, and the straw is subjected to first-step truncation treatment conveniently.

The invention has the following advantages: when the straws are clamped in the crushing roller, the straws clamped in the crushing roller are sucked out through the air injection device, so that the phenomenon that the motor is overloaded due to the fact that the damaged device is clamped by the straws is avoided, the motor is damaged, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; the screen cloth can produce vibrations and shake off the material on the screen cloth, avoids the sieve mesh to block up, improves crushing efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the connecting rod of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a screen panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the right slide rail of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-5, a straw crusher comprises a box body 1 and a conveying device 2 arranged on one side of the box body 1, wherein the conveying device 2 can be a conveyor belt, straws to be treated are placed on the conveying device 2, and the straws can be conveyed into the box body 1 through the conveying device 2, so that the straws are crushed; the top of the box body 1 is provided with a box cover 11 which can be detachably matched, the detachable matching can be clamping connection, the crushing equipment can be easily assembled through the detachable matching of the box cover 11, two groups of crushing rollers 17 which are oppositely arranged are arranged in the box body 1, the crushing rollers 17 are symmetrically arranged, the crushing rollers 17 are provided with thread bulges, when the crushing rollers 17 start to rotate, the thread bulges on the two groups of crushing rollers 17 are mutually ground, so that straws are more easily crushed, and the straw crushing efficiency is improved; a material receiving device is arranged below the crushing roller 17, a straw cutting device is arranged on the box cover 11, long straws entering the box body 1 can be cut by the straw cutting device, the long straws are cut into a plurality of short straws, and the situation that the crushing device is blocked by the long straws to influence the crushing efficiency of the crushing equipment is prevented; the material receiving device comprises a screen 3 capable of shaking up and down and a material receiving trolley 5 arranged below the screen 3, and the screen 3 is a rope-made soft filter screen and has certain elasticity; the screen 3 is obliquely arranged, and one end of the screen 3 is provided with a through hole 33; a dust cavity 51 and a material cavity 52 are arranged in the material receiving trolley 5, the material cavity 52 is arranged below the dust cavity 51, an inlet of the material cavity 52 is arranged below the through hole 33 of the screen mesh, an inlet of the dust cavity 51 is arranged on the left side of the inlet of the material cavity 52, an opening of the inlet of the dust cavity 51 is larger than an opening of the inlet of the material cavity 52, and an inlet of the dust cavity 51 is arranged below the screen mesh 32 of the screen mesh 3; when crushed straws fall on the screen 3, the screen 3 shakes up and down to screen materials on the screen 3, dust falls from the sieve holes 32 in the shaking process of the screen 3 and falls into the dust cavity 51 on the material receiving trolley 5, the dust is collected through the dust cavity 51, the screen 3 shakes off the dust in the sieve holes 32 in the shaking process up and down to prevent the sieve holes 32 from being blocked by the dust, larger particles cannot fall from the sieve holes 32, fall to the through holes 33 along the inclined surface of the screen 3 and fall into the material cavity 52 on the material receiving trolley 5 through the through holes 33, and particles obtained after the straws are crushed are collected through the material cavity 52; connect the material dolly 5 bottom to be equipped with the wheel, be equipped with the dodge gate on the lateral wall before the box 1, the dodge gate supplies the dolly freely to pass in and out, and after the straw breakage was accomplished, open the dodge gate, will connect material dolly 5 to go out from the dodge gate and pull out, is convenient for carry out recycle to the dust and the particulate matter of collecting.

The two ends of the screen mesh 3 are respectively provided with a sliding block 31, the two ends of the screen mesh 3 are respectively connected with the sliding blocks 31 through connecting springs 35, the inner wall of the box body 1 is provided with a sliding rail corresponding to the sliding blocks 31, the sliding rail comprises a left sliding rail 16 and a right sliding rail 14, the bottom of the right sliding rail 14 is lower than the bottom of the left sliding rail 16, the sliding blocks 31 at the two ends of the screen mesh 3 are respectively arranged in the left sliding rail 16 and the right sliding rail 14, the sliding blocks 31 fall down along the sliding rails and fall at the bottoms of the sliding rails, and because the bottom of the left sliding rail 16 is higher than the bottom of the right sliding rail 14, when the sliding blocks 31 at the left end and the right end of the screen mesh 3 fall to; when the screen cloth 3 shakes from top to bottom, the shaking of the screen cloth 3 is enlarged through the connecting spring 35, so that the screen cloth 3 screens materials on the surface of the screen cloth 3, dust drops into the material receiving trolley 5 from the sieve holes 32, the sieve holes 32 are prevented from being blocked by the dust, particles can roll to the through holes 33 along the inclined plane, and then the particles are collected in the material receiving trolley 5.

