CN108900444A - A kind of channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy - Google Patents
A kind of channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
- H04L25/0256—Channel estimation using minimum mean square error criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
- H04B7/15542—Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of channel estimation methods of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy, include the steps that establishing time-varying Rayleigh fading model, at relaying and purpose is located in go out information source under two kinds of strategies to repeated link using linear minimum mean-squared error theoretical calculation and be relayed to the channel gain of destination link.Method of the invention solves the technical issues of lacking the channel estimation methods for being directed to the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy in the prior art, can accurately and rapidly obtain channel estimation value, calculate accurately, effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless energy assembling spheres, and in particular to a kind of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy
Channel estimation methods.
Background technique
Wireless relay is the effective ways for extending transmission range or increasing base station network covering, is set without additional basis
It applies.A kind of common wireless relay agreement is amplification forwarding, and wherein then relay node is being forwarded from signal source receiving signal
Simply amplified before to destination, without being further processed.One major issue of traditional amplification forwarding trunk protocol
It is that relay node must consume the energy of oneself to amplify and forward signal source.This is worthless in some applications, for example,
Relay node is that battery-operated peer users are relied in consolidated network, and operation of relays will be such that battery consumption obtains faster.To understand
Certainly this problem can be collected using wireless energy.It is collected in relaying in wireless energy, relay node is commonly equipped with energy receipts
Storage, so that before node executes amplification and forwarding operation, information source is that relay node transmits a certain amount of energy in the request
So as to its collection.Therefore, relay node no longer needs to worry the service condition of battery.In some cases, it can even lead to
It crosses and collects to obtain energy from other sources.For this purpose, collection of energy relaying receives great attention in the past few years.
Relaying is collected for tradition relaying and wireless energy, the pith of system design is all channel estimation.Channel
Estimator needs to make to provide channel state information i.e. channel gain from information source to relaying and from the link for being relayed to destination
Channel gain can be used at relaying to be arranged amplification factor or purpose is located in channel gain can be used carrys out coherent demodulation and connect
The signal received.
Channel estimation is always the problem of presence for a long time in the wireless communication for have studied decades.Tradition is relayed
The channel estimation research of channel estimation that has had considerable work, however collected relaying about wireless energy it is seldom, mesh
Preceding wireless communication technology field lacks the channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the prior arts to lack the letter for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy
The technical issues of channel estimation method, the present invention provide a kind of putting using what wireless energy was collected based on linear minimum mean-squared error
The channel estimation methods of big forward relay.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy, are included the following steps：
Step 1：Establish the Jakes model of time-varying Rayleigh fading；
Step 2：Determine that the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying uses, the strategy include the time distributing plan
It omits and power Cut Stratagem；
Step 3：It is located in purpose using linear minimum mean-squared error theory, for specific collection of energy plan at relaying
Slightly, information source is calculated in both strategies to repeated link and the channel gain for being relayed to destination link.It specifically includes：
A calculates channel gain auto-correlation functionCalculation formula is：
The J0(x) be the first kind zero Bessel function；The f is carrier frequency；The TsIt is intersymbol
Every；The fTsIt is assigned a value of 0.01；The σhMeetIndicate averagely decline power, specific value according to
Actual channel circumstance is determined；
B, if p is the vector of L × 1 of the reception signal comprising L pilot tone at relaying, q is that purpose is located in comprising L pilot tone
Receive the vector of L × 1 of signal, r1Indicate information source k=1,2 into repeated link ..., the fading coefficients h at K1(k) between p
The associated vector of L × 1, R1For the autocorrelation matrix of L × L of p, r2Expression is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., declining at K
Fall coefficient h2(k) associated vector of the L between q × 1, R2For L × L autocorrelation matrix of q；
For the correlation formula of specific collection of energy strategy and channel gain, associated vector r is calculated1, autocorrelation matrix
R1, associated vector r2, autocorrelation matrix R2, received signal vector p and received signal vector q；
C estimates information source k=1 into repeated link, the decline system at 2 ..., K using linear minimum mean-squared error theory
Number h1(k) and it is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., the fading coefficients h at K2(k)：
As a preference, the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is distributed using the time,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：
The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
The δ (x) is Dirac pulse function；It is describedFor the variance of multiple additive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；
Associated vector r2 is calculated, first of element of the r2 is： The E { h1 (m) } declines in time-varying Rayleigh
Have in stamping die type：For arbitrary m,The η is the transfer efficiency of energy collecting device, is assigned a value of
1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
The E | h1(m1)||h1(m2) | in time-varying Rayleigh fading model, when
m1=m2When, haveWork as m1≠m2When, have
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception comprising L pilot tone
The vector of the L of signal × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p are4 components of q are
DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is h1(l)、h2(l) initial set value；The n1(l) and
n2It (l) be all mean value is zero, variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；When practical calculating, white noise is carried out
Sample sequence is substituted into and is calculated by sampling；The P2It is the transimission power of relaying, andDescribedAccording to specific system into
Row setting, is the initial set value of fading coefficients of the information source at repeated link.