An equipment cavity 15 is formed in the right side of the right sliding rail 14, a driving motor 4 is arranged in the equipment cavity 15, and the driving motor 4 is arranged in the equipment cavity 15, so that the driving motor 4 is far away from the working cavity, the influence of substances such as dust generated during straw crushing on the driving motor is avoided, and the service life of the driving motor 4 is shortened; a cam 42 and an output gear 41 are arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor 4, a first transmission wheel 43 matched with the output gear 41 is further arranged in the equipment cavity 15, a second transmission wheel 171 matched with the first transmission wheel 43 is arranged at the right end of the crushing roller 17, when the driving motor 4 works, the output gear 41 arranged on the output shaft of the motor starts to rotate, the output gear 41 transmits power to the first transmission wheel 43 through mutual meshing between gears, the first transmission wheel 43 transmits power to the second transmission wheel 171 through mutual meshing between gears, the second transmission wheel 171 transmits power to the crushing roller 17, so that the crushing roller 17 starts to rotate, and straws falling on the crushing roller 17 are crushed; the screen mesh 3 is provided with a connecting rod 34, one end of the connecting rod 34 is provided with a push claw 341, the push claw 341 is in contact with the upper surface of the screen mesh 3, the push claw 341 is three push plates which are bent downwards, and the three push plates which are bent downwards form a fan-shaped structure to increase the contact area of the push claw 341 and the screen mesh 3; one end of the connecting rod 34 penetrates through the right slide rail 14, one end of the connecting rod 34 penetrates through the right slide rail and is arranged in the equipment cavity 15, and one end of the connecting rod 34 is matched with the cam 42; the inner wall of the box body 1 is provided with a support rod 18, the support rod 18 is movably connected with the connecting rod 34, the movable connection can be a hinged connection, the connecting rod 34 can rotate around a connecting point with the support rod 18, the support rod 18 plays a supporting role for the connecting rod 34, and the connecting rod 34 can be used as a lever through the movable connection of the connecting rod 34 and the support rod 18; when the driving motor 4 works, the cam 42 sleeved on the output shaft of the motor rotates along with the motor, the flange of the cam 42 contacts with one end of the connecting rod 34 arranged in the equipment cavity 15 when the cam 42 rotates, the connecting rod 34 is pushed upwards, the connecting rod 34 rotates around the connecting point of the supporting rod 18, so that the front end of the connecting rod 34 presses the push claw 341 downwards, so that the push claws 341 press the screen cloth 3 downward to press the middle of the screen cloth 3 downward, and when the flange of the cam 42 is rotated away from the connecting rod 34, the screen cloth 3 is bounced by the elastic force to push the push claws 341 upward, so that the front end of the connecting rod 34 is tilted, the connecting rod 34 is reset around the connecting point of the supporting rod 18, the screen cloth 3 vibrates under the action of elasticity, the vibration of the screen 3 is further expanded through the connecting springs 35 at the two ends of the screen 3, so that the materials on the screen 3 are effectively screened, and the screening efficiency of the screen is prevented from being influenced by the blockage of the screen holes 32 by dust; through the setting of connecting spring 35, strengthen the shake of screen cloth 3 via connecting spring 35 when screen cloth 3 shakes from top to bottom, do benefit to and shake off the dust on the screen cloth 3 from sieve mesh 32, avoid sieve mesh 32 to be blockked up by the dust.

An air injection device is arranged above the crushing roller 17, the air injection device comprises an air injection nozzle 61 arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1, an air pump 62 arranged in the equipment cavity 15 and an air injection pipe 63 connecting the air pump 62 and the air injection nozzle 61, when the crushing roller 17 starts to work, the air injection device performs interval air injection, when the situation that the crushing roller 17 is clamped by straws is met, the air jet device jets air, the air jet device jets air flow parallel to the crushing roller 17, so that the air pressure above the crushing roller 17 is reduced, the air flow below the crushing roller 17 presses the air flow above the crushing roller 17 under the action of pressure, thereby driving the straws clamped in the crushing roller 17 to move upwards, pushing the straws clamped in the crushing roller 17 out of the crushing roller 17, enabling the crushing roller 17 to normally rotate, avoiding the damage of the driving motor 4 due to overload, and prolonging the service life of the driving motor 4; air pump 62 compressed air inputs the air in the air nozzle 63, and air nozzle 63 carries compressed air to air nozzle 61 in, through air nozzle 61 with compressed air blowout, makes the atmospheric pressure of crushing roller 17 top reduce, and air nozzle 61 mouth is duckbilled mouth setting, makes the shaping of changing of spun air current, changes the atmospheric pressure that reduces the crushing roller top.