As a preference, the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is cut using power,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：
The ρ is
Power cuts the factor and is assigned a value of 0.3 according to emulation experiment；The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
The δ (x) is Dirac pulse function；It is describedIt is that the additivity that mean value is zero is high
This white antenna noise n1a(k) variance；It is describedIt is the additive white gaussian conversion noise n that mean value is zero1d(k) variance, assignment
Calculate associated vector r2, the r2First of element be：
DescribedIt is approximately tool in time-varying Rayleigh fading model
There is scale parameterIt is distributed with the Gamma of form parameter K+1The η is that the conversion of energy collecting device is imitated
Rate is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
DescribedIn time-varying Rayleigh fading model, work as m1=m2When, it is equal tom1
≠m2When, it is similar to
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception comprising L pilot tone
The vector of the L of signal × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p are 4 components of q are DescribedIt is carried out according to specific system
Setting, is h1(l)、h2(l) initial set value；The n1aIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian antenna make an uproar
Sound；The n1dIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian conversion noise,The n2(l) it is
Mean value is zero, and variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；When practical calculating, white noise is sampled, will be adopted
Sample sequence, which substitutes into, to be calculated；The P2It is the transimission power of relaying, and DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is information source at repeated link
The initial set value of fading coefficients.
Above-mentioned step 1 is that consider information source node be fixed base stations, and relay node and destination node are mobile receptions
The downlink of the cellular system of device.Thus, it is supposed that a relay system has an information source node, a relay node and one
Destination node.Each node is semiduplex, and has a single antenna (it is relatively easy that result is expanded to mutiple antennas).
For range of increasing network coverage, it is assumed that there is no directly link between letter source and destination.And it is assumed to be Rayleigh fading.Transmission
It completes in two different time slots to avoid interference.
In fact, in the present invention, there are two types of strategies for collecting energy for collection of energy amplification forwarding relaying：First is that the time
Distribution, second is that power is cut.If in first time slot, information source sends packaged packet using time allocation strategy
To relaying, which includes K data symbol, a frequency pilot sign and a use for linear minimum mean-squared error channel estimation
In the frequency pilot sign (total K+2 symbol) of time distribution collection of energy；It in the second time slot, is distributed according to the time, relaying is from connecing
Energy is collected in the collection of energy pilot tone of the collection of letters number, K data symbol is then connected into the same new use with the energy being collected into
It is Resealed in the frequency pilot sign (total K+1 symbol) of channel estimation and is sent collectively to destination.If cutting plan using power
Slightly, then in first time slot, packaged packet is sent relaying by information source, which includes that K data symbol and one are used for
The frequency pilot sign (total K+1 symbol) of linear minimum mean-squared error channel estimation；In second time slot, according to power distribution,
It relays and collects energy from a part of power for receiving signal, then using the energy being collected by K data symbol and one
A new frequency pilot sign (total K+1 symbol) for channel estimation Reseals is forwarded to destination together.Both strategies
Correlation formula different from, it should which difference calculates.
The present invention has the advantages that：Method of the invention, which solves, to be lacked in the prior art for using wireless energy
The technical issues of channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying that amount is collected, channel estimation value can be accurately and rapidly obtained, is counted
It calculates accurately, effectively.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below with reference to embodiments and examples.
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is that a kind of channel of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy is estimated
Meter method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Establish the Jakes model of time-varying Rayleigh fading；
Step 2：Determine that the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying uses, the strategy include the time distributing plan
It omits and power Cut Stratagem；
Step 3：It is located in purpose using linear minimum mean-squared error theory, for specific collection of energy plan at relaying
Slightly, information source is calculated in both strategies to repeated link and the channel gain for being relayed to destination link.It specifically includes：
A calculates channel gain auto-correlation functionCalculation formula is：
The J0(x) be the first kind zero Bessel function；The f is carrier frequency；The TsIt is intersymbol
Every；The fTsIt is assigned a value of 0.01；The σhMeetIndicate the power that averagely declines, specific value root
It is determined according to actual channel circumstance；
B, if p is the vector of L × 1 of the reception signal comprising L pilot tone at relaying, q is that purpose is located in comprising L pilot tone
Receive the vector of L × 1 of signal, r1Indicate information source k=1,2 into repeated link ..., the fading coefficients h at K1(k) between p
The associated vector of L × 1, R1For the autocorrelation matrix of L × L of p, r2Expression is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., declining at K
Fall coefficient h2(k) associated vector of the L between q × 1, R2For L × L autocorrelation matrix of q；
For the correlation formula of specific collection of energy strategy and channel gain, associated vector r is calculated1, autocorrelation matrix
R1, associated vector r2, autocorrelation matrix R2, received signal vector p and received signal vector q；
C estimates information source k=1 into repeated link, the decline system at 2 ..., K using linear minimum mean-squared error theory
Number h1(k) and it is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., the fading coefficients h at K2(k)：
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is further limiting for embodiment one, and the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is distributed using the time,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：
The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
The δ (x) is Dirac pulse function；It is describedFor the variance of multiple additive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate associated vector r2, the r2First of element be： The E | h1(m) | } in time-varying Rayleigh
Have in fading model：For arbitrary m,The η is the transfer efficiency of energy collecting device, assignment
It is 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
The E | h1(m1)||h1(m2) | in time-varying Rayleigh fading model, when
m1=m2When, haveWork as m1≠m2When, have
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception comprising L pilot tone
The vector of the L of signal × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p are4 components of q are
DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is h1(l)、h2(l) initial set value；The n1(l) and
n2It (l) be all mean value is zero, variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；When practical calculating, white noise is carried out
Sample sequence is substituted into and is calculated by sampling；The P2It is the transimission power of relaying, andDescribedAccording to specific system into
Row setting, is the initial set value of fading coefficients of the information source at repeated link.
Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment is a kind of restriction of embodiment two, and the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is cut using power,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：
The ρ
It is that the power cutting factor according to emulation experiment is assigned a value of 0.3；The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
The δ (x) is Dirac pulse function；It is describedIt is that the additivity that mean value is zero is high
This white antenna noise n1a(k) variance；It is describedIt is the additive white gaussian conversion noise n that mean value is zero1d(k) variance is assigned
Value
Calculate associated vector r2, the r2First of element be：
DescribedIt is approximately tool in time-varying Rayleigh fading model
There is scale parameterIt is distributed with the Gamma of form parameter K+1The η is that the conversion of energy collecting device is imitated
Rate is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
DescribedWork as m in time-varying Rayleigh fading model1=m2When, it is equal tom1≠
m2When, it is similar to
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception comprising L pilot tone
The vector of the L of signal × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p are 4 components of q areL=- (K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1)；DescribedIt is set according to specific system
It is fixed, it is h1(l)、h2(l) initial set value；The n1aIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian antenna noise；
The n1dIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian conversion noise,The n2It (l) is equal
Value is zero, and variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；When practical calculating, white noise is sampled, will be sampled
Sequence, which substitutes into, to be calculated；The P2It is the transimission power of relaying, and
DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is the initial set value of fading coefficients of the information source at repeated link.
Finally it should be noted that：Embodiment of above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Invention is explained in detail referring to aforementioned embodiments for pipe, those skilled in the art should understand that：Its according to
It can so modify to technical solution documented by aforementioned embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is equally replaced
It changes；And these are modified or replaceed, each embodiment technical solution of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
Spirit and scope.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of channel estimation methods for the amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Establish the Jakes model of time-varying Rayleigh fading；
Step 2：Determine the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying uses, the strategy include time allocation strategy and
Power Cut Stratagem；
Step 3：It is located in purpose using linear minimum mean-squared error theory at relaying, for specific collection of energy strategy,
Information source is calculated in both strategies to repeated link and the channel gain for being relayed to destination link.