The straw cutting device comprises an air cylinder 111 arranged on the box cover 11, a knife rest plate 112 arranged on an output shaft of the air cylinder 111 and a plurality of blades 113 uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the knife rest plate 112, a plurality of rotary rollers 12 are uniformly arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the box body 1, a feed port 13 is arranged on the side wall above the rotary rollers 12, and the feed port 13 is a passage for straws to enter the box body 1; the blades 113 are respectively arranged between the adjacent rollers 12; taking 5 rotating rollers and 5 blades as an example, the gap between adjacent rotating rollers 12 is much larger than the thickness of the blade 113, the conveying device 2 is matched with the feed port 13, long straws are placed above the conveying device 2, the conveying device 2 sends the long straws into the box body 1 through the feed port 13, the long straws enter the box body 1 and are placed above the rotating rollers 12, the rotating rollers 12 convert the sliding friction of the straws into rolling friction, the friction force between the straws and the box body 1 is reduced, the straws can better enter the box body 1, the straws are supported by the 5 rotating rollers 12 and are temporarily placed above the 5 rotating rollers, at the moment, the air cylinder 111 starts to work, the output shaft of the air cylinder 111 is fixedly connected with the knife rest plate 112, the air cylinder 111 pushes the knife rest plate 112 to move downwards, the long straws are cut off by the blade 113, the knife rest plate 112 presses the straws by the blade 113 in the pressing process, the blade 113 is inserted into the gap between the adjacent rollers 12, so that long straws are cut off, the cut straws fall into the lower crushing roller 17 from the gap between the rotating shafts 12, and the crushing roller 17 is used for crushing the straws; cut the device through the straw and cut long straw, avoid long straw to cause the card of crushing roller 17 to die the phenomenon, make crushing work go on smoothly, and cut the device through the straw and cut the straw for shorter segment and carry out the breakage, improve the broken efficiency of straw, promote the straw crushing effect.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a straw crusher, includes box (1) and locates conveyor (2) of box (1) one side, box (1) top is equipped with can dismantle complex case lid (11), be equipped with crushing roller (17) of two sets of relative settings in box (1), crushing roller (17) below is equipped with material collecting device, its characterized in that: an air injection device is arranged above the crushing roller (17), and the material receiving device comprises a screen (3) which is arranged below the crushing roller (17) and can generate shaking and a material receiving trolley (5) which is arranged below the screen (3); a left slide rail (16) is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the box body (1), a right slide rail (14) is arranged in the wall of the right side of the box body (1), slide blocks (31) matched with the left slide rail (16) and the right slide rail (14) are respectively arranged at two ends of the screen (3), and an equipment cavity (15) is arranged at the right side of the right slide rail (14); a driving motor (4) is further arranged in the equipment cavity (15), a cam (42) and an output gear (41) are arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor (4), a first driving wheel (43) matched with the output gear (41) is further arranged in the equipment cavity (15), and a second driving wheel (171) matched with the first driving wheel (43) is arranged at the right end of the crushing roller (17); a connecting rod (34) is arranged above the screen (3), a push claw (341) is arranged at one end of the connecting rod (34), the other end of the connecting rod (34) penetrates through the right slide rail (14), a supporting rod (18) is arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), and the supporting rod (18) is movably connected with the connecting rod (34); the push claw (341) is in contact with the upper surface of the screen (3), and the connecting rod (34) penetrates through one end of the right sliding rail (14) and is matched with the cam (42).

2. A straw crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the air injection device comprises an air nozzle (61) arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), an air pump (62) arranged in the equipment cavity (15) and an air injection pipe (63) connected with the air pump (62) and the air nozzle (61).

3. A straw crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the screen (3) are respectively connected with the sliding block (31) through a connecting spring (35), the screen (3) is obliquely arranged, and a through hole (33) is formed in one end of the screen (3).

4. A straw crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the box cover (11) is provided with a straw cutting device.

5. A straw crusher as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the straw cutting device comprises an air cylinder (111) arranged on the box cover (11), a knife rest plate (112) arranged on an output shaft of the air cylinder (111) and a plurality of blades (113) uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the knife rest plate (112).

6. A straw crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: evenly be equipped with many on box (1) leading flank and the trailing flank and change roller (12), be equipped with feed inlet (13) on changeing roller (12) top lateral wall.