2. a kind of channel estimation methods of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the step 3 includes：
A calculates channel gain auto-correlation functionCalculation formula is：
The J0(x) be the first kind zero Bessel function；The f is carrier frequency；The TsIt is mark space；
The fTsIt is assigned a value of 0.01；The σhMeetIndicate the power that averagely declines, specific value is according to reality
The channel circumstance on border is determined；
B, if p is the vector of L × 1 of the reception signal comprising L pilot tone at relaying, q is that purpose is located in the reception comprising L pilot tone
The vector of the L of signal × 1, r1Indicate information source k=1,2 into repeated link ..., the fading coefficients h at K1(k) L × 1 between p
Associated vector, R1For the autocorrelation matrix of L × L of p, r2Expression is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., the decline system at K
Number h2(k) associated vector of the L between q × 1, R2For L × L autocorrelation matrix of q；
For the correlation formula of specific collection of energy strategy and channel gain, associated vector r is calculated1, autocorrelation matrix R1, phase
Close vector r2, autocorrelation matrix R2, received signal vector p and received signal vector q；
C estimates information source k=1 into repeated link, the fading coefficients h at 2 ..., K using linear minimum mean-squared error theory1
(k) and it is relayed to k=1,2 in the link of destination ..., the fading coefficients h at K2(k)：
3. a kind of channel estimation methods of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is distributed using the time,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：L=-K-3, -1, K+1,2K+
3, k=1,2 ..., K；The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
l1, l2=- K-3, -1, K+1,2K+3, the δ (x) are Dirac pulse functions；It is describedFor the side of multiple additive white Gaussian noise
Difference,It is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate associated vector r2, the r2First of element be：L=- (K+1),
0, K+1,2 (K+1), m=- (K+2), 0, K+2,2 (K+1)；The E | h1(m) | } have in time-varying Rayleigh fading model：It is right
In arbitrary m,The η is the transfer efficiency of energy collecting device, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
l1, l2=-K-1,0, K+1,2 (K+1), m1, m2=-(K+2), 0, K+2,2 (K+2)；The E | h1(m1)||h1(m2)
| in time-varying Rayleigh fading model, work as m1=m2When, haveWork as m1≠m2
When, have
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception signal comprising L pilot tone
The vector of L × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p areL=-K-3, -1, K+1,2K+3；4 components of q areL=- (K+
1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1)；DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is h1(l)、h2(l) initial setting
Value；The n1(l) and n2It (l) be all mean value is zero, variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；The P2
It is the transimission power of relaying, andM=- (K+2), 0, K+2,2 (K+2)；DescribedIt is set according to specific system, is the initial set value of fading coefficients of the information source at repeated link.
4. a kind of channel estimation methods of amplification forwarding relaying collected using wireless energy according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the step b further includes：
If the collection of energy strategy that the amplification forwarding relaying is cut using power,：
Calculate associated vector r1, the r1First of element be：
L=- (K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1), k=1,2 ..., K；The ρ is that power is cut
The factor is cut, according to emulation experiment, is assigned a value of 0.3；The P1It is the transimission power of information source, is assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R1, the R1(l1,l2) element be：
l1, l2=-(K+1), 0, K+1,
2 (K+1), the δ (x) are Dirac pulse functions；It is describedIt is the additive white gaussian antenna noise n that mean value is zero1a(k)
Variance；It is describedIt is the additive white gaussian conversion noise n that mean value is zero1d(k) variance, assignment
Calculate associated vector r2, the r2First of element be：
L=- (K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1), m=-2 (K+1) ,-(K+1), 0, K+1；DescribedWhen
Becoming in Rayleigh fading model is approximately with scale parameterIt is distributed with the Gamma of form parameter K+1It is described
η be energy collecting device transfer efficiency, be assigned a value of 1；
Calculate autocorrelation matrix R2, the R2(l1,l2) element be：
l1, l2=-(K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1), m1, m2=-2 (K+1),-(K+1), 0, K+1；DescribedIn time-varying Rayleigh fading model, work as m1=m2When, it is equal tom1
≠m2When, it is similar to
The vector of L × 1 p and purpose for calculating the reception signal at relaying comprising L pilot tone are located in the reception signal comprising L pilot tone
The vector of L × 1 q；The pilot number L is assigned a value of 4 in the case where stationary channel estimation and performance；4 components of p areL=- (K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1)；4 components of q areL=- (K+1), 0, K+1,2 (K+1)；DescribedIt is carried out according to specific system
Setting, is h1(l)、h2(l) initial set value；The n1aIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian antenna make an uproar
Sound；The n1dIt (l) be mean value is that zero variance isAdditive white gaussian conversion noise,The n2(l) it is
Mean value is zero, and variance isAdditive white Gaussian noise,It is assigned a value of 1；The P2It is the transimission power of relaying, andM=- (K+2), 0, K+2,2 (K+2)；DescribedIt is set according to specific system
It is fixed, it is the initial set value of fading coefficients of the information source at repeated link.
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| CN110190886A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-08-30 | 中山大学 | Signal processing method and device, the relay system of relay system |
| CN110971290A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-07 | 河南科技大学 | Unmanned aerial vehicle relay cooperative communication system information transmission method with optimal energy efficiency |
| WO2020164437A1 (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-08-20 | 索尼公司 | Electronic apparatus, wireless communication method and computer-readable medium |
